(共42张PPT)
Nominal Clause & Attributive Clause
Part One
Nominal Clause
综述
名词性从句
主语从句subject clause
同位语从句appositive clause
宾语从句 object clause
表语从句predicative clause
Exercises
综述
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。按其句法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的有连接词that, whether 和if，关系代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever以及关系副词when, where和how。
主语从句
1.主语从句在句中作主语。如： Which team will win the match is still not certain. Why he did that wasn’t quite clear.
2．主语从句位于句首时，会使句子显得笨重，因此常以it 作为形式主语，而
将主语从句后置，以保持句子平衡。如：
It is strange that she didn’t come yesterday.
It’s possible that William will be elected to a new leading post.
3．whether与if引导主语从句的区别：
whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，if引导的主语从句只能
放在句末。如：
Whether she comes or not makes no difference. (不能用if)
她来不来都没有关系。
It is doubtful whether/if the President knew the details of the plan.
总统是否知道这个计划的细节这一点颇有疑问。
表语从句
1．表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。如： The question is whether she can speak English.
That is what we need.
2．表语从句可用whether引导，也可用as if 引导，但不能用if 引导。
如： His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
It looked as if it was going to rain.
3．主句的主语是reason时，表语从句要用that，不能用because。
如：
The reason why he was dismissed was that he was careless and
irresponsible. 他被开除的原因是他工作马虎，不负责任。
同位语从句
1．同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有fact, news, promise, reason, idea等。如：
We heard the news that our team had won. Where did you get the idea that I could not come
同位语从句
2．同位语从句与定语从句的主要区别：
从意义上来说，同位语从句对一个名词加以补充说明，定语从句对一个名词进行修饰或限定。从结构上说，同位语从句由连词引导，连词在句中不作任何成分，只起引导作用；引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中担任一定成分，含有代替所修饰或限制词语的意义。如：
They were all shocked at the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
他们都为德国向俄国宣战而感到震惊。
(同位语从句，that只起引导作用，在句中不作任何成分。)
They were all shocked at the news that was announced on the radio. 他们都为收音机中宣布的消息而震惊。
（定语从句，that在从句中作主语，若省略that，句子成分不全。）
宾语从句
1．宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。如：
I wonder who he is.
He is sorry for what he has done.
注：在口语及非正式文体中，that常省略。
2．使用宾语从句时应注意时态呼应。
1) 主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词可以用任何所
需要的时态。如：
I think he has prepared well for the coming exam.
He will tell me how he succeeded in this field tomorrow.
2) 主句谓语动词是过去时态，从句谓语动词若与主句谓语动词同时发生须用一般过去时，先于主句谓语动词须用过去完成时，迟于主句谓语动词则须用过去将来时。 如：
I thought he studied hard.
He said he had finished the book the day before.
She said that she wouldn’t come the next day.
宾语从句
3) 从句如果与某一具体的过去时间状语连用，尽管其谓语动 作发生在主句谓语动作之前，仍用一般过去时。如： She told me that her father died in 1991.
4）从句所说明的是一般真理或客观事实，即使主句用过去
时，从句仍用一般现在时。
The teacher told the students that the computer is a wonderful
machine.
3．不能省略that 的宾语从句 1）句中的动词后接两个或两个以上的that从句作宾语时，第一个that可省，但后面的that 不可省。如：
He said (that) he couldn’t tell you right away and that you
wouldn’t understand.
宾语从句
2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一 般不可省。如： Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如：
I must never tell anyone that I could not see the cloth. 4）当that宾语从句前有it作形式宾语时，that 不可省。如：
We think it important that we study hard.
4．whether和if引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但介词后的宾语从
句只能用whether, 不能用if；宾语从句中含有or not时也只能用whether，不能用if。如：
He asked me if (whether) my brother was at home.
It is a question of whether we should go.
I don’t know whether he will attend tomorrow’s meeting or not.
Sentence Pattern
A is to B what C is to D (A之于B犹如C之于D)
=＝A is to B as C is to D
＝What C is to D, that is A to B. ＝As C is to D, so is A to B.
Air is to human what water is to fish.(空气之于人类犹如水之于鱼。）
Reading is to mind what food is to the body.（读书之于头脑犹如食物之于身体。
这种句子是省略倒装句，完整的句子应该是： What C is to D is what A is to B 两个what都是is的宾语。 C对D是什么，A对B也就是什么。 或 C对D的关系就是A对B的关系。
Sentence Pattern
微笑之於人猶如陽光之於花朵。 Smile is to mankind what/as sunshine is to flowers.
教育之于心灵，犹如雕刻之于大理石。
Education is to the soul what sculpture is to a block of marble.
Practice
1. Memory is to experience as regret is to ________. (A) sorrow (B) problem (C) recollection (D) mistake
2. 讀書之於心靈，正如同食物之於身體。 _____________________________________________________________________
3. 學問之於智慧，猶如種子之於果實。 ____________________________________________________
4. 宗教之於人就像舵之於船。 ____________________________________________________
5. 書本之於人類猶如記憶之於個人。 ____________________________________________________
Key to practice
1. D
2. As food is to the body, so is reading to the mind.
3. Knowledge is to wisdom as/what seed is to fruit.
4. What a rudder is to a ship, that is religion to a man.
5. Books are to mankind what/as memory is to the individual.
Exercises
1. Directions: In this exercise, there are 20 sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
A
B
B
1) _______ we can’t get seems better than _______we have.
A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
2) _______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
3) You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
Exercises
4) It worried her a bit ________her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. which
5) It was a matter of _______ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
6) It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
7) ________you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
8) With the development of computers, it is ________ man has suddenly become a millionaire of the mind.
A. that B. as if C. why D. as
B
B
A
C
B
Exercises
9) The output of our factory is now three times _________ it was three years ago.
A. what B. that C. as D. which
10) What surprised me was _________ so well.
A. what he spoke English B. that he spoke English
C. which did he speak English D. what did he speak English
11) We asked him the question __________.
A. that the trouble is B. which the trouble is
C. where is the trouble D. where the trouble is
12) She told him she would come and see him often, ___________.
A) and she would never forget him
B) and that she would never forget him
C) she would never forget him D) she never forgets him
D
A
B
B
Exercises
13) They are faced with the problem _________ they should continue the work.
A. if B. that C. which D. whether
14) The reason why he didn’t come was __________ he was ill.
A. because B. which C. that D. when
15) The question is ___________ to land men there.
A. if it was safe B. if was it safe
C. whether it was safe D. whether safe it was
16) Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made satellite. A. which B. when C. that D. where
C
D
C
C
Exercises
17) _______makes mistakes must correct them. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
18) What I’m considering now _________ the money we need. A. is B. are C. were D. was
19) The fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us. A. which B. what C. that D. how
20) We thought _______ strange that Tom did not come yesterday. A. that B. it C. this D. what
A
C
C
B
Exercises
2. Directions: Identify the error in each of the following sentences correct it.
I hear that he has done his best and his father is satisfied with him.
A B C D
2) A man cannot be really happy if that he enjoys doing is ignored by
A B C
society as of no value or importance.
D
3) The news which our team has won the match is true. A B C D
C
and that
B
what
B
that
Exercises
4）You must be aware of that what you are doing is quite illegal. A B C D
5) I don’t know that you can recognize her from here, since you
A B C
haven’t seen each other for many years.
D
A
that
B
whether
Part Two
Attributive Clause
2.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
定语从句
3.只用关系代词that，不用 which，who
或whom的几种情况
4. as 与其他词连用引导的定语从句
5. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.综述
6. 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
1.综述
定语从句也称为关系从句或形容词性从句，由关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that, as ）或关系副词（when, where, why）等引导。关系词除了起引导作用外，还在从句中指代前面的先行词，并在从句中担任一定的成分。如：
The car which was stolen has been found.（which 指代先行词car，在从句中作主语）
The house whose windows are broken is empty. (whose 是所有格，在从句中作定语)
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake．这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
I shall never forget the day when I entered the university. (when指代先行词day，在从句中作时间状语)
2.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
定语从句就其与先行词的关系而言，可分为限定性定语从句
和非限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句和先行词之间没有逗号，表示对先行词起修饰限制作用；而非限定性定语从句和先行词之间有逗号分开，是对先行词进行补充说明，相当于并列句。如：
He is the man who has a strong personality. 他是个个性很强的人。（限定性定语从句）
My brother, who works abroad, is coming next week. 我哥哥在国外工作，他下周将回来。（非限定性定语从句）
注：1. 非限定性定语从句不能用that来引导，一般用which，as或who（指人）。用which或as引导时，既可以修饰主句的部分内容，也可修饰主句的全部内容。如：
He spoke confidently, which impressed me most. （which指代整个主句，在从句中作主语）
2.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
2. as引导的非限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，但which或who引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在主句之前。如： As we all know, the moon is a satellite of the earth. The large area is covered with thick snow, which affects people‘s life greatly.
3. 在限定性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时可以省略；但在 非限定性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时不能省略。如：
The film (which) I saw last night is about a young teacher. (which可以省去)
She introduced me to her husband, whom I hadn’t met before. (whom不能省去)
3.只用关系代词that，不用 which，who或whom的几种情况
当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few等时。如： All that you want are here.
2. 当先行词被all, no, some, any, every, a few, a little, much, only, very等修饰时。如：
There is no person that doesn’t make mistakes.
3. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
3.只用关系代词that，不用 which，who或whom的几种情况
4. 当出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物
时。如： We are talking about the people and countries that we have
visited.
5. 当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the person that is standing over there
6. 当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that，
但经常可以省略。如： I know the difference (that) there is between you.
7. 当关系代词在从句中作表语时，常用that。如：
He does not seem to be the man that he was.
他似乎和过去不一样了。
4. as 与其他词连用引导的定语从句
as 引导定语从句时，可指人也可指物，通常与the same，such，so等连用，形式为：the same… as，such… as，as …as，so… as。As在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。如：
She knew he felt just the same as she did. 她知道他的感觉与她自己的一样。(as代替事，作宾语)
I lend you such books as will interest you. 我借给你使你感兴趣的书。(as代替物，作主语)
4. as 与其他词连用引导的定语从句
注：the same… as 和the same… that的用法不同。as引导的定语从句表示其内容与主句所讲的事物“相似”，指同类事物；that引导的定语从句表示其内容与主句所讲的事物是“同一个”，指同一事物。如：
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 这和我昨天丢的笔一样。（类似的笔）
This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. 这支笔就是我昨天丢的那支。（同一支笔）
5. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
在“介词+which/whom”结构中，介词的选择取决于3种情况：
1．定语从句中谓语动词或表语的搭配。如： This is the college in which I am studying. He is the man about whom we are talking. 2．先行词与介词的习惯搭配。如： The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter.
仪表上显示出这台机器运转的速度。 3．当定语从句为最高级时只能用of which; 否则用其他介词。如： I have five dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best. I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is
published in UK.
5. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
注：不可拆分的动词短语介词不能提前，如put up with；有的短语可能有不同的介词搭配，此时需要根据上下文来确定。如：be familiar with/to，compare with/to等。
有时为表意清楚，还可以在关系副词where/ when前加介词from, to等。如：
China is the birthplace of kites, from where kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的故乡，从这里，放风筝的运动传到了日本、韩国、泰国和印度。
6. 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
定语从句在复合句中的功能相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用。而同位语从句则属于名词性从句，对与它有同位关系得名词作进一步解释，使其内容具体化。例如：
She felt very sad because of the news that her husband was killed in an aircraft crash. (同位语从句)
The fact that she told me made me very angry. （定语从句）
Exercises
1. Directions: In this exercise, there are 15 sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
C
D
B
1) He has to work on Sunday, ________ he doesn't like.
A. on which time B. which time C. which D. when
2) I found the book here, ________ was the last place I expected to find it.
A. where B. it C. at which D. which
3) I, ________ your friend, tell you so.
A. that am B. who am C. that is D. who is
Exercises
4) Children shouldn't have more money____ is needed.
A. than B. which C. that D. whose
5) ____ we know, more than 70 percent of the earth is covered with water.
A. Which B. As C. Because D. That
6) I have bought the same bicycle _____ you have.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
7) You have many people around you ____ are kind to you but ____ you will soon forget.
A. / ; / B. / ; who C. who ; / D. who; whom
C
A
B
D
Exercises
8) —Dad, I've finished my assignment．
—Good, and ____ you play or watch TV, you mustn't disturb me.
A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter
9) —Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her？
—Yes, I gave it to her ________ I saw her．
A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. as
10) The famous scientist grew up ________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai．
A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever
11) We had better hurry ________ it is getting dark．
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
C
B
B
C
Exercises
12) We were in ________ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.
A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush
C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush
13) Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ________ her boss could read it first the next morning.
A. so that B. because C. before D. or else
14) ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While
15) I shall stay in the hotel all day ____ there is news of the missing child.
A. in case B. no matter C. in any case D. ever since
C
D
A
A
Exercises
2. Directions: Identify the error in each of the following sentences and correct it.
In the early morning, the first thing which both my brother and I
A B
did was to go out to see the pony.
C D
2) Children who like to read usually read more in the summer, and
A B
those only read for school assignments can be persuaded to read for
Ｃ Ｄ
fun in the summer because there is no school pressure.
A
that
C
those who only read
Exercises
3) The computer, it is a 20th century invention, has created startling
A B
technological changes in the way we organize and produce
information. C D
4) We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden
A B C
which they could play.
D
5) He has reached a point which a change is needed.
A B C D
D
which was
A
where
C
where
Exercises
6）When television was first introduced, the extent that it would
A B
affect society could not have been foreseen.
C D
7) Many people are against smoking in it not only causes diseases to
A B C
the smoker but also dirties the air.
D
8) Early like it was, there was already quite a few people in front of
A B C
the theater at the advance booking office.
D
B
to which
B
in that it
A
as
Exercises
9) How hard he tries, he can’t make out the difference in meaning
A B C
between the two words.
D
10) Just as people differ in their ability to hear sound, as do they
A B C
differ in their appreciation of sounds.
D
However hard
A
C
so
Exercises
3. Directions: Put the following sentences into English.
1) 他们正在谈论他们访问过的老师和学校。
2) 她又改变了主意，这使我们大家都很生气。
3) 他给我的建议这样好，所以我很容易地完成了任务。
4) 既然你们准备好了，我们马上开始工作。
5) 即使我失败了，我仍会继续尝试下去。
They are talking about the teachers and schools that they have visited.
She changed her mind again, which made all of us very angry.
Now (that) you are ready, we’ll start working at once.
He gave me such good advice that I finished the task easily.
Even though I fail, I’ll keep on trying.(共42张PPT)
专题四 三大从句与特殊句式
第2讲 名词性从句
考点分类突破
考点分层演练
语法链接写作
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
考点分类
突 破
Many students don’t know what they should do①，but what Xiao Meng wants to do② is earn money.The reason is that she wants to lessen her parents’ burden③.It is said that many small companies need graduates to do part-time jobs②.Xiao Meng has applied for two jobs but she is not sure about whether she will be employed①.She also wonders when she will be admitted to a college① and which city she will go①.She is anxious for the news that she is admitted to a good university④.
微小说导入
注释：①位于及物动词或介词之后的从句是名词性从句中的宾语从句。②谓语动词之前的从句为名词性从句中的主语从句。此外，该种从句可以用it作形式主语。③位于be动词之后的从句是名词性从句中的表语从句。④位于抽象名词之后，解释该名词内容的句子为同位语从句。
1.名词性从句的引导词如下表所示：
重难点精析
引导词 功能
从属连词 that 在从句中不作任何句子成分，也没有词汇意义
whether，if 在从句中不作任何句子成分，意为“是否”
because，as if/though 在从句中不作任何句子成分，分别意为“因为”“好像”
连接代词 who(ever)，whom(ever)，what(ever)，whose，which(ever) who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；
whom(ever)在从句中作宾语；
which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语；
whose在从句中作定语
连接副词 when(ever)，where，wherever，why，how(ever) 在从句中作状语
2.名词性从句的语序必须是陈述语序。
Do you know where will the party be held？(×)
Do you know where the party will be held？(√)
3.what & that
that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。
I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.
我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。
I believe what he said because he is an honest man.我相信他说的话，因为他是个诚实的人。
4.whether & if
(1)主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中表示“是否”，必须用whether。只有在it作形式主语的主语从句中，可用if。
(2)宾语从句中一般情况下whether与if 可以通用，但在以下情况下不能用if ，只能用whether：
a.介词后 b.其后跟不定式 c.其后紧跟or not
d.引导让步状语从句
结论：在学生的写作中，只要表“是否”，一律用whether。
5.who & whoever
名词性从句中的who翻译为“谁”，带有疑问意味。而whoever则翻译为“不论是谁”，没有疑问的语气。
Do you know who broke the window
你知道是谁打破了窗户吗？
Whoever broke the window will be punished.
无论是谁打破了窗户都得挨罚。
6.that不可省略的情况
(1)that引导主语从句且从句置于句首时；that引导表语从句时；that引导同位语从句时；当it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正的宾语时。
(2)当主句谓语后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其他的that不可省。
结论：学生习作中，that一律不省略。
注意：在同一个谓语动词之后有多个宾语从句并列时，注意句子的理解，要知道后面的that从何而来。如：
She said (that) she had broken up with her boyfriend，that she was heartbroken，and that she would never fall in love again.
她说她和男朋友分手了，她很伤心，而且她不会再爱了。
7.同位语从句位于表示概念或思维的抽象名词之后，对该抽象名词起解释说明的作用。常见的抽象名词有news，idea，fact，promise，conclusion，theory，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word(消息)，possibility，decision等。
At first many people were astonished at the conclusion that the earth was not the centre of the universe.起初很多人对地球不是宇宙中心这一结论感到惊讶。
8.why与because 引导表语从句的用法区别
why与because 引导表语从句时，前者强调结果，后者强调原因。
I had a cold.That was why I didn’t attend school.我感冒了，因此我没上学。
I didn’t attend school. That was because I had a cold.我没上学，那是因为我感冒了。
注意：(1)句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat.
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
(2)由why引导的从句作主语时，表语从句用that引导。
Why we decided to put off the match was that the weather was too terrible.
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
9.as if/though
as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面；表语从句既可以用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。
It sounded as if somebody was knocking at/on the door.听起来好像有人在敲门。
She treats him as if he were a stranger.
她待他如陌生人。
单句语法填空
1. she wants to know is when the party will be held.
2. he will give up his job surprises all of us.
3. did it should be responsible for it.
4. the meeting will be held this afternoon is not known yet.
5.The reason why he was late was he was caught in a traffic jam.
点对点练习
What
That
Whoever
Where/Whether
that
6.I doubt he has the ability to do it well.
7.After seemed a long time，he came to himself.
8.He said he was wrong and he wanted to make an apology to us.
9.He expressed his hope he would visit China again.
10.He failed.That was he didn’t work hard.
whether/if
what
that
that
because
单句语法填空
1. is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
2.By boat is the only way to get here，which is we arrived.
(2018·江苏)
3.Every year， makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017·北京)
对接高考 技法指导
解题策略
What
how
whoever
4.She asked me I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn’t.(2017·天津6月)
5.You have to know you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(2015·湖南)
whether/if
where
名词性从句解题三步走
第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。
第二步：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词。指物用what，whatever；指人用who，whoever。
第三步：如果不缺少主语或宾语，要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that，有疑问则根据句意使用when，where，why，how，whether等。
技法指导
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层级一 基础达标练
层级二 高考真题练
层级三 语篇提能练
考点分层
演 练
单句语法填空
1.He was not looking for others’ smiles，or worrying about ________ someone was watching or not.
2.Helen McCarthy，an author and expert on Japanese Cartoons，explained the character is so popular.“Because Hello Kitty is all about happiness，friendship and fun.”
3.My first task was to decide where to go and to get there.
4.Students can choose they want to do and register online.
层级一 基础达标练
whether
why
how
what/whatever
5.Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building，and that’s I don’t agree.
6.The problem is one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.
7.Twenty-five years later the traveler returned to the same place. he saw amazed him.He could not believe his own eyes.
8.Therefore，it is advisable you should value and treat them with care.
where
that
What
that
9.They would appreciate it，to be frank， the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.
10.I asked him his father had done so that he became such a good person.
11.He has made it clear the meeting will not be postponed.
12.When I entered the restaurant，the waitress said I could sit I like.
13.I didn’t understand this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.
if
what
返 回
that
wherever
why
单句语法填空
1.What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has so many crazy ideas.
(2021·天津3月)
2.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of it used to charge.(2017·江苏)
3.Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.(2020·浙江7月)
层级二 高考真题练
why
what
what
4.It is not a problem we can win the battle；it’s just a matter of time.(2020·江苏)
5.The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.(2020·天津7月)
6.While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
7.I’m not sure is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
whether/if
what
that
who/which
8.Scientists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the human body.(2019·江苏)
9.This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.(2018·北京)
10.The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018·天津6月)
that
what
whoever
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语法填空
名词性从句篇
层级三 语篇提能练
1. worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is 2. she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.
1.考查主语从句。分析句子可知，第一个空引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么，所……的”，故用what。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填What。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的同学玛丽的烦恼，她最近胖了很多而且经常生病，向王教授咨询，在王教授的帮助下，通过均衡饮食和运动变得越来越健康。
What
that
2.考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后面为表语从句，从句成分完整，因此用that引导，that无实际意义，在句中不作任何成分。故填that。
She has some doubts 3. she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also，with the College Entrance Examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days.
whether
3.考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，doubt后接的是同位语从句，从句说的是doubt的内容，从句中不缺少成分，缺少“是否”的意思，故填whether。
Maybe this is 4. she becomes fatter these days，she thinks.
5._____ she becomes slimmer and healthier has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.
4.考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后接的是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“……的原因”，故填why。
5.考查主语从句。分析句子可知，has been前为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“如何，怎样”，故用how。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填How。
why
How
But where she can get better suggestions and 6. will give her better advice also puzzle her.It is her parents’ suggestion 7. she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital.
6.考查主语从句。分析句子可知，puzzle前为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“谁”，故填who。
7.考查主语从句。分析句子可知，It为形式主语，真正的主语为空后的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，故填that。
who
that
Professor Wang suggests 8. she keep a balanced diet first.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein.What’s more，if she wants to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.
that
8.考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，suggests后接的是宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，故填that。
Mary asked Professor Wang 9. she should take exercise. Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is 10. she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now.
when
9.考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，ask接双宾语，空后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，根据下文可知表示“什么时间”，故填when。
because
10.考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后接的是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“原因”，故填because。
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0533.0
语法链接
写 作
1.what引导的名词性从句最显眼
典例 (2019·浙江6月)我写信感谢你为我做的一切。
I’m writing to thank you for what you have done for me.
运用 (2021·浙江6月)令我惊讶的是，我爸爸允许我按照我的意愿使用这笔钱。
What surprised me was that my dad allowed me to use the money as I wished.
2.同位语从句放在开头实力开篇
典例 (2020·浙江7月)听到你请病假回家的消息，我很难过。
I am sorry to hear the news that you have gone back home on sick leave.
运用 (2021·全国乙)没有人能否认在线学习正变得越来越流行这一事实。
No one can deny the fact that online learning is becoming more and more popular.
3.表语从句之前的连词要考虑周全
典例 (2016·全国Ⅲ)我很抱歉我不能和你一起按计划去书店了。原因是我那时有一个重要的会要参加。
I’m sorry that I can’t go to the bookstore with you as planned.The reason is that I have an important meeting to attend then.
运用 (2021·北京)很抱歉，我不能按计划和你出去。原因是我弟弟前几天摔断了腿，我必须照顾他。
I’m sorry that I can’t go out with you as planned.The reason is that my younger brother broke his leg the other day and I must look after him.
4.That/This is because/why...灵活简练
典例 (2019·天津6月)我五岁时开始学画画，我非常喜爱绘画。这就是我想让您安排关于西方美术的讲座的原因。
I took up drawing at the age of five and I’m fond of painting.This is why I want you to arrange a lecture on Western art.
运用 (2021·浙江6月)这个展览非常精彩，展示了中国文化的魅力。这就是为什么我想推荐我的同学们也来参加这个艺术展。
The exhibition is fantastic and shows the charm of Chinese culture.
This is why I would like to recommend my fellow students to attend this art show as well.
5.注意名词性从句与虚拟语气的结合
典例 (2019·北京)我建议你从北京开始，我会带你游览这个城市。
I suggest that you begin from Beijing and I will show you around this city.
运用 (2021·上海)我建议你选择听说课程，因为这门课程完全是用中文教授的，这会对你有很大的好处。
I recommend that you choose the Listening and Speaking course，because the course is entirely taught in Chinese，which will benefit you a lot.
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