山西省吕梁市英杰中学2014年高考英语二轮复习教学案：十大基础常考词汇
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| 名称 | 山西省吕梁市英杰中学2014年高考英语二轮复习教学案：十大基础常考词汇 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 33.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2014-03-03 19:09:10 | ||
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（一）go
go up \down上升\下降 The prices keep going up\down these days.
go away 离开 He went away from home last year.
go on 继续 let’s go on with the reading.\go on doing the reading.
go ahead 用吧 --Would you mind my smoking here --No, go ahead.
go after 追求 While many people go after fame,he goes after happiness.
go by（时间）流逝 As time went by, he came to know the value of life.
go in for 参加 --Which sport do you go in for --Football.
go off （枪支等）走火 The gun went off quickly.
go through 经历 He has gone through a lot of hardships.
go against 违背 Anyone who goes against nature will be punished.
go over 复习 let’s go over what we have learnt so far.
go with 与…相配 He bought a new tie to go with his new suit.
go +adj.\done ：go bad\crazy\hungery Food goes bad easily in summer.
go without 在没有…继续 Life won’t go without water.
go back to 追溯到… The building goes back to 19th century.
（二）come
come in 进来 Come in,please.
come up 出现 Many problems came up at the meeting yesterday.
come out 出来，出版 When will his new book come out
come back 回来 He came back from Shanghai yesterday.
come about 发生 How did the accident come about
come across 偶遇
1. Refer to your dictionary if you come across a new word.
2. I came across an old friend of mine on the street yesterday.
come down 下来 Come down quickly! It is dangerous!
come off 脱落 A button has come off my coat.
come on 别担心，加油…
e on ,Don’t be so sad! Everything will be ok.
come to oneself 苏醒 He came to himself two hours later.
come true （梦想）实现 My dream has come true .
come into power 掌权 He came into power last year.
come up with 想出 He came up with a good idea.
（ 三）take
take up 占据（时间、空间）；从事（事业、爱好）；拿起
eg. 1. The table takes up too much room.
2.He took up gardening after he retired.
3.They took up their guns to fight for their freedom.
take on 呈现；雇佣 eg. 1.Our school has taken on a new look.
2.They took 20 more workers this year.
take out 拿出 eg. Please take out your book .
take something for granted 认为…理所当然
eg. Don’t take everything your parents do for you for granted.
take pains to do something 努力做某事
eg. They took great pains to finish the work on time.
take something into consideration 把….考虑在内
eg. Before you make the final decision, you must take everything into consideration.
take measures to do something 采取措施做某事
eg. Measures have been taken to protect our environment.
take after （在长相或性格上）像某人（常之父母）
He took after his father not only in looks but also in character.
take…as 把…理解成 We took what he said as agreement.
take advantage of 利用
eg.They take advantage of the new library to read more books.
take interest in 对…感兴趣 eg.He took great interest in acting.
e
take pride in 对…感到骄傲
eg. He took pride in his son’s achievement.
take place 发生
eg. Great changes have taken place in our hometown.
take in 吸收；理解；包括；欺骗
eg. 1. Eat more vegetables to take in more vitamins.
2.Don’t be taken in by his appearance.
3.The professor’s lecture took in many subjects.
4.I didn’t take in what you said just now.
take down 写下，记下 eg. They took down everything the teacher said.
take off （飞机）起飞；（事业）腾飞
eg.1. The plane takes off at 6 this afternoon.
2. After the film , his career began to take off.
take A for B 错把A当成B
eg. I took Mary for her twin sister just now.
take notice of 注意到 He took no notice of the warning.
take over 接管
eg. Hongkong has been taken over by the Chinese government.
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 They took turns to clean the room.
(四)make
make up 弥补；化妆；组成；和好
She made herself up before going to the party.
You must make up for the lost time.
Fifty students make up our class.
They soon made up after the quarrel.
make out 看出,听出，辨认出
eg. He didn’t make out her voice over the phone.
make sense 有道理，讲得通
What you said just now didn’t make any sense to me.
Can you make sense of what he said just now
make use of 利用 You should make better use of your free time.
make….into 把…制成 They finally made the wood into a new desk.
make one’s bed 整理床铺 She made her bed before leaving to work.
make up one’s mind to do something 下定决心做某事
We have made up our mind to achieve our goal.
make a living 谋生 The fishermen make a living by fishing .
make one’s fortune 发财
eg.Many people went south to make their fortune.
make somebody do 让某人做某事 They made us sign our names here.
make an….impression on somebody 对某人留下…印象
The first time I met him, he made a deep impression on me.
make it 做成某事
eg. He promised to make his dream come true, and he made it.
make a decision to do something 决定做某事
eg. A decision has been made to carry out the plan at once.
make it a rule to do something 通常做某事
eg. They make it a rule to get up early every morning.
make oneself heard\understood 让自己被听到|被理解
eg. He raised his voice to make himself heard.
(五) get
get up 起床 eg. He used to get up early.
get into a\the habit of 养成…习惯
eg.He has got into the habit of getting up early.
get into trouble 陷入麻烦 He is said to have got into trouble.
get something done 使某件事被做
eg. He got his watch repaired yesterday.
get paid\changed\burnt 得到付款|换衣服|烧伤
1. He got burnt in the big fire. 2. She got changed quickly.
get on well with somebody 与…相处融洽
get away from 离开
eg.I won’t be able to get away from the office before 7.
get down to doing something 开始做某事
eg. Let’s get down to reading now.
get somebody to do something 让某人做某事
eg. They got him to repair the machine quickly..
get over 克服 He got over a lot of difficulties.
get through 完成；接通电话；花光
We have finally got through the work.
Could you please get me through to the manager.
He has got through all the money he got.
get on\off a bus 上|下公汽
get in 收割 The farmers are busy getting in the crops.
get sb\sth doing 使某人|某物….起来
eg. They managed to get the car going.
（六）have
have sb. do 让某人做某事
eg. The boss had Tom do the work by himself.
have sth. done 使某事被做
eg. 1. He had his hair cut yesterday.
2. He had his leg broken in the accident.
won’t have sb. doing 不容许某人做某事
eg. We won’t have you talking so loudly in class.
have sth. to do 有事要做（主语就是动作的执行者）
eg. I have a lot of homework to do.
have sth. to be done 有事让别人做（主语不是动作的执行者）
eg. He had several letters to be typed.
have something to do with 与….有关
eg. I have nothing to do with the case.
have something in common 有共同之处
eg. They have a lot in common with each other, so they become good friends.
have a go\try 要试一试
eg. I want to have a go\try.
have a word with sb. 与…聊天
eg. I want to have a word with you.
have words with sb. 与…争吵
eg.They had words with each other, but soon made up.
（七）set
set up 建立
eg. They have set up a new branch office in Shenzhen.
set out 动身，出发 set out to do 着手做某事
eg. When will you set out for shanghai next week
set off 出发；突然引起
They set off for Dalian yesterday.
The question set off a heated discussion.
be set in 以…为背景
eg. The story was set in the 19th century.
set aside 忽视；拨出….备将来之用
1. Let’s set aside our personal feelings first,and get down to work immediately.
2.He sets aside a sum of money every week for future use.
set about doing 开始做某事
eg. They set about repairing the house.
set fire to 放火烧 (set ….on fire 使….着火)
eg. Who set fire to the house | Who set the house on fire
set free 释放
eg. The slaves were set free at last.
set the table 摆桌子
eg. He help set the table and they were ready to have dinner.
set a date for 为…确定日期
eg. A date has been set for the meeting.
set sail for 起航前往
eg.They decided to set sail for Dalian the next day.
set sb. a good example 为某人树立榜样
eg. Leifeng set a good example to us| Leifei set us a good example.
（八）break
break up （物理）碎裂；（关系）结束；驱散（人群）
Their relationship broke up after the quarrel.
The police are trying to break up the crowd.
The ship broke up on the rocks.
break down（化学）分解；（车）抛锚；（计划）中途停止
Sugar breaks up easily in the stomach.
Our plans have broken up because of the money.
The computer broke down suddenly.
My car broke down halfway on the road.
She broke down completely after hearing the news.
break in 插话；突然闯入（in是副词，后不带宾语）
Don’t break in while others are talking.
He broke in suddenly and told us the exciting news.
break into 突然闯入（into是介词，后带宾语）;突然开始（笑、哭）等
When he reached home, he found his house broken into and many things stolen.
The crowd broke into a laughter at his amusing story.
break out （战争、洪水、大火、疫病等）突然爆发（不及物动词短语）
A fire broke out in the building last night, causing 10 deaths and 12 injuries.
He was 19 when the war broke out .
break away from 摆脱，挣脱
The thief is trying to break away from the police.
He managed to break away from the bad habit.
break through 突破;冲破（防线）
Scientists have broken through in their fight against cancer.
The soldiers have succeeded in breaking through the enemy’s defense.
break off 中途休息；折断（及物）
She broke off in the middle of the sentence.
She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
break one’s heart 使某人伤心
eg. He went home, with his heart broken.
break the law 违法
eg. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
break one’s word\promise 违背某人的诺言
eg. He has broken his word that he will buy me a present.
break a world record 破一项世界纪录
About 16 world records have been broken so far.
have one’s leg broken 腿折了Unfortunately, he had his leg broken in the accident.
(九) put
put up 张贴；搭建；举起;忍受;留某人临时住宿
They put up a notice on the wall.
They put up a small tent on the coast.
Please put up your hand if you have a question to ask.
I couldn’t put up with him any longer.
The old man put us up in the small village.
put away 把…收起来 eg. Put those clothes away ,please.
put off 推迟 eg. The meeting was put off because of the bad weather.
put forward 提出（意见或建议）
eg.The plan you put forward at the meeting is practical.
put on 穿上；上演
He put on his coat and went out.
When will the new play be put on
put down 放下;记下
Put down your hands and I will explain it to you.
He put down everything the teacher said to him.
put….in 把…放进
put through 完成；接通电话
We managed to put the deal through. 我们设法做成了这笔交易。
Could you put me through to the manager
put aside 忽视；攒钱
Let’s put aside the difference first, and join hands to solve the problem.
He put aside some money for his son’s education.
（十）look
look at 看 He is looking at me.
look up 向上看；尊敬；查找
They looked up and saw a plane flying over.
The students all look up to Professor li, whose lessons are very interesting.
look into 向里看；调查
He looked into the room and saw nobody was in.
The police will look into the case soon.
look over 检查eg. We looked over the house again before we decided to rent it.
look for 寻找 eg. Whom are you looking for
look after 照看 eg. He is looking after his mother.
look forward to 盼望 eg. The day we are looking forward to came at last.
look down upon 瞧不起 eg. Nobody wanted to be looked down upon.
look on….as 把….看做 eg. She is looked on as the leading figure in this field.
look around 四下看 eg. He looked around over his shoulder.
look out for 当心，留意
You should look out for pickpockets on buses.
Do look out for spelling mistakes in your work.
look through 浏览eg. She looked through her notes before the exam.
常用动词和介词搭配短语归类
(一)． through
put through 完成；使接通电话They have put through a business deal.
go through 经历；花光；浏览He has gone through a lot of hardships.
get through 完成；花光He has gone through\got through a lot of money.
see through 看穿 I have seen through your trick.
look through 浏览 He looked through the list of the actors.
break through 突破 They are trying to break through in this field.
(二)．Over
come over过来Would you like to come over to my house and have dinner with me
go over 复习 We are going over our lessons before the exam.
turn over 转身 He turned over and asked me a question.
hand over 转交They have handed the thief over to the police.
take over 接管Hongkong has been taken over by the Chinese government.
get over 克服 We have got over all the difficulties ahead of us.
think over 仔细考虑 Please think it over before giving the answer.
over 的其他相关题：
1.The plane is flying over the city.
2.Let’s talk about it over a cup of tea.
3.He jumped over the fence and came to our yard.
4.He kept silent over the matter in order not to lose his job.
5.The Great Wall winds its way across deserts，over mountains，through valleys till at last it reaches the sea.
(三)Off
put off 推迟 The sports meeting have to be put off because of the bad weather.
take off 脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；扣下
eg.He finally agreed to take 5 dollars off the price.
be off 离开 He is off \leaving tomorrow.
see off 目送 I will see you off at the airport tomorrow.
set off 出发；突然引起They will set off for Shanghai tomorrow.
break off 折断；中途休息Let’s break off and have a cup of tea.
come off 脱落 A button has come off my coat.
switch\turn off 关闭They switched off the lights and went to sleep.
go off 断电；走火The electricity went off because of the power failure.
off 的相关题：
Shanghai lies on the coast while Taiwan is off the coast of the mainland.
He is jumping off the rock to the sea.
(四)．in
come in 进来 He cut in while we were talking.
break in 闯入;插话 A thief broke in last night and I had my bag stolen.
call sb. in 请某人来 He has called a doctor in.
give in 屈服 He would rather die than give in.
take in 摄入；欺骗；包括
Eat more vegetables to take in more vitamins.
Don’t be taken in by him.
The professor’s lecture took in many subjects.
bring in 引进；带来
.They brought in a lot of new machines ,which has brought in a lot of money.
join sb. in doing 和某人一起
Would you like to join us in singing a song
be busy in doing 忙于be absorbed in 专心致志于
He was so absorbed in his work that he didn’t know what was going on outside.
be occupied in 忙于
He is now occupied in his own business.
have difficulty in doing 在做…上有困难
If you have any difficulty in operating the machine, refer to the instructions.
in 的其他短语：
in a word\in brief\in general\in conclusion\in a nutshell\in short\all in all 总之
in all 总共 be caught in 被困住 be set in 以…为背景 fall\be in love with 爱上
in surprise 吃惊地 in silence 沉默地 end up in failure 以失败而告终
in the direction of 朝着…方向 in case 以免，以防 in a way 从某种程度说
in other words 换句话说 lost in thought 陷入沉思 have sth. in common with 与…有共同之处 in turn依次，轮流 in time 及时in return 作为回报 in the future 在将来 in future 今后 in favour of 支持in honour of 为了…荣誉 in praise of 称赞 get in 收割（庄稼）take part in 参加
join in 加入（某一组织）succeed in doing 成功做某事 cut in 插话
(五)．on
take on 雇佣；呈现 The school has taken on a new look.
put on 穿上；上演 They have put on a new performance.
be on 在进行中 What is on？ 发生什么了？\上演什么？
pass on 传递 A teacher’s job is to pass on knowledge to the students.
turn on 打开 Turn on the radio ,please.
hold on 别挂断；坚持 Hold on to the good chance.
work on 专心于 He is working on a new novel.
insist on 坚持 He insisted on doing it himself.
carry on 实施下去 If a plan is carried out ,it must be carried on.
come on 过来；没关系 Come on ,dear. Don’t be so sad. Everything will be ok.
feed on 以…为食 Cattle feed on grass.
live on 以…为生 People in the south live on rice.
get on 上车 He got on the bus and left.
On 的其他短:
call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事call on sb. 顺便拜访某人
be on strike在罢工depend on sb. 依赖某人fix one’s eyes on 眼睛盯着
agree on sth. 就…达成一致 get on well with 与…相处得好
congratulate sb. on sth. 因为…向某人祝贺 try on 试穿
go on with\doing 继续做…look on sb. as 把…当做be situated on 位于
(六)．out
come out 出来；出版 The sun came out from behind the clouds.
His new book will come out soon.
go out 出去； He went out of the room.
take out 拿出 Take out your book and let’s have our lessons..
put out （使火）熄灭 The fire was finally put out two hours later.
bring out 拿出；出版 His new book will be brought out soon.
hand out 分发 I will help you hand out the reference books.
break out （战争、洪水、疾病）突然爆发 A fire broke out last night.
carry out 实施 The plan was soon carried out in the school.
make out 辨明 It is difficult to make out your voice over the phone.
look out 当心，留意 Look out! It is dangerous!
burn out 烧尽 The house was burnt out in the fire.
give out 分发；耗尽 My leg gave out after the walk.
blow out 吹灭 The wind blew out the candles.
be worn out 精疲力竭的 I was worn out after the long walk.
cut out 裁剪（衣服） The dress was too large for her daughter, so she cut it out.
turn out 出来，结果是 The audience turned out after the film was over.
He turned out (to be )very successful.
send out 释放出 The sun sends out light and heat.
set out 动身；出发; They set out quickly .
pick out 挑选 Can you help me pick out the spelling mistakes
figure out 想明白，弄清楚 I couldn’t figure out his intention.
leave out 遗漏 You have left out a letter in the word.
let out 发出；泄密 He let out a cry of help.| He let out a secret to me.
out 的其他用法
out of job 失业 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of order 杂乱无章 out of control 失去控制 out of one’s reach 在某人够不到的地方
out of one’s understanding 超出某人的理解范围 out of trouble 摆脱麻烦
out of prison 出狱 out of hospital 出院 out of date 过时 out of danger 摆脱危险 out of touch 失去联系 out of pity 出于同情 out of petrol 汽油没了 out of curiosity 出于好奇
(七)．up
get up 起床 The reason why he came late was that he got up late.
pick up 捡起；顺便学会；让乘客上车；接收节目；买便宜货；身体恢复;加速
He picked up a wallet from the ground.
He picked up some English while in London on business.
The bus stopped to pick up more passengers.
The radio can pick up many English programmes.
He picked up a second-hand bicycle in the market yesterday.
Her health began to pick up after the holiday.
The train began to pick up after it left the station.
go up （价格）上涨 The prices keep going up quickly.
take up 拿起；占据；从事
They took up their guns to fight against the invaders.
Reading took up most of her spare time.
He took up gardening after retiring from work.
turn up 音量调大；出现
He turned up the radio to enjoy the beautiful music.
He hasn’t turned up till now.
put up 举起；搭建；容忍；让某人暂住
Please put up your hand if you have any questions.
They put up a small tent to stay in on the beach.
I couldn’t put up with him any more.
It is my friend Tom who put us up for the night.
come up 出现;想出
1..Many problems came up at the meeting .
2.He came up with a new idea.
cut up 切碎 He cut up some meat to make dumplings.
be up to 达到…数字；达到….的标准；该…谁决定;捣鬼
The little boy can count up to 1,000.
He is up to his position.
The goods aren’t up to the quality standard.
We are making great efforts to live up to our parents’expectations.
He is up to some tricks.
make up 组成；化妆；弥补;和好
Fifty-two students make up our class.
She made herself up before going to the party.
Let’s work hard to make up for the lost time.
They soon made up after the quarrel.
hold up 举起；延误
He held up his hand to raise a question.
The traffic was held up because of the bad weather.
bring up 抚养；提出；呕吐
He was brought up in the countryside.
He brought up a new proposal in the meeting.
He brought up what he had eaten that morning.
grow up 成长 He grow up in a well –educated family.
speed up 加速 The train speed up after leaving the station.
break up 碎裂；（关系）结束
The ship broke up on the rock.
Their relationship broke up after the incident.
The police are trying to break up the crowd.
use up\run up 用光 The petrol is running up. \ The petrol is being used up.
up 的其他短语： put up with 忍受 send up 发送 wake up 醒来
burn up 烧光 stay up 熬夜 hurry up 快点 go up （价格）上涨
dress up 打扮It is up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事 shut up 闭嘴
(八) down
get down to doing sth. 开始做某事 let’s get down to our own business.
go down (价格)下降 The prices keep going down.
take down 写下，记下（set down \put down\write down ）
Please take down what I am going to say.
turn down （音量）调小；拒绝Turn down the radio ,please. The baby is asleep.
look down upon 瞧不起 Nobody wants to be looked down upon.
cut down 砍倒；缩减
The environment is getting worse because people cut down too many trees.
He decided to cut down on smoking because of his bad health.
burn down Many houses were burnt down in the big fire.
break down (化学)分解；车中途坏了；计算机死机了；（计划）中途落空了
Sugar breaks down easily in the stomache.
My car broke down halfway on the road.
The computer broke down because of the power failure.
The plan broke down because of a lack of financial support.
come down 下来 Come down quickly ,it is dangerous up there.
pass down (代代)相传
Good tradition should be passed down from generation to generation.
slow sown 减速 Seeing me standing by, he slowed down his car.
settle down 安顿下来;安静下来
They moved to Paris and settled down there.
He was very excited at first, but soon settled down .
bring down 使（价格）下降
The prices keep going up quickly ,and it seems there is no way to bring them down.
sit down 坐下
Please sit down .\ please be seated.\ Please seat yourself.\Please take your seat.
tear down 拆毁The old houses were torn down to make room for the new railway .
down 的其他用法
up 为北上，down为南下。 up 接近 down为远去
They travelled up to Canada.
They decided to make their fortune down to Hainan.
He is walking up to me.
4. A car is driving down the street.
go up \down上升\下降 The prices keep going up\down these days.
go away 离开 He went away from home last year.
go on 继续 let’s go on with the reading.\go on doing the reading.
go ahead 用吧 --Would you mind my smoking here --No, go ahead.
go after 追求 While many people go after fame,he goes after happiness.
go by（时间）流逝 As time went by, he came to know the value of life.
go in for 参加 --Which sport do you go in for --Football.
go off （枪支等）走火 The gun went off quickly.
go through 经历 He has gone through a lot of hardships.
go against 违背 Anyone who goes against nature will be punished.
go over 复习 let’s go over what we have learnt so far.
go with 与…相配 He bought a new tie to go with his new suit.
go +adj.\done ：go bad\crazy\hungery Food goes bad easily in summer.
go without 在没有…继续 Life won’t go without water.
go back to 追溯到… The building goes back to 19th century.
（二）come
come in 进来 Come in,please.
come up 出现 Many problems came up at the meeting yesterday.
come out 出来，出版 When will his new book come out
come back 回来 He came back from Shanghai yesterday.
come about 发生 How did the accident come about
come across 偶遇
1. Refer to your dictionary if you come across a new word.
2. I came across an old friend of mine on the street yesterday.
come down 下来 Come down quickly! It is dangerous!
come off 脱落 A button has come off my coat.
come on 别担心，加油…
e on ,Don’t be so sad! Everything will be ok.
come to oneself 苏醒 He came to himself two hours later.
come true （梦想）实现 My dream has come true .
come into power 掌权 He came into power last year.
come up with 想出 He came up with a good idea.
（ 三）take
take up 占据（时间、空间）；从事（事业、爱好）；拿起
eg. 1. The table takes up too much room.
2.He took up gardening after he retired.
3.They took up their guns to fight for their freedom.
take on 呈现；雇佣 eg. 1.Our school has taken on a new look.
2.They took 20 more workers this year.
take out 拿出 eg. Please take out your book .
take something for granted 认为…理所当然
eg. Don’t take everything your parents do for you for granted.
take pains to do something 努力做某事
eg. They took great pains to finish the work on time.
take something into consideration 把….考虑在内
eg. Before you make the final decision, you must take everything into consideration.
take measures to do something 采取措施做某事
eg. Measures have been taken to protect our environment.
take after （在长相或性格上）像某人（常之父母）
He took after his father not only in looks but also in character.
take…as 把…理解成 We took what he said as agreement.
take advantage of 利用
eg.They take advantage of the new library to read more books.
take interest in 对…感兴趣 eg.He took great interest in acting.
e
take pride in 对…感到骄傲
eg. He took pride in his son’s achievement.
take place 发生
eg. Great changes have taken place in our hometown.
take in 吸收；理解；包括；欺骗
eg. 1. Eat more vegetables to take in more vitamins.
2.Don’t be taken in by his appearance.
3.The professor’s lecture took in many subjects.
4.I didn’t take in what you said just now.
take down 写下，记下 eg. They took down everything the teacher said.
take off （飞机）起飞；（事业）腾飞
eg.1. The plane takes off at 6 this afternoon.
2. After the film , his career began to take off.
take A for B 错把A当成B
eg. I took Mary for her twin sister just now.
take notice of 注意到 He took no notice of the warning.
take over 接管
eg. Hongkong has been taken over by the Chinese government.
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 They took turns to clean the room.
(四)make
make up 弥补；化妆；组成；和好
She made herself up before going to the party.
You must make up for the lost time.
Fifty students make up our class.
They soon made up after the quarrel.
make out 看出,听出，辨认出
eg. He didn’t make out her voice over the phone.
make sense 有道理，讲得通
What you said just now didn’t make any sense to me.
Can you make sense of what he said just now
make use of 利用 You should make better use of your free time.
make….into 把…制成 They finally made the wood into a new desk.
make one’s bed 整理床铺 She made her bed before leaving to work.
make up one’s mind to do something 下定决心做某事
We have made up our mind to achieve our goal.
make a living 谋生 The fishermen make a living by fishing .
make one’s fortune 发财
eg.Many people went south to make their fortune.
make somebody do 让某人做某事 They made us sign our names here.
make an….impression on somebody 对某人留下…印象
The first time I met him, he made a deep impression on me.
make it 做成某事
eg. He promised to make his dream come true, and he made it.
make a decision to do something 决定做某事
eg. A decision has been made to carry out the plan at once.
make it a rule to do something 通常做某事
eg. They make it a rule to get up early every morning.
make oneself heard\understood 让自己被听到|被理解
eg. He raised his voice to make himself heard.
(五) get
get up 起床 eg. He used to get up early.
get into a\the habit of 养成…习惯
eg.He has got into the habit of getting up early.
get into trouble 陷入麻烦 He is said to have got into trouble.
get something done 使某件事被做
eg. He got his watch repaired yesterday.
get paid\changed\burnt 得到付款|换衣服|烧伤
1. He got burnt in the big fire. 2. She got changed quickly.
get on well with somebody 与…相处融洽
get away from 离开
eg.I won’t be able to get away from the office before 7.
get down to doing something 开始做某事
eg. Let’s get down to reading now.
get somebody to do something 让某人做某事
eg. They got him to repair the machine quickly..
get over 克服 He got over a lot of difficulties.
get through 完成；接通电话；花光
We have finally got through the work.
Could you please get me through to the manager.
He has got through all the money he got.
get on\off a bus 上|下公汽
get in 收割 The farmers are busy getting in the crops.
get sb\sth doing 使某人|某物….起来
eg. They managed to get the car going.
（六）have
have sb. do 让某人做某事
eg. The boss had Tom do the work by himself.
have sth. done 使某事被做
eg. 1. He had his hair cut yesterday.
2. He had his leg broken in the accident.
won’t have sb. doing 不容许某人做某事
eg. We won’t have you talking so loudly in class.
have sth. to do 有事要做（主语就是动作的执行者）
eg. I have a lot of homework to do.
have sth. to be done 有事让别人做（主语不是动作的执行者）
eg. He had several letters to be typed.
have something to do with 与….有关
eg. I have nothing to do with the case.
have something in common 有共同之处
eg. They have a lot in common with each other, so they become good friends.
have a go\try 要试一试
eg. I want to have a go\try.
have a word with sb. 与…聊天
eg. I want to have a word with you.
have words with sb. 与…争吵
eg.They had words with each other, but soon made up.
（七）set
set up 建立
eg. They have set up a new branch office in Shenzhen.
set out 动身，出发 set out to do 着手做某事
eg. When will you set out for shanghai next week
set off 出发；突然引起
They set off for Dalian yesterday.
The question set off a heated discussion.
be set in 以…为背景
eg. The story was set in the 19th century.
set aside 忽视；拨出….备将来之用
1. Let’s set aside our personal feelings first,and get down to work immediately.
2.He sets aside a sum of money every week for future use.
set about doing 开始做某事
eg. They set about repairing the house.
set fire to 放火烧 (set ….on fire 使….着火)
eg. Who set fire to the house | Who set the house on fire
set free 释放
eg. The slaves were set free at last.
set the table 摆桌子
eg. He help set the table and they were ready to have dinner.
set a date for 为…确定日期
eg. A date has been set for the meeting.
set sail for 起航前往
eg.They decided to set sail for Dalian the next day.
set sb. a good example 为某人树立榜样
eg. Leifeng set a good example to us| Leifei set us a good example.
（八）break
break up （物理）碎裂；（关系）结束；驱散（人群）
Their relationship broke up after the quarrel.
The police are trying to break up the crowd.
The ship broke up on the rocks.
break down（化学）分解；（车）抛锚；（计划）中途停止
Sugar breaks up easily in the stomach.
Our plans have broken up because of the money.
The computer broke down suddenly.
My car broke down halfway on the road.
She broke down completely after hearing the news.
break in 插话；突然闯入（in是副词，后不带宾语）
Don’t break in while others are talking.
He broke in suddenly and told us the exciting news.
break into 突然闯入（into是介词，后带宾语）;突然开始（笑、哭）等
When he reached home, he found his house broken into and many things stolen.
The crowd broke into a laughter at his amusing story.
break out （战争、洪水、大火、疫病等）突然爆发（不及物动词短语）
A fire broke out in the building last night, causing 10 deaths and 12 injuries.
He was 19 when the war broke out .
break away from 摆脱，挣脱
The thief is trying to break away from the police.
He managed to break away from the bad habit.
break through 突破;冲破（防线）
Scientists have broken through in their fight against cancer.
The soldiers have succeeded in breaking through the enemy’s defense.
break off 中途休息；折断（及物）
She broke off in the middle of the sentence.
She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
break one’s heart 使某人伤心
eg. He went home, with his heart broken.
break the law 违法
eg. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
break one’s word\promise 违背某人的诺言
eg. He has broken his word that he will buy me a present.
break a world record 破一项世界纪录
About 16 world records have been broken so far.
have one’s leg broken 腿折了Unfortunately, he had his leg broken in the accident.
(九) put
put up 张贴；搭建；举起;忍受;留某人临时住宿
They put up a notice on the wall.
They put up a small tent on the coast.
Please put up your hand if you have a question to ask.
I couldn’t put up with him any longer.
The old man put us up in the small village.
put away 把…收起来 eg. Put those clothes away ,please.
put off 推迟 eg. The meeting was put off because of the bad weather.
put forward 提出（意见或建议）
eg.The plan you put forward at the meeting is practical.
put on 穿上；上演
He put on his coat and went out.
When will the new play be put on
put down 放下;记下
Put down your hands and I will explain it to you.
He put down everything the teacher said to him.
put….in 把…放进
put through 完成；接通电话
We managed to put the deal through. 我们设法做成了这笔交易。
Could you put me through to the manager
put aside 忽视；攒钱
Let’s put aside the difference first, and join hands to solve the problem.
He put aside some money for his son’s education.
（十）look
look at 看 He is looking at me.
look up 向上看；尊敬；查找
They looked up and saw a plane flying over.
The students all look up to Professor li, whose lessons are very interesting.
look into 向里看；调查
He looked into the room and saw nobody was in.
The police will look into the case soon.
look over 检查eg. We looked over the house again before we decided to rent it.
look for 寻找 eg. Whom are you looking for
look after 照看 eg. He is looking after his mother.
look forward to 盼望 eg. The day we are looking forward to came at last.
look down upon 瞧不起 eg. Nobody wanted to be looked down upon.
look on….as 把….看做 eg. She is looked on as the leading figure in this field.
look around 四下看 eg. He looked around over his shoulder.
look out for 当心，留意
You should look out for pickpockets on buses.
Do look out for spelling mistakes in your work.
look through 浏览eg. She looked through her notes before the exam.
常用动词和介词搭配短语归类
(一)． through
put through 完成；使接通电话They have put through a business deal.
go through 经历；花光；浏览He has gone through a lot of hardships.
get through 完成；花光He has gone through\got through a lot of money.
see through 看穿 I have seen through your trick.
look through 浏览 He looked through the list of the actors.
break through 突破 They are trying to break through in this field.
(二)．Over
come over过来Would you like to come over to my house and have dinner with me
go over 复习 We are going over our lessons before the exam.
turn over 转身 He turned over and asked me a question.
hand over 转交They have handed the thief over to the police.
take over 接管Hongkong has been taken over by the Chinese government.
get over 克服 We have got over all the difficulties ahead of us.
think over 仔细考虑 Please think it over before giving the answer.
over 的其他相关题：
1.The plane is flying over the city.
2.Let’s talk about it over a cup of tea.
3.He jumped over the fence and came to our yard.
4.He kept silent over the matter in order not to lose his job.
5.The Great Wall winds its way across deserts，over mountains，through valleys till at last it reaches the sea.
(三)Off
put off 推迟 The sports meeting have to be put off because of the bad weather.
take off 脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；扣下
eg.He finally agreed to take 5 dollars off the price.
be off 离开 He is off \leaving tomorrow.
see off 目送 I will see you off at the airport tomorrow.
set off 出发；突然引起They will set off for Shanghai tomorrow.
break off 折断；中途休息Let’s break off and have a cup of tea.
come off 脱落 A button has come off my coat.
switch\turn off 关闭They switched off the lights and went to sleep.
go off 断电；走火The electricity went off because of the power failure.
off 的相关题：
Shanghai lies on the coast while Taiwan is off the coast of the mainland.
He is jumping off the rock to the sea.
(四)．in
come in 进来 He cut in while we were talking.
break in 闯入;插话 A thief broke in last night and I had my bag stolen.
call sb. in 请某人来 He has called a doctor in.
give in 屈服 He would rather die than give in.
take in 摄入；欺骗；包括
Eat more vegetables to take in more vitamins.
Don’t be taken in by him.
The professor’s lecture took in many subjects.
bring in 引进；带来
.They brought in a lot of new machines ,which has brought in a lot of money.
join sb. in doing 和某人一起
Would you like to join us in singing a song
be busy in doing 忙于be absorbed in 专心致志于
He was so absorbed in his work that he didn’t know what was going on outside.
be occupied in 忙于
He is now occupied in his own business.
have difficulty in doing 在做…上有困难
If you have any difficulty in operating the machine, refer to the instructions.
in 的其他短语：
in a word\in brief\in general\in conclusion\in a nutshell\in short\all in all 总之
in all 总共 be caught in 被困住 be set in 以…为背景 fall\be in love with 爱上
in surprise 吃惊地 in silence 沉默地 end up in failure 以失败而告终
in the direction of 朝着…方向 in case 以免，以防 in a way 从某种程度说
in other words 换句话说 lost in thought 陷入沉思 have sth. in common with 与…有共同之处 in turn依次，轮流 in time 及时in return 作为回报 in the future 在将来 in future 今后 in favour of 支持in honour of 为了…荣誉 in praise of 称赞 get in 收割（庄稼）take part in 参加
join in 加入（某一组织）succeed in doing 成功做某事 cut in 插话
(五)．on
take on 雇佣；呈现 The school has taken on a new look.
put on 穿上；上演 They have put on a new performance.
be on 在进行中 What is on？ 发生什么了？\上演什么？
pass on 传递 A teacher’s job is to pass on knowledge to the students.
turn on 打开 Turn on the radio ,please.
hold on 别挂断；坚持 Hold on to the good chance.
work on 专心于 He is working on a new novel.
insist on 坚持 He insisted on doing it himself.
carry on 实施下去 If a plan is carried out ,it must be carried on.
come on 过来；没关系 Come on ,dear. Don’t be so sad. Everything will be ok.
feed on 以…为食 Cattle feed on grass.
live on 以…为生 People in the south live on rice.
get on 上车 He got on the bus and left.
On 的其他短:
call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事call on sb. 顺便拜访某人
be on strike在罢工depend on sb. 依赖某人fix one’s eyes on 眼睛盯着
agree on sth. 就…达成一致 get on well with 与…相处得好
congratulate sb. on sth. 因为…向某人祝贺 try on 试穿
go on with\doing 继续做…look on sb. as 把…当做be situated on 位于
(六)．out
come out 出来；出版 The sun came out from behind the clouds.
His new book will come out soon.
go out 出去； He went out of the room.
take out 拿出 Take out your book and let’s have our lessons..
put out （使火）熄灭 The fire was finally put out two hours later.
bring out 拿出；出版 His new book will be brought out soon.
hand out 分发 I will help you hand out the reference books.
break out （战争、洪水、疾病）突然爆发 A fire broke out last night.
carry out 实施 The plan was soon carried out in the school.
make out 辨明 It is difficult to make out your voice over the phone.
look out 当心，留意 Look out! It is dangerous!
burn out 烧尽 The house was burnt out in the fire.
give out 分发；耗尽 My leg gave out after the walk.
blow out 吹灭 The wind blew out the candles.
be worn out 精疲力竭的 I was worn out after the long walk.
cut out 裁剪（衣服） The dress was too large for her daughter, so she cut it out.
turn out 出来，结果是 The audience turned out after the film was over.
He turned out (to be )very successful.
send out 释放出 The sun sends out light and heat.
set out 动身；出发; They set out quickly .
pick out 挑选 Can you help me pick out the spelling mistakes
figure out 想明白，弄清楚 I couldn’t figure out his intention.
leave out 遗漏 You have left out a letter in the word.
let out 发出；泄密 He let out a cry of help.| He let out a secret to me.
out 的其他用法
out of job 失业 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of order 杂乱无章 out of control 失去控制 out of one’s reach 在某人够不到的地方
out of one’s understanding 超出某人的理解范围 out of trouble 摆脱麻烦
out of prison 出狱 out of hospital 出院 out of date 过时 out of danger 摆脱危险 out of touch 失去联系 out of pity 出于同情 out of petrol 汽油没了 out of curiosity 出于好奇
(七)．up
get up 起床 The reason why he came late was that he got up late.
pick up 捡起；顺便学会；让乘客上车；接收节目；买便宜货；身体恢复;加速
He picked up a wallet from the ground.
He picked up some English while in London on business.
The bus stopped to pick up more passengers.
The radio can pick up many English programmes.
He picked up a second-hand bicycle in the market yesterday.
Her health began to pick up after the holiday.
The train began to pick up after it left the station.
go up （价格）上涨 The prices keep going up quickly.
take up 拿起；占据；从事
They took up their guns to fight against the invaders.
Reading took up most of her spare time.
He took up gardening after retiring from work.
turn up 音量调大；出现
He turned up the radio to enjoy the beautiful music.
He hasn’t turned up till now.
put up 举起；搭建；容忍；让某人暂住
Please put up your hand if you have any questions.
They put up a small tent to stay in on the beach.
I couldn’t put up with him any more.
It is my friend Tom who put us up for the night.
come up 出现;想出
1..Many problems came up at the meeting .
2.He came up with a new idea.
cut up 切碎 He cut up some meat to make dumplings.
be up to 达到…数字；达到….的标准；该…谁决定;捣鬼
The little boy can count up to 1,000.
He is up to his position.
The goods aren’t up to the quality standard.
We are making great efforts to live up to our parents’expectations.
He is up to some tricks.
make up 组成；化妆；弥补;和好
Fifty-two students make up our class.
She made herself up before going to the party.
Let’s work hard to make up for the lost time.
They soon made up after the quarrel.
hold up 举起；延误
He held up his hand to raise a question.
The traffic was held up because of the bad weather.
bring up 抚养；提出；呕吐
He was brought up in the countryside.
He brought up a new proposal in the meeting.
He brought up what he had eaten that morning.
grow up 成长 He grow up in a well –educated family.
speed up 加速 The train speed up after leaving the station.
break up 碎裂；（关系）结束
The ship broke up on the rock.
Their relationship broke up after the incident.
The police are trying to break up the crowd.
use up\run up 用光 The petrol is running up. \ The petrol is being used up.
up 的其他短语： put up with 忍受 send up 发送 wake up 醒来
burn up 烧光 stay up 熬夜 hurry up 快点 go up （价格）上涨
dress up 打扮It is up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事 shut up 闭嘴
(八) down
get down to doing sth. 开始做某事 let’s get down to our own business.
go down (价格)下降 The prices keep going down.
take down 写下，记下（set down \put down\write down ）
Please take down what I am going to say.
turn down （音量）调小；拒绝Turn down the radio ,please. The baby is asleep.
look down upon 瞧不起 Nobody wants to be looked down upon.
cut down 砍倒；缩减
The environment is getting worse because people cut down too many trees.
He decided to cut down on smoking because of his bad health.
burn down Many houses were burnt down in the big fire.
break down (化学)分解；车中途坏了；计算机死机了；（计划）中途落空了
Sugar breaks down easily in the stomache.
My car broke down halfway on the road.
The computer broke down because of the power failure.
The plan broke down because of a lack of financial support.
come down 下来 Come down quickly ,it is dangerous up there.
pass down (代代)相传
Good tradition should be passed down from generation to generation.
slow sown 减速 Seeing me standing by, he slowed down his car.
settle down 安顿下来;安静下来
They moved to Paris and settled down there.
He was very excited at first, but soon settled down .
bring down 使（价格）下降
The prices keep going up quickly ,and it seems there is no way to bring them down.
sit down 坐下
Please sit down .\ please be seated.\ Please seat yourself.\Please take your seat.
tear down 拆毁The old houses were torn down to make room for the new railway .
down 的其他用法
up 为北上，down为南下。 up 接近 down为远去
They travelled up to Canada.
They decided to make their fortune down to Hainan.
He is walking up to me.
4. A car is driving down the street.