Unit1 Past and present 单元知识点详解学案+同步练习（含答案）
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8B Unit1 Past and present
【Comic strip & welcome to the unit】
一、Eddie, have you seen my food Yes. I’ve just seen eaten it. You’ve changed, Eddie.
【知识点一】：现在完成时
have/has+done
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
1、The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you (not find) it yet, keep looking. (
1
)
2、Do you know that we won the football match
Yes, I the news.
A.hear B.to hear C. have just heard D. just have heard
3、She’s been to shanghai before,
A. isn’t she B. hasn’t she C. has she
【知识点二】：just
1、(adv.) 刚刚,刚才,方才
2、just 常常用于现在完成时中
如：You’re too late, the train has just left.
3、just now 用于一般过去时中，相当于 a moment ago
4、相关短语：just then“就在那时”也是一般过去时
如：The train left just now/ a moment ago.
（1）I’m not hungry because I have had lunch.
A. ever B. never C. just D. still
（2）Where’s John
He just (go) to the teachers’ office.
（3）I couldn’t go into the room. I (1ose) my key just now．
【知识点三】：change
1、(v.) 改变
Change…into…：变成……
2、可数名词：改变
如：There are many changes in our country.
3、不可数名词：零钱
（1）Great changes in our hometown.
A. has happened B. has taken place
C. have taken place D. have been happened
（2）So far, our country a lot.
Yes, I agree with you.
A. change B. changed C. changes D. has changed
（3）Everything in our school since 2009. Now, it very modern.
A. is changed; is looked B. is changed; looks
C. has changed; is looked D. has changed; looks
（4）There great changes in such kind of PDAs (常上电脑) in the last few years.
A. has been B. have been C. has had D. have had
二、You used to be so kind to me!
【知识点一】：used to
过去常常
used to do sth 过去经常，以前常常；否定式 didn’t use 或者 usedn’t；此处 to 是动词不定式符号，后加动词原形
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于（做某事）；此处 to 是个介词，后加名词或动名词
be used to do sth （被动语态结构）被用来做某事
【难点】：used to do sth的否定句和疑问句形式
自身否定：used not to do sth = usedn’t to do sth
助动词否定：didn’t use to do sth
如：I used not to like milk. I didn’t use to like milk.
自身疑问：Used+主语+to do sth
助动词疑问：Did+主语+use to do sth
如：Used she to like Tom = Did she use to like Tom
反义疑问句：Usedn’t+主语+to do sth Didn’t+主语+use to do sth
如：Used she to like Tom Did she use to like Tom
【拓展】there be——there used to be 过去常常有
如：There used to be a lot of fish in this river.
（1）On summer evenings, Grandpa used to funny stories to us children.
A.used to B.say C.tell D.talk
（2）Is your father a teacher Well, he .
A.used to B. likes to C. used to be D. would be
（3） get up early and take an hour’s walk before breakfast
A. Did you used to B. Used you C. Did you use D. Used you to
（4）My aunt goes to climb Mount Gu every Sunday.
Oh But she hate climbing mountains.
A.used to B. use to C. uses to D. is used to
（5）Mother us stories when we were young.
A.was used to tell B. is used to telling
C. used to tell D. used to telling
（6）He used to in a small village, but now he has been used to in the big city.
A.live; living B. live; live C. living; living D. living; live （7）When he was young, he worked on a farm. (同义句转换）
He a farmer.
（8）There used to be a cinema at the corner of the street.(反义疑问句)
There used to be a cinema at the corner of the street, （9）There used (be) a factory in the past.
（10）Her parents used to in the city, but now they get used to in the beautiful countryside.
A.live; live B. living; live C. live; living D. living; living
（11）The life we were used to greatly since 1992.
A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
（12）Our city is cleaner than it be.
A.is used to B.used to C.uses to D.is used
（13）Dick in America, but he has been Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live; used to eating B. is used to live; used to eat
C. is used to live; used to eating D. used to living; used to eat
（14）There a big river in front of the house, but now it has turned into farmlands．
A.used to have B.used to be
C.is used to having D.is used to be
【知识点二】：so
1、(adv.) 如 此/
2、后面接形容词、副词
3、结构：so...that ：如此以至于
如：They bought so much beef that some went bad.
4、作副词的另一个意思：如此、这样
如：I think/ believe/ am afraid so.
5、(conj.) 因为，所以
三、past
1、past(n.)：过去
如：in the past 在过去/
2、past(prep.)：经过，路过，从旁边经过
through：在一定的空间中穿过
如：A train is going through the tunnel.
I went through the forest.
across：横穿
如：He is running across the road.
over：翻过
如：climb over the wall/ mountain
3、pass(v.) 经过；传递
pass sth. to sb.= pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人
（1）The film tells us Beijing’s past and . (现在)
（2）Go the street, walk the post office, and the street, and you will see the book shop in front of you.
A. along; pass; cross B. along; past; across
C. along; past; go across D. on; past; go cross
（3）When he walked my desk，he knocked my books the floor．
A. passed; away B. past; onto
C. passed; off D. past; off
四、Well, there were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.
【知识点一】：too many
too many “太多的”，接可数名词复数 There are too many cakes on the table.
too much “太多的”，接不可数名词 There are too much milk in the glass.
much too “太”，接形容词或副词，表程度 My jeans are much too tight.
（1）My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food.
A.too much; too many B.too many; too much
C.much too; too much D.too much; much too
（2）Are you free this afternoon, Timmy Oh, I’m very busy. I have books to read.
A.too much B.too many C. much too D.many too
【知识点二】：固定句型
1、It takes sb st. to do sth.
2、it：形式主语 to do：真主语/
3、其他的花费
spend(spent—spent) 主语是人 spend + 金钱/时间 + on sth spend + 金钱/时间 + (in) doing sth
cost(cost—cost) 主语是物 sth. costs sb.+ 金 钱
take(took—taken) it 作形式主语 It takes sb st. to do sth.
pay(paid—paid) 主语是人 pay + 金 钱 + for sth.
too many “太多的”，接可数名词复数 There are too many cakes on the table.
too much “太多的”，接不可数名词 There are too much milk in the glass.
much too “太”，接形容词或副词，表程度 My jeans are much too tight.
【Reading】
一、I’ve lived here since I was born. Have you ever moved house
【知识点一】：since
1、(prep.) 自从…以来 与现在完成时连用
如：It’s been years since I enjoyed myself so much as last night.
2、提问：how long
3、(conj.) 因为，既然
八上Unit8 Natural disasters ‘A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
如：Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.
4、句型：It is + 时间段 + since + 句子
（1）I haven’t heard from Bill he left here.
A. when B. before C. since D. while
（2）Good to see you again. It’s almost three years we met last time.
A. until B. before C. while D. since
（3）Mr.White came to our school in 2008, and since then he us English.
A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. will teach
（4） have you been in the sports club
Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon
（5） has Dongtai Railway Station been in use
Since 2001.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
（6）Mr. White comes from London and has lived in Suzhou 1997.
A. in B. until C. for D. since
【知识点二】：move house
1、搬家
搬家英文可以表达为“move”或者“move house”“move home”
如：When are you moving, and where are you moving to
We are moving (house) next month.
2、move(v.) 使……感动/
3、moving adj. 感 人的 moved adj. 感动的
二、Ifirst lived in the northern part of town with my parents. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since then.
【知识点一】：东西南北的表达
1、东西南北的形容词性，在名词后面加 ern 构成形容词/
2、east——eastern south——southern
west——western north——northern
3、转换：the east of ... = the eastern part of ...
（1）The museum is in the (north) part of the city.
（2）Taiwan is in the part of China. It’s famous for the delicious fruit.
A. east B. eastern C. south D. southern
【知识点二】：marry
1.marry sb. 嫁给／娶某人
2.marry A to B 把 A 嫁 给 B
3.get married 结婚（动作）
4.be married to sb. 与某人结婚（状态）
5.get married to sb. 与某人结婚（动作）
如：Mr son’s getting married next week.
6.易错点：介词是 to 不是 with
（1）How long have Mr. and Mrs. Smith
For more than twenty years.
A. married B. had married C. got married D. been married （2）Do you know when your mother your father
A. will marry B. married with C. got married D. got married to
（3）Mary married a man called Jack last year. (同义句转换）
Mary a man called Jack last year.
（4）How long have your parents been
For about 16 years. (marry)
（6）Do you enjoy the life with him
Yes, I have already been him for two years.
A. married with B. marry with
C. married to D. married
（7）How long they
Sorry, I don’t know. But I know that Mr. Chen is going to a nurse next month.
A. did; marry; marry to B. did; get marry; marry with
C. have; got married; marry D. have; been married; marry （8）When did your father your mother
A. marry B. marry to
C. marry with D. get married
【知识点三】：since then
1.自从那时起
2.如果对 since then 提问,要用 how long
如果对 then 提问，要用 since when
（1）The man has lived in Sunshine Town since then.(对划线部分提问)
the man lived in Sunshine Town
（2）The man has lived in Sunshine Town since then.(对划线部分提问)
the man lived in Sunshine Town
三、Has the town changed a lot over the years Yes! We only had some small restaurant shops years ago.
【知识点一】：change a lot
1、改变了许多
（1）Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years (两种同义句转换)
great changes in Sunshine Town over the years
there a lot of changes in Sunshine Town over the years
（2）这些年来，我们学校已经发生了巨大的变化
Our school .
【知识点二】：over the years
1、这些年来/
2、over：在……时期或期间
3、over 的其他意思：
结束：Class is over.
高于……，在……上方：Over your head.
越过： jump over the wall
（1）Lily, why are you still here School is over for half an hour.
Because I my task yet. I still need one more hour.
A. won’t finish B. didn’t finish
C. haven’t finished D. hadn’t finished
（2）Our team (raise)over 2000 yuan so far．
【知识点三】：years ago
1、几年前，用于一般过去时中
（1）I did my homework hours .
A.before B. later C. ago D.late
（2）I saw the film two days .
A. ago B. before C. after D. late
（3）Have you found the book
Yes, I it five minutes .
A. have found; before B. found; before
C. has found; ago D. found; ago
四、Was pollution a problem then Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.
【知识点一】：pollution
1、不可数名词：污染
oil pollution 石油污染 food pollution 食品污染
lake pollution 湖泊污染 soil pollution 土壤污染
（1）The noise (pollute) is a big problem.
（2）因为水污染，许多美丽的鱼正濒临灭绝。
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing .
【知识点二】：realize
1.使……实现 realize your dream
2.意识到…… realize the importance of ......
3.realize+sth realize+从句
4.realization (n.)
（1）Teenagers should do what they can their achievements.
A. to realize B. realize C. realized D. will realize
（2）How time flies! It's already twelve o'clock.
Oh, really I it at all.
A. don't realize B. didn't realize
C. haven't realized D. hadn't realized
（3）I haven’t decided where to go. Do you have any good ideas
I that we go swimming.
A. promise B. agree C. realize D suggest
（4）唯有在失去健康之后，我们才能意识到健康的重要性。
We will not of health we lose our health.
【知识点三】：improve
1.改善，变得更好
如：improve the situation 改善这种状况，改变现状
2.improvement (n.)改善，改进
（1）We all know much attention should be paid to (improve) the air quality now.
（2）我们必须采取行动来改善这种状况。
We must to the .
（3）他们已经采取措施来改善这种处境了。
They have the situation.
五、Well, in some ways it is. It’s really nice to have a beautiful modern town. However, most of my old friends have moved away. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.
【知识点一】：in some ways
1.在某些方面
2.与 way 相关的短语：all the way 一路上，自始至终
by the way 顺便说一下
find one’s way out (of) 设法走出，摆脱
in any way 无论如何，在任何情况下
in this way 这样，以这种方式
lose one’s way 迷 路
no way 绝不
one one’s way to 到……途中，在去……的路上
(1)这些猫在某些方面像狗。
The cats are .
【知识点二】：however
(1)(conj.) 但是，然而
(2)注意与与 but 区分开
【知识点三】：句型
1.It + adj. + to do
2.如果想要突出不定式的动作是谁，可以加上 for sb./ of sb.
3.of：人的性格、品质（kind、nice、rude、clever、silly、foolish）
4.for：事物的特点（easy、hard、difficult、important、necessary） (1)What a(n) girl! She often leaves things somewhere.
I think it's for her to make a change right now.
A. careless; unpossible B. uncareful; impossible
C. careless; impossible D. uncareful; possible
(2)Was it possible for our team (lose) the game in the last 3 minutes
(3)When John lost his job, he found to get a new one.
A. that’s impossible B. impossible
C. that impossible D. it impossible
【知识点四】：impossible
1.(adj.) 不可能的
2.possibility (n.) 可能性
3.构词法：否定前缀 im-、un、in、ir、dis
polite—impolite 礼貌的—不礼貌的
proper—improper 恰当的—不恰当的
necessary—unnecessary 必要的—不必要的
friendly—unfriendly 友好的—不友好的
correct—incorrect 正确的—不正确的
expensive—inexpensive 昂贵的—不昂贵的
regular—irregular 规律的—不规律的
honest—dishonest 诚实的—不诚实的
(1)Nothing is in the world if you put your hear into it. (possible)
(2)It’s (possible) for her to finish the difficult work in five minutes.
(
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【知识点五】：as often as before
1.像以前一样经常
2.as…as 中间形容词、副词原级
(1)John plays football , if not better than, David.
A.as well B. as well as C. so well D. such well
(2)If you want to improve your football skill, you should practice as as possible.
A. many B. more C. most D. much
(3)朱迪像沙拉一样时常去看电影。
Judy goes to the movie Sara does.
六、Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. Anyway, it’s good to see the amazing changes in the town.
【知识点一】：a bit
1.a bit 一点
如：It’s a bit cold and dry, but there are no snowstorms here.
2.not a bit 一点也不 not a little 很多
3.a little bit：比 a bit 的程度小
4.a bit / a little/ a little bit + 形容词/ 形容词比较级
a little/ a bit of + 不可数名词
（1）一点儿钱
（2）感到有点儿冷
（3）比往常早点儿
（4）患了点(轻微)感冒
（5）There is water in the glass.
（6）He felt tired.
（7）Please give him something to eat right now. He is not hungry.
A. a bit B. at all C./ D. a little
（8）Jack, do you feel nervous when you speak in class
No, but I used to be.
A. a bit B. a bit of C. a few D. a few of
（9）Will you please turn down the radio
（10）I’ve got only money with me today. I’m afraid I can’t help you.
【知识点二】：from time to time
1.时不时：偶尔，时常
2.同义词：sometimes
3.与 time 相关的短语：
at the same time 同时 in time 及时；适时
on time 按时，准时；按时 all the time 始终，一直
at a time 一次；每次；在某时 for the first time 首次；第一次
4.常用句型
What time is it (=What’s the time )
It’s time for/to do sth.
There is no time to do sth
（1）We are going to begin our meeting at 8:00. Please be here . Don’t be late.
A. at times B. in time C. on time D. from time to time
（2）The old man feels a bit lonely .
A. at time B. on time C. from time to time D. in time
（3）Can you come for an interview this Monday
No problem. I’m free an interview any time.
A. for ; at B. for ; in C. to ; at D. for; on
七、lonely — not happy because of being alone; Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
【知识点一】：lonely
1.指心灵上的孤单寂寞
2.alone 指形单影只，一个人，独自
3.alone = by oneself = on one’s own
（1）Are you afraid of at home, Linda
No. I’ve grown up.
A.alone B. being alone C. lonely D. being lonely
（2）Though his grandmother lives , she never feels .
A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely
C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone
（3）My grandfather lives in the countryside but never feels .
A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. along, lonely D. alone, along
（4）My cousin felt when she studied in London.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; lonely C. alone; alone D. lonely; alone
【知识点二】：because of
1、后面接短语、代词、名词等/
2、because 只接句子，引导原因状语从句
（1）He didn’t go on working the heavy rain.
A. because B. because of C. since D. for
（2）The boy wants to go to school he wants to have a good education, but not duty.
A. because; so B. because; because of C. so; because D. so; because of
【知识点三】：take place
1.发生
2.同义词：happen
3.无被动
Great changes in our hometown.
A. has happened B. has taken place
C. have taken place D. have been happened
八、Tell me more about your interview with Mr.Chen, Millie. Has he lived in Sunshine Town all his life
What was the town like in the past
【知识点一】：interview
1.(n.) 采 访
2.an interview with sb：对某人的采访
3.(n.) 面 试
4.(v.) 采 访
5.interviewer(n.) 采访者 interviewee(n.) 被采访者
(1)Yesterday DTTV had interview with Liu Chang, a young actor born in Dongtai.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
(2)Millie will have several (采访) with some students about their pocket money.
(3)Don’t go out this afternoon. A reporter you.
A. has an interview to B. has an interview with
C. will have an interview to D. will have an interview with
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)
【知识点二】：all one’s life
(1)一辈子，终身
【知识点三】：in the past
(1)过去，从前
【Grammar】
Present perfect tense (现在完成时)
【结构】
have/has+ p.p.(动词过去分词)！
【定义】
时 态 对其含义的理解 谓语动词特征 结构特点
现在 完成时 (1)过去发生的动作已完成，对现在有影响 通常不“延续” 不能出现表示段时间的状语
(2)过去的动作或状态没有完成，一直“延续”到现在(说话时) 通常要“延续” 句中通常出现由 for、since 引导的时间状语
【基本句式】
肯定句：主语+have / has +过去分词+其他成分；
否定句：主语+haven’t / hasn’t+过去分词+其他成分
简略回答：Yes, 主语+have / has. No, 主语+haven’t / hasn’t.
【标志词】
常和副词 already, yet, ever, never, just, before, recently 等以及 since, for 引导的时间状语连用
just 刚 刚 already (肯定句)已经 ever 曾经 never 从不
recently 最近 since 自……以来 before 以前 for 一段时间
yet(一般问句)已经 yet(否定句)还
over/in/during the past/last…years 在过去的…年中 so far / up to now 截止目前，到re目c前en为tl止y
1.since (prep. / conj.) “自从…以来”。since 通常引导时间短语或从句，主句时态为现在完成时。
（1）since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
（2）since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
（3）since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
（4）It is +一段时间+ since 从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
2.recently (adv.) 意为“近来，最近”，可用于陈述句、否定句和疑问句中，常置于句末。
recent (adj.) 最近的
He has been out of work (最近).
When can you see in the old photo and the (最近) photo
3.already 常用于肯定句，意思是“已经”，而 yet 常用于否定句和疑问句，意思是“还”
【过去分词的基本构成】
1.原形+ed work→ worked
2.词尾为-e 时 只需加-d love→ loved
3.词尾为“辅音字母+y 时”，将-y 改为-i，再加-e d study→ studied
4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节时，将最后的辅音字母双写后再加-ed prefer→ preferred stop→ stopped rob→ robbed plan→ planned
【句型】
1.It is the first / second... time that.. 结构中的从句部分用现在完成时．
如：It is the first time that I haw visited the city.
2.This is the... that…结构中的“that”从句部分要用现在完成时
如：This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen.
【考点剖析】
一、考察其构成
“助动词 have/has+ p.p. (动词过去分词)”构成现在完成时
（1）Kate’s never seen Chinese films,
A. hasn’t she B. has she C.isn’t she D. is she
（2）His uncle has already posted the photos to him.(改为否定句)
His uncle posted the photos to him .
二、考査其用法与标志词
(一)当句中有 never、ever、just、already、yet、before、necently、so far 等时，常用现在完成时
（1）Mum, may I go out and play basketball
you your homework yet
A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing
C. Did; finish D. Have; finished
（2） you anywhere before
Yes, but I can’t remember where I .
A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed
（3）Holly has fed the dog, but she hasn't watered the plants .
A still; already B. already; yet C. yet; still D. yet; already （4）You have never been to Japan,
. I've only been to the UK.
A. have you; Yes, I have B. haven't you; Yes, I haven't
C. have you; No, I haven't D. haven't you; No, I have
（5）Have you ever (write) a letter to your parents
(二)当句中有“for+段时间”或“since +点时间”时，主句常用现在完成时，且谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表示状态的词或短语。(这是八年级下册 Unit2 的语法重点)如：
（1）His brother has been to Stone Forest twice he came to Yunnan.
A. after B. before C. since D. for
（2）Tom the CD player for two weeks.
A. has lent B. has borrowed
C. has bought D. has had
（3）I a letter from him since he left.
A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C.didn’t have D. haven’t heard
（4）He has worked in the city three years ago while his wife has been here only one month.
A. since , for B. since, since C. for, since D. for, since
（5）It （rain）for a week.
三、考察 have/ has been (to/ in)与 have/ has gone (to)的区别 (八下 Unit2 着重讲解)
（1）Have you ever Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors
Yes, I have.
A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to
（2）My parents Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been （3）Where is Mr Liu
He to Yancheng. He will be back in three days.
A. will go B. went C. has gone D. has been
（4）Is your father in
No, he for three hours.
A. was out B. has been out C. went out D. has gone out
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别
（1）Sun’s aunt has gone there for ten years. (改成正确的句子)
句型转换：
非延续性动词与“段时间”连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型“It’s+段时间+since+从句”进行句子转换
（2）Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)
more than ten years Susan to this city.
（3）I won’t go to the concert because I my ticket.
A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. lose
【典型题练习】
（1）He has cleaned his shoes.(就画线部分提问)
he
（2）I’ve got several science books. (就画线部分提问)
science books
（3）China’s high-speed railways from 9,000 to 29,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B. were growing C. will grow D. have grown
（4）The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.
Oh, what a pity! I any of them yet.
A. doesn’t watch B. didn’t watch
C. won’t watch D. haven’t watched
（5） my coats
Yes, I saw them on your bed ten minutes ago.
A. Did you see B. Will you see
C.Would you see D.Have you seen
（6） your physics book
Yes, I it a few minutes ago.
A. Will you find; have found B.Have you found; found
C. Did you find; have found D.Do you find; found
（7） your homework yet Not yet. I it.
A. Are you doing; have done B. Will you do; am going to do
C. Did you do; still do D. Have you done; am still doing
（8）If you it, you it.
A. will lose; must pay for B. have lost; must pay for
C. lose; should pay D. have lost; should pay
（9）She is the most beautiful girl I have seen.
A. never B. not C. ever D. yet
（10）I won’t go to see the film tonight, because I my ticket.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn’t lose
（11）Have you found the book
Yes, I it five minutes .
A. have found; before B. found; before
C. have found; ago D. found; ago
（12）They haven’t paid for their tickets, have they
. They didn’t pay any money.
A. Yes, they have B. No, they haven’t
C. Yes, they haven’t D. No, they have
（13） you your homework
Not yet, but I it in an hour.
A. Have; done; did B. Did; finish; will do
C. Have; done; will finish D. Did; do; finish
（14）Would you like to watch the three-D film Titanic with me
Certainly. I don’t mind seeing it again although I it twice.
A. saw B. was seen C. have seen
（15）It’s the first time that Tom has been to the Summer Palace,
A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he C. hasn’t it
（16）They say there’s a new restaurant nearby.
Yes, and it for no more than a week.
A. has been open B. opens C. is opening
（17）Do you know our town at all
No, this is the first time I here.
A. was B. have been C. came
（18）Have you been to our town before
A. even; come B. even; have come
C. ever; come D. ever; have come
（19）在过去的几年里，我们为了美化城市种了许多树。
In the past few years, .
（20）Since last August, the old lady (have) bad headaches three to four times a month.
（21）Xiao Li promised to chat with me on the Internet, but so far he (not do) so.
（22）Is everyone here
No, sir. Jim (not arrive) yet. He is still on the way.
（23）I can’t find the new road on my mobile phone. Are you sure you’ve got the name right
Yes. But you (download) the latest map
（24）Jim (return) your book already. He (return) it to you two days ago.
（25）How many times your father (be) to the United States
（26）The room is very dirty. Why you (not clean) it yet
（27）Mum, I (finish) practising the piano. May I go to play football now
（28）“I (fail) over and over again in my life and that is why I succeed,” said Michael Jordan, a famous basketball player.
一、 Have you seen any films recently, Sandy It's about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I have learned more about Beijing’s past and present.
【知识点一】：recently
1.(adv.) 最 近
2.recent (adj.)
3.recently 常与现在完成时搭配使用
（1） (最近), citizens in Luhe have got the chance to experience a self-service store.
【知识点二】：over the past century
1.在过去的一个世纪中
2.相当于 in/during the past century
3.其常与现在完成时搭配使用！
4.表示“几世纪”，我们常用序数词与 century 搭配使用
如：21 世纪 the twenty-first century (the 21st century)
（1）At the beginning of the (twenty) century, the world's population was about 1,700 million.
（2）在过去的一个世纪里，这座村庄发生了巨大的变化。
In the village great changes .
【知识点三】：Beijing’s past and present
1.(n.) 现在，目前 [’preznt]
短语：at present＝at the moment＝right now 目前，现在
如：He is washing his clothes at present. 现在他正在洗衣服。
2.(n.) 礼 物=gift [’preznt]
短语：a birthday present 一份生日礼物
3.(adj.) 目前的，现在的 [’preznt]
短语：your present job 你目前的工作the present situation 目前的形势
4.(vt.) 介绍；出现；提出；赠送 [pri’zent]
短语：present sth. with sb. 授予某人某物
（1）The famous singer has agreed the prizes at the prize giving ceremony.
A. to present B. present C. to presenting D. presenting
（2）Look, the Maths teacher with his students on the grass to have a good rest at present.
A. is lying B. is lieing C. are lying D. be lying
【Integrated skills】
Living condition： old houses
【知识点一】：condition
1．(n.) 环境，条件
2．(n.) 状 态
in/ out of condition：状况好
be in good/ bad condition：处于好的状态
（1）Luckily for the villagers, their living (条件) have improved greatly.
二、Starlight Town has changed a lot over the years. She’s just returned from the USA. She went abroad with her parents.
【知识点一】：over the years
1.在过去的几年里
2.其常与现在完成时搭配使用
【知识点二】：return
1．(vi.) return from、 return to 返回，回来； 恢复
如： When are you returning home/ returning to London
What time does your wife return from work
2．(vt.) return sth to sb. ＝give sth．back to sb. 把某物还给某人
return (不可与back搭配使用)
如： I'm going to the library to return my books.
（1）You’d better these books the library as soon as possible.
A. give; back B. return; back C. return back; to D. return; to
（2）When did your mother home
A. return B. return to C. return back D. return back to
（3）You should return the book on time .= You should on time.
（4）The students returned to school just now.= The students just now.
【知识点三】：abroad
1.(adv.) 到国外；在国外；海外
2.abroad 是个副词，前面一般不能用介词，但 from 除外
3.broad (adv)在国外= in a foreign country 到国外 = to a foreign country
4.几个惯用词组：go/travel abroad 到国外去
live abroad 住在国外
at home and abroad 在国内外
from abroad 从国外，从海外
student studying abroad 留学生
(拓展内容)注意学习 abroad 的其他含义：
5.广泛地；流行；到处传开
如：A rumor is abroad. 谣言四处传播
去国外留学 study
去国外学习深造 go for further study
上周他去国外了。Last week, he .
你曾去过国外吗？
He has lived for many years.
A. to abroad B. in abroad C. on abroad D. abroad
（6）Mr. Lau has been to a foreign country only one time. (同义句转换)
Mr. Lau has only .
三、So how do you keep in touch with each other We mainly communicate by email. The Internet makes communication much easier.
【知识点一】：touch
1.(v.) 碰至触着，贴着
触动，打动，使受感动
如：His sad story so touched us that we nearly cried.
2.不可数名词：联系
get in touch with 与……取得联系 (强调动作)
lose touch with 失去联系 (强调动作)
out of touch with 失去联系 (强调状态)
keep in touch with = be in touch with 保持联系(强调状态)
（1）Here is my card. Let’s keep in .
A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship
【知识点二】：communicate
1．(vt.) (with) 交流意见(感情、消息等)；沟通
2.communicate with sb. 与某人交流，沟通
3.communication(n.)：be in communication with sb. 与某人进行沟通如：I am in communication with him on this subject.
（1）It’s useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.
Yes, it’s a major way of for them.
A. suggestion B. vacation C. production D. communication
（2）The Queqiao satellite (卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. (2018 扬州中考)
A. contribution B. communication C. celebration D. competition
（3）US scientist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of is done through body language.
A. application B. pronunciation C. introduction D. communication
【知识点三】：by mail
通过使用邮件的方式(by 表示方式、手段)
by telephone 用电话；on the phone 在电话里
(
20
)
【Study skills &Task】
一、It is not easy to get sued to the changes of the life quickly.
【知识点一】：get used to
1、习惯于
2、get used to = be used to：习惯于，适应于
3、后面接： 名词/ 代词/ doing
4、难点：注意区分 used to do、 be used to do
（1）Some old people are not used to in the city with their children. (live)
二、Now I go to school by bus on my own.
【知识点一】：on my own
1.单独、独自
2.of one’s own：属于某人自己的……
三、Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
【知识点一】：enjoy a comfortable life
1．享受闲适的生活
2.life：生活，不可数名词
3.但是 life 前如有修饰词语时，可以与 a 搭配使用
如： live/ lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活
live/lead a hard life 过着艰辛的生活
Everyone leads in the new society.
A. a happy life B. happy living C. happy lives D. happy life
答案：
【知识点一】：现在完成时
haven’t found C B
【知识点二】：just
C has gone lost
【知识点三】：change
C D D B
【知识点一】：used to
CCDACA used to be usedn’t there to be CBBAB
三、past
present CB
【知识点一】：too many
CB
【知识点一】：since
CDCBAD
【知识点一】：东西南北的表达
northern D
【知识点二】：marry
DD got married to married CDA
【知识点三】：since then
How long has Since when has
【知识点一】：change a lot
Has been has changed a lot over the years
【知识点二】：over the years
C has raised
【知识点三】：years ago
CAD
【知识点一】：pollution
pollution because of water pollution
【知识点二】：realize
ABD realize the importance until
【知识点三】：improve
to improve take action improve situation taken actions to improve
【知识点一】：in some ways
like dogs in some ways
【知识点三】：句型
C to lose D
【知识点四】：impossible
impossible impossible
【知识点五】：as often as before
B D as often as
【知识点一】：a bit
a bit of money/ a little money
feel a bit/ a little loney
a bit/ a little earlier than usual
have a bit of/ a little cold
a bit of / a little
a bit / a little
DA
a bit / a little
a little/ a bit of
【知识点二】：from time to time
CCA
【知识点一】：lonely
DCAD
【知识点二】：because of
BB
【知识点三】：take place
C
【知识点一】：interview
B interviews D
recent (adj.) 最近的
recently recent
一、考察其构成
B hasn’t yet
二、考査其用法与标志词
DBBC written
(二)CDBA has rained
三、考察 have/ has been (to/ in)与 have/ has gone (to)的区别
DACD
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别
Sun’s aunt has been there for ten years.
Sun’s aunt was there years ago.
It’s since went C
【典型题练习】
What has done How many have you got DDDBDBCDBCCBABD
we have planted many trees to make the city beautiful
has had hasn’t done hasn’t arrived have downloaded has returned returned has been haven’t cleaned have finished have failed
【知识点一】：recently
Recently
【知识点二】：over the past century
twentieth
have taken place in this village
【知识点三】：Beijing’s past and present
AA
【知识点一】：condition
conditions
【知识点二】：return
DA give the book back came back
【知识点三】：abroad
abroad abroad went abroad have you ever been abroad D been abroad once
【知识点一】：touch
A
【知识点二】：communicate
DBD
【知识点一】：get used to
living
【知识点一】：enjoy a comfortable life
A
(
13
)
【Comic strip & welcome to the unit】
一、Eddie, have you seen my food Yes. I’ve just seen eaten it. You’ve changed, Eddie.
【知识点一】：现在完成时
have/has+done
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
1、The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you (not find) it yet, keep looking. (
1
)
2、Do you know that we won the football match
Yes, I the news.
A.hear B.to hear C. have just heard D. just have heard
3、She’s been to shanghai before,
A. isn’t she B. hasn’t she C. has she
【知识点二】：just
1、(adv.) 刚刚,刚才,方才
2、just 常常用于现在完成时中
如：You’re too late, the train has just left.
3、just now 用于一般过去时中，相当于 a moment ago
4、相关短语：just then“就在那时”也是一般过去时
如：The train left just now/ a moment ago.
（1）I’m not hungry because I have had lunch.
A. ever B. never C. just D. still
（2）Where’s John
He just (go) to the teachers’ office.
（3）I couldn’t go into the room. I (1ose) my key just now．
【知识点三】：change
1、(v.) 改变
Change…into…：变成……
2、可数名词：改变
如：There are many changes in our country.
3、不可数名词：零钱
（1）Great changes in our hometown.
A. has happened B. has taken place
C. have taken place D. have been happened
（2）So far, our country a lot.
Yes, I agree with you.
A. change B. changed C. changes D. has changed
（3）Everything in our school since 2009. Now, it very modern.
A. is changed; is looked B. is changed; looks
C. has changed; is looked D. has changed; looks
（4）There great changes in such kind of PDAs (常上电脑) in the last few years.
A. has been B. have been C. has had D. have had
二、You used to be so kind to me!
【知识点一】：used to
过去常常
used to do sth 过去经常，以前常常；否定式 didn’t use 或者 usedn’t；此处 to 是动词不定式符号，后加动词原形
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于（做某事）；此处 to 是个介词，后加名词或动名词
be used to do sth （被动语态结构）被用来做某事
【难点】：used to do sth的否定句和疑问句形式
自身否定：used not to do sth = usedn’t to do sth
助动词否定：didn’t use to do sth
如：I used not to like milk. I didn’t use to like milk.
自身疑问：Used+主语+to do sth
助动词疑问：Did+主语+use to do sth
如：Used she to like Tom = Did she use to like Tom
反义疑问句：Usedn’t+主语+to do sth Didn’t+主语+use to do sth
如：Used she to like Tom Did she use to like Tom
【拓展】there be——there used to be 过去常常有
如：There used to be a lot of fish in this river.
（1）On summer evenings, Grandpa used to funny stories to us children.
A.used to B.say C.tell D.talk
（2）Is your father a teacher Well, he .
A.used to B. likes to C. used to be D. would be
（3） get up early and take an hour’s walk before breakfast
A. Did you used to B. Used you C. Did you use D. Used you to
（4）My aunt goes to climb Mount Gu every Sunday.
Oh But she hate climbing mountains.
A.used to B. use to C. uses to D. is used to
（5）Mother us stories when we were young.
A.was used to tell B. is used to telling
C. used to tell D. used to telling
（6）He used to in a small village, but now he has been used to in the big city.
A.live; living B. live; live C. living; living D. living; live （7）When he was young, he worked on a farm. (同义句转换）
He a farmer.
（8）There used to be a cinema at the corner of the street.(反义疑问句)
There used to be a cinema at the corner of the street, （9）There used (be) a factory in the past.
（10）Her parents used to in the city, but now they get used to in the beautiful countryside.
A.live; live B. living; live C. live; living D. living; living
（11）The life we were used to greatly since 1992.
A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
（12）Our city is cleaner than it be.
A.is used to B.used to C.uses to D.is used
（13）Dick in America, but he has been Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live; used to eating B. is used to live; used to eat
C. is used to live; used to eating D. used to living; used to eat
（14）There a big river in front of the house, but now it has turned into farmlands．
A.used to have B.used to be
C.is used to having D.is used to be
【知识点二】：so
1、(adv.) 如 此/
2、后面接形容词、副词
3、结构：so...that ：如此以至于
如：They bought so much beef that some went bad.
4、作副词的另一个意思：如此、这样
如：I think/ believe/ am afraid so.
5、(conj.) 因为，所以
三、past
1、past(n.)：过去
如：in the past 在过去/
2、past(prep.)：经过，路过，从旁边经过
through：在一定的空间中穿过
如：A train is going through the tunnel.
I went through the forest.
across：横穿
如：He is running across the road.
over：翻过
如：climb over the wall/ mountain
3、pass(v.) 经过；传递
pass sth. to sb.= pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人
（1）The film tells us Beijing’s past and . (现在)
（2）Go the street, walk the post office, and the street, and you will see the book shop in front of you.
A. along; pass; cross B. along; past; across
C. along; past; go across D. on; past; go cross
（3）When he walked my desk，he knocked my books the floor．
A. passed; away B. past; onto
C. passed; off D. past; off
四、Well, there were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.
【知识点一】：too many
too many “太多的”，接可数名词复数 There are too many cakes on the table.
too much “太多的”，接不可数名词 There are too much milk in the glass.
much too “太”，接形容词或副词，表程度 My jeans are much too tight.
（1）My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food.
A.too much; too many B.too many; too much
C.much too; too much D.too much; much too
（2）Are you free this afternoon, Timmy Oh, I’m very busy. I have books to read.
A.too much B.too many C. much too D.many too
【知识点二】：固定句型
1、It takes sb st. to do sth.
2、it：形式主语 to do：真主语/
3、其他的花费
spend(spent—spent) 主语是人 spend + 金钱/时间 + on sth spend + 金钱/时间 + (in) doing sth
cost(cost—cost) 主语是物 sth. costs sb.+ 金 钱
take(took—taken) it 作形式主语 It takes sb st. to do sth.
pay(paid—paid) 主语是人 pay + 金 钱 + for sth.
too many “太多的”，接可数名词复数 There are too many cakes on the table.
too much “太多的”，接不可数名词 There are too much milk in the glass.
much too “太”，接形容词或副词，表程度 My jeans are much too tight.
【Reading】
一、I’ve lived here since I was born. Have you ever moved house
【知识点一】：since
1、(prep.) 自从…以来 与现在完成时连用
如：It’s been years since I enjoyed myself so much as last night.
2、提问：how long
3、(conj.) 因为，既然
八上Unit8 Natural disasters ‘A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
如：Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.
4、句型：It is + 时间段 + since + 句子
（1）I haven’t heard from Bill he left here.
A. when B. before C. since D. while
（2）Good to see you again. It’s almost three years we met last time.
A. until B. before C. while D. since
（3）Mr.White came to our school in 2008, and since then he us English.
A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. will teach
（4） have you been in the sports club
Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon
（5） has Dongtai Railway Station been in use
Since 2001.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
（6）Mr. White comes from London and has lived in Suzhou 1997.
A. in B. until C. for D. since
【知识点二】：move house
1、搬家
搬家英文可以表达为“move”或者“move house”“move home”
如：When are you moving, and where are you moving to
We are moving (house) next month.
2、move(v.) 使……感动/
3、moving adj. 感 人的 moved adj. 感动的
二、Ifirst lived in the northern part of town with my parents. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since then.
【知识点一】：东西南北的表达
1、东西南北的形容词性，在名词后面加 ern 构成形容词/
2、east——eastern south——southern
west——western north——northern
3、转换：the east of ... = the eastern part of ...
（1）The museum is in the (north) part of the city.
（2）Taiwan is in the part of China. It’s famous for the delicious fruit.
A. east B. eastern C. south D. southern
【知识点二】：marry
1.marry sb. 嫁给／娶某人
2.marry A to B 把 A 嫁 给 B
3.get married 结婚（动作）
4.be married to sb. 与某人结婚（状态）
5.get married to sb. 与某人结婚（动作）
如：Mr son’s getting married next week.
6.易错点：介词是 to 不是 with
（1）How long have Mr. and Mrs. Smith
For more than twenty years.
A. married B. had married C. got married D. been married （2）Do you know when your mother your father
A. will marry B. married with C. got married D. got married to
（3）Mary married a man called Jack last year. (同义句转换）
Mary a man called Jack last year.
（4）How long have your parents been
For about 16 years. (marry)
（6）Do you enjoy the life with him
Yes, I have already been him for two years.
A. married with B. marry with
C. married to D. married
（7）How long they
Sorry, I don’t know. But I know that Mr. Chen is going to a nurse next month.
A. did; marry; marry to B. did; get marry; marry with
C. have; got married; marry D. have; been married; marry （8）When did your father your mother
A. marry B. marry to
C. marry with D. get married
【知识点三】：since then
1.自从那时起
2.如果对 since then 提问,要用 how long
如果对 then 提问，要用 since when
（1）The man has lived in Sunshine Town since then.(对划线部分提问)
the man lived in Sunshine Town
（2）The man has lived in Sunshine Town since then.(对划线部分提问)
the man lived in Sunshine Town
三、Has the town changed a lot over the years Yes! We only had some small restaurant shops years ago.
【知识点一】：change a lot
1、改变了许多
（1）Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years (两种同义句转换)
great changes in Sunshine Town over the years
there a lot of changes in Sunshine Town over the years
（2）这些年来，我们学校已经发生了巨大的变化
Our school .
【知识点二】：over the years
1、这些年来/
2、over：在……时期或期间
3、over 的其他意思：
结束：Class is over.
高于……，在……上方：Over your head.
越过： jump over the wall
（1）Lily, why are you still here School is over for half an hour.
Because I my task yet. I still need one more hour.
A. won’t finish B. didn’t finish
C. haven’t finished D. hadn’t finished
（2）Our team (raise)over 2000 yuan so far．
【知识点三】：years ago
1、几年前，用于一般过去时中
（1）I did my homework hours .
A.before B. later C. ago D.late
（2）I saw the film two days .
A. ago B. before C. after D. late
（3）Have you found the book
Yes, I it five minutes .
A. have found; before B. found; before
C. has found; ago D. found; ago
四、Was pollution a problem then Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.
【知识点一】：pollution
1、不可数名词：污染
oil pollution 石油污染 food pollution 食品污染
lake pollution 湖泊污染 soil pollution 土壤污染
（1）The noise (pollute) is a big problem.
（2）因为水污染，许多美丽的鱼正濒临灭绝。
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing .
【知识点二】：realize
1.使……实现 realize your dream
2.意识到…… realize the importance of ......
3.realize+sth realize+从句
4.realization (n.)
（1）Teenagers should do what they can their achievements.
A. to realize B. realize C. realized D. will realize
（2）How time flies! It's already twelve o'clock.
Oh, really I it at all.
A. don't realize B. didn't realize
C. haven't realized D. hadn't realized
（3）I haven’t decided where to go. Do you have any good ideas
I that we go swimming.
A. promise B. agree C. realize D suggest
（4）唯有在失去健康之后，我们才能意识到健康的重要性。
We will not of health we lose our health.
【知识点三】：improve
1.改善，变得更好
如：improve the situation 改善这种状况，改变现状
2.improvement (n.)改善，改进
（1）We all know much attention should be paid to (improve) the air quality now.
（2）我们必须采取行动来改善这种状况。
We must to the .
（3）他们已经采取措施来改善这种处境了。
They have the situation.
五、Well, in some ways it is. It’s really nice to have a beautiful modern town. However, most of my old friends have moved away. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.
【知识点一】：in some ways
1.在某些方面
2.与 way 相关的短语：all the way 一路上，自始至终
by the way 顺便说一下
find one’s way out (of) 设法走出，摆脱
in any way 无论如何，在任何情况下
in this way 这样，以这种方式
lose one’s way 迷 路
no way 绝不
one one’s way to 到……途中，在去……的路上
(1)这些猫在某些方面像狗。
The cats are .
【知识点二】：however
(1)(conj.) 但是，然而
(2)注意与与 but 区分开
【知识点三】：句型
1.It + adj. + to do
2.如果想要突出不定式的动作是谁，可以加上 for sb./ of sb.
3.of：人的性格、品质（kind、nice、rude、clever、silly、foolish）
4.for：事物的特点（easy、hard、difficult、important、necessary） (1)What a(n) girl! She often leaves things somewhere.
I think it's for her to make a change right now.
A. careless; unpossible B. uncareful; impossible
C. careless; impossible D. uncareful; possible
(2)Was it possible for our team (lose) the game in the last 3 minutes
(3)When John lost his job, he found to get a new one.
A. that’s impossible B. impossible
C. that impossible D. it impossible
【知识点四】：impossible
1.(adj.) 不可能的
2.possibility (n.) 可能性
3.构词法：否定前缀 im-、un、in、ir、dis
polite—impolite 礼貌的—不礼貌的
proper—improper 恰当的—不恰当的
necessary—unnecessary 必要的—不必要的
friendly—unfriendly 友好的—不友好的
correct—incorrect 正确的—不正确的
expensive—inexpensive 昂贵的—不昂贵的
regular—irregular 规律的—不规律的
honest—dishonest 诚实的—不诚实的
(1)Nothing is in the world if you put your hear into it. (possible)
(2)It’s (possible) for her to finish the difficult work in five minutes.
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【知识点五】：as often as before
1.像以前一样经常
2.as…as 中间形容词、副词原级
(1)John plays football , if not better than, David.
A.as well B. as well as C. so well D. such well
(2)If you want to improve your football skill, you should practice as as possible.
A. many B. more C. most D. much
(3)朱迪像沙拉一样时常去看电影。
Judy goes to the movie Sara does.
六、Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. Anyway, it’s good to see the amazing changes in the town.
【知识点一】：a bit
1.a bit 一点
如：It’s a bit cold and dry, but there are no snowstorms here.
2.not a bit 一点也不 not a little 很多
3.a little bit：比 a bit 的程度小
4.a bit / a little/ a little bit + 形容词/ 形容词比较级
a little/ a bit of + 不可数名词
（1）一点儿钱
（2）感到有点儿冷
（3）比往常早点儿
（4）患了点(轻微)感冒
（5）There is water in the glass.
（6）He felt tired.
（7）Please give him something to eat right now. He is not hungry.
A. a bit B. at all C./ D. a little
（8）Jack, do you feel nervous when you speak in class
No, but I used to be.
A. a bit B. a bit of C. a few D. a few of
（9）Will you please turn down the radio
（10）I’ve got only money with me today. I’m afraid I can’t help you.
【知识点二】：from time to time
1.时不时：偶尔，时常
2.同义词：sometimes
3.与 time 相关的短语：
at the same time 同时 in time 及时；适时
on time 按时，准时；按时 all the time 始终，一直
at a time 一次；每次；在某时 for the first time 首次；第一次
4.常用句型
What time is it (=What’s the time )
It’s time for/to do sth.
There is no time to do sth
（1）We are going to begin our meeting at 8:00. Please be here . Don’t be late.
A. at times B. in time C. on time D. from time to time
（2）The old man feels a bit lonely .
A. at time B. on time C. from time to time D. in time
（3）Can you come for an interview this Monday
No problem. I’m free an interview any time.
A. for ; at B. for ; in C. to ; at D. for; on
七、lonely — not happy because of being alone; Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
【知识点一】：lonely
1.指心灵上的孤单寂寞
2.alone 指形单影只，一个人，独自
3.alone = by oneself = on one’s own
（1）Are you afraid of at home, Linda
No. I’ve grown up.
A.alone B. being alone C. lonely D. being lonely
（2）Though his grandmother lives , she never feels .
A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely
C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone
（3）My grandfather lives in the countryside but never feels .
A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. along, lonely D. alone, along
（4）My cousin felt when she studied in London.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; lonely C. alone; alone D. lonely; alone
【知识点二】：because of
1、后面接短语、代词、名词等/
2、because 只接句子，引导原因状语从句
（1）He didn’t go on working the heavy rain.
A. because B. because of C. since D. for
（2）The boy wants to go to school he wants to have a good education, but not duty.
A. because; so B. because; because of C. so; because D. so; because of
【知识点三】：take place
1.发生
2.同义词：happen
3.无被动
Great changes in our hometown.
A. has happened B. has taken place
C. have taken place D. have been happened
八、Tell me more about your interview with Mr.Chen, Millie. Has he lived in Sunshine Town all his life
What was the town like in the past
【知识点一】：interview
1.(n.) 采 访
2.an interview with sb：对某人的采访
3.(n.) 面 试
4.(v.) 采 访
5.interviewer(n.) 采访者 interviewee(n.) 被采访者
(1)Yesterday DTTV had interview with Liu Chang, a young actor born in Dongtai.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
(2)Millie will have several (采访) with some students about their pocket money.
(3)Don’t go out this afternoon. A reporter you.
A. has an interview to B. has an interview with
C. will have an interview to D. will have an interview with
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【知识点二】：all one’s life
(1)一辈子，终身
【知识点三】：in the past
(1)过去，从前
【Grammar】
Present perfect tense (现在完成时)
【结构】
have/has+ p.p.(动词过去分词)！
【定义】
时 态 对其含义的理解 谓语动词特征 结构特点
现在 完成时 (1)过去发生的动作已完成，对现在有影响 通常不“延续” 不能出现表示段时间的状语
(2)过去的动作或状态没有完成，一直“延续”到现在(说话时) 通常要“延续” 句中通常出现由 for、since 引导的时间状语
【基本句式】
肯定句：主语+have / has +过去分词+其他成分；
否定句：主语+haven’t / hasn’t+过去分词+其他成分
简略回答：Yes, 主语+have / has. No, 主语+haven’t / hasn’t.
【标志词】
常和副词 already, yet, ever, never, just, before, recently 等以及 since, for 引导的时间状语连用
just 刚 刚 already (肯定句)已经 ever 曾经 never 从不
recently 最近 since 自……以来 before 以前 for 一段时间
yet(一般问句)已经 yet(否定句)还
over/in/during the past/last…years 在过去的…年中 so far / up to now 截止目前，到re目c前en为tl止y
1.since (prep. / conj.) “自从…以来”。since 通常引导时间短语或从句，主句时态为现在完成时。
（1）since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
（2）since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
（3）since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
（4）It is +一段时间+ since 从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
2.recently (adv.) 意为“近来，最近”，可用于陈述句、否定句和疑问句中，常置于句末。
recent (adj.) 最近的
He has been out of work (最近).
When can you see in the old photo and the (最近) photo
3.already 常用于肯定句，意思是“已经”，而 yet 常用于否定句和疑问句，意思是“还”
【过去分词的基本构成】
1.原形+ed work→ worked
2.词尾为-e 时 只需加-d love→ loved
3.词尾为“辅音字母+y 时”，将-y 改为-i，再加-e d study→ studied
4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节时，将最后的辅音字母双写后再加-ed prefer→ preferred stop→ stopped rob→ robbed plan→ planned
【句型】
1.It is the first / second... time that.. 结构中的从句部分用现在完成时．
如：It is the first time that I haw visited the city.
2.This is the... that…结构中的“that”从句部分要用现在完成时
如：This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen.
【考点剖析】
一、考察其构成
“助动词 have/has+ p.p. (动词过去分词)”构成现在完成时
（1）Kate’s never seen Chinese films,
A. hasn’t she B. has she C.isn’t she D. is she
（2）His uncle has already posted the photos to him.(改为否定句)
His uncle posted the photos to him .
二、考査其用法与标志词
(一)当句中有 never、ever、just、already、yet、before、necently、so far 等时，常用现在完成时
（1）Mum, may I go out and play basketball
you your homework yet
A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing
C. Did; finish D. Have; finished
（2） you anywhere before
Yes, but I can’t remember where I .
A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed
（3）Holly has fed the dog, but she hasn't watered the plants .
A still; already B. already; yet C. yet; still D. yet; already （4）You have never been to Japan,
. I've only been to the UK.
A. have you; Yes, I have B. haven't you; Yes, I haven't
C. have you; No, I haven't D. haven't you; No, I have
（5）Have you ever (write) a letter to your parents
(二)当句中有“for+段时间”或“since +点时间”时，主句常用现在完成时，且谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表示状态的词或短语。(这是八年级下册 Unit2 的语法重点)如：
（1）His brother has been to Stone Forest twice he came to Yunnan.
A. after B. before C. since D. for
（2）Tom the CD player for two weeks.
A. has lent B. has borrowed
C. has bought D. has had
（3）I a letter from him since he left.
A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C.didn’t have D. haven’t heard
（4）He has worked in the city three years ago while his wife has been here only one month.
A. since , for B. since, since C. for, since D. for, since
（5）It （rain）for a week.
三、考察 have/ has been (to/ in)与 have/ has gone (to)的区别 (八下 Unit2 着重讲解)
（1）Have you ever Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors
Yes, I have.
A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to
（2）My parents Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been （3）Where is Mr Liu
He to Yancheng. He will be back in three days.
A. will go B. went C. has gone D. has been
（4）Is your father in
No, he for three hours.
A. was out B. has been out C. went out D. has gone out
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别
（1）Sun’s aunt has gone there for ten years. (改成正确的句子)
句型转换：
非延续性动词与“段时间”连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型“It’s+段时间+since+从句”进行句子转换
（2）Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)
more than ten years Susan to this city.
（3）I won’t go to the concert because I my ticket.
A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. lose
【典型题练习】
（1）He has cleaned his shoes.(就画线部分提问)
he
（2）I’ve got several science books. (就画线部分提问)
science books
（3）China’s high-speed railways from 9,000 to 29,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B. were growing C. will grow D. have grown
（4）The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.
Oh, what a pity! I any of them yet.
A. doesn’t watch B. didn’t watch
C. won’t watch D. haven’t watched
（5） my coats
Yes, I saw them on your bed ten minutes ago.
A. Did you see B. Will you see
C.Would you see D.Have you seen
（6） your physics book
Yes, I it a few minutes ago.
A. Will you find; have found B.Have you found; found
C. Did you find; have found D.Do you find; found
（7） your homework yet Not yet. I it.
A. Are you doing; have done B. Will you do; am going to do
C. Did you do; still do D. Have you done; am still doing
（8）If you it, you it.
A. will lose; must pay for B. have lost; must pay for
C. lose; should pay D. have lost; should pay
（9）She is the most beautiful girl I have seen.
A. never B. not C. ever D. yet
（10）I won’t go to see the film tonight, because I my ticket.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn’t lose
（11）Have you found the book
Yes, I it five minutes .
A. have found; before B. found; before
C. have found; ago D. found; ago
（12）They haven’t paid for their tickets, have they
. They didn’t pay any money.
A. Yes, they have B. No, they haven’t
C. Yes, they haven’t D. No, they have
（13） you your homework
Not yet, but I it in an hour.
A. Have; done; did B. Did; finish; will do
C. Have; done; will finish D. Did; do; finish
（14）Would you like to watch the three-D film Titanic with me
Certainly. I don’t mind seeing it again although I it twice.
A. saw B. was seen C. have seen
（15）It’s the first time that Tom has been to the Summer Palace,
A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he C. hasn’t it
（16）They say there’s a new restaurant nearby.
Yes, and it for no more than a week.
A. has been open B. opens C. is opening
（17）Do you know our town at all
No, this is the first time I here.
A. was B. have been C. came
（18）Have you been to our town before
A. even; come B. even; have come
C. ever; come D. ever; have come
（19）在过去的几年里，我们为了美化城市种了许多树。
In the past few years, .
（20）Since last August, the old lady (have) bad headaches three to four times a month.
（21）Xiao Li promised to chat with me on the Internet, but so far he (not do) so.
（22）Is everyone here
No, sir. Jim (not arrive) yet. He is still on the way.
（23）I can’t find the new road on my mobile phone. Are you sure you’ve got the name right
Yes. But you (download) the latest map
（24）Jim (return) your book already. He (return) it to you two days ago.
（25）How many times your father (be) to the United States
（26）The room is very dirty. Why you (not clean) it yet
（27）Mum, I (finish) practising the piano. May I go to play football now
（28）“I (fail) over and over again in my life and that is why I succeed,” said Michael Jordan, a famous basketball player.
一、 Have you seen any films recently, Sandy It's about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I have learned more about Beijing’s past and present.
【知识点一】：recently
1.(adv.) 最 近
2.recent (adj.)
3.recently 常与现在完成时搭配使用
（1） (最近), citizens in Luhe have got the chance to experience a self-service store.
【知识点二】：over the past century
1.在过去的一个世纪中
2.相当于 in/during the past century
3.其常与现在完成时搭配使用！
4.表示“几世纪”，我们常用序数词与 century 搭配使用
如：21 世纪 the twenty-first century (the 21st century)
（1）At the beginning of the (twenty) century, the world's population was about 1,700 million.
（2）在过去的一个世纪里，这座村庄发生了巨大的变化。
In the village great changes .
【知识点三】：Beijing’s past and present
1.(n.) 现在，目前 [’preznt]
短语：at present＝at the moment＝right now 目前，现在
如：He is washing his clothes at present. 现在他正在洗衣服。
2.(n.) 礼 物=gift [’preznt]
短语：a birthday present 一份生日礼物
3.(adj.) 目前的，现在的 [’preznt]
短语：your present job 你目前的工作the present situation 目前的形势
4.(vt.) 介绍；出现；提出；赠送 [pri’zent]
短语：present sth. with sb. 授予某人某物
（1）The famous singer has agreed the prizes at the prize giving ceremony.
A. to present B. present C. to presenting D. presenting
（2）Look, the Maths teacher with his students on the grass to have a good rest at present.
A. is lying B. is lieing C. are lying D. be lying
【Integrated skills】
Living condition： old houses
【知识点一】：condition
1．(n.) 环境，条件
2．(n.) 状 态
in/ out of condition：状况好
be in good/ bad condition：处于好的状态
（1）Luckily for the villagers, their living (条件) have improved greatly.
二、Starlight Town has changed a lot over the years. She’s just returned from the USA. She went abroad with her parents.
【知识点一】：over the years
1.在过去的几年里
2.其常与现在完成时搭配使用
【知识点二】：return
1．(vi.) return from、 return to 返回，回来； 恢复
如： When are you returning home/ returning to London
What time does your wife return from work
2．(vt.) return sth to sb. ＝give sth．back to sb. 把某物还给某人
return (不可与back搭配使用)
如： I'm going to the library to return my books.
（1）You’d better these books the library as soon as possible.
A. give; back B. return; back C. return back; to D. return; to
（2）When did your mother home
A. return B. return to C. return back D. return back to
（3）You should return the book on time .= You should on time.
（4）The students returned to school just now.= The students just now.
【知识点三】：abroad
1.(adv.) 到国外；在国外；海外
2.abroad 是个副词，前面一般不能用介词，但 from 除外
3.broad (adv)在国外= in a foreign country 到国外 = to a foreign country
4.几个惯用词组：go/travel abroad 到国外去
live abroad 住在国外
at home and abroad 在国内外
from abroad 从国外，从海外
student studying abroad 留学生
(拓展内容)注意学习 abroad 的其他含义：
5.广泛地；流行；到处传开
如：A rumor is abroad. 谣言四处传播
去国外留学 study
去国外学习深造 go for further study
上周他去国外了。Last week, he .
你曾去过国外吗？
He has lived for many years.
A. to abroad B. in abroad C. on abroad D. abroad
（6）Mr. Lau has been to a foreign country only one time. (同义句转换)
Mr. Lau has only .
三、So how do you keep in touch with each other We mainly communicate by email. The Internet makes communication much easier.
【知识点一】：touch
1.(v.) 碰至触着，贴着
触动，打动，使受感动
如：His sad story so touched us that we nearly cried.
2.不可数名词：联系
get in touch with 与……取得联系 (强调动作)
lose touch with 失去联系 (强调动作)
out of touch with 失去联系 (强调状态)
keep in touch with = be in touch with 保持联系(强调状态)
（1）Here is my card. Let’s keep in .
A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship
【知识点二】：communicate
1．(vt.) (with) 交流意见(感情、消息等)；沟通
2.communicate with sb. 与某人交流，沟通
3.communication(n.)：be in communication with sb. 与某人进行沟通如：I am in communication with him on this subject.
（1）It’s useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.
Yes, it’s a major way of for them.
A. suggestion B. vacation C. production D. communication
（2）The Queqiao satellite (卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. (2018 扬州中考)
A. contribution B. communication C. celebration D. competition
（3）US scientist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of is done through body language.
A. application B. pronunciation C. introduction D. communication
【知识点三】：by mail
通过使用邮件的方式(by 表示方式、手段)
by telephone 用电话；on the phone 在电话里
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【Study skills &Task】
一、It is not easy to get sued to the changes of the life quickly.
【知识点一】：get used to
1、习惯于
2、get used to = be used to：习惯于，适应于
3、后面接： 名词/ 代词/ doing
4、难点：注意区分 used to do、 be used to do
（1）Some old people are not used to in the city with their children. (live)
二、Now I go to school by bus on my own.
【知识点一】：on my own
1.单独、独自
2.of one’s own：属于某人自己的……
三、Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
【知识点一】：enjoy a comfortable life
1．享受闲适的生活
2.life：生活，不可数名词
3.但是 life 前如有修饰词语时，可以与 a 搭配使用
如： live/ lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活
live/lead a hard life 过着艰辛的生活
Everyone leads in the new society.
A. a happy life B. happy living C. happy lives D. happy life
答案：
【知识点一】：现在完成时
haven’t found C B
【知识点二】：just
C has gone lost
【知识点三】：change
C D D B
【知识点一】：used to
CCDACA used to be usedn’t there to be CBBAB
三、past
present CB
【知识点一】：too many
CB
【知识点一】：since
CDCBAD
【知识点一】：东西南北的表达
northern D
【知识点二】：marry
DD got married to married CDA
【知识点三】：since then
How long has Since when has
【知识点一】：change a lot
Has been has changed a lot over the years
【知识点二】：over the years
C has raised
【知识点三】：years ago
CAD
【知识点一】：pollution
pollution because of water pollution
【知识点二】：realize
ABD realize the importance until
【知识点三】：improve
to improve take action improve situation taken actions to improve
【知识点一】：in some ways
like dogs in some ways
【知识点三】：句型
C to lose D
【知识点四】：impossible
impossible impossible
【知识点五】：as often as before
B D as often as
【知识点一】：a bit
a bit of money/ a little money
feel a bit/ a little loney
a bit/ a little earlier than usual
have a bit of/ a little cold
a bit of / a little
a bit / a little
DA
a bit / a little
a little/ a bit of
【知识点二】：from time to time
CCA
【知识点一】：lonely
DCAD
【知识点二】：because of
BB
【知识点三】：take place
C
【知识点一】：interview
B interviews D
recent (adj.) 最近的
recently recent
一、考察其构成
B hasn’t yet
二、考査其用法与标志词
DBBC written
(二)CDBA has rained
三、考察 have/ has been (to/ in)与 have/ has gone (to)的区别
DACD
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别
Sun’s aunt has been there for ten years.
Sun’s aunt was there years ago.
It’s since went C
【典型题练习】
What has done How many have you got DDDBDBCDBCCBABD
we have planted many trees to make the city beautiful
has had hasn’t done hasn’t arrived have downloaded has returned returned has been haven’t cleaned have finished have failed
【知识点一】：recently
Recently
【知识点二】：over the past century
twentieth
have taken place in this village
【知识点三】：Beijing’s past and present
AA
【知识点一】：condition
conditions
【知识点二】：return
DA give the book back came back
【知识点三】：abroad
abroad abroad went abroad have you ever been abroad D been abroad once
【知识点一】：touch
A
【知识点二】：communicate
DBD
【知识点一】：get used to
living
【知识点一】：enjoy a comfortable life
A
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