让马拉松变得更环保等2则外刊阅读训练-2023届高三英语二轮复习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 让马拉松变得更环保等2则外刊阅读训练-2023届高三英语二轮复习（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-26 18:08:47 | ||
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外刊精读
让马拉松变得更环保
导读：
似乎在世界各地，每个主要的大城小镇都会举办年度马拉松比赛。成千上万的参赛运动员要经受艰难的体能考验，跑完 42.1 公里的赛程。和其它大型比赛一样，马拉松比赛也会产生大量的碳足迹。数千人乘坐飞机前来参赛或观赛，观众和运动员留在赛道的食物垃圾、包装袋、礼品袋等等。本期《外刊精读》讨论相关部门针对马拉松比赛所采取的各项环保措施。
一、语篇泛读
Even if you’re a couch potato like me, you’ll know the benefits of running - pounding the pavements, working up a sweat, burning off some calories and generally keeping fit. But if you’re a real fitness junkie, the ultimate running challenge is to take part in a marathon.
It seems every major city and town around the world hosts an annual marathon, with thousands of athletes running a gruelling 42.1 kilometers. Whilst many runners’ motivation is to beat their personal best and cross the finishing line without collapsing, they’re also doing it for a good cause – to generate funds for charity. But like other major events, the marathon also generates a massive carbon footprint. Thousands travel - some by plane - to the location, and waste from food packaging and goody bags gets left behind by spectators and runners. For example, during the London Marathon in 2018, 47,000 plastic bottles were collected, although some were recycled.
This is becoming a big issue for cities – how to host a worthwhile event, encouraging people to exercise and help charities, whilst protecting the environment Several cities have developed formal plans to reduce their environmental impact and promote sustainable ideas. One event in Wales, for example, introduced recycling for old running kit and ethically sourced the race t-shirts.
It’s something that this year’s London Marathon tried to tackle by reducing the number of drink stations on the running route, giving out water in paper cups and offering some drinks in edible seaweed capsules. They also trialed new bottle belts made from recycled plastic so 700 runners could carry water bottles with them during their run. London Marathon event director Hugh Brasner told the BBC: "There's a raft of initiatives we are using this year that we think will lead to some huge behavioral changes in the future."
Meanwhile, some people still think running a marathon could be our best foot forward in helping the planet. Dr Andrea Collins from Cardiff University told the BBC: "Training for a marathon makes you more sustainable in day-to-day activities. I started walking or running to work every day and shunning public transport altogether. Being environmentally friendly while training kind of sticks with you and becomes a way of life." So while you may not be the elite runner in a marathon, let’s hope the event, in terms of sustainability, certainly is!
二、词汇表
couch potato “沙发土豆”，窝在沙发上看电视的人
pound the pavement 跑步
work up a sweat 出一身汗
burn off calories 燃烧脂肪
keep fit 保持健康
fitness junkie 健身狂人
marathon 马拉松
athlete 运动员
gruelling 让人筋疲力尽的
personal best 个人最好成绩
finishing line 终点线
a good cause 公益事业
carbon footprint 碳足迹
goody bag 礼品包
spectator 观众
plastic bottle 塑料瓶
sustainable 可持续的，能长期维持的
running kit 跑步行头
drink station （马拉松比赛沿路的）饮水站
capsule 胶囊
best foot forward 迈出最好的一步
a way of life 生活方式
elite runner 精英选手
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How can running a marathon help a charity
2. What was substituted for plastic bottles in this year’s London Marathon
3. According to the article, how does travelling to a marathon event by plane damage the environment
4. True or false Walking or running to work is a sustainable way to commute.
5. Which word in the text means 'deliberately avoiding (someone/something)’
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. I spent all morning helping at the charity cake sale but I shouldn’t complain. It’s all for ______.
the good cause a good cause
causing good a good caused
2. No wonder that boxer lost the fight, he got a severe ______ by his opponent.
gruelling elite
pounding working up a sweat
3. I’m having trouble ______ two jobs. I’m going to have to give one up or my health is going to suffer!
sustaining sustainable
sustained sustenance
4. Living off the land and not having to go to a supermarket, has become ______ for me.
a life way a way life of
a life way a way of life
5. This mountain is so challenging, it really is just for the ______ climbers.
gruelling personal best
athlete elite
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How can running a marathon help a charity
Running a marathon means a runner can generate funds – raise money – for their chosen charity.
2. What was substituted for plastic bottles in this year’s London Marathon
Water was given in paper cups and some drinks were given in edible seaweed capsules.
3. According to the article, how does travelling to a marathon event by plane damage the environment
Thousands of people travelling - some by plane - to the marathon location, creates a massive carbon footprint.
4. True or false Walking or running to work is a sustainable way to commute.
True. Dr Andrea Collins from Cardiff University said: "Training for a marathon makes you more sustainable in day-to-day activities - I started walking or running to work every day.”
5. Which word in the text means 'deliberately avoiding (someone/something)’
‘Shunning’. Dr Andrea Collins said “I started walking or running to work every day and shunning public transport altogether”.
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. I spent all morning helping at the charity cake sale but I shouldn’t complain. It’s all for a good cause.
2. No wonder that boxer lost the fight, he got a severe pounding by his opponent.
3. I’m having trouble sustaining two jobs. I’m going to have to give one up or my health is going to suffer!
4. Living off the land and not having to go to a supermarket, has become a way of life for me.
5. This mountain is so challenging, it really is just for the elite climbers.
食物过敏越来越常见的原因
导读：
过量饮食对健康无益，但对于部分对食物过敏的人来说，含有过敏原的食物可能会给身体造成真正的损害。研究表明，似乎越来越多的人对不同类型的食物产生了过敏反应。这是由于人们对于过敏症的关注、医疗诊断技术的进步，还是周围环境的影响？本集《外刊精读》聊一聊越来越多人开始对食物过敏的原因。
一、语篇泛读
Do you love food Whether you’re a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means eating certain things can actually be harmful - and now, it seems, this is affecting more and more of us.
An allergy is caused by the immune system fighting substances in the environment, known as allergens, that it should see as harmless. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions, which means people have to spend their lives following strict dietary restrictions and worrying about the ingredients of everything they consume. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years… there are much more allergic problems around now than there were.”
We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products and to peanuts. Last year a 15-year-old girl died after suffering a fatal allergic reaction from eating a baguette containing sesame seeds. This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain foodstuffs. Writing for the BBC website, Dr. Alexandra Santos from King's College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.”
So what might be the cause Dr. Santos says the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them; it seems to be more environmental. She says possible factors are “pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to microbes, which change how our immune systems respond.” She points out that it’s very common for migrants who move to another country to develop asthma and food allergies in their new location.
A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that’s not easy. So for now allergy sufferers must watch what they eat and they must rely on clear and accurate labeling.
二、词汇表
foodie “食客”，爱好美食的人
allergy 过敏反应
harmful 有害的
immune system 免疫系统
allergen 过敏原
life-threatening 致命的
reaction 反应
dietary restriction 饮食限制
ingredient （食品）成分
consume 吃、喝
dairy 奶制品的
peanut 花生
allergic reaction 过敏反应
diagnose 诊断出，查出
environmental 和环境有关的
dietary change 饮食变化
microbe 微生物，细菌
asthma 哮喘
a cure 治疗方法
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What do food allergy sufferers usually have to look at before eating something
2. True or false A girl died from eating a baguette because she had a dairy allergy.
3. According to research, which group of people are most affected by food allergies
4. Why might moving to another country cause a migrant to develop asthma
5. What is the cure for a food allergy
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. It’s so hot today and I would love to eat an ice cream bit I’m afraid I can’t eat any ______ products.
harm dairy
allergen foodie
2. Medical science has developed so much but there is still no ______ for the common cold!
cured curing
cure kure
3. Every time I visit my sister and her dog, I get an ______ and start sneezing!
immune system allergic reaction
allergens dietary restriction
4. My doctor has told me to eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables if I want to boost my ______.
immunity system immuned system
immunisation immune system
5. A rise in the number of people suffering from ______ is being blamed on the high levels of pollution in the city.
microbes allergen
asthma environmental
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What do food allergy sufferers usually have to look at before eating something
They have to look at the ingredients of the food they are eating.
2. True or false A girl died from eating a baguette because she had a dairy allergy.
False. The girl mentioned in the article, died from eating a baguette containing sesame seeds but her exact allergy was not mentioned.
3. According to research, which group of people is most affected by food allergies
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children.
4. Why might moving to another country cause a migrant to develop asthma
Moving to a new location means they are exposed to different environmental conditions such as pollution and dietary changes.
5. What is the cure for a food allergy
Currently there is no cure but it is being worked on.
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. It’s so hot today and I would love to eat an ice cream bit I’m afraid I can’t eat any dairy products.
2. Medical science has developed so much but there is still no cure for the common cold!
3. Every time I visit my sister and her dog, I get an allergic reaction and start sneezing!
4. My doctor has told me to eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables if I want to boost my immune system.
5. A rise in the number of people suffering from asthma is being blamed on the high levels of pollution in the city.
让马拉松变得更环保
导读：
似乎在世界各地，每个主要的大城小镇都会举办年度马拉松比赛。成千上万的参赛运动员要经受艰难的体能考验，跑完 42.1 公里的赛程。和其它大型比赛一样，马拉松比赛也会产生大量的碳足迹。数千人乘坐飞机前来参赛或观赛，观众和运动员留在赛道的食物垃圾、包装袋、礼品袋等等。本期《外刊精读》讨论相关部门针对马拉松比赛所采取的各项环保措施。
一、语篇泛读
Even if you’re a couch potato like me, you’ll know the benefits of running - pounding the pavements, working up a sweat, burning off some calories and generally keeping fit. But if you’re a real fitness junkie, the ultimate running challenge is to take part in a marathon.
It seems every major city and town around the world hosts an annual marathon, with thousands of athletes running a gruelling 42.1 kilometers. Whilst many runners’ motivation is to beat their personal best and cross the finishing line without collapsing, they’re also doing it for a good cause – to generate funds for charity. But like other major events, the marathon also generates a massive carbon footprint. Thousands travel - some by plane - to the location, and waste from food packaging and goody bags gets left behind by spectators and runners. For example, during the London Marathon in 2018, 47,000 plastic bottles were collected, although some were recycled.
This is becoming a big issue for cities – how to host a worthwhile event, encouraging people to exercise and help charities, whilst protecting the environment Several cities have developed formal plans to reduce their environmental impact and promote sustainable ideas. One event in Wales, for example, introduced recycling for old running kit and ethically sourced the race t-shirts.
It’s something that this year’s London Marathon tried to tackle by reducing the number of drink stations on the running route, giving out water in paper cups and offering some drinks in edible seaweed capsules. They also trialed new bottle belts made from recycled plastic so 700 runners could carry water bottles with them during their run. London Marathon event director Hugh Brasner told the BBC: "There's a raft of initiatives we are using this year that we think will lead to some huge behavioral changes in the future."
Meanwhile, some people still think running a marathon could be our best foot forward in helping the planet. Dr Andrea Collins from Cardiff University told the BBC: "Training for a marathon makes you more sustainable in day-to-day activities. I started walking or running to work every day and shunning public transport altogether. Being environmentally friendly while training kind of sticks with you and becomes a way of life." So while you may not be the elite runner in a marathon, let’s hope the event, in terms of sustainability, certainly is!
二、词汇表
couch potato “沙发土豆”，窝在沙发上看电视的人
pound the pavement 跑步
work up a sweat 出一身汗
burn off calories 燃烧脂肪
keep fit 保持健康
fitness junkie 健身狂人
marathon 马拉松
athlete 运动员
gruelling 让人筋疲力尽的
personal best 个人最好成绩
finishing line 终点线
a good cause 公益事业
carbon footprint 碳足迹
goody bag 礼品包
spectator 观众
plastic bottle 塑料瓶
sustainable 可持续的，能长期维持的
running kit 跑步行头
drink station （马拉松比赛沿路的）饮水站
capsule 胶囊
best foot forward 迈出最好的一步
a way of life 生活方式
elite runner 精英选手
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How can running a marathon help a charity
2. What was substituted for plastic bottles in this year’s London Marathon
3. According to the article, how does travelling to a marathon event by plane damage the environment
4. True or false Walking or running to work is a sustainable way to commute.
5. Which word in the text means 'deliberately avoiding (someone/something)’
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. I spent all morning helping at the charity cake sale but I shouldn’t complain. It’s all for ______.
the good cause a good cause
causing good a good caused
2. No wonder that boxer lost the fight, he got a severe ______ by his opponent.
gruelling elite
pounding working up a sweat
3. I’m having trouble ______ two jobs. I’m going to have to give one up or my health is going to suffer!
sustaining sustainable
sustained sustenance
4. Living off the land and not having to go to a supermarket, has become ______ for me.
a life way a way life of
a life way a way of life
5. This mountain is so challenging, it really is just for the ______ climbers.
gruelling personal best
athlete elite
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. How can running a marathon help a charity
Running a marathon means a runner can generate funds – raise money – for their chosen charity.
2. What was substituted for plastic bottles in this year’s London Marathon
Water was given in paper cups and some drinks were given in edible seaweed capsules.
3. According to the article, how does travelling to a marathon event by plane damage the environment
Thousands of people travelling - some by plane - to the marathon location, creates a massive carbon footprint.
4. True or false Walking or running to work is a sustainable way to commute.
True. Dr Andrea Collins from Cardiff University said: "Training for a marathon makes you more sustainable in day-to-day activities - I started walking or running to work every day.”
5. Which word in the text means 'deliberately avoiding (someone/something)’
‘Shunning’. Dr Andrea Collins said “I started walking or running to work every day and shunning public transport altogether”.
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. I spent all morning helping at the charity cake sale but I shouldn’t complain. It’s all for a good cause.
2. No wonder that boxer lost the fight, he got a severe pounding by his opponent.
3. I’m having trouble sustaining two jobs. I’m going to have to give one up or my health is going to suffer!
4. Living off the land and not having to go to a supermarket, has become a way of life for me.
5. This mountain is so challenging, it really is just for the elite climbers.
食物过敏越来越常见的原因
导读：
过量饮食对健康无益，但对于部分对食物过敏的人来说，含有过敏原的食物可能会给身体造成真正的损害。研究表明，似乎越来越多的人对不同类型的食物产生了过敏反应。这是由于人们对于过敏症的关注、医疗诊断技术的进步，还是周围环境的影响？本集《外刊精读》聊一聊越来越多人开始对食物过敏的原因。
一、语篇泛读
Do you love food Whether you’re a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means eating certain things can actually be harmful - and now, it seems, this is affecting more and more of us.
An allergy is caused by the immune system fighting substances in the environment, known as allergens, that it should see as harmless. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions, which means people have to spend their lives following strict dietary restrictions and worrying about the ingredients of everything they consume. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years… there are much more allergic problems around now than there were.”
We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products and to peanuts. Last year a 15-year-old girl died after suffering a fatal allergic reaction from eating a baguette containing sesame seeds. This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain foodstuffs. Writing for the BBC website, Dr. Alexandra Santos from King's College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.”
So what might be the cause Dr. Santos says the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them; it seems to be more environmental. She says possible factors are “pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to microbes, which change how our immune systems respond.” She points out that it’s very common for migrants who move to another country to develop asthma and food allergies in their new location.
A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that’s not easy. So for now allergy sufferers must watch what they eat and they must rely on clear and accurate labeling.
二、词汇表
foodie “食客”，爱好美食的人
allergy 过敏反应
harmful 有害的
immune system 免疫系统
allergen 过敏原
life-threatening 致命的
reaction 反应
dietary restriction 饮食限制
ingredient （食品）成分
consume 吃、喝
dairy 奶制品的
peanut 花生
allergic reaction 过敏反应
diagnose 诊断出，查出
environmental 和环境有关的
dietary change 饮食变化
microbe 微生物，细菌
asthma 哮喘
a cure 治疗方法
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What do food allergy sufferers usually have to look at before eating something
2. True or false A girl died from eating a baguette because she had a dairy allergy.
3. According to research, which group of people are most affected by food allergies
4. Why might moving to another country cause a migrant to develop asthma
5. What is the cure for a food allergy
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. It’s so hot today and I would love to eat an ice cream bit I’m afraid I can’t eat any ______ products.
harm dairy
allergen foodie
2. Medical science has developed so much but there is still no ______ for the common cold!
cured curing
cure kure
3. Every time I visit my sister and her dog, I get an ______ and start sneezing!
immune system allergic reaction
allergens dietary restriction
4. My doctor has told me to eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables if I want to boost my ______.
immunity system immuned system
immunisation immune system
5. A rise in the number of people suffering from ______ is being blamed on the high levels of pollution in the city.
microbes allergen
asthma environmental
【参考答案】
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What do food allergy sufferers usually have to look at before eating something
They have to look at the ingredients of the food they are eating.
2. True or false A girl died from eating a baguette because she had a dairy allergy.
False. The girl mentioned in the article, died from eating a baguette containing sesame seeds but her exact allergy was not mentioned.
3. According to research, which group of people is most affected by food allergies
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children.
4. Why might moving to another country cause a migrant to develop asthma
Moving to a new location means they are exposed to different environmental conditions such as pollution and dietary changes.
5. What is the cure for a food allergy
Currently there is no cure but it is being worked on.
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. It’s so hot today and I would love to eat an ice cream bit I’m afraid I can’t eat any dairy products.
2. Medical science has developed so much but there is still no cure for the common cold!
3. Every time I visit my sister and her dog, I get an allergic reaction and start sneezing!
4. My doctor has told me to eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables if I want to boost my immune system.
5. A rise in the number of people suffering from asthma is being blamed on the high levels of pollution in the city.