Unit 3 Teenage problems 课时 4 Integrated Skills - Task重点知识归纳（牛津译林版）

Unit 3 Teenage Problems
Integrated Skills - Task
知识点01 progress 教材P44
【用法详解】
progress n. 进步；进展；进程 progress 为不可数名词，可以用little, much或great 等来修饰。 make progress 取得进步
slow/rapid/good progress 缓慢的╱迅速的╱良好的进展
We have made great progress in controlling inflation.
我们在抑制通货膨胀方面取得了巨大进展。
They asked for a progress report on the project. 他们索要工程进度报告。
【典例讲解】
Andy has made _________this term that his parents will award him a new computer.
A.such a great progress B.so great a progress
C.such great progress D.so a great progress
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：安迪这个学期取得了那么大的进步以至于他的父母将要奖励他一台新的电脑。such修饰名词或者名词短语，so修饰形容词或者名词。program进步，不可数名词。结合句意，故选C。
知识点02 go over 教材P44
【用法详解】
go over 复习，检查，越过，温习
go over the lesson 复习功课，温习作业，温习功课
He would go over his work again and again until he felt he had it right.
他会反复检查他的工作直到他觉得准确无误为止。
Let's go over it again, shall we 让我们再复习一下，好吗？
Go over your work before you hand it in. 把作业仔细检查后再交。
【典例讲解】
I will spend as much time as I the lesson.
A.can go over B.can to go over C.can going over D.go over
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我将花费尽量多的时间去复习功课。本题考查spend some time (in)doing sth花费一段时间去做某事。故选C。
知识点03 aloud 教材P44
【用法详解】
aloud adv. 出声地； 大声地
The teacher listened to the children reading aloud . 老师听着孩子们朗读。
He read the letter aloud to us. 他把信大声念给我们听。
‘What am I going to do ’ she wondered aloud. “我怎么办呢？”她疑惑地说。
【典例讲解】
He was reading a story __ to his little son when suddenly there was a___ noise outside the window.
A.aloud, loud B.aloud, aloud C.loudly, loud D.loud, aloud
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：他正在给小儿子大声朗读一个故事，突然窗外传来很大的声音。aloud, loudly只能用作副词；loud既可作副词，也可用作形容词。noise为名词形式，需要有形容词来修饰，只能用loud，首先排除B,D；aloud常用在读书和说话上，通常放在动词后，loudly是副词，意为“大声地，吵闹地” 可指人声、敲门声或其他各种声音，强调声音高、喧闹、不悦耳。
故答案选A。
【拓展】aloud, loud, loudly 区别
这三个词的共同含义是“大声地”，其区别是：
aloud 副词 多指“出声地”，但是与call,cry, shout, read 等词连用时，有“高声地”之意。aloud 无比较级和最高级。 He did not express his thoughts aloud. 他并没有把他的想法大声地说出来。
loud 形容词& 副词 loud做副词时，主要与talk, speak, sing, laugh等连用； Don't make those loud noises.不要在那大声喧哗了。
loudly 副词 loudly暗含嘈杂喧闹的意味。 She went straight up to the door and knocked loudly. 她径直走到门前大声敲门。
知识点05 correctly 教材P44
【用法详解】
correctly adv. 正确地；得体地
Very few people can pronounce my name correctly.
很少有人能把我的名字念正确。
My own mother was brought up very strictly and correctly.
我自己的母亲是被非常严厉且正确地养大的。
【典例讲解】
1.You ______the teacher carefully and then answer the questions__________.
A.should listen to; correctly B.should listen ;correctly
C.should hear; correct D.should listen to ;correct
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：你应该认真听老师讲课，然后正确地回答问题。listen to强调听的动作；hear强调听的结果，排除C；listen是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，排除B；动词answer需要由副词修饰，故答案为A。
2.—What were you doing when others were busy doing cleaning
—I _________ mistakes in my test paper.
A.am correcting B.corrected C.was correcting D.correct
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——别人忙着打扫卫生的时候，你在干什么？——我正在改试卷上的错误。
考查过去进行时。根据上文“What were you doing”，可知句子时态用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语是I，用was，correct的现在分词是correcting，故选C。
【拓展】
correct adj. 准确无误的；精确的；恰当的；合适的 反义词：incorrect
Only one of the answers is correct. 这些答案中只有一个是正确的。
I think you've made the correct decision. 我认为你的决定是正确的。
Do you know the correct way to shut the machine down 你知道这台机器该怎么关吗？
I think you've made the correct decision. 我认为你的决定是正确的。
He was very polite and very correct. 他很有礼貌且举止得体。
correct v. 改正；纠正；修正； 批改
Read through your work and correct any mistakes that you find.
从头至尾看一遍你们的作业，发现的错误都要改正过来。
They issued a statement correcting the one they had made earlier.
他们发表了一份声明，更正早先声明中的错误。
I spent all evening correcting essays. 我整个晚上都在批改论文。
知识点06 mention 教材P44
【用法详解】
mention v. 提到；写到；说到
Nobody mentioned anything to me about it. 没人跟我提过这事儿。
Sorry, I won't mention it again. 对不起，我再也不提它了。
Did she mention where she was going 她有没有说起她要去哪儿？
【典例讲解】
—What movies ________ in the program
—The Time Machine and Mission to Mars
A.were mentioned B.will be mentioned C.mentioned D.mention
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：——节目中提到了什么电影？——《时光机器》和《火星任务》。考查句子时态。根据语境和回答“The Time Machine and Mission to Mars”可知这发生在过去，此句时态是一般过去时，根据句意可知主语“What movies”和谓语动词“mention提到、说起”之间是被动关系，由此可知，此句是一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
【拓展】
mention n. 提及；说起；写上一笔
He made no mention of her work. 他根本没提她的工作。
The concert didn't even get a mention in the newspapers. 报纸对这场音乐会只字未提。
Richard deserves (a) special mention for all the help he gave us. 理查德对我们帮助很大，理应被特别提一提。
单项选择
1.It’s great shame for me ______by some many people.
A.to be laughed at B.to laugh at C.to laughing at D.to have laughed at
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：被很多人嘲笑我真是惭愧了。
It’s great shame for me to do sth.表示对于我来说做某事是害羞的。短语laughed at sb.表示嘲笑某人；根据下文by some many people可知这里是被别人嘲笑。这里用被动语态，其结构是be done的形式。be laughed at表示被别人嘲笑。根据题意，故选A。
2.— ________ has he made in English
— I think he has achieved a lot.
A.How many progress B.How much progress
C.How great progress D.How progress
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——他在英语上取得了多少进步？——我想他取得了很多进步。考查特殊疑问句。根据短语make progress“取得进步”以及四个选项，特殊疑问词中含有不可数名词progress，根据答语“I think he has achieved a lot”，对数量提问，排除C/D。对不可数数量提问用how much。故选B。
3..It’s _______of us to shout at the old persons _______.
A.polite; aloud B.impolite; loudly C.politely; aloud D.impolitely; loudly
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：我们对老人大声喊叫是不礼貌的。考查固定句式及副词辨析。polite礼貌的，形容词；politely礼貌地，副词；impolite不礼貌的，形容词；impolitely不礼貌地，副词；aloud出声地，大声地，副词，强调发出的声音能被听见，常与read等动词连用；loudly大声地，副词，含有喧闹的意味。根据语境可知，对老人大声叫喊是不礼貌的，且本句为It’s +形容词+ of sb to do sth句式，故第一个空格处应为形容词impolite不礼貌的。第二个空格处应用副词loudly表示“大声地”，含有贬义。故选B。
4.—I always can’t help TV plays with my mobile phone when I’m studying.
—It’s not a good habit.You are supposed to it.
A.watching;correcting B.watch;correct
C.watch;correcting D.watching;correct
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：-当我学习的时候，我总是忍不住用手机看电视剧。-这不是一个好习惯，你应该改正它。watch动词，观看；根据can’t help doing禁不住做某事，所以本题使用watching。correct动词，更正、改正; be supposed to do., 意为 “应该做某事”， 动词使用原形。故选D。
5..I wonder __________ the idea to Daming. He still looks angry.
A.if have you mentioned B.what have you mentioned
C.if you have mentioned D.what you have mentioned
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我想知道你是否向大明提过这个想法。他看起来还很生气。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，AB两项都是疑问句语序，可排除。if是否，表有疑问；what什么，问事情。分析句子，可知mentioned的宾语the idea已经给出，所以宾语从句的引导词不能再用what。故选C。
6.---Thank you for your help .---____.
A.That’s right B.Don’t mention it C.All right D.You are right
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：谢谢你的帮助。此题根据上文的表示谢意，推知答语应该选择回答致谢的短语，根据固定短语，回答致谢的短语包括：Don’t mention it./ That’s all right./You are welcome.故选C。
7.Children need friends _____ their own age to play with.
A.of B.for C.in D.at
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：孩子们需要跟同龄的朋友去一起玩。分析选项：of属于；for为了；in在之内；at 在。分析:朋友是属于同龄人的，因此运用介词of，故选 A。
题组A 基础过关练
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.She screamed as ________ (loud) as she could.
【答案】loudly
【解析】
句意：她尽可能大声地尖叫。修饰动词“screamed”要用loud的副词形式loudly，意为“大声地”；as ... as中间用副词原级。故填loudly。
2.Could you please play the music a little ________________ (loud)
【答案】louder
【解析】
句意：你能把音乐播放的声音更大一点吗？loud大声地。根据句意可知，这句话暗含有比较的意思，即声音比现在的再大一些，因此这里应用比较级形式，故填louder。
3.If the robot is used _________（correct）, it will go wrong.
【答案】incorrectly
【解析】
句意：如果机器人使用不正确，它就会出错。由后半句“it will go wrong”可知，此句是说如果机器人使用不正确。correct正确的，形容词，此处应用副词修饰谓语“is used”，incorrectly不正确地，副词，故填incorrectly。
4.You should pay attention to ___________ (pronounce) the words correctly.
【答案】pronouncing
【解析】
句意：你应该注意正确地发音。短语pay attention to：注意，关注，to是介词，后面跟名词，代词或动名词；结合句意和所给词可知填pronouncing。
5.Neither Tom nor his twins ______________ (reply) to their friends’ emails during the last two weeks.
【答案】have replied
【解析】
句意：在过去的两周里，Tom 和他的双胞胎都没有回复他们朋友的邮件。根据时间状语during the last two weeks判断是现在完成时，neither…nor 连接两个主语时谓语动词用就近原则，故填have replied.
6.One way _____ (solve) your health problem is _____( take) more exercise and eat less sweet food.
【答案】to solve to take
【解析】
句意：一个解决健康问题的好的方式是做更多的锻炼吃更少的甜食。第一个空用的短语是a way to do sth 一个做….的方法，用to do 不定式做定语。第二个空因为take 是动词不能做表语，所以只能变成非谓语动词做表语，并且从and 后的eat 可以看出eat 前是省略了不定式的to, 所以and 前后对应，故第二个空用不定式做表语。故填to solve; to take。
7.Now more and more people like the _________ in the countryside. (silent)
【答案】silence
【解析】
句意：现在越来越多的人喜欢乡村的宁静。定冠词the后接名词，silent是形容词，其名词是silence“宁静，安静”，不可数名词，故填silence。
题组B 能力提升练
一、完型填空
Recently, there are many arguments between worried parents and children on the use of mobile phones. According to a 1 , children’s addiction（ 沉 迷 于 ） to online games is closely related to parent-child relations. The 2 the relationship is, the less likely a kid is to be fond of online games.
To keep children away from smartphones, parents have to think carefully about their own behavior and 3 a good parent-kid relationship.
First, parents should not be too sad 4 angry when their kids play video games. It seems that online games are one of the after-school activities for students now. And it is unfair for parents to blame smartphones for all the problems of their children, including poor performances, lack of exercise and inactive lifestyles. Such problems were there when smartphones and video games were not 5 .
Moreover, it is suggested to use a friendly way of looking after children. Those parents who respect their children’s opinions and pay attention to their needs can set family 6 to follow with the help of their children together. A research shows that those family members can 7 reach agreements with each other, although they have some different opinions.
And in such families, children may be 8 about their thoughts and needs, and talk to their parents about what they really feel.
Last but not least, parents should 9 time with their children. Actually, the most valuable gift for their kids is time, not money or expensive presents. So parents have to find time for their kids 10 saying they are too busy with work.
In a word, developing good parent-kid relations is an effective way to keep or draw kids away from smartphones.
1.A.question B.problem C.survey D.test
2.A.worse B.better C.less D.fewer
3.A.walk B.play C.pass D.build
4.A.and B.or C.but D.yet
5.A.invented B.appeared C.played D.found
6.A.rules B.members C.problems D.days
7.A.loudly B.hardly C.easily D.early
8.A.open B.angry C.worried D.curious
9.A.waste B.steal C.store D.spend
10.A.because of B.instead of C.full of D.tired of
【答案】1-5 CBDBA 6-10 ACADB
【文章大意】
文章阐述了良好的亲子关系能缓解学生电子产品使用上瘾的问题，并就此提出相应的一些建议。
【解析】
1.句意：根据一项调查，儿童沉迷于网络游戏与亲子关系密切相关。question问题；problem问题；survey调查；test测试。根据下文得出的结论，可知这是根据一项“调查”。故选C。
2.句意：关系越好，孩子就越不可能喜欢网络游戏。worse更糟的；better更好的；less更少的；fewer更少的。根据“the less likely a kid is to be fond of online games.”孩子就越不可能喜欢网络游戏。可知是因为“和父母关系越好”。故选B。
3.句意：为了让孩子远离智能手机，家长必须仔细考虑自己的行为，建立良好的亲子关系。walk步行；play玩儿；pass通过；build建立。由“ a good parent-kid relationship.”可知，是建立关系。故选D。
4.句意：首先，当孩子玩电子游戏时，父母不应该太悲伤和生气。and和；or或者；but但是；yet但是。sad悲伤的，形容词；angry生气的，形容词。否定句中可用or并列两个形容词。故选B。
5.句意：当智能手机和电子游戏还没有发明的时候，这些问题就出现了。invented发明；appeared出现；played玩儿；found发现。电子游戏被“发明”之前，就出现了这些问题。故选A。
6.句意：那些尊重孩子意见、关注孩子需求的家长，可以在孩子的帮助下，共同制定家规。rules规则；members成员；problems问题；days天。family rules家庭规则。故选A。
7.句意：一项研究表明，这些家庭成员很容易达成协议，虽然他们有一些不同的意见。loudly大声地；hardly几乎不；easily简单地；early早地。 由“although they have some different opinions.”和前文形成转折关系，可知虽然有不同的意见，但是那些家庭成员是“容易”达成协议。故选C。
8.句意：在这样的家庭里，孩子们可能会对自己的想法和需求敞开心扉，向父母倾诉他们的真实感受。open打开；angry生气的；worried担忧的；curious好奇的。由下文的“and talk to their parents about what they really feel.”，可知，前文“ be open about their thoughts and needs”会对自己的想法和需求敞开心扉，与下文形成并列关系。故选A。
9.句意：最后但并非不重要的是，父母应该花时间和孩子在一起。waste浪费；steal偷；store储存；spend花费。 spend time with their children花时间和孩子在一起。故选D。
10.句意：因此，父母必须为孩子找时间，而不是说他们工作太忙。because of因为；instead of相反；full of充满了；tired of厌倦。“parents have to find time for their kids...saying they are too busy with work.”前后是相反关系，故选B。
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、阅读理解
A
Do you have a headache Take an aspirin or eat bird brains. Do you want beautiful skin Use skin cream or eat pearls. Is your hair turning gray Color your hair or eat black rice.
“Eat bird brains, pearls, and black rice ” some people ask. “How strange!” But for many Chinese people, bird brains, pearls, and black rice are not strange things to eat. Instead, they are good medicines.
Food that people use for medicines is called medical(药用的) food. The Chinese have eaten medicinal food and spices(香辛料) for centuries. Ginger, for example, is a common spice in Chinese cooking. Ginger gives food a nice flavor. The Chinese began to use ginger many years ago. They used ginger not because it tasted good. They used ginger because it was medicinal. Ginger, they thought, was good for the digestion. It also helped people who had colds. Pepper and garlic, too, were probably medicines a long time ago.
Some people don’t believe that food and spices are good medicines. They want to buy their medicine in drugstores, not in supermarkets. Other people want to try medicinal food. They say, “Maybe medicinal food can’t help me. But it can’t hurt me, either.”
People can try medicinal food at a Chinese restaurant in San Francisco, California. The restaurant serves medicinal food. The menus at the restaurant have a list of dinners. Next to each dinner there is information about the food. The information helps people order “Queen’s Secret,” for example, is one dinner at the restaurant. This dinner has meat from chickens with black feathers. It is for women who want to look young.
1.Why did the Chinese begin to use ginger many years ago
A.Because it gave food different flavors
B.Because it made food more delicious
C.Because it was good for people’s health
D.Because it made people feel cold
2.Which answer to the following questions can be found out from the passage
A.When did the Chinese start to eat bird brains
B.Why do women like”Queen’s Secrets”
C.What is the advantage of using pepper
D.How do Chinese people stop a toothache
3.What is the best title for the text
A.The Medicinal Food
B.To Eat More Delicious Food
C.The Most Effective Medicine
D.Find a Good Place to Have Food
【答案】CBA
【文章大意】
这篇短文给我们介绍的是中国传统的药膳，不光味道好，还对人的身体健康有利。而且中国人吃药膳的历史很悠久。现在很多外国人都想了解中国的药膳，尝试中国的药膳。
【解析】
1.细节理解题。根据短文第二段中Ginger, for example, is a common spice in Chinese cooking. Ginger gives food a nice flavor. The Chinese began to use ginger many years ago. They used ginger not because it tasted good. They used ginger because it was medicinal.姜这种佐料，中国人很久以前就开始使用了，不仅是因为它的味道好，还因为它是有药物作用的，对人的身体健康有利。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中It is for women who want to look young.可知，这里作者告诉了我们女性为什么喜欢“女王的秘密”这道菜。其他选项中的问题都没有在文章中解释答案，故选B。
3.推理判断题。这篇短文给我们介绍的是中国传统的药膳，不光味道好，还对人的身体健康有利，现在很多外国人都想了解中国的药膳，尝试中国的药膳。故选A。
B
Mariea Sabaté always wanted to work with horses.
“I grew up right here, and when I was a little kid visiting the parks ... all I cared about was ‘Where are the Park Police horses '” said Sabaté, a mounted officer (骑警).
Sabaté trains Park Police applicants ( 申请人), putting them through a 10-week course. “The training covers everything from ‘this is the front and back of the horse' to getting them to control the animal,” said Gratton, who had a similar course.
Horses can help control crowds because they let officers see farther than they could on the ground.“One horse can do the work of 15 to 20 officers,” said Chairs,
another mounted officer.
Horses also make chases ( 追捕) an easy thing. Gratton said she has had a few examples when someone tried to run from her. “I usually catch up with them pretty quick,” she said, “and tell them to let me know when they're tired.”
Chairs recalled one time when a man tried to run up a set of steps (台阶) to get away. Once the man saw Chairs' horse, which weighed about 1,800 pounds, running toward him, he shouted “I give up” right away.
Running through the steps is just one task the horses are trained to do. The horses must get used to the noises, sights and activities of the city before they are allowed to work.
“The first time I took my horse down the street, he thought he was going to die — I thought I was going to die!” Sabaté said with a laugh.
Being able to give horses a new purpose in life is part of what makes Sabaté love the job. “If you really love horses like I do ... this is the best job ever,” she said.
4.When Sabaté was a little kid, she became interested in _______.
A.horses B.parks C.being a policewoman D.being a zoo keeper
5.Which of the following is TRUE about Gratton
A.She trains Park Police horses every day.
B.She got much help from horses in the work.
C.She thought the training course was difficult.
D.She thought one horse could do thirty officers' work.
6.From the passage, we know horses can help the police _______.
①control crowds ② guard the leaders
③ chase bad guys ④ search for lost children
A.①② B.③④ C.①③ D.②④
7.How many things must horses get used to before they work
A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.
8.What does Sabaté think of her job
A.It's the most dangerous. B.It's the best. C.It's hard. D.It's funny.
【答案】ABCCB
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位骑兵军官萨巴特从小到大对于和马一起工作的热爱，并从控制人群和追捕坏人两个方面介绍了马是如何帮助警察开展工作的。
【解析】
4.题意：当萨巴特还是个小孩子的时候，她开始对 感兴趣。考查细节理解题。根据开头萨巴特的介绍I grew up right here, and when I was a little kid visiting the parks ... all I cared about was “Where are the Park Police horses” ，可知他从小就喜欢马，故选A。
5.题意：关于Gratton，下列哪一项是正确的？考查细节理解题。A. She trains Park Police horses every day. 她每天训练“公园警察”马；没有提及，说法错误。B. She got much help from horses in the work. .在工作中得到了很多马匹的帮助。C. She thought the training course was difficult. 她认为培训课程很难；没有提及，说法错误。D. She thought one horse could do thirty officers' work. 她认为一匹马能做三十名军官的工作；这是Chairs的观点，说法错误。根据她的举例Gratton said she has had a few examples when someone tried to run from her.“I usually catch up with them pretty quick,” she said, “and tell them to let me know when they're tired.”，可知马对她的追捕工作给了不少帮助，故选B。
6.题意：从这篇文章中，我们知道马可以帮助警察 。考查细节理解题。①control crowds控制人群②guard the leaders保护领导③chase bad guys追捕坏人④search for lost children寻找丢失的孩子。根据Horses can help control crowds because they let officers see farther than they could on the ground.和Horses also make chases an easy thing.，可知选C。
7.题意：马在工作之前需要适应多少东西？考查细节理解题。根据The horses must get used to the noises, sights and activities of the city before they are allowed to work.，可知马必须要习惯城市的噪音，景点和活动，共三项，故选C。
18.题意：萨巴特对她的工作有什么看法？考查细节理解题。根据短文最后一句this is the best job ever,，可知选B。
二、书面表达
Teens Feelings 是一个青少年网站，以下内容取自该网站贴吧。请你用英语回帖，给Eris提出相关建议。
My problem is that I’m shy and I have few friends at school. I feel nervous when I answer the teachers’ questions in class. I always hate to talk in front of a big group of people. I always stay at home and seldom go out to have fun. What should I do Eris, England
1. 表达清楚，语法正确，逻辑合理，上下文连贯；
2. 词数90左右（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等。
Hi, Eris. I think your problem lies in that you lack confidence and that you care too much about what others think of you.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my advice may be more or less helpful to you.
【答案】
例文：
Hi. Eris. I think your problem lies in that you lack confidence and that you care too much about what others think of you.
First of all, try to communicate with your classmates more, which helps you get on well with them easily. Besides, try to make friends with some of them and join them in activities.
Secondly, when your teachers ask questions in class, if you know the answers, raise your hand. You should encourage yourself to be active in class by answering simple questions. Little by little, you’ll be sure of yourself.
As you know, staying at home isn’t good for you. Why not go out and take part in some outdoor activities Be confident and I’m sure you’ll become much better than before.
I hope my advice may be more or less helpful to you.
【解析】
1.题干解读：题目要求根据Eris的问题提出针对性的建议。Eris的问题是缺乏自信且太在意别人的看法，写作时要针对这些问题来回复帖子，给出相关建议。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第二人称为主，时态采用一般现在时，提建议时多采用祈使句。要分条理给出建议，并保证语言简练，无单词拼写和语法错误。