2023届高考英语高频985词汇（十九）课件(76张ppt)

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英语组
高考高频985词汇（十九）
dignityn.尊严（不可数名词）; 高尚（不可数名词）; 高官/显职 （可数名词）Eg:I treated customers with dignity and respect.<拓展>名词复数:dignities<搭配>：stand on one's dignity 维持尊严/自矜身份be beneath one's dignity 有失体面<真题链接>：A man's _______(dignity) depends not on his wealth but on his character.dignitydoorn.门，户;出入口;一家[户];通道Eg:A salesman was standing in the door.<拓展>：同义词：1. 通道 access passage entrance exit road2. 门 doorway portal hatch aperture gangway gate<搭配>：next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外<真题链接>：Find an attractive neighborhood and market your services doorto _____（door）.doorevidencen.证词; 证据; 迹象; 明显; vt.使明显; 显示; 表明; 证实Eg:Sometimes shoes are the best evidence to show your personal hygiene.<搭配>：evidence against 对…不利的证据in evidence 引人注目,显眼on evidence 有证据<真题链接>：Unless we have enough_________ (evidence), we can’t win the case.evidenceexercisen.练习; 运动，训练; 运用; 典礼; vi.锻炼，训练，练习;vt.锻炼（身体某部位）; 使焦虑，使忧虑; 实行，发挥（作用）; 运用;Eg:Does exercise really keep us healthy <搭配>:take exercise = do exercise 运动Bill was doing a lot of physical ________(exercise) to build up his strength.<真题链接>：exerciseexitn.出口，通道; 退场; 退去，退出; 死亡; vi.离开; 退出; 退场; 去世;Eg:I'll enter and exit empty-handed.<拓展>: entranceenter 出口;退场It’s an emergency _____(exit).<真题链接>：exitfaithn.信用，信任; 宗教信仰; 忠诚; 宗教Eg:She had placed a great deal of faith in Mr Penleigh...<拓展>:faithful 忠实的，忠诚的faithfully 忠实地，诚心诚意地<搭配>：have faith in 对...信任lose faith in 失去对...信任keep faith 忠于信仰That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our ______(faith) and trust in people.<真题链接>：faithfaultn.缺点，缺陷; 过错，责任vt.挑剔，找…的缺点; 批评; 做错，在…中出错vi.找错误，挑剔;Eg:His manners had always made her blind to his faults.<拓展>:faulty 错误的<搭配>：find fault with 抱怨,挑剔,找 岔子 着火to a fault 过度地<真题链接>：This is all your _____(fault).faultfiren.火，燃烧物; 火灾; 射击，发射; 热情;vt.& vi.开火，射击; 燃烧; 引爆炸药; 充满热情;Eg:Burned children fear the fire.<拓展>:firework 烟火，烟花;（热情，怒气等的）迸发<搭配>：set fire to 激励做某事...on fire 着火floorsn.底( floor的名词复数 ); 地面; （车厢内的）底板; 议员席;Eg:Jack's sitting on the floor watching TV.<搭配>：mop the floor 拖地板sweep the floor 扫地futureadj.将来的，未来的; n.前途;Eg:His future as prime minister depends on the outcome of the elections.<搭配>：in future 在将来<真题链接>：The jobs of the _________(future) have not yet been inventedfutureglancevi.一瞥; 闪微光; 掠过，擦过; 随便提到，简略地触及;n.浏览; 闪光; 歪斜，一掠;Eg:I picked up the phone book and glanced through it.<拓展>:1.glimpse 后边不搭配 at , glance,glare, stare 都配 at2.glimpse 和 glance 都是短暂的一瞥,glare 和 stare 都属于瞪着看,其中 stare 属于不礼 貌的瞪着人家看（比如没见过外国人）,而glare属于气汹汹的瞪 （夫妻吵完架）.goodsn.商品，货物; 动产; 本领; 合意的人Eg:Money can be exchanged for goods or services.<拓展>:goody 美味的甜食goodies 货物的复数形式It also has revealed how China was mass-producing trade _________(goods)even then and customizing them to suit the tastes of clients in West Asia.<真题链接>：goodsgroupn.组，团体; 群，批; vt.& vi.使成群，集合; vt.分类，归类;Eg:The fact sheets are grouped into seven sections.<拓展>:第三人称单数:groups 过去分词:grouped 复数:groups现在进行时：grouping 过去式：grouped<搭配>：a group of 一群...guardn.警卫; 狱吏，看守; 护卫队; 防护装置;vt.保卫，守护; 看守;vi.警惕; 警卫;Eg:Those coast guard guys are brave.<拓展>:guardian 监护人;保护者，维护者<搭配>：keep guard 守卫guard against 提防, 预防,防止,防范habitn.习惯，习性; 气质; 宗教服装; vt.给…穿衣服; 打扮;Eg:He has the habit of smoking in bed.<搭配>:be in the habit of 习惯于heatn.热，热度，高温; 热烈，激烈; （身体的）发烧，发热; 发情;vt.&vi.使温暖，使热; 激发…的感情，使兴奋;Eg:Meanwhile, heat the tomatoes and oil in a pan.<拓展>: heating 加热的，供热的；加热、供热hobbyn.业余爱好; 嗜好，兴趣; 小马Eg:He pursues mathematics as a hobby.<拓展>: 复数：hobbiesinstrumentn.仪器; 手段，工具; 乐器; 法律文件;vt.用仪器装备; 为演奏谱曲; 向…提交文书;Eg:Do you play an instrument or sing <拓展>: instrumental 乐器的;仪器的;有帮助的;起作用的区别 facility一般指具体的设施,如 商店、银行、炊事设备（设施）, 还指某种特别的装置和和特色.insteument是多指科学仪器或者精密仪器,如,乐器呀,某种机器的仪器,仪表之类的.equipment是普通用词,表示设备,装置.itemn.条，条款; 项目; 一则; 一件商品（或物品）;adv.又，同上Eg:The other item on the agenda is the tour.<拓展>:复数：itemsjourneyn.旅行，旅程行期; 历程，过程; vi.旅行，出游; vt.在…旅行或旅行到过…;Eg:The journey to india is getting harder.<拓展>:1. travel 泛指一般意义的旅行，是不可数名词。另外，travel 通常只是泛指旅行，而不特指某次具体的旅行，2. journey 通常指远距离的陆地旅行，并且不一定要返回到出发地(即通常指单程)。注：journey 有时并不指真正意义的“旅行”，而只是表示走过一段距离。3. trip 通常指近距离的为了办事或消遣而进行旅行，并且往往要回到出发点(即指双程)，不过有时 trip 也可指远距离的长途旅行，可与 journey 换用，比 journey 更通俗。lawyern.律师，法学家Eg:A lawyer for merrill declined to comment.<拓展>:law 法律、法规lawyer's office 律师事务所listn.清单，目录; 倾斜; 布边，布头; 狭条;vt.列出，列入; 把…编列成表; 记入名单内;vi.列于表上Eg:When's the last time you completed your daily to-do list <搭配>:a list of一览表，清单；一列 on the list 在单子上，在名册中price list价目表 detailed list清单 make a list列个清单；列出单子；造表machinen.机器，机械; 机械般的人; 核心;vt.用机器制造，用机器加工;vi.被机器切削;Eg:It really is our time machine.<拓展>:mechanician 机械师mechanic 技工mechanical 机械的materialsn.材料，原料; 素材; 布，织物; 适当人选;adj.物质的; 肉体的; 重要的，决定性的; 辩证的，推论的;Eg:Concrete is the world's most widely used building material.<搭配>:raw material 原材料mirrorn.镜子，反光镜; 真实的写照; 反映，借鉴; 榜样;vt.反映; 反射;Eg:He absent-mindedly looked at himself in the mirror.<搭配>:mirror of social progress 社会进步的反映namen.名字; 名声; 有…名称的; 著名的人物;vt.确定; 决定; 给…取名; 说出…的名字;adj.著名的; 据以取名;Eg:My mother insisted on naming me Horace.<搭配>:name after 给...取名,命名neighborn.<美>邻居，邻国;adj.邻近的，邻接的;vi.友好; 毗邻而居;vt.邻接;Eg:I found it in the back of a neighbor's garage.<拓展>:neighborhood 地区;某地区的人;与某处邻近的地区;临近街坊processn.过程;工序;做事方法;工艺流程;vt.加工;处理;审阅;审核;vi.列队行进;adj.经过特殊加工（或处理）的;Eg:This is a relatively slow process.<拓展> :procedure程序，手续professionsn.职业( profession的名词复数);（需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水平的某一）行业;同业;（某）职业界;Eg: Many consider education and professions a waste of time.<拓展> :occupation职业，工作profitn.收益，得益； 利润； 红利； 净值利润率vt.有益于…，对…有益的； 得益； 创利润vi.有益； 获利Eg:You can improve your chances of profit by sensible planning.<拓展> :receipts收入； 收据<搭配>: at a profit获利地projectvt.放映; 计划; 发射; 展现，使突出;vi.伸出，突出;n.项目，工程; 计划，规划; （学生的）课题;Eg:A new project should change that.pursen.钱包，钱袋; 财力，财源; 和包或钱袋相似的东西; 女用小提包;vt.使皱起，噘起;Eg:She fumbled her purse which contained the address slip.<拓展>:purse是女式的钱包,而wallet是男士用的钱包。purse是钱包(男人用钱包的很少),而wallet是钱夹(女人用钱夹的很少)。qualityn.质量，品质；美质，优点；才能，能力，技能，素养；品种adj.优质的，高质量的；上流社会的Eg:Buying budget-priced furniture needn't mean compromising on quality or style.<拓展>:quantity质,品质<搭配>:quality of品质<真题链接>：This T-shirt is made of highquality(quality）cotton.reputationn.名气，名声；好名声；信誉，声望；荣誉，名望Eg:He had a reputation for being bloody-minded and difficult.<拓展>:stature声望,发展<搭配>:reputation for名声,名气roadn.路；通路；途径；方法vt.在…设置路障；（狗）沿臭迹追逐（猎物）；（狗）闻着臭迹追Eg:The road to peace will be long and drawn-out.<拓展>:thoroughfare路,道路,公路<搭配>:on the road在旅途中routinen.常规；例行程序；生活乏味；（演出中的）一套动作adj.例行的；常规的；日常的；普通的Eg:She was bored with the deadening routine of her life.<拓展>:convention习俗;惯例;常规<搭配>:break the routine打破常规build〔establish〕 a routine建立常规〔程序〕rulen.规则，规定；统治，支配；章程vt.& vi.控制，支配；判定；裁定，裁决；价格稳定vt.统治；规定；管理；裁决vi.统治；管辖；裁定Eg:Rules are instructions that tell you what you are allowed to do and what you are not allowed to do.<拓展>:stipulate 规定;明确要求<搭配>:break a rule打破规章制度scenen.场面，现场；（戏剧的）一场；景色，风景；事件Eg:The area has been the scene of fierce fighting for three months.<拓展>:sight视野；景象<搭配>:set the scene布置现场appear on the scene出场sciencen.科学；技术，知识；学科；理科Eg:The best discoveries in science are very simple.<拓展>:ology学问，科学<搭配>:science about关于…科学selfishnessn.自私；自我中心；利己主义；任性Eg:Love is the antithesis of selfishness.<拓展>:selfish自私的，利己的sizen.大小，尺寸；规模；胶料，浆糊；巨大，大量vt.按大小排列；改变…的大小；上胶料，上浆；上涂料adj.一定尺寸的Eg:In 1970 the average size of a French farm was 19 hectares.<拓展>:measurement（量得的）尺寸<搭配>:the size of…尺寸,…的大小soldiern.士兵；军人；战士v.坚持；硬挺着Eg:He drew his pistol and aimed at the enemy soldier.<拓展>:enlistee应募者，士兵spoonn.匙，调羹；一匙的量；匙状物，匙桨vt.用汤匙舀取；向上击vi.轻轻向上击；用匙状假饵钓鱼；痴爱，迷恋Eg:Smooth the mixture with the back of a soup spoon.<拓展>:scoop铲，勺sportn.体育运动；乐趣；突变；朋友，老兄v.得意地穿戴；夸示；故意显示；嬉戏Eg:They call rowing the perfect sport. It exercises every major muscle group.<拓展>:movement运动；活动；动作<搭配>:make sport of sb开某人的玩笑stupidityn.愚蠢；愚行；蠢事；蠢话Eg:She silently cursed her own stupidity.<拓展>:foolish愚蠢的；鲁莽的sumn.总数；算术；金额；概略，要点vt.& vi.总计；总结，概括；归纳Eg:What are you doing fooling with such a staggering sum of money <拓展>:arithmetic算术，计算；算法<搭配>:sum up合计sum to共计sum into总数达到sunn.太阳，阳光；恒星；中心人物v.晒太阳Eg:The sun is the ball of fire in the sky that the Earth goes round, and that gives us heat and light.<拓展>:sunshine阳光，日光<搭配>:with the sun随着太阳;在太阳升起〔落山〕时sweatvi.流汗，渗出；发酵；做苦工；〈非〉烦恼，焦急vt.使出汗；使流出，使排出；使过度工作；逼问n.汗水；湿气；繁重、耗力的劳动；担心，焦虑Eg:She looked up at me with pinpricks of sweat along her hairline.<拓展>:perspiration汗水；出汗；流汗<搭配>:all of a sweat焦急的,害怕的，一身大汗symboln.象征;标志;符号;记号 vt.用符号代表<拓展>：symbolic（又作 symbolical） adj. 符号的，使用符号的，用作符号的；象征（性）的symbolism n. 符号的使用，象征主义，象征手法symbolismt n. 象征主义者Eg: A foreign brand is often a status symbol.targetn. （服务的）对象;目标;（射击的）靶子;目的vt. 瞄准;把…作为攻击目标Eg:Canada 's energy sector is another target.<拓展>过去分词：targetedtargetted复数：targets<搭配>：thingn.事件，形势;东西，事物;家伙;事业名词复数:thingsEg:Fear is not always a bad thing<拓展>：be all things to all men (或 people)be on to a good thingbe hearing (或 seeing) things a close (或 near) thingdo one's own thing do the——thingdo things to for one thinghave a thing about——is one thing,——is anotherthreadn. 线;线索;线状物;螺纹vt. 穿成串;将（针、线等）穿过…;用…线缝;给…装入Eg:Note that this code is fully thread safe<搭配>：hang by a threadlose the (或 one's) threadtopn. 顶，顶部;（箱子）盖，（书页等的）上栏;首席;陀螺adj. 最高的;顶上的;头等的;最大的vt. 形成顶部;达到…的顶端;处于…的最前头;领导Eg:France and italy are outside the top 50<搭配>:from top to bottomfrom top to toefrom the top get on top ofoff the top of one's head on top ofon top of the world top and tail Brit. 英top dollar top of the morningtrackn. 小路，小道;痕迹，踪迹;轨道，音轨;方针，路线vt. 跟踪;监看，监测;追踪vi. 沿着轨道前进;沿着一条路走，旅行;位于一队列中Eg:The internet provided multiple tools to track the storm in real time<拓展>: in one's trackskeep (或 lose) track ofmake tracks (for)off the beaten trackoff the tracktraden. 贸易;行业;<美>顾客;买卖vt.& vi. 交易，经商vt. 交换;经营…交易，做…的买卖Eg:quity prices and global trade fell more.<拓展>trade places trade down (或 up)trade something in trade something offtrade down trade intrade on trade uptrendn. 走向;趋向;时尚，时髦vi. 倾向;趋势Eg:But the trend is clear<拓展>同义词趋势,倾向;走向current movement drift course tendency directiontrickn. 戏法，把戏;计谋，诀窍;骗局;恶作剧vt. 哄骗，欺骗;打扮adj. 弄虚作假的;有诀窍的;欺诈的Eg:I know only one trick.<拓展>tricks of the trade turn a trickup to one's (old) trickstrick someone/thing out(或 up) Frenchplay a trick ontunen. 曲调，曲子;和谐，调谐;语调;心情vt. 调整;使和谐，使一致;调整（频率）;为…调音vi. 协调;[无线]调谐Eg:Very young children can tell if a tune or harmony is not quite right.<拓展>change one's tune in (或out of) tunetypen. 类型;铅字;（印刷或打印的）文字;于…类型的vt.& vi. 打字vt. [医学]测定（血型）;按类型把…归类;成为…的典型;Eg:Overloaded methods can sometimes require an explicit return type.What type of transportation does danny like best <拓展>in typeuniversityn. 综合性大学;大学人员;大学校舍Eg:One such is david sinclair of harvard university.<拓展>同义词college academia academevasen 装饰瓶，花瓶Eg:Choose a large tall vase for a more uniform display<拓展>同义词盛液体的容器,壶,罐,水瓶receptacle amphora bottlevehiclen. 车辆;交通工具;传播媒介，媒介物<拓展>：同义词运载工具;车辆conveyancecarriageEg:The moon vehicle system was based on a modular design.victoryn. 胜利;克服;成功Eg:It was a decisive victory.<拓展>同义词胜利;成功knockout success conquest winning triumph winvillagen. 村民;乡村，村庄;群落Eg:You can explore the village on foot or renting a bicycle.<拓展>同义词村庄,村落,城镇burg town dorp community settlement crossroads hamletThanks