专题01 选择题解题技巧--- 备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨(解析+原卷版)

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名称 专题01 选择题解题技巧--- 备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨(解析+原卷版)
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题01 选择题解题技巧
备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨
题型概述
单项选择题的特点是考点多,覆盖面广,题量大。中考英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词、时态、语态、词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句以及交际用语上。从近几年来看,单项选择题始终瞄准“基础知识和基本技能”进行考查,很少有偏题、难题和怪题。只要复习时把基本知识点和基本用法记住,应对这一类题目的难度应该不大。此类题目在考查纯语法、词汇的基础上,更增加了在特定的语境中运用词法、句法、惯用法的考查,突出了对学生英语语言综合运用能力的考查和日常交际用语的考查,即词法、句法、惯用法、语境四大考点。要做好单项选择题,除了必须熟练掌握句型、固定搭配、习惯用法、语法等方面的基础知识,还要掌握一定的解题技巧。
方法技巧
方法一:直接判定法
通过题干提供的现有信息,可以直接利用熟知的相关语法知识,直接捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。
【例题展示】
Everyone knows that Sandy can draw___________than any other student in our school.
A. good B.well C.better D. best
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知此题考查副词的比较级结构表最高级意思,即better than any other student,故此题应选C。
【跟踪训练】
1.Tomorrow is our teacher's birthday and we are going to give ________ a big surprise.
A. his B. him C. he D. himself
【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意:明天是我们老师的生日,我们打算要送给一个大大的惊喜。give sb. sth.意为给某人某物,是双宾语结构,give为动词,后面接人称代词的宾格形式。故选B。
【答案】B
2. —Do you know who taught ________ French
—Nobody. He learned it by________.
A. his; himself B. him; him C. him; himself D. his; him
【解析】考查人称代词宾格与反身代词。句意“你知道谁教 法语吗?”“没人,他是它的。”第一空作taught的间接宾语,用人称代词宾格;第二空表“自学”,用by oneself,主语是He,因此用himself。故选C。
【答案】C
3.My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I'll meet ________ at the airport.
A. her B. you C. him D. them
【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意:我哥哥明天来看我,我将去机场接。此处作meet的宾语;my brother为男性,指代他用him。故选C。
【答案】C
方法二:关键词法
所谓关键词(key word),就是指在题目中可以对判定答案起至关重要作用的词。只要找到题目中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口。
【例题展示】There are few new types of MP4 for us to choose in this department store,________?
A.are they B.aren't they C.are there D. aren't there
【答案】C
【解析】本题中few与there are结构是起关键词作用的。在英语中hardly, seldom, rarely,little,few等是经常用在陈述句中表达否定的意义,其反意疑问句用肯定形式;而there be句式的反意疑问结构也只能用其的疑问结构,因此本题正确答案为C。
【跟踪训练】
( )1. The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon.
A.last B.lasted C.will last D.has lasted
【解析】考查动词时态的用法。句意:昨天下午关于是否养宠物的争论持续了四十分钟。根据后面的表示过去具体时间状语yesterday afternoon可知此处要用一般过去时,故选B。
【答案】B
2. The second C919 large passenger plane _______its first flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on December 17th, 2017.
A. completes B. completed C. has completed D. was completing
【解析】考查动词时态。2017年12月17日,在上海浦东国际机场,第二架C919大型客机完成了他的第一次飞行。on December 17th, 2017表示过去具体的某一个时间点,要用过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
方法三:类推法
如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用“如果A对,那么B也对”的类推法,从而可将A.B予以否定。
【例题展示】
Tom very soon decided____________.
what he would do next B. when would he leave
C. how would he spend the holiday D. where would he live
【答案】A
【解析】仔细分析备选答案就可发现:B、C和D选项的共性是疑问句格式没有发生改变。若B是对的,那么C和D也会是对的。因此只有A才是正确的。
【跟踪训练】
1. Taiji is my favourite and I often play it ________ healthy.
A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:太极是我的最爱,我经常通过打太极来保持健康。根据句意,打太极的目的是保持健康。动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
【答案】A
2. The boss asked Tim to go and ________ out if there was anyone else absent.
A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
【解析】考查省略to的动词不定式。句意:老板让蒂姆去查清是否有别的人缺席。根据句子可知,此处and连接两个并列动词不定式,第二个to省略。故选A。
【答案】A
3. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥, 一位著名的美国演员,总是期望获得奥斯卡金奖,最后他做到了。 expect (not)to do sth.期望(不)做某事。根据语境应该是期望获得奥斯卡金奖。故选A。
【答案】A
方法四:前后照应法
此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案。
【例题展示】
--We are going to fly kites in the park this afternoon.Would you like to join us, Tony
--____________ . I'm going to visit my grandparents.
A.I think so B.I'd like to C. No, thanks D. My pleasure
【答案】C
【解析】本题主要考查would you like to do这个句型的肯定回答和否定回答格式,同时要求根据上下文来表达正确意思,A.B.D三者都表肯定,但与后面的回答意思相左,对别人的邀请,如果表示不接受时,应委婉说出,不能断然拒绝。因此应该选C。本题也适合类推法。
【跟踪训练】
1. Both Mike and I _______ ready for the new high school life.
A. be B. am C. is. D. are
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:Mike和我都在为新的高中生活而准备。both… and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式。故选D。
【答案】D
2. —Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)?
—It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).
A.where show B.which show C.that shows D.who shows
【解析】
考查定语从句及主谓一致。句意:——你看过《人民的名义》这部电视剧吗?——它反映了我们党努力反对腐败,是一部最受欢迎的电视剧。分析句子可知,这是一个定语从句,空格前play为物,关系代词应用that/which,故排除A、D项,且play为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故选C。
【答案】C
方法五:排除法
根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验。
【例题展示】It's not safe for teenagers to give out too much_____ about themselves on the Internet.
A.information B.questions C.ideas D. knowledge
【答案】A
【解析】从题干提供的too much可以明确空格内需要的是不可数名词,因此B、C两个干扰项可以马上排除。再从句意分析,本题所需的不是知识,而是information,所以A就是正确答案。
【跟踪训练】
1.________ useful dictionary it is! It's very helpful for English study.
A. What a B. What an C. How a D. How
【解析】考查感叹句。句意:多么有用的词典啊!它对学习英语非常有用。中心词dictionary为可数名词单数,感叹句应由what a来引导,故选A。
【答案】A
2. —Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest.
— ________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【解析】考查感叹句。句意“简在英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。”“她取得了很大的进步啊!她过去在英语学习上很薄弱。”分析句子结构可知,此处符合感叹句的构成句式:What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!故选C。
【答案】C
【应试技巧】
还特别提出的以上六种方法只是方法和技巧,大家一定要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下,才能灵活运用这些技巧。
比如“直接法”,哪些动词和“to”搭配,哪些动词是“doing形式”,学生要自己做归纳总结。还有“关键词法”,解题时一定要圈出关键词,平时做练习和模拟考时也要养成这个习惯。答卷应该干净整洁,但是试卷最好多些圈圈点点,这样的举手之劳对解题帮助很大。“前后照应法”特别适用于一问一答式题干的题目。考生不要仅凭自己的经验,而要根据下文找到题目中隐含的意思。另外像“排除法”,就需要考生在审题时可以将一些显而易见的错误选项排除,然后再比较剩下的选项,大大提高答题的正确率。
【解题步骤】
解答单项选择题,一般要经过四个阶段:阅读审题——观察分析——选择判断——复查验证。
1)阅读审题
首先要默读试题中的英语句子,了解空格在句中所处的位置,句子缺少什么成分,初步确定一个答案的范围。根据备选答案两者结合起来就会大致明白考查什么。中考题大多灵活多样,是对学生分析题目的能力的检验,所以要认真思考提供的全部信息,避免误人陷阱。
【典例】My father is____________ university teacher. He always works very hard.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【解析】university虽然以元音字母u开头,但不是元音音标开头,前面如果使用冠词,则要用a这个不定冠词。
2)观察分析
这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将试题中所提供的条件和备选答案的情况结合起来去分析、推理,排除那些明显不符合试题,甚至本身就有错的选项,再在剩余的备选中比较分析。
【典例】Tom will sell___________ stamps to help the poor children in the west of China.
A. thousand of B. two thousand of C. two thousand D. two thousands
【答案】C
【解析】数词hundred, thousand和million的用法是在单数形式前加基数词表示具体的量,也可以在其复数形式后加-of表模糊概念。
3)选择判断
在分析句子和备选答案的基础上,经过反复验证,选出一个使句子语法正确、语意通顺,符合逻辑道理的答案。
【典例】Would you mind my bike while I go into the shop The underlined word means___________.
A. remember B. take care of C. hate D. worry about
【答案】B
【解析】mind在日常英语中大多作“介意,在乎”的意思,而本题中mind表达的是“照顾”或是“看管”的意思。
4)复查验证
将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否顺口,再在读法、意思和逻辑关系上推敲一下,完全符合条件则可放心。
【典例】--I can't do the homework myself. It's too difficult.--____________.
A. You can copy mine if you like. B. Don't do it yourself.
C.Ask others for the right answers. D. Don't worry. I'll help you later.
【答案】D
【解析】粗看这四个答案都可以符合本题的要求,但仔细推敲后可以排除A、B、C,从而选定D为正确答案
【强化练习】
1.(2022·黑龙江绥化·统考三模)—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community
—Wonderful. A lot of useful suggestions on self-protection ________.
A.offered B.was offered C.were offered
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你对昨天在你们社区的活动有什么看法?——好极了。在自我保护方面许多有用的建议被提供出来。
考查语态和主谓一致。主语suggestions和动词offer之间有被动关系,表示“建议被提出”,由“yesterday’s activity”可知,这是一般过去时的被动语态,且主语suggestions是复数,be动词用were,所以是were offered。故选C。
2.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)Many Olympic Games players’ winning experience tells us students that we should run after our dreams ________ there may be only hope now.
A.as long as B.even though C.as far as
【答案】B
【详解】句意:许多奥运选手的获胜经验告诉我们学生应该追逐我们的梦想,即使现在可能只有希望。
考查连词辨析和让步状语从句。as long as只要,与……一样长;even though尽管,即使;as far as就……来说,像……那样远。“Many Olympic Games players’ winning experience tells us students that we should run after our dreams”与“there may be only hope now”是让步关系,用even though引导让步状语从句,故选B。
3.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)—Did your teacher call your mother yesterday
—Yes. He ________.
A.said I must study harder at math.
B.asked if do I sleep too little at night
C.wondered how long I study after getting home
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你的老师昨天给你妈妈打电话了吗?——是的,他说我必须更加努力地学习数学。
考查宾语从句。选项B“asked if do I sleep too little at night”助动词放在主语“I”前,语序有误;选项C“wondered how long I study after getting home”时态有误,“study”应为一般过去时,故选A。
4.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)When winter comes, the temperature gets ________, so we should wear warm clothes when we go outside.
A.lower and lower B.colder and colder C.low and low
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当冬天来临时,气温变得越来越低,因此我们外出时应该穿暖和的衣服。
考查形容词的比较级。lower and lower越来越低;colder and colder越来越冷;low and low错误表达,应用比较级。根据“the temperature gets”可知此处表示温度的渐进的变化,应用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构来表示“越来越……”,主语为the temperature,表示气温低应用low,不能用cold。故选A。
5.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)—If you get used to ________ every morning, your health will improve greatly.
—I can’t agree with you ________.
A.run, more B.running, any more C.running, more
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——如果你习惯了每天早上跑步,你的健康状况会大大改善。——我完全同意你的看法。
考查非谓语动词和固定短语。get used to doing“习惯于做某事”,排除A;can’t agree more“完全同意”,固定用法。故选C。
6.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)Which stress of the following words is different
A.Upset B.Promise C.Agent
【答案】A
【详解】句意:下面哪个单词的重音不同?
考查单词重音。Upset/ p set/;Promise/ pr m s/;Agent/ e d nt/。根据音标可知,A项的重音在第二音节,其他在第一音节,故选A。
7.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)Smart phones are really popular today. Some people, especially the young, keep their phones in the hands wherever they go, even while they ________ meals.
A.had B.will have C.are having
【答案】C
【详解】句意:智能手机现在很流行。有些人,尤其是年轻人,无论走到哪里都把手机拿在手里,即使是在吃饭的时候。
考查时态。根据“while”可知,此时其意为“当……的时候”,其后常接延续性动词的进行时,根据“keep”可知,此处应用现在进行时,表示甚至当他们正在吃饭的时候,手里都拿着手机。现在进行时的结构为be doing,因为主语为they,故应用are having。故选C。
8.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Henry, can you believe it Our team succeeded at last.
—Wow, ________ exciting the news is!
A.what a B.what an C.what D.how
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——亨利,你能相信吗?我们队最后成功了。——哇,这消息真令人兴奋!
考查感叹句。根据“... exciting the news is!”可知感叹句的中心词是形容词exciting,用“how+形容词+主谓”结构。故选D。
9.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)What is the sentence pattern of “The food tastes delicious.” ________
A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+O+OC
【答案】C
【详解】句意:“The food tastes delicious.”这个句子是什么结构?
考查基本句型。S+V主谓;S+V+O主谓宾;S+V+P主系表;S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“the food”是主语,“tastes”是系动词,“delicious”是形容词,做表语。故选C。
10.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Hi, Eric. Do you learn English grammar ________ taking notes and doing exercises
—Yes, I do.
A.with B.by C.on D.about
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你好,埃里克。你是通过做笔记和练习来学习英语语法的吗?——是的。
考查介词辨析。with和;by通过;on在……上;about关于。根据“Do you learn English grammar ... taking notes and doing exercises ”可知此处表示学习英语的方式,用by。故选B。
11.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.
—It’s interesting to see how people ________.
A.have changed B.changed C.was changed D.change
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——自从我们上次见到小学同学已经三年了。——看到人们的变化是很有趣的。
考查动词时态。根据“It’s been three years ...”和“It’s interesting to see ...”可知,此处强调过去发生的动作对现在所造成的结果和影响,所以用现在完成时,结构为“have/has done”,故选A。
12.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Victoria has thirty-three sweets. She gives eight of them away. How many sweets does she have left
—________.
A.Forty-one B.Thirty C.Fifteen D.Twenty-five
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——维多利亚有33个糖果。她送出了8颗。她还剩下多少颗糖果?——25颗。
考查数字运算。Forty-one 41;Thirty 30;Fifteen 15;Twenty-five 25。根据“She gives eight of them away.”可知,她送出了8颗,因此应用减法运算。总数33减去8等于25。故选D。
13.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—I hear water running in the bathroom.
—It ________ Carla. She was thinking of taking a shower.
A.could be B.must be C.can’t be D.should be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我听到浴室里有水流。——肯定是卡拉。她想洗个澡。
考查情态动词。could be可能是,表示可能性较小的推测;must be一定是,表示很可能或符合逻辑推测;can’t be不可能是,表示否定推测;should be最好是,应该是。根据“She was thinking of taking a shower.”可知,表示很有把握的推测,意为“一定是卡拉”,用must be。故选B。
14.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—________ homework do you get
—Not much.
A.How much B.How many C.How often D.How long
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你有多少作业?——不太多。
考查特殊疑问词。how much就数量提问,后面加不可数名词;how many就数量提问,后加可数名词;how often多长时间一次,就频率提问;how long多长时间,就时间段提问。根据答语“not much”译为“不是很多”,“homework”译为“作业”,是不可数名词。故选A。
15.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Hi, Alice. What do you think of the film—The Battle at Lake Changjin (长津湖)
—It is really ________ moving film. It brings tears (眼泪) to my eyes.
A./ B.the C.an D.a
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你好,爱丽丝,你认为《长津湖》这部电影怎么样?——这真是一部感人的电影,它让我热泪盈眶。
考查冠词用法。/零冠词;the定冠词,表示特指;an一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;a一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。这里表示“一部”感人的电影,且moving是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以前用a。故选D。
16.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—I think Wechat is not everything in our life.
—I agree with you. We should know how to use it ________.
A.rapidly B.easily C.properly D.politely
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我认为微信不是我们生活的全部。——我同意你的看法。我们应该知道如何正确地使用它。
考查副词辨析。rapidly快速地;easily容易地;properly正确地;politely礼貌地。根据“I agree with you.”可知同意对方“微信不是我们生活的全部”的看法,认为应该正确使用微信。故选C。
17.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Mike is my best friend, but he always copies my homework. What should I do
—________ he’s your best friend, you should still tell him that copying others’ homework is wrong.
A.Because B.Until C.Although D.Since
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——迈克是我最好的朋友,但他总是抄我的作业,我该怎么办?——虽然他是你最好的朋友,你还是应该告诉他抄别人的作业是不对的。
考查连词。Because因为;Until直到;Although虽然;Since自从,因为。根据语境可知,“he’s your best friend”和“you should still tell him that copying others’ homework is wrong”有转折关系,所以这里用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。
18.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—I went to Sanya for vacation last month.
—How did you like it
—Well, It was my first time there, so ________ was really interesting.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我上个月去三亚度假了。——你觉得怎么样?——嗯,那是我第一次去那里,所以一切都很有趣。
考查代词辨析。everything一切;anything任何事物;something某事,某物;nothing没有什么。根据“It was my first time there”可知第一次去,一切都很有趣,用everything。故选A。
19.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)Happiness is very important. ________ you live, ________ you are. So try your best to make yourself happy every day.
A.The happier, the healthier B.The happier, the more healthy
C.The more happily, the healthier D.The happy, the healthy
【答案】C
【详解】句意:幸福很重要。你生活得越幸福,你就越健康。所以,尽量让自己每天都快乐。
考查比较级句型。此句句型是“the+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”,第一个空格处修饰动词“live”,应用副词比较级,happily副词,比较级是more happily,填The more happily,第二个空格处作表语,用形容词比较级,healthy的比较级是healthier,填the healthier。故选C。
20.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—What does your father do
—Guess what My father works in a theatre, but he doesn’t dance or sing. He plays the violin.
—Oh, I know. He is ________.
A.a pilot B.a musician C.an engineer D.a gardener
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—— 你父亲是做什么的?—— 猜猜怎么了?我父亲在剧院工作,但他不跳舞也不唱歌。他拉小提琴。—— 哦,我知道。他是一位音乐家。
考查名词辨析。a pilot飞行员;a musician音乐家;an engineer工程师;a gardener园丁。根据“He plays the violin.”可知,是一位音乐家,故选B。
21.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)All the cups are made of glass ________ the black one. It’s made of metal.
A.besides B.except C.beside D.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除了黑色的杯子外, 所有的杯子都是玻璃做的。它是金属做的。
考查介词辨析。besides除……之外,还;except除……之外(不包括);beside在旁边;with和……一起。根据“所有的杯子都是玻璃做的。黑色杯子是金属做的”可知,不包括黑色杯子在内,故空处应是“除……之外(不包括)”,故应用except。故选B。
22.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)—Look! The girl in the library _________ be Han Mei.
—No, it_________ be her. She has gone to Beijing for an English competition.
A.can’t; can’t B.can’t; mustn’t
C.must; can’t D.must; mustn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——看!图书馆里的那个女孩一定是韩梅。——不,不可能是她。她去北京参加英语比赛了。
考查情态动词表推测。can’t表推测,不可能;mustn’t禁止;can能,可以;must一定。第一个空根据语境“Look! The girl in the library...be Han Mei.”可知,作者语气非常肯定,所以这里表示“一定是”,用must。第二个空由“She has gone to Beijing for an English competition.”可知,不可能是她,所以用can’t表示否定推测。故选C。
23.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)________ important ________ us to learn from each other and help each other.
A.This’s;for B.That’s;of C.It’s;for D.It’s;of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:互相学习、互相帮助对我们来说很重要。
考查it固定句型。本句是“It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth”句型,形容词说明人的品格特征用of,否则用for。此处的形容词important(重要的)不是修饰人,故用介词for。故选C。
24.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)Some kids ________ watching TV ________ playing outside.
A.prefer;to B.would rather;than
C.like;better D.like;less
【答案】A
【详解】句意:有些孩子更喜欢看电视而不是在外面玩。
考查动词短语。prefer…to…比起……来还是……好;would rather…than…宁愿做……而不愿做……;like…better更喜欢……;like…less不那么喜欢……。根据“watching TV”和“playing outside”可知此处应用动词短语prefer doing sth to doing sth,意为“更喜欢做某事而不是做某事”。故选A。
25.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)We’re so much looking forward ________ you.
A.to see B.seeing C.to seeing D.see
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们很盼望见到你。
考查非谓语动词。“look forward to doing sth.”为“盼望做某事”, 短语中的“to”是介词,后接名词或动名词,做宾语。故选C。
26.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)Mr Jackson hasn’t decided ________ this weekend.
A.where he will have a picnic
B.where will he have a picnic
C.where he had a picnic
D.where did he have a picnic
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克逊先生还没有决定这个周末去哪儿野餐。
考查宾语从句。“Mr Jackson hasn’t decided”后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,排除B和D。再根据“this weekend”可知,这是一个将来的时间,所以句子使用一般将来时, 由will+动词原形构成。故选A。
27.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)Anyone who is the last one to leave should ________ the lights.
A.turn up B.turn on C.turn down D.turn off
【答案】D
【详解】句意:任何一个最后离开的人都应该关灯。
考查动词短语。turn up调大声;turn on打开;turn down调小声;turn off关上。根据“Anyone who is the last one to leave”可知最后离开的人应该关灯。故选D。
28.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)—The boy’s made so many mistakes in this paper.
—It’s OK. ________. This paper is very difficult.
A.So have other students
B.So do other students
C.Neither has other students
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这个男孩在这张试卷中犯了很多错误。——没关系。其他学生也是如此。这张试卷很难。
考查so引导的倒装句。So+连系动词/情态动词/助动词+另一主语,表示前面所说的肯定情况也是适合于后者;如果表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于后者时,则用Neither/Nor+连/情/助+另一主语。根据“The boy’s made so many mistakes in this paper.”可知“the boy’s”是“the boy has”的缩写,现在完成时,所以还要用助动词have。故选A。
29.(2022·黑龙江绥化·统考三模)Not only Peter but also his father ________ crazy about the basketball match.
A.am B.is C.are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不仅彼得,而且他的父亲也为篮球比赛而疯狂。
考查not only...but also的就近原则和be动词。根据“Not only Peter but also his father”及not only...but also的就近原则可知,be动词是由主语 his father决定的,所以用is,故选B。
30.(2022·黑龙江鹤岗·统考模拟预测)—David, your room is in a mess. Look at your shoes. ________.
—OK, mum.
A.Take them away B.Put them away C.Take them out
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——大卫,你的房间太乱了。看看你的鞋子。把它们收起来。——好的,妈妈。
考查动词短语。take away带走;put away放好,收起来;take out拿出来。根据“your room is in a mess”可知,此处表示把它们放好。故选B。
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专题01 选择题解题技巧
备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨
题型概述
单项选择题的特点是考点多,覆盖面广,题量大。中考英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词、时态、语态、词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句以及交际用语上。从近几年来看,单项选择题始终瞄准“基础知识和基本技能”进行考查,很少有偏题、难题和怪题。只要复习时把基本知识点和基本用法记住,应对这一类题目的难度应该不大。此类题目在考查纯语法、词汇的基础上,更增加了在特定的语境中运用词法、句法、惯用法的考查,突出了对学生英语语言综合运用能力的考查和日常交际用语的考查,即词法、句法、惯用法、语境四大考点。要做好单项选择题,除了必须熟练掌握句型、固定搭配、习惯用法、语法等方面的基础知识,还要掌握一定的解题技巧。
方法技巧
方法一:直接判定法
通过题干提供的现有信息,可以直接利用熟知的相关语法知识,直接捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。
【例题展示】
Everyone knows that Sandy can draw___________than any other student in our school.
A. good B.well C.better D. best
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知此题考查副词的比较级结构表最高级意思,即better than any other student,故此题应选C。
【跟踪训练】
1.Tomorrow is our teacher's birthday and we are going to give ________ a big surprise.
A. his B. him C. he D. himself
【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意:明天是我们老师的生日,我们打算要送给一个大大的惊喜。give sb. sth.意为给某人某物,是双宾语结构,give为动词,后面接人称代词的宾格形式。故选B。
【答案】B
2. —Do you know who taught ________ French
—Nobody. He learned it by________.
A. his; himself B. him; him C. him; himself D. his; him
【解析】考查人称代词宾格与反身代词。句意“你知道谁教 法语吗?”“没人,他是它的。”第一空作taught的间接宾语,用人称代词宾格;第二空表“自学”,用by oneself,主语是He,因此用himself。故选C。
【答案】C
3.My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I'll meet ________ at the airport.
A. her B. you C. him D. them
【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意:我哥哥明天来看我,我将去机场接。此处作meet的宾语;my brother为男性,指代他用him。故选C。
【答案】C
方法二:关键词法
所谓关键词(key word),就是指在题目中可以对判定答案起至关重要作用的词。只要找到题目中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口。
【例题展示】There are few new types of MP4 for us to choose in this department store,________?
A.are they B.aren't they C.are there D. aren't there
【答案】C
【解析】本题中few与there are结构是起关键词作用的。在英语中hardly, seldom, rarely,little,few等是经常用在陈述句中表达否定的意义,其反意疑问句用肯定形式;而there be句式的反意疑问结构也只能用其的疑问结构,因此本题正确答案为C。
【跟踪训练】
( )1. The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon.
A.last B.lasted C.will last D.has lasted
【解析】考查动词时态的用法。句意:昨天下午关于是否养宠物的争论持续了四十分钟。根据后面的表示过去具体时间状语yesterday afternoon可知此处要用一般过去时,故选B。
【答案】B
2. The second C919 large passenger plane _______its first flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on December 17th, 2017.
A. completes B. completed C. has completed D. was completing
【解析】考查动词时态。2017年12月17日,在上海浦东国际机场,第二架C919大型客机完成了他的第一次飞行。on December 17th, 2017表示过去具体的某一个时间点,要用过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
方法三:类推法
如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用“如果A对,那么B也对”的类推法,从而可将A.B予以否定。
【例题展示】
Tom very soon decided____________.
what he would do next B. when would he leave
C. how would he spend the holiday D. where would he live
【答案】A
【解析】仔细分析备选答案就可发现:B、C和D选项的共性是疑问句格式没有发生改变。若B是对的,那么C和D也会是对的。因此只有A才是正确的。
【跟踪训练】
1. Taiji is my favourite and I often play it ________ healthy.
A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:太极是我的最爱,我经常通过打太极来保持健康。根据句意,打太极的目的是保持健康。动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
【答案】A
2. The boss asked Tim to go and ________ out if there was anyone else absent.
A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
【解析】考查省略to的动词不定式。句意:老板让蒂姆去查清是否有别的人缺席。根据句子可知,此处and连接两个并列动词不定式,第二个to省略。故选A。
【答案】A
3. Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥, 一位著名的美国演员,总是期望获得奥斯卡金奖,最后他做到了。 expect (not)to do sth.期望(不)做某事。根据语境应该是期望获得奥斯卡金奖。故选A。
【答案】A
方法四:前后照应法
此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案。
【例题展示】
--We are going to fly kites in the park this afternoon.Would you like to join us, Tony
--____________ . I'm going to visit my grandparents.
A.I think so B.I'd like to C. No, thanks D. My pleasure
【答案】C
【解析】本题主要考查would you like to do这个句型的肯定回答和否定回答格式,同时要求根据上下文来表达正确意思,A.B.D三者都表肯定,但与后面的回答意思相左,对别人的邀请,如果表示不接受时,应委婉说出,不能断然拒绝。因此应该选C。本题也适合类推法。
【跟踪训练】
1. Both Mike and I _______ ready for the new high school life.
A. be B. am C. is. D. are
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:Mike和我都在为新的高中生活而准备。both… and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式。故选D。
【答案】D
2. —Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)?
—It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).
A.where show B.which show C.that shows D.who shows
【解析】
考查定语从句及主谓一致。句意:——你看过《人民的名义》这部电视剧吗?——它反映了我们党努力反对腐败,是一部最受欢迎的电视剧。分析句子可知,这是一个定语从句,空格前play为物,关系代词应用that/which,故排除A、D项,且play为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故选C。
【答案】C
方法五:排除法
根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验。
【例题展示】It's not safe for teenagers to give out too much_____ about themselves on the Internet.
A.information B.questions C.ideas D. knowledge
【答案】A
【解析】从题干提供的too much可以明确空格内需要的是不可数名词,因此B、C两个干扰项可以马上排除。再从句意分析,本题所需的不是知识,而是information,所以A就是正确答案。
【跟踪训练】
1.________ useful dictionary it is! It's very helpful for English study.
A. What a B. What an C. How a D. How
【解析】考查感叹句。句意:多么有用的词典啊!它对学习英语非常有用。中心词dictionary为可数名词单数,感叹句应由what a来引导,故选A。
【答案】A
2. —Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest.
— ________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【解析】考查感叹句。句意“简在英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名。”“她取得了很大的进步啊!她过去在英语学习上很薄弱。”分析句子结构可知,此处符合感叹句的构成句式:What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!故选C。
【答案】C
【应试技巧】
还特别提出的以上六种方法只是方法和技巧,大家一定要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下,才能灵活运用这些技巧。
比如“直接法”,哪些动词和“to”搭配,哪些动词是“doing形式”,学生要自己做归纳总结。还有“关键词法”,解题时一定要圈出关键词,平时做练习和模拟考时也要养成这个习惯。答卷应该干净整洁,但是试卷最好多些圈圈点点,这样的举手之劳对解题帮助很大。“前后照应法”特别适用于一问一答式题干的题目。考生不要仅凭自己的经验,而要根据下文找到题目中隐含的意思。另外像“排除法”,就需要考生在审题时可以将一些显而易见的错误选项排除,然后再比较剩下的选项,大大提高答题的正确率。
【解题步骤】
解答单项选择题,一般要经过四个阶段:阅读审题——观察分析——选择判断——复查验证。
1)阅读审题
首先要默读试题中的英语句子,了解空格在句中所处的位置,句子缺少什么成分,初步确定一个答案的范围。根据备选答案两者结合起来就会大致明白考查什么。中考题大多灵活多样,是对学生分析题目的能力的检验,所以要认真思考提供的全部信息,避免误人陷阱。
【典例】My father is____________ university teacher. He always works very hard.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【解析】university虽然以元音字母u开头,但不是元音音标开头,前面如果使用冠词,则要用a这个不定冠词。
2)观察分析
这是一个快速而又严密的思维过程。要求将试题中所提供的条件和备选答案的情况结合起来去分析、推理,排除那些明显不符合试题,甚至本身就有错的选项,再在剩余的备选中比较分析。
【典例】Tom will sell___________ stamps to help the poor children in the west of China.
A. thousand of B. two thousand of C. two thousand D. two thousands
【答案】C
【解析】数词hundred, thousand和million的用法是在单数形式前加基数词表示具体的量,也可以在其复数形式后加-of表模糊概念。
3)选择判断
在分析句子和备选答案的基础上,经过反复验证,选出一个使句子语法正确、语意通顺,符合逻辑道理的答案。
【典例】Would you mind my bike while I go into the shop The underlined word means___________.
A. remember B. take care of C. hate D. worry about
【答案】B
【解析】mind在日常英语中大多作“介意,在乎”的意思,而本题中mind表达的是“照顾”或是“看管”的意思。
4)复查验证
将所选答案放在句中空格处再默读全句。首先看是否顺口,再在读法、意思和逻辑关系上推敲一下,完全符合条件则可放心。
【典例】--I can't do the homework myself. It's too difficult.--____________.
A. You can copy mine if you like. B. Don't do it yourself.
C.Ask others for the right answers. D. Don't worry. I'll help you later.
【答案】D
【解析】粗看这四个答案都可以符合本题的要求,但仔细推敲后可以排除A、B、C,从而选定D为正确答案
【强化练习】
1.(2022·黑龙江绥化·统考三模)—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community
—Wonderful. A lot of useful suggestions on self-protection ________.
A.offered B.was offered C.were offered
2.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)Many Olympic Games players’ winning experience tells us students that we should run after our dreams ________ there may be only hope now.
A.as long as B.even though C.as far as
3.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)—Did your teacher call your mother yesterday
—Yes. He ________.
A.said I must study harder at math.
B.asked if do I sleep too little at night
C.wondered how long I study after getting home
4.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)When winter comes, the temperature gets ________, so we should wear warm clothes when we go outside.
A.lower and lower B.colder and colder C.low and low
5.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)—If you get used to ________ every morning, your health will improve greatly.
—I can’t agree with you ________.
A.run, more B.running, any more C.running, more
6.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)Which stress of the following words is different
A.Upset B.Promise C.Agent
7.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模)Smart phones are really popular today. Some people, especially the young, keep their phones in the hands wherever they go, even while they ________ meals.
A.had B.will have C.are having
8.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Henry, can you believe it Our team succeeded at last.
—Wow, ________ exciting the news is!
A.what a B.what an C.what D.how
9.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)What is the sentence pattern of “The food tastes delicious.” ________
A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+O+OC
10.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Hi, Eric. Do you learn English grammar ________ taking notes and doing exercises
—Yes, I do.
A.with B.by C.on D.about
11.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.
—It’s interesting to see how people ________.
A.have changed B.changed C.was changed D.change
12.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Victoria has thirty-three sweets. She gives eight of them away. How many sweets does she have left
—________.
A.Forty-one B.Thirty C.Fifteen D.Twenty-five
13.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—I hear water running in the bathroom.
—It ________ Carla. She was thinking of taking a shower.
A.could be B.must be C.can’t be D.should be
14.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—________ homework do you get
—Not much.
A.How much B.How many C.How often D.How long
15.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Hi, Alice. What do you think of the film—The Battle at Lake Changjin (长津湖)
—It is really ________ moving film. It brings tears (眼泪) to my eyes.
A./ B.the C.an D.a
16.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—I think Wechat is not everything in our life.
—I agree with you. We should know how to use it ________.
A.rapidly B.easily C.properly D.politely
17.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—Mike is my best friend, but he always copies my homework. What should I do
—________ he’s your best friend, you should still tell him that copying others’ homework is wrong.
A.Because B.Until C.Although D.Since
18.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—I went to Sanya for vacation last month.
—How did you like it
—Well, It was my first time there, so ________ was really interesting.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing
19.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)Happiness is very important. ________ you live, ________ you are. So try your best to make yourself happy every day.
A.The happier, the healthier B.The happier, the more healthy
C.The more happily, the healthier D.The happy, the healthy
20.(2022·甘肃酒泉·统考一模)—What does your father do
—Guess what My father works in a theatre, but he doesn’t dance or sing. He plays the violin.
—Oh, I know. He is ________.
A.a pilot B.a musician C.an engineer D.a gardener
21.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)All the cups are made of glass ________ the black one. It’s made of metal.
A.besides B.except C.beside D.with
22.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)—Look! The girl in the library _________ be Han Mei.
—No, it_________ be her. She has gone to Beijing for an English competition.
A.can’t; can’t B.can’t; mustn’t
C.must; can’t D.must; mustn’t
23.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)________ important ________ us to learn from each other and help each other.
A.This’s;for B.That’s;of C.It’s;for D.It’s;of
24.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)Some kids ________ watching TV ________ playing outside.
A.prefer;to B.would rather;than
C.like;better D.like;less
25.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)We’re so much looking forward ________ you.
A.to see B.seeing C.to seeing D.see
26.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)Mr Jackson hasn’t decided ________ this weekend.
A.where he will have a picnic
B.where will he have a picnic
C.where he had a picnic
D.where did he have a picnic
27.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)Anyone who is the last one to leave should ________ the lights.
A.turn up B.turn on C.turn down D.turn off
28.(2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测)—The boy’s made so many mistakes in this paper.
—It’s OK. ________. This paper is very difficult.
A.So have other students
B.So do other students
C.Neither has other students
29.(2022·黑龙江绥化·统考三模)Not only Peter but also his father ________ crazy about the basketball match.
A.am B.is C.are
30.(2022·黑龙江鹤岗·统考模拟预测)—David, your room is in a mess. Look at your shoes. ________.
—OK, mum.
A.Take them away B.Put them away C.Take them out
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