专题02 完形填空题解题技巧---备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨（解析+原卷版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题02 完形填空题解题技巧
备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨
从近几年的中考题来看,完形填空题加大了对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查比例,另外还增加了情景句的考查,把同义、近义或比较难区分的词汇放到一定的语境中考查,这对考生来说无疑增加了难度。这就需要考生在解答问题时应遵循以下做题原则:“先完其意,而后完其形”,也就是说先了解文章的大意,然后才能做题。考查的语篇类型主要以记叙文、说明文为主,词数145~225。考点分析:每篇8~10道小题。以考查语境为主,同时考查各类词的词义辨析。必考点:名词、动词、形容词。
一、完形填空的考查类型
1. 词汇题。
从句子和语境层次上全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2. 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。
从语境的层次来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3. 常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。
涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4. 句法题。
涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5. 逻辑分析题。
主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
一、完形填空解题步骤：
一）、快速浏览，重视首句
在浏览文章时，我们既要重视文中诸如人名、时间、连词之类的关键词，抽取重要的信息点，也要注意不要在具体的细节上花费太多时间。看句子、抓主干、看大意、抓结构就可以了。还需要特别注意的是，完形填空的首句一般不设空。因为首句是整篇文章信息的开端和起点，决定了下文信息流动的方式和方向，也为整篇文章提供了足够的背景信息，所以我们要高度重视文章的首句。
二）、通读全文，先易后难
快速浏览完文章后，我们已经初步了解了文章的主旨大意，接下来，我们就要通读全文，把所给的几个选项分别填入空白处所在的句子中。在做完形填空题时，我们一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系，注意连词、代词、插入语等的作用。另外，我们往往会发现有些空白处在快速浏览阶段就可以填出，而有些在通读全文后答案都不是很明朗。遇到这种情况，不要慌张，在把其余空白处的内容”复原”后，我们对语境的了解就会更加清晰、更加准确，这时再来啃那些”硬骨头”就会比较容易。
三）、复读全文，验证答案
相对于前面两步，第三步往往不被考生注意。完形填空来自于一篇完整的短文，我们的任务是还原短文原貌。我们只有复读短文，才能感悟出所选答案和原文是否匹配，上下文是否自相矛盾，语篇衔接是否顺畅。在复读的过程中，我们可能会发现有些选项需要重新考虑。
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
方法一：利用上下文线索解题
对于大部分完形填空题，我们需要通过上下文的线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近；有些解题的线索比较远，甚至要跨段去寻找线索。
One cold winter morning, Jim fell from his father’s bike and his legs couldn’t move. A doctor 16 him and said he had to stay in bed for some time.
16. A. saw B. asked C. hear D. checked
分析：承接前文“腿不能动”，主语doctor“医生”提示用动词check“检查”，符合句意“医生给他做了检查”。故选D。
No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities that can benefit you a lot in your life. Among them, the following 21 qualities are the most helpful ones.
Have a 22 attitude. ...
Keep learning. ...
Be creative. …
Be honest and keep your promise. …
21. A. three B. four C. five
〖解析〗：根据下文具体给出的例子可在此处是四个。故选B。
方法二：利用重复词语、派生词、近义词等解题
被选作完形填空材料的文章一般前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复出现，或者以其派生词、近义词等其他形式出现的现象，这类题目一般比较容易解答。
But for many years, salt’s most important job was to 40 food. Like other living things, most bacteria (细菌) need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live 41 a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things.
40. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare
〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是数年来，盐的最重要的作用是保护食物。protect保护；provide提供；produce生产；prepare准备。从下句As a result, salt protects food and many other things.知，盐可以保护很多食物和别的东西。故选A。
方法三：利用语法知识解题
虽然完形填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但是一个语义连贯的语篇必须是符合各种语法关系的。因此考生在解题时可以将几个选项分别代入空中，对句子进行语法分析、判断，从而缩小答案范围或选出正确答案。
Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
方法四：利用文化背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理
完形填空题的语篇有时会渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史知识、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间。
Hearing this, the dog woke up, rose with its ears 18 and wagged(摇摆) its tail.
18. A. down B. up C. off D. through
〖解析〗句意：听到这个，狗醒了，竖起耳朵，摇着尾巴。根据常识可知，狗醒了耳朵是竖起，故选B。
Films and TV plays also play a part. People 16._______ their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or 17._______ cigarettes.
16. A. hear B. catch C. watch
〖解析〗考查动词的词义辨析。根据句意，人们在电视上观看….，故选C。
方法五：排除干扰，去伪存真
我们在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。
需要注意的是，很多时候判断一道完形填空题的正确答案要从多角度考虑，把语境、语法、常识等有机结合起来。同时也可以从某个角度选出答案，再从其他角度对答案进行印证。总之，大家在掌握这些解题技巧之后，要注意灵活运用到解题过程中，以提高自己的解题能力。
学以致用
A
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）
Having to set an alarm every day to wake up early is an ____1____ feeling. No one likes waking up early in the morning. Then what are easy ways to have a best day ever Well, the following steps may be ____2____ great help.
Get ready the night before!
The first way of becoming morning persons and making sure you have an amazing day is by getting ready the night before.____3____ you will not forget anything. For example, you must remember to put all your school things in the schoolbag.
Have a glass of water!
As soon as your head lifts off the pillow (枕头), take a glass of water and do some quick ____4____ . The blood starts flowing (流动) through your body and gives you a day’s enough ____5____ .
Listen to some music!
Listen to something that is going to get you up and make you ready for the day. A throwback playlist ( 复古歌曲播放列表) is always a good idea, which will give your body a chance to wake up and your brain ____6____ .
Eat breakfast!
There is ____7____ that the best way to feel and look good for the whole day is by eating a good breakfast. Milk, bread, porridge and vegetables may be a good choice for you. Your body needs food to keep it going and a hungry stomach makes you do things ____8____ .
Remember to smile!
No matter how tired you are or how long the day ____9____ , smiling and laughing will help you get through all the stress, ____10____ the suggestions right away if you want to have a best day ever.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1．A．interesting B．awful C．encouraging
2．A．with B．for C．of
3．A．Make sure B．Be sure C．Work out
4．A．exercise B．sport C．dancing
5．A．weight B．energy C．courage
6．A．something active B．anything active C．something actively
7．A．no trouble B．no doubt C．no problem
8．A．bad B．more worse C．badly
9．A．feels like B．sounds like C．makes up
10．A．Following B．Follow C．Followed
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章向我们提供了一些如何最好地过好每一天的建议。
1．句意：每天为了早醒不得不设置闹铃是一个糟糕的感受。
interesting有趣的；awful极坏的；encouraging令人鼓舞的。根据“ No one likes waking up early in the morning.”可知应是糟糕的感受，故选B。
2．句意：下面的步骤可能有很大的帮助。
with和；for为了；of表所属。be of help“有帮助的”，固定搭配，故选C。
3．句意：确保你不要忘记任何东西。
make sure确保；be sure确信；work out算出。根据“For example, you must remember to put all your school things in the schoolbag.”可知是确保不落下东西。故选A。
4．句意：你的头一离开枕头就喝一杯水并且迅速地做一些运动。
exercise运动，不可数名词；sport运动，可数名词；dancing跳舞。根据语境可知应是做一些运动，而do sports为“做运动”之意，故选A。
5．句意：血液开始流遍你的全身并且给你一整天足够的精力。
weight重量；energy精力；courage勇气。根据“The blood starts flowing through your body”可知应是一天精力充沛，故选B。
6．句意：一个复古歌曲播放列表总是一个好主意，那将给你的身体一个醒来的机会，给你的大脑一些积极的东西。
something active一些积极的东西，用在肯定句；anything active一些积极的东西，用在否定句；something actively错误表达。句子为肯定句，故选A。
7．句意：毫无疑问一整天感觉和看起来好的最好的方法是通过吃丰富的早餐。
no trouble没有麻烦；no doubt没有疑问；no problem没问题。there be no doubt“毫无疑问”符合语境，故选B。
8．句意：你的身体需要食物保持运行并且饥饿的胃使你糟糕地做事。
bad糟糕的，形容词；more worse错误表达；badly糟糕地，副词。此处应填副词修饰动词do“做”，故选C。
9．句意：无论你多累或是感觉一天有多漫长，微笑和大笑将帮你熬过所有的压力。
feel s like感觉像； sounds like听起来像；make up编造。根据“ how long the day”可知应是感觉好像，故选A。
10．句意：如果你想要最好的一天马上遵循这些建议。
following遵循，动名词；follow原形；followed过去式。句子为祈使句，此处应填动词原形打头，故选B。
B
（2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测）
Chinese are very generous(慷慨的) when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the ___11___, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad—to England, the USA or Australia. The Chinese ___12___ that the more expensive the education is, ___13___ it is. ___14___ parents will spend a lot of money ___15___ their children’s education. Even ___16___ parents will buy a computer for their son or daughter. Though they’re not rich, they would rather pay for the education.
Parents can ___17___ that their children’s skills are different, skilled in some areas while poor in others. But most ___18___ fail to realize that the children today need more self﹣confidence.
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to ___19___ tests and how to study well, but they are not teaching them the most important skills _____20_____ they need. And these skills are important to help them to be _____21_____, happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this _____22_____ teaching their children the skills like cooking or doing other housework.
Teaching a child to cook will _____23_____ many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking needs patience and time. It is an interesting _____24_____ difficult experience. A good cook _____25_____ tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish _____26_____ job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will make him _____27_____ good and give him a lot of self-confidence.
Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play _____28_____, will make him interested and want to know more. He will spend hours studying them and trying to fix them. Your child might become an engineer when he _____29_____. These activities are teaching a child not only to study at school, but also _____30_____ to use his mind. And that is more important.
11．A．money B．education C．children
12．A．compare B．believe C．disagree
13．A．the better B．the best C．the good
14．A．Or B．So C．But
15．A．in B．on C．for
16．A．old B．rich C．poor
17．A．see B．hope C．allow
18．A．sons B．daughters C．parents
19．A．discuss B．pass C．give
20．A．what B．who C．that
21．A．educational B．different C．confident
22．A．before B．by C．of
23．A．improve B．choose C．miss
24．A．and B．but C．so
25．A．sometimes B．always C．never
26．A．my B．his C．her
27．A．sound B．look C．feel
28．A．with B．for C．against
29．A．wakes up B．grows up C．shows up
30．A．to think B．think C．thinking
【答案】
11．A 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文讲述了目前中国家长花很多钱在教育上重点去提高他们的学习成绩，而忽视了其他方面能力的培养。指出一些技能可以让孩子学会思考和动脑，这些是更重要的东西。
11．句意：不会在乎钱，父母经常把他们的孩子送去最好的学校，甚至送出国，去到英格兰，美国或者澳大利亚。
money钱；education教育；children孩子。根据“Chinese are very generous(慷慨的) when it comes to educating their children.”和“parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad—to England...”可知，父母是不在乎金钱的。故选A。
12．句意：中国人相信，教育越昂贵，就会更好。
compare对比；believe相信；disagree不同意。结合上句不关心钱的问题，父母把他们的孩子送去最好的学校甚至是国外——英国，美国或者澳大利亚，可知父母是相信教育越贵就越好的。故选B。
13．句意：中国人相信，教育越昂贵，就会更好。
the better更好；the best最好；the good好。the more expensive“更昂贵的”，是比较级，根据句型the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越来越……”可知，A选项符合。故选A。
14．句意：因此父母会花费很多钱在孩子的教育方面。
Or或者；So所以；But但是。上文讲到中国人认为教育越贵越好，与“parents will spend a lot of money...their children’s education”是因果关系，空缺处需要填入一个连词，表示因果关系用so。故选B。
15．句意：因此父母会花费很多钱在孩子的教育方面。
in在……里；on在……上；for为了。spend money on sth“花费钱在某物上”，需用介词on。故选B。
16．句意：甚至是贫穷的父母，也会给他们的儿女买电脑。
old老的；rich富有的；poor贫穷的。根据后一句“Though they’re not rich, they would rather pay for the education.”可知，尽管不富裕，但也会愿意为教育花钱，因此空处是表示一些不富裕的父母，即贫穷的。故选C。
17．句意：父母能够看到孩子的技能是多样的，在某些领域熟练而在其他领域不足。
see看见，理解；hope希望；allow允许。根据“…their children’s skills are different, skilled in some areas while poor in others.”可知，父母应该是能看到孩子技能在不同领域的熟练度不同，与后文的“But…”形成转折。故选A。
18．句意：但是大部分父母没能意识到今天的孩子需要更多的自信。
sons儿子；daughters女儿；parents父母。结合上文父母可以看到他们孩子的技能是不一样的，but表示转折，所以此处指但是大部分的父母没有意识到现在孩子更需要的是自信。故选C。
19．句意：问题在于父母仅教育他们的孩子如何通过考试以及学习好，但却不会教他们所需的最重要的技能。
discuss讨论；pass通过；give给予。根据句子“…only educating their children on how to…tests and how to study well,”可知，父母更关注的是学习方面的内容，tests“测试”，pass tests“通过考试”，符合题意。 故选B。
20．句意：问题在于父母仅教育他们的孩子如何通过考试以及学习好，但却不会教他们所需的最重要的技能。
what什么；who谁；that那个。根据题干，本句是定语从句，先行词是skills“技巧”，在从句中作宾语，引导词用that。故选C。
21．句意：这些技能在帮助他们自信，开心和聪明方面是很重要的。
educational有教育的；different不同的；confident自信的。根据前文的“… the children today need more self-confidence.”可知，现在的孩子需要更多的自信，而从“And these skills are important to help them to be…, happy and clever.”可知，一些技能在帮助孩子变得自信，高兴和聪明方面是重要的。故选C。
22．句意：父母通过教他们孩子一些像烹饪或做家务这样的技巧，可以达到这个目标。
before在……之前；by通过；of……的。根据句子“Parents can achieve this…”可知，父母可以实现培养孩子自信乐观聪明，是可以通过某些方式，by表示“通过”，后面可接一些方式手段。故选B。
23．句意：教一个孩子如何烹饪将会提升很多将来在生活中会遇到的技能。
improve提高；choose选择；miss错过。根据句子“Cooking needs patience and time.”可知，做饭是需要耐心和时间的，耐心也是生活的技能之一，因此教孩子做饭将会提高以后在生活中会需要用到的技能。故选A。
24．句意：这是一个有趣却困难的经历。
and和；but但是；so所以。根据“It is an interesting…difficult experience.”可知空格前后表转折，用but。故选B。
25．句意：一个好的厨师总是会尝试提升他的厨艺。
sometimes有时候；always总是；never从不。根据“A good cook…tries to improve his cooking”可知好厨师总是努力提升厨艺的，要表示“总是”，用always。故选B。
26．句意：因此他将学会努力工作和逐渐成功地完成他的工作。
my我的；his他的；her她的。主语是he，所以此处指完成“他的”工作。故选B。
27．句意：他的结果，一份做好的晚餐，将会使他感觉良好并且给他很多的自信。
sound听起来；look看起来；feel感觉起来。根据句子“His result, a well-cooked dinner, will make him…good and give him a lot of self-confidence.”可知精心准备的晚餐，会让他感觉到非常棒和自信。故选C。
28．句意：一些旧机器，如给孩子玩耍的烂收音机或电视机，将会使他感兴趣和想知道更多。
with和；for为了；against反对。根据“will make him interested and want to know more.”可知，和一些旧家电玩会引起孩子的兴趣。短语play with“和……玩”。故选A。
29．句意：你的孩子将来长大后可能会成为一名工程师。
wakes up醒来；grows up长大；shows up展示。根据句子“Your child might become an engineer when he…”可知，是指长大后成为工程师，选项B符合。故选B。
30．句意：这些活动不仅教会孩子在学校学习，还教会他们思考如何运用他的思想。
to think去思考，不定式形式；think思考，动词原型；thinking思考，动名词形式。根据前文“These activities are teaching a child not only to study …”可知，活动是不仅教会孩子学习的，teach“教”，其短语为teach sb to do sth“教某人做某事”，后跟动词的不定式形式，to study由并列短语not only……but also“不仅而且”和to think连接起来。故选A。
C
（2022·四川泸州·统考模拟预测）
A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and lay around it every day. He ___31___ to the tree top, ate the apples, took a nap under the shadow. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him.
Time went ___32___, the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree every day. One day, the boy came back to the tree and he looked ___33___. “Come and play with me,” the tree asked the boy. “I am no longer a kid. I don’t play around trees anymore.” The boy ___34___, “I want toys. I need money to buy them.” “Sorry, but I don’t have money, but you can pick all my apples and sell them. So, you will have money.” The boy was so ___35___. He grabbed all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy ___36___ came back after he picked the apples. The tree was sad.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so excited. “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “I don’t have ___37___ to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me ” “Sorry, but I don’t have a house. But you can chop off my branches to ___38___ your house.” So the boy cut all the branches off the tree and left happily. The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy never ___39___ for a long time.
Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy, I really can’t give you anything. The only thing left is ____40____ dying roots,” the tree said with tears.
“I don’t need much now, just a place to ____41____. I am tired.” The boy replied. “Good! Old tree roots is the best place to lean on and e and sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears.
This is a story of everyone. The tree is our ____42____. When we were young, we loved to play with Mom and Dad. When we grew up, we left them, and only came to them when we need something or when we are ____43____. No matter what happens, parents will always be there and give ____44____ they could to make you happy. You may think that the boy is cruel to the tree ____45____ that’s how all of us are treating our parents.
31．A．sat B．grew C．climbed D．left
32．A．on B．down C．by D．in
33．A．sad B．happy C．excited D．surprised
34．A．asked B．replied C．thought D．told
35．A．sorry B．lovely C．tired D．excited
36．A．always B．usually C．often D．never
37．A．money B．time C．people D．place
38．A．make B．build C．start D．run
39．A．showed up B．put up C．showed back D．showed around
40．A．his B．your C．my D．her
41．A．sleep B．sit C．play D．rest
42．A．parents B．friends C．brothers D．sisters
43．A．in danger B．in trouble C．in charge D．in case
44．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
45．A．so B．or C．but D．if
【答案】
31．C 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 36．D 37．B 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．C
【导语】本文讲述的是一个小男孩和一棵苹果树的故事。就像有些孩子对待父母的方式一样，这棵树就是父母，父母永远倾其所有使孩子快乐。
31．句意：他爬到树的顶部，吃苹果并在树荫下睡觉。
sat坐；grew成长；climbed攀爬；left离开。根据“He… to the tree top, ate the apples”可知，他……到树的顶部，吃苹果。要想摘到苹果，必须在树的顶部，所以选项C“攀爬”符合语境。这里是“爬到树的顶部”。故选C。
32．句意：随着时间的流逝，小男孩长大了，不再天天在树的周围玩耍。
on在……上；down向下；by通过、经过；in在……里。根据下句“the little boy had grown up”可知，小孩长大了，所以固定搭配go by“流逝、过去了”符合语境，go by和time一起意为“时间流逝”。故选C。
33．句意：一天，小男孩回到树下，他看起来很伤心。
sad悲伤的；happy高兴的；excited兴奋的；surprised吃惊的。根据下文“I want toys. I need money to buy them.”可知，小男孩想要玩具。他需要钱买玩具。所以小男孩有点难过。选项A“悲伤的”符合语境。故选A。
34．句意：男孩回复说道，“我想要玩具。我需要钱买玩具。”
asked询问；replied答复；thought思考；told告诉。分析句子“The boy…‘I want toys. I need money to buy them.’”可知，引号里面的句子是男孩的“答复”。选项B“答复”符合语境。故选B。
35．句意：男孩很兴奋。
sorry很抱歉，遗憾，难过；lovely可爱的；tired疲劳的；excited兴奋的。根据后面的句子“He grabbed all the apples on the tree and left happily.”可知，他摘掉了树上所有的苹果，高兴地离开了。可见，男孩很高兴，所以选项D“兴奋的”符合语境。故选D。
36．句意：那男孩摘了苹果后再也没有回来。
always总是；usually通常；often经常；never从来不。根据后面的句子“The tree was sad.”可知，树很伤心，可以推出，是小男孩“没有再回来”，所以选项D“从来不”符合语境。故选D。
37．句意：我没有时间玩。
money金钱；time时间；people人们；place地方。根据下文“I have to work for my family.”可知，我不得不为我的家庭工作，可见，男孩很忙。也就是说，我没有时间玩。故选B。
38．句意：但你可以砍下我的树枝来盖你的房子。
make制造；build建造；start开始；run跑步。根据前面的句子“I don’t have a house.”可以推出，树是想让男孩把树枝都砍下来给男孩“盖”房子。所以选项B“建造”符合语境。故选B。
39．句意：树很高兴看到他高兴，但男孩很长一段时间都没有出现。
showed up出现；put up张贴；showed back展示；showed around领某人参观。根据后面的句子“Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years.最终，男孩在离开多年后回来了。”可知，这里表达的是：这个男孩很长时间再也没有出现。所以选项A“出现”符合语境。故选A。
40．句意：唯一剩下的就是我枯死下去的树根。
his他的；your你的；my我的；her她的。分析句子“I really can’t give you anything. The only thing left is…dying roots”可知，这是大树对男孩在说话，自然要用第一人称，所给选项C“我的”符合语境。故选C。
41．句意：我现在不需要太多，只需要一个休息的地方。
sleep睡觉；sit坐；play玩；rest休息。根据大树的回答“Old tree roots is the best place to lean on and rest.”和“I am tired”可知，此处男孩需要表达的是：我只需要一个休息的地方。故选D。
42．句意：这颗树就是我们的父母。
parents父母；friends朋友；brothers兄弟；sisters姐妹。根据后面的句子“When we were young, we loved to play with Mom and Dad.”可以推出，这里作者把大树比作“父母”。故选A。
43．句意：当我们长大后，我们就离开他们，只在需要什么东西或者遇到困难的时候，才回到他们身边。
in danger处于危险；in trouble处于困境；in charge主管；in case万一。分析句子“and only came to them when we need something when we are…”可知，这里应该是说“我们遇到困难的时候”，选项B“处于困境”符合句意。故选B。
44．句意：无论发生什么，父母总在那里，为了让我们幸福，他们给予我们他们所能给予的所有东西。
something某些东西；anything任意东西；nothing没有东西；everything所有东西。根据前面大树和男孩的故事经过，以及我们的生活常识可知，父母是会把他们所能够给与我们的“所有东西”都给我们。故选D。
45．句意：你也许认为这个男孩对大树残忍，但那就是我们每个人对待我们父母的方式。
so所以；or或者；but但是；if 如果。分析句子可知，前半部分“the boy is cruel to the tree”和后半部分“that’s how all of us are treating our parents.”之间构成转折关系，选项C“但是”符合题意。故选C。
D
（2022·陕西西安·校考模拟预测）
When I was a little boy, I felt unhappy. I was really different from other kids just because there was something wrong with my eyes.
I couldn’t see things around me ___46___. When my classmates played games happily outside, I ___47___ only stay at home and look out of the window alone. For a long time, I felt hopeless, ___48___ my mother always said that I was the precious (宝贵的) gift in her eyes.
1 asked the Spirit, “___49___ me a pair of eyes which can’t see the world ” Of course, there was no reply.
I turned to books ___50___ help. Books are my friends. When I was sad, they cheered me up; when I felt excited, they shared my ___51___. Thanks to them, I ___52___ to another world where I could learn a lot and enjoy myself.
I began to write down my thoughts and keep them as ___53___ secret. Nobody knew it. When I studied at a middle school, I had a nice teacher. He read all my poems and said “Well done!” He always ___54___ me in class and he kept helping me. Now I can do many things like others. I am full of energy (精力) and confidence (自信) every day. So please believe in ____55____ and try your best to be a better person. Remember that everyone is unique (独特的).
46．A．clear B．clearly C．careful D．carefully
47．A．can B．need C．could D．needed
48．A．although B．because C．unless D．if
49．A．Why you give B．Why do you give C．Why you have given D．Why have you given
50．A．for B．to C．with D．about
51．A．happy B．happiness C．unhappy D．unhappiness
52．A．took B．am taken C．was taken D．will take
53．A．a B．the C．/ D．an
54．A．praises B．praise C．has praised D．praised
55．A．yourself B．you C．your D．yours
【答案】
46．B 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者身患眼疾，但通过阅读和写作得到老师的肯定，从悲伤到变得自信的故事。
46．句意：我看不清周围的事物。
clear清楚的，形容词；clearly清楚地，副词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。根据下文“a pair of eyes which can’t see the world”可知，作者不能清楚地看清周围的事物，修饰动词see应用副词。故选B。
47．句意：我只能待在家，独自看窗户外面。
can能，可以；need需要；could能，can的过去式；needed需要，need的过去式。根据“I ... only stay at home and look out of the window alone”可知，当同学们在外面开心地玩游戏时，我只能待在家里；短文时态为一般过去时，故应用can的过去式could。故选C。
48．句意：很长一段时间，我都感到绝望，尽管妈妈总是说我是她眼中珍贵的礼物。
although尽管；because因为；unless除非；if如果。根据“For a long time, I felt hopeless”和“my mother always said that I was the precious (宝贵的) gift in her eyes”可知，前后句为让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
49．句意：为什么你给了我一双看不见世界的眼睛？
Why you give为什么你给予，陈述语序；Why do you give为什么你给予，疑问语序；Why you have given你为什么给予，陈述语序；Why have you given你为什么给予，疑问语序。根据“... me a pair of eyes which can’t see the world ”可知，此处是作者问神灵的话，且句子为疑问句，时态是一般现在时，故应用Why do you give。故选B。
50．句意：我从书中寻求帮助。
for为了；to到；with和；about关于。根据“I turned to books ... help.”可知，turn to sb./sth. for help“向……寻求帮助”。故选A。
51．句意：当我感到兴奋时，它们分享我的快乐。
happy快乐的，形容词；happiness快乐，名词；unhappy不高兴的，形容词；unhappiness苦恼，名词。由“my”是形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词；再根据“when I felt excited”可知，此处指快乐。故选B。
52．句意：多亏了它们，我被带到了另外一个世界，在那里我能够学到许多并且玩得开心。
took带走，过去式；am taken被带走，一般现在时的被动语态；was taken被带走，一般过去时的被动语态；will take将带走，一般将来时。分析句子可知，“我”是被书“带到了”另一个世界，主语“I”与动词“take”存在被动关系，且由“could”可知，时态为一般过去时，故此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
53．句意：我开始写下我的想法，并把它们作为一个秘密保存。
a不定冠词，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指；the定冠词，特指某人或某物；/零冠词；an不定冠词，用在以元音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指。根据“keep them as ... secret”可知，作为一个秘密保存，此处泛指“一个”秘密，且“secret”以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故选A。
54．句意：他总是在课堂上表扬我，他一直在帮助我。
praises表扬，动词第三人称单数；praise表扬，动词原形；has praised表扬，现在完成时；praised表扬，过去式。分析句子可知，此处缺乏谓语动词；再根据“kept”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选D。
55．句意：所以请相信自己，尽你最大的努力成为一个更好的人。
yourself你自己，反身代词；you你，人称代词主格；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词。根据“believe in ... and try your best to be a better person”可知，此处表示相信自己，并尽最大努力成为一个更好的人。故选A。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题02 完形填空题解题技巧
备考2023年中考英语二轮题型解读与技巧点拨
从近几年的中考题来看,完形填空题加大了对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查比例,另外还增加了情景句的考查,把同义、近义或比较难区分的词汇放到一定的语境中考查,这对考生来说无疑增加了难度。这就需要考生在解答问题时应遵循以下做题原则:“先完其意,而后完其形”,也就是说先了解文章的大意,然后才能做题。考查的语篇类型主要以记叙文、说明文为主,词数145~225。考点分析:每篇8~10道小题。以考查语境为主,同时考查各类词的词义辨析。必考点:名词、动词、形容词。
一、完形填空的考查类型
1. 词汇题。
从句子和语境层次上全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2. 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。
从语境的层次来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3. 常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。
涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4. 句法题。
涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5. 逻辑分析题。
主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
一、完形填空解题步骤：
一）、快速浏览，重视首句
在浏览文章时，我们既要重视文中诸如人名、时间、连词之类的关键词，抽取重要的信息点，也要注意不要在具体的细节上花费太多时间。看句子、抓主干、看大意、抓结构就可以了。还需要特别注意的是，完形填空的首句一般不设空。因为首句是整篇文章信息的开端和起点，决定了下文信息流动的方式和方向，也为整篇文章提供了足够的背景信息，所以我们要高度重视文章的首句。
二）、通读全文，先易后难
快速浏览完文章后，我们已经初步了解了文章的主旨大意，接下来，我们就要通读全文，把所给的几个选项分别填入空白处所在的句子中。在做完形填空题时，我们一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系，注意连词、代词、插入语等的作用。另外，我们往往会发现有些空白处在快速浏览阶段就可以填出，而有些在通读全文后答案都不是很明朗。遇到这种情况，不要慌张，在把其余空白处的内容”复原”后，我们对语境的了解就会更加清晰、更加准确，这时再来啃那些”硬骨头”就会比较容易。
三）、复读全文，验证答案
相对于前面两步，第三步往往不被考生注意。完形填空来自于一篇完整的短文，我们的任务是还原短文原貌。我们只有复读短文，才能感悟出所选答案和原文是否匹配，上下文是否自相矛盾，语篇衔接是否顺畅。在复读的过程中，我们可能会发现有些选项需要重新考虑。
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
方法一：利用上下文线索解题
对于大部分完形填空题，我们需要通过上下文的线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近；有些解题的线索比较远，甚至要跨段去寻找线索。
One cold winter morning, Jim fell from his father’s bike and his legs couldn’t move. A doctor 16 him and said he had to stay in bed for some time.
16. A. saw B. asked C. hear D. checked
分析：承接前文“腿不能动”，主语doctor“医生”提示用动词check“检查”，符合句意“医生给他做了检查”。故选D。
No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities that can benefit you a lot in your life. Among them, the following 21 qualities are the most helpful ones.
Have a 22 attitude. ...
Keep learning. ...
Be creative. …
Be honest and keep your promise. …
21. A. three B. four C. five
〖解析〗：根据下文具体给出的例子可在此处是四个。故选B。
方法二：利用重复词语、派生词、近义词等解题
被选作完形填空材料的文章一般前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复出现，或者以其派生词、近义词等其他形式出现的现象，这类题目一般比较容易解答。
But for many years, salt’s most important job was to 40 food. Like other living things, most bacteria (细菌) need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live 41 a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things.
40. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare
〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是数年来，盐的最重要的作用是保护食物。protect保护；provide提供；produce生产；prepare准备。从下句As a result, salt protects food and many other things.知，盐可以保护很多食物和别的东西。故选A。
方法三：利用语法知识解题
虽然完形填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但是一个语义连贯的语篇必须是符合各种语法关系的。因此考生在解题时可以将几个选项分别代入空中，对句子进行语法分析、判断，从而缩小答案范围或选出正确答案。
Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
方法四：利用文化背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理
完形填空题的语篇有时会渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史知识、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间。
Hearing this, the dog woke up, rose with its ears 18 and wagged(摇摆) its tail.
18. A. down B. up C. off D. through
〖解析〗句意：听到这个，狗醒了，竖起耳朵，摇着尾巴。根据常识可知，狗醒了耳朵是竖起，故选B。
Films and TV plays also play a part. People 16._______ their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or 17._______ cigarettes.
16. A. hear B. catch C. watch
〖解析〗考查动词的词义辨析。根据句意，人们在电视上观看….，故选C。
方法五：排除干扰，去伪存真
我们在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。
需要注意的是，很多时候判断一道完形填空题的正确答案要从多角度考虑，把语境、语法、常识等有机结合起来。同时也可以从某个角度选出答案，再从其他角度对答案进行印证。总之，大家在掌握这些解题技巧之后，要注意灵活运用到解题过程中，以提高自己的解题能力。
学以致用
A
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）
Having to set an alarm every day to wake up early is an ____1____ feeling. No one likes waking up early in the morning. Then what are easy ways to have a best day ever Well, the following steps may be ____2____ great help.
Get ready the night before!
The first way of becoming morning persons and making sure you have an amazing day is by getting ready the night before.____3____ you will not forget anything. For example, you must remember to put all your school things in the schoolbag.
Have a glass of water!
As soon as your head lifts off the pillow (枕头), take a glass of water and do some quick ____4____ . The blood starts flowing (流动) through your body and gives you a day’s enough ____5____ .
Listen to some music!
Listen to something that is going to get you up and make you ready for the day. A throwback playlist ( 复古歌曲播放列表) is always a good idea, which will give your body a chance to wake up and your brain ____6____ .
Eat breakfast!
There is ____7____ that the best way to feel and look good for the whole day is by eating a good breakfast. Milk, bread, porridge and vegetables may be a good choice for you. Your body needs food to keep it going and a hungry stomach makes you do things ____8____ .
Remember to smile!
No matter how tired you are or how long the day ____9____ , smiling and laughing will help you get through all the stress, ____10____ the suggestions right away if you want to have a best day ever.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1．A．interesting B．awful C．encouraging
2．A．with B．for C．of
3．A．Make sure B．Be sure C．Work out
4．A．exercise B．sport C．dancing
5．A．weight B．energy C．courage
6．A．something active B．anything active C．something actively
7．A．no trouble B．no doubt C．no problem
8．A．bad B．more worse C．badly
9．A．feels like B．sounds like C．makes up
10．A．Following B．Follow C．Followed
B
（2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测）
Chinese are very generous(慷慨的) when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the ___11___, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad—to England, the USA or Australia. The Chinese ___12___ that the more expensive the education is, ___13___ it is. ___14___ parents will spend a lot of money ___15___ their children’s education. Even ___16___ parents will buy a computer for their son or daughter. Though they’re not rich, they would rather pay for the education.
Parents can ___17___ that their children’s skills are different, skilled in some areas while poor in others. But most ___18___ fail to realize that the children today need more self﹣confidence.
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to ___19___ tests and how to study well, but they are not teaching them the most important skills _____20_____ they need. And these skills are important to help them to be _____21_____, happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this _____22_____ teaching their children the skills like cooking or doing other housework.
Teaching a child to cook will _____23_____ many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking needs patience and time. It is an interesting _____24_____ difficult experience. A good cook _____25_____ tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish _____26_____ job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will make him _____27_____ good and give him a lot of self-confidence.
Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play _____28_____, will make him interested and want to know more. He will spend hours studying them and trying to fix them. Your child might become an engineer when he _____29_____. These activities are teaching a child not only to study at school, but also _____30_____ to use his mind. And that is more important.
11．A．money B．education C．children
12．A．compare B．believe C．disagree
13．A．the better B．the best C．the good
14．A．Or B．So C．But
15．A．in B．on C．for
16．A．old B．rich C．poor
17．A．see B．hope C．allow
18．A．sons B．daughters C．parents
19．A．discuss B．pass C．give
20．A．what B．who C．that
21．A．educational B．different C．confident
22．A．before B．by C．of
23．A．improve B．choose C．miss
24．A．and B．but C．so
25．A．sometimes B．always C．never
26．A．my B．his C．her
27．A．sound B．look C．feel
28．A．with B．for C．against
29．A．wakes up B．grows up C．shows up
30．A．to think B．think C．thinking
C
（2022·四川泸州·统考模拟预测）
A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and lay around it every day. He ___31___ to the tree top, ate the apples, took a nap under the shadow. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him.
Time went ___32___, the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree every day. One day, the boy came back to the tree and he looked ___33___. “Come and play with me,” the tree asked the boy. “I am no longer a kid. I don’t play around trees anymore.” The boy ___34___, “I want toys. I need money to buy them.” “Sorry, but I don’t have money, but you can pick all my apples and sell them. So, you will have money.” The boy was so ___35___. He grabbed all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy ___36___ came back after he picked the apples. The tree was sad.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so excited. “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “I don’t have ___37___ to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me ” “Sorry, but I don’t have a house. But you can chop off my branches to ___38___ your house.” So the boy cut all the branches off the tree and left happily. The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy never ___39___ for a long time.
Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy, I really can’t give you anything. The only thing left is ____40____ dying roots,” the tree said with tears.
“I don’t need much now, just a place to ____41____. I am tired.” The boy replied. “Good! Old tree roots is the best place to lean on and e and sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears.
This is a story of everyone. The tree is our ____42____. When we were young, we loved to play with Mom and Dad. When we grew up, we left them, and only came to them when we need something or when we are ____43____. No matter what happens, parents will always be there and give ____44____ they could to make you happy. You may think that the boy is cruel to the tree ____45____ that’s how all of us are treating our parents.
31．A．sat B．grew C．climbed D．left
32．A．on B．down C．by D．in
33．A．sad B．happy C．excited D．surprised
34．A．asked B．replied C．thought D．told
35．A．sorry B．lovely C．tired D．excited
36．A．always B．usually C．often D．never
37．A．money B．time C．people D．place
38．A．make B．build C．start D．run
39．A．showed up B．put up C．showed back D．showed around
40．A．his B．your C．my D．her
41．A．sleep B．sit C．play D．rest
42．A．parents B．friends C．brothers D．sisters
43．A．in danger B．in trouble C．in charge D．in case
44．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
45．A．so B．or C．but D．if
D
（2022·陕西西安·校考模拟预测）
When I was a little boy, I felt unhappy. I was really different from other kids just because there was something wrong with my eyes.
I couldn’t see things around me ___46___. When my classmates played games happily outside, I ___47___ only stay at home and look out of the window alone. For a long time, I felt hopeless, ___48___ my mother always said that I was the precious (宝贵的) gift in her eyes.
1 asked the Spirit, “___49___ me a pair of eyes which can’t see the world ” Of course, there was no reply.
I turned to books ___50___ help. Books are my friends. When I was sad, they cheered me up; when I felt excited, they shared my ___51___. Thanks to them, I ___52___ to another world where I could learn a lot and enjoy myself.
I began to write down my thoughts and keep them as ___53___ secret. Nobody knew it. When I studied at a middle school, I had a nice teacher. He read all my poems and said “Well done!” He always ___54___ me in class and he kept helping me. Now I can do many things like others. I am full of energy (精力) and confidence (自信) every day. So please believe in ____55____ and try your best to be a better person. Remember that everyone is unique (独特的).
46．A．clear B．clearly C．careful D．carefully
47．A．can B．need C．could D．needed
48．A．although B．because C．unless D．if
49．A．Why you give B．Why do you give C．Why you have given D．Why have you given
50．A．for B．to C．with D．about
51．A．happy B．happiness C．unhappy D．unhappiness
52．A．took B．am taken C．was taken D．will take
53．A．a B．the C．/ D．an
54．A．praises B．praise C．has praised D．praised
55．A．yourself B．you C．your D．yours
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)