高中英语高考阅读理解专项训练说明文类阅读(有答案解析）
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| 名称 | 高中英语高考阅读理解专项训练说明文类阅读(有答案解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-01-28 15:11:20 | ||
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阅读理解专项训练 说明文类阅读
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
As the coronavirus pandemic spread out, the demand for smell training therapy stepped up, as potentially millions of those who had COVID-19 experienced losing their sense of smell.
Unlike some other viruses that can cause the loss of smell by directly infecting cells involved in detecting smell, the virus that causes COVID-19 spares them. Instead, the coronavirus infects surrounding support cells. To defend the body against the virus, immune cells rush to this site of infection and generate antiviral proteins, which then lead to the loss.
Approximately 80% of COVID-19 patients who had lost their sense of smell regained it without any treatment within one to four weeks. But as three months went by, patient Chris Rogers’ situation barely improved, so he started to seek out smell training therapy.
Twice a day for 10 weeks, Rogers sniffed four kinds of essential oils — rose, lemon, eucalyptus, and clove — to potentially strengthen the survival of newly formed smell-detecting cells or speed up their production and rebuild the connection between his nose and brain. To assess whether this smell therapy was effective, the doctor asked Rogers to distinguish between a number of additional smells before and after the smell training. Rogers did the therapy for 10 weeks and started noticing improvements at week six. At least five months since the smell training ended, the improvements can be more like 75%.
While scientists have recorded improvements in some individuals’ ability to smell, it has been difficult to show how much of that improvement comes from the therapy itself or natural recovery occurring over time, said Eric Holbrook, a doctor at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Hospital. “But I continue to recommend the therapy because such training could speed up the healing process. Also, it’s one of very few and often the only therapeutic options that’s available to millions of COVID-19 patients who haven’t been able to regain their sense of smell for months,” Eric Holbrook added.
Although the benefits of smell training can vary considerably among patients, depending on their starting point, “it is generally not considered harmful,” says Bradley Goldstein, a specialist studying at Duke University. “But we still need to find specific, more effective drug therapies. It’s really an unmet need.”
1．Why did the doctor ask Rogers to identify additional smells before and after the treatment
A．To estimate the effectiveness of smell training.
B．To improve the sensitivity of Rogers’ sense of smell.
C．To make Rogers remember the smell of common oil.
D．To rebuild the connection between Rogers’ nose and brain.
2．Which word best describes Eric Holbrook’s attitude to smell training therapy
A．Favorable. B．Indifferent.
C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
3．What does Bradley Goldstein suggest
A．Encouraging patients to recover naturally.
B．Developing better drug therapies for patients.
C．Conducting the smell training on a large scale.
D．Providing long-term health guidance for patients
4．What would be the best title for the passage
A．The ways of restoring the sense of smell.
B．The significance of smell training therapy.
C．Main symptoms of coronavirus infection.
D．Smell training therapy for COVID-19.
Many people say that they have seen creatures such as yetis and mermaids. However, the existence of these creatures has never been proven. Despite this, these creatures frequently appear as characters in literature, films and television programmes. Below are some of the most well-known mythical creatures, which you may talk about when telling bedtime stories.
Yetis: There are many stories about sightings of a large, hairy creature that lives in the snow-covered mountains of the Himalayas. It is said to resemble a giant ape and walk like a man. Many scientists have visited the Himalayas in search of this giant creature, and though they have never seen a yeti, many people claim to have seen huge footprints in the snow. Due to the cold and dangerous conditions in the mountains, it is impossible for humans to explore there for long, so it is difficult to know what creatures may live there. See also Bigfoot a similar creature from North America.
Phoenixes: The phoenix is a bird that is said to be the size of an eagle and to have colourful feathers. Many stories report that the phoenix lives a long life and that once it grows old it will make a nest and set itself on fire. After the phoenix’s body has been consumed by the flames, it will be born again from the ashes. It is thought to represent the Sun, which sets every evening and rises again each morning. Stories of the phoenix are found in countries throughout Africa, Europe, Asia and the Middle East.
Mermaids: A mermaid is a creature that lives in the sea. The upper part of a mermaid’s body is human while the lower part is a fish’s tail. Stories of mermaids have been around for thousands of years and exist in many cultures. In British stories, mermaids are often portrayed as evil creatures that give sailors false information leading to their deaths. There are, however, many stories showing mermaids as beautiful creatures that help humans at sea. Some people believe stories of mermaids were made up by sailors who saw sea mammals such as dolphins.
5．Yetis are thought to live only in ________.
A．Asia and the Americas B．high, snowy mountains
C．cold and dangerous areas D．places with no people
6．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “consumed” in paragraph 3
A．used up B．eaten immoderately
C．decorated beautifully D．destroyed completely
7．Mermaids have been portrayed as both ________.
A．evil and kind B．sea and land creatures
C．beautiful and ugly D．dolphins and humans
8．The passage was most probably written for ________.
A．biology teachers B．literature experts
C．young parents D．college students
Craftsman Qian Gaochao and his son recently spent more than six months making three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the taekwondo and wrestling competitions of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022. As a national inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of the chicken-blood stone carving technique, Qian Gaochao says that he is working on the other carvings related to the Asian Games in the chicken-blood stone museum in Changhua town, Zhejiang Province.
Chicken-blood stone is one of China’s most prized decorative materials and has been used for centuries to create carved works with characteristic red markings. With its bright blood-red color, bright crystal-like jade texture, quality and shape, chicken-blood stones are celebrated the world over. The artistic value of Changhua chicken-blood stone lies in its adaptability, which can be made into decorations of various sizes and forms. It is not only a mineral specimen (标本) that records geological changes, but also a cultural relic that reflects the productivity of different eras, living conditions and folk customs.
The stone has become a cultural symbol of deepening bilateral friendship in diplomatic (外交的) activities. For example, in 1972, the Chinese premier gave Changhua chicken-blood stones to Japan as State gifts. In 1986, a seal of Changhua stone was presented to the US. In 2016, the Changhua stone sculpture “Haliaeetus Albicilla Duda Portrait Seal” was presented to Poland. In September 2016, 36 sets of portrait seals were given as gifts to guests who attended the 11th G20 Summit held in Hangzhou.
“As a craftsman, I’m not only doing carving work but also recording the development and changes of our society and remembering the era through the medium of my carvings,” Qian Gaochao says. He has created fascinating works, many of which are related to important events in Chinese history and famous people who have made significant contributions to the country.
“We are also recruiting qualified people to continue to inherit and innovate these traditional skills,” Qian Gaochao says. “Additionally, we often hold research activities and provide training courses, enabling more young students to understand and learn Chinese traditional culture,” he adds.
9．What do Qian Gaochao and his son’s recent works describe
A．Famous athletes.
B．Beautiful natural scenery.
C．International sporting events.
D．Ancient folk customs in Changhua.
10．Which of the following does the underlined word in paragraph 2 refer to
A．adjustability. B．probability.
C．capability D．responsibility
11．What are the examples in paragraph 3 for
A．Presenting the popularity of chicken-blood stone.
B．Showing the role of chicken-blood stone in diplomacy.
C．Explaining the approaches to promote Changhua’s economy.
D．Proving the importance of Chinese culture in connecting the world.
12．What do we know about Qian Gaochao from his words
A．He provides free carving courses for qualified students.
B．The innovation of traditional culture faces great challenges.
C．Learning carving skills is not attractive to modern young people.
D．He devotes himself to recording China’s development through carving.
In 1665, Johannes Vermeer put the last drop of paint onto a canvas and completed his masterpiece “Girl With a Pearl Earring”. But years later on an April day a cyclist named Janine Strong stopped her bike and watched unexpectedly in her fitness app as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over streets.
Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as “GPS art”. It is an art category, which means you go outside with your handheld Global Positioning System(GPS) and start moving. The GPS records your movement by creating the dots type of track. This track is a line that details the path you’ve travelled. When you look at this line on the map, then you can see various shapes. Ms. Strong plans her rides in the shapes of stars, birds, lions-and the occasional Vermeer. Then to complete the digital vision of Vermeer’s masterpiece, she biked almost 50 miles around a city to make sure each turn and circle was accurately achieving the covering of Vermeer’s original.
This kind of art form has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people in fitness apps. It is particularly popular in the app. Strava, and experienced a surge in use during the pandemic. According to a report, more than three billion activities have been uploaded to Strava since the beginning of 2020.
The “GPS art” can be considered the 21st-century version of large-scale drawings on the landscape, a concept gradually known for the world. It even has its own Guinness World Records categories. There was once a couple who completed a 4, 500-mile bike ride across Europe that resulted in a 600-mile-wide GPS drawing of a bicycle-the largest such drawing on record.
13．What is “GPS art” based on paragraph 2
A．It is a system established by Janine Strong.
B．It is a line recording the path you travelled.
C．It is an art form realized by GPS tracking.
D．It is an application software creating pictures.
14．How did Janine Strong finish her digital vision of Vermeer’s masterpiece
A．By painting casually on his canvas.
B．By accidentally using his fitness app.
C．By occasionally running around the city.
D．By carefully planning and cycling around.
15．what does the underlined phrase “a surge” probably mean in paragraph 3
A．A sudden rise.
B．A great success.
C．A sharp reduction.
D．A severe downturn.
16．What can we learn from this passage
A．“GPS art” can be only completed on Strava.
B．Strava is in fact an app for people to draw pictures.
C．The art form of “GPS art” is getting known worldwide.
D．Janine Strong created the largest drawing in the world.
For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside.
Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution. People began to notice the problem in the early 1970s. When builders began making houses and offices, they did not want to waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also used man — made building materials which are now known to let out harmful gases.
As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building green plants.
Scientists believe that a plant’s leaves absorb the pollutants (污染物). In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants.
17．Indoor air pollution may be more dangerous than the air outside mainly because _________.
A．the flow of air indoor is limited B．the building are too high
C．people don’t want to waste energy D．the building materials are harmful
18．In the last paragraph the word “absorb” may mean _________.
A．give out B．bring up C．take in D．turn into
19．Scientists believe that plants can_________.
A．absorb pollutions and let out oxygen B．make your houses more prettier
C．absorb all the pollutants D．change pollutants into oxygen
20．According to the last paragraph, we should _________ to clean the air.
A．plant all kinds of plants B．have different kinds of plants
C．have the same kind of plant D．plant more trees
This year’s Winter Olympics were held in two areas, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. The areas get cold in winter but get little natural snow. That meant some serious changes were needed to hold the Winter Olympics. The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.
China took water from a reservoir (水库) which helps supply Beijing’s drinking water and sent it to a nearby river. To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes.
China hired an Italian company called TechnoAlpin to create the snow. TechnoAlpin created artificial snow at several earlier Winter Olympics. For the snow in this year’s Olympics, TechnoAlpin laid over 64 kilometers of pipe and brought in hundreds of snow-making machines. Even with all of those machines, making the snow for this year’s Games took seven weeks.
It’s useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn’t provide enough. But artificial snow isn’t the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural snow might have to change their style on man-made snow.
Still, the machines that make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make several different kinds of snow depending on what’s needed for each sport. For example, the snow they make for downhill skiing is different from the snow made for cross-country skiing.
In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That’s true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather. In the 2018 Games in South Korea, nearly 90% of the snow was man-made.
As the world warms because of climate change, problems like this are expected to become far more common. Michael Mayr, who leads TechnoAlpin, says, “You couldn’t have winter sports now without man-made snow.”
21．Where was the artificial snow in this year’s Winter Olympics created
A．In a river. B．In the mountains.
C．In the pipes. D．In a reservoir.
22．What is the advantage of man-made snow
A．It has more air and less water. B．It is more environmentally-friendly.
C．It can improve athletes’ performance. D．It can be made for the need of each sport.
23．What has made it more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events
A．Advanced technology. B．A shortage of water.
C．Air pollution. D．Climate change.
24．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Future of the Winter Olympic Games
B．The History of Man-Made Snow for Winter Sports
C．The Man-Made Snow Behind China’s Winter Olympics
D．The Secret to Creating Artificial Snow for Winter Sports
There have been few positives during the COVID-19 pandemic(大流行病)but British researchers may have found one: People look more attractive in protective masks.
Researchers at Cardiff University were surprised to find that both men and women were judged to look better with the lower part of their faces covered.
Dr Michael Lewis, an expert in faces, said researches before the pandemic had found that medical face masks reduced attractiveness, because they were related to disease. “We wanted to test whether this had changed since face coverings became common and understand whether the type of mask had any effect, so we began this research,” Lewis said.
The first part of the research was carried out in February 2021 when the British had got used to Wearing masks. Forty-three women were asked to mis (评价)fom 1 to 10 the attractiveness of images male faces without a mask, wearing a simple cloth mask, a blue medical face mask, and holding a black book covering the area a face mask would hide.
The participants said those wearing a cloth mask were more attractive than the ones with no masks or whose faces were partly covered by the book. But the blue medical mask made the wearer look even better. “At a time when we feel unprotected, we may find the wearing of medical masks safe and so feel more positive towards the wearer,” Lewis explained.
Lewis said it was also possible that masks directed attention to the eyes. He said other studies had found that covering the left or right half of a face also made people look more attractive, partly because the brain fills in the missing gaps and exaggerates(夸大)the overall effect.
“The pandemic has changed our psychology in how we view the wearers of masks.”, said Lewis “When we see someone wearing a mask we no longer think ‘that person has a disease, and I need to stay away’ ”
25．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the main topic.
B．To show the importance of the finding.
C．To advice readers to protect themselves.
D．To stress the importance of wearing masks.
26．The research was conducted partly because researchers wanted__________.
A．to test how the medical face masks work during the pandemic
B．to study the effect the medical masks have during the pandemic
C．to show wearing medical face masks reduces people’s attractiveness
D．to explain the importance of wearing medical face masks during the pandemic
27．Which of the following is the most attractive according to the research
A．Leaving face uncovered.
B．Hiding the face with a book.
C．Wearing a blue medical mask.
D．Wearing a simple cloth mask.
28．What can we inferred from the last paragraph
A．People have changed their attitude to doctors.
B．People prefer to wear masks when they are ill.
C．People keep a positive attitude to people with illness.
D．People have a more positive view on those wearing masks.
Consumers in the U.S. spend billions of dollars a year on gifts wrapping. Two colleagues and I wondered whether all that time and effort is actually worth it. So we conducted three experiments to explore the impact of gift wrapping.
In the first experiment, we involved 180 students, who were given a gift—a coffee cup with the logo of one of two NBA basketball teams, the local Miami Heat or rival (竞争对手) Orlando Magic. Every participant was a fan of the Heat and they obviously didn’t support the Magic. We gave half of the students a desirable gift, while the others received something they disliked. Finally, half of the gifts were wrapped neatly, while the rest looked sloppy (凌乱的).
We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift—regardless of which cup they got.
To understand why, we asked another set of students to report their expectations about either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. Results showed that expectations were significantly higher for the neatly wrapped gifts. However, receivers of the neatly wrapped gift reported that it failed to live up to their expectations, while those who got the sloppily wrapped gift said it surpassed (超过) their expectations.
In our final experiment, we surveyed 261 adults and asked them to imagine receiving either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. This time we instructed half of them to imagine the gift was from a close friend, while the other half believed it came from an acquaintance (熟人). Then we revealed the gift and asked them to rate it.
When it came from a close friend, receivers ended up liking the sloppily wrapped gift more. However, for the gift from an acquaintance, receivers preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue for how much the gift-giver values their relationship.
So if you’re stressed over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself effort and money by wrapping your friends’ gifts haphazardly (随意地). But for someone you don’t know quite as well, it’s probably worth it to show that you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the beautiful bows.
29．What did the researchers find in the first experiment
A．A desirable gift is expected to be wrapped sloppily.
B．Participants were more interested in neatly wrapped gifts.
C．A sloppily wrapped gift can make the receiver much happier.
D．Participants responded the same to gifts with different wrappings.
30．Why did the researchers carry out the second experiment
A．To further explain the result of the first experiment.
B．To compare receivers’ expectations for the same gifts.
C．To know why receivers have different expectations for gifts.
D．To find out the impact of wrapping on receives’ expectations.
31．What do neatly wrapped gifts show according to the third experiment
A．The gift giver is very skilled at wrapping gifts,
B．The gift giver has a close relationship with the receiver.
C．The gift giver attaches great importance to the relationship.
D．The gift giver wants to become a close friend of the receiver.
32．What does the author want to do in the last paragraph
A．To give examples. B．To make suggestions.
C．To make comparisons. D．To present an argument.
Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy (读写能力) education, and reading-centered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a public library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.
There are several primary sources of library funding, starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants (拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries — most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.
Grants and private donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries by donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like after-hours visits or privileged access to special collections.
By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead after-school programs, or organize fund-raisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to your local community.
33．How many main sources of library funding are mentioned
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
34．How is the funding made use of according to the text
A．By exploring more about history.
B．By developing a scientific computer system.
C．By providing help for after-school activities.
D．By enriching special collections for the donors.
35．What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to in the last paragraph
A．Viewers in the library.
B．Programs used to view documents.
C．People running the library.
D．Donors visiting the library regularly.
36．What is the text mainly about
A．Stressing the value of public libraries.
B．Appealing for donation to local libraries.
C．Introducing sources of public library funding.
D．Showing the procedure of funding libraries.
Here are some of the world’s most impressive subways.
The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines Features: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that compose Tokyo’s massive subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya—literally, “pusher”—who shove passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close. And you think your commute is hell.
The Moscow Metro Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers(枝形吊灯), marble moldings and elaborate murals(精美的壁画). With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden.
The Hong Kong Metro Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores, supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated that 95 % of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card.
Shanghai Metro Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened. Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day.
The London Metro Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground. No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains started in1863 and they’ve been running ever since. Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”.
37．Which one can provide the riders some wonderful decorations at the stations A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines. B．The London Metro.
C．The Moscow Metro. D．The Hong Kong MTR.
38．________ is done with the purpose of making money.
A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines B．The Hong Kong MTR
C．The London Metro D．The Moscow Metro
39．We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro ________.
A．carries the most people each day B．is the world’s largest
C．is the busiest in the world D．may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future
40．How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
试卷第11页，共33页
试卷第11页，共33页
参考答案：
1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新冠病毒大流行的背景下，嗅觉训练疗法的需求不断增加的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To assess whether this smell therapy was effective, the doctor asked Rogers to distinguish between a number of additional smells before and after the smell training.(为了评估这种气味疗法是否有效，医生要求罗杰斯在气味训练前后区分一些额外的气味)”可知，医生要求罗杰斯在气味训练前后区分一些额外的气味是为了评估这种气味疗法是否有效。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘But I continue to recommend the therapy because such training could speed up the healing process. Also, it’s one of very few and often the only therapeutic options that’s available to millions of COVID-19 patients who haven’t been able to regain their sense of smell for months,’ Eric Holbrook added. (但我仍然推荐这种疗法，因为这样的训练可以加快愈合的过程。此外，对于数百万数月来无法恢复嗅觉的COVID-19患者来说，这是为数不多、往往也是唯一的治疗选择之一)可推知，埃里克·霍尔布鲁克对气味训练疗法的态度是赞成的。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But we still need to find specific, more effective drug therapies. It’s really an unmet need. (但我们仍然要找到具体的，更有效的药物疗法。这确实是一个未被满足的需求)可知，Bradly Goldstein的建议是为患者开发更好的药物疗法。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As the coronavirus pandemic spread out, the demand for smell training therapy stepped up, as potentially millions of those who had COVID-19 experienced losing their sense of smell.(随着冠状病毒大流行的蔓延，对嗅觉训练疗法的需求上升，因为可能有数百万患有COVID-19的人失去了嗅觉。)”及全文可知，研究表明，由于新冠肺炎，全球数百万人可能面临长期的嗅觉或味觉问题，嗅觉训练疗法，所以本文介绍了嗅觉训练的相关信息，故“Smell training therapy for COVID-19.(COVID-19的嗅觉训练疗法。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经常在文学作品中出现，但未得到过证实的著名的神秘生物。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are many stories about sightings of a large, hairy creature that lives in the snow-covered mountains of the Himalayas.(有许多关于生活在喜马拉雅山脉白雪覆盖的山脉中的大型多毛生物的故事。)”可知，在很多故事中，Yetis生活在白雪覆盖的喜马拉雅山脉中，由此可知，人们认为Yetis生活在高的被雪覆盖的山上。故选B项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Many stories report that the phoenix lives a long life and that once it grows old it will make a nest and set itself on fire.(许多故事报道说，凤凰的寿命很长，一旦它变老，它就会筑巢并自焚。)”可知，很多故事说凤凰会自焚，结合下文中的“it will be born again from the ashes.(它将从灰烬中重生。)”凤凰会在灰烬中重生，由此可知，划线单词所在的句子表示为“凤凰的身体被烧毁后”，所以该单词的意思是“烧毁”。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“In British stories, mermaids are often portrayed as evil creatures that give sailors false information leading to their deaths. There are, however, many stories showing mermaids as beautiful creatures that help humans at sea.(在英国的故事中，美人鱼经常被描绘成邪恶的生物，给水手提供导致死亡的虚假信息。然而，有许多故事展现的美人鱼是帮助海上人类的美丽生物。)”可知，英国的故事中，美人鱼经常被描述为邪恶的给水手提供虚假信息的生物，也有一些把美人鱼描述为帮助人类的漂亮的生物。故选A项。
8．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Below are some of the most well-known mythical creatures, which you may talk about when telling bedtime stories.(以下是一些最著名的神秘生物，您在讲睡前故事时可能会谈论它们。)”可知，本文讲述的神话生物经常是在睡前故事中出现，由此可判断，本文只要是写给年轻的父母的。故选C项。
9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2022年，作为非物质文化遗产鸡血石雕传承人的钱高潮花费数月创作亚运主题石雕，献礼杭州亚运会的事。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Craftsman Qian Gaochao and his son recently spent more than six months making three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the taekwondo and wrestling competitions of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022.”（工匠钱高潮和他的儿子最近花了六个多月的时间制作了三个“鸡血”石雕，展示了2022年杭州第19届亚运会跆拳道和摔跤比赛。）可知，钱高潮和他的儿子最近制作了三个“鸡血”石雕，展示了2022年杭州第19届亚运会跆拳道和摔跤比赛，由此可知，钱高潮父子最近的作品描述了国际体育赛事。故选C项。
10．词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“which can be made into decorations of various sizes and forms”（可以做成各种大小和形状的装饰品）可知，昌化鸡血石具有适应性，可以做成各种大小和形状的装饰品，“adjustability”意为“适应性”，能够表达画线单词句中所要表达的意思。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“The stone has become a cultural symbol of deepening bilateral friendship in diplomatic (外交的) activities.”（在外交活动中，这块石头已成为加深两国友谊的文化象征。）可知，本段内容介绍了鸡血石在外交中的作用，它已成为加深两国友谊的文化象征，并列举了向日本、波兰等国赠送鸡血石的例子，由此可知，第3段中的例子是为了展示了鸡血石在外交中的作用。故选B项。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“‘As a craftsman, I’m not only doing carving work but also recording the development and changes of our society and remembering the era through the medium of my carvings,’ Qian Gaochao says.”（钱高潮说：“作为一名工匠，我不仅从事雕刻工作，还通过雕刻记录我们社会的发展和变化，并铭记时代。”）可知，钱高潮通过雕刻记录我们社会的发展和变化，并铭记时代，由此可知，我们从钱高潮的话中了解到他致力于通过雕刻记录中国的发展。故选D项。
13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了由珍妮·斯特朗创造的全新的艺术形式——GPS艺术并且这种艺术正在受到世界范围的欢迎和关注。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is an art category, which means you go outside with your handheld Global Positioning System(GPS) and start moving.”（这是一种艺术类别，意味着你带着你的手持全球定位系统(GPS)然后开始移动。）可知，它是一种根据GPS跟踪实现的艺术形式。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then to complete the digital vision of Vermeer’s masterpiece, she biked almost 50 miles around a city to make sure each turn and circle was accurately achieving the covering of Vermeer’s original. ”（接下来为了完成维米尔的数字视觉，她围绕城市骑行将近50英里以确保每个转弯和圆圈精准地实现了维米尔原作的覆盖。）可知，珍妮·斯特朗完成她对维米尔杰作的数字视觉是通过骑自行车并做了路线规划而实现的。故选D项。
15．考查词句猜测题。根据第三段“According to a report, more than three billion activities have been uploaded to Strava since the beginning of 2020.”（根据报道，自从2020年初，超过30亿项活动已经被上传到Strava。）可知，通过列举超过30多亿在Strava上传数据的事例，推断出Strava这个软件在疫情期间的使用数量大幅度增长，a sudden rise意为“突然上升”符合题意。故选A项。
16．细节理解题。根据第四段“The “GPS art” can be considered the 21st-century version of large-scale drawings on the landscape, a concept gradually known for the world.”（“GPS艺术”被认为是二十一世纪大幅在风景上绘画的版本，一个逐渐被世界所知的概念。）可知，“GPS艺术”这种艺术形式正在被世界所了解。故选C项。
17．A 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了现代住宅都存在某种程度的室内污染，并给出了净化室内环境的办法。
17．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also used man — made building materials which are now known to let out harmful gases.(为了做到这一点，他们建造了限制内外空气流动的建筑物。他们还使用人造建筑材料，这些材料现在已经知道会释放有害气体)”可推知，室内空气污染可能比室外空气更危险，主要是因为室内的空气流通受限。故选A。
18．词义猜测题。根据所猜词下一句“In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves(作为交换，植物通过叶子释放氧气)”可知，植物要先吸入才能释放。由此推知，所猜词的意思为“吸入”。A. give out分发；B. bring up抚养；C. take in吸入；D. turn into变为。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists believe that a plant’s leaves absorb the pollutants (污染物). In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves.(科学家认为植物的叶子可以吸收污染物。作为交换，植物通过叶子释放氧气)”可知，植物可以吸收有害物质并释放出氧气。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants.(因此，清洁空气最有效的方法是使用不同种类的植物)”可知，在家里净化空气需要种植不同种类的植物。故选B。
21．B 22．D 23．D 24．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。北京冬奥会几乎是在100%的人工雪上举行的，这是奥运会历史上的第一次。文章对此进行了介绍。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes.(为了把水运到山上造雪，国家铺设了数英里长的管道。)”可知，今年冬奥会的人工雪是在山上造的。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第五段前两句“Still, the machines that make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make several different kinds of snow depending on what’s needed for each sport.(不过，制造人工雪的机器还是相当先进的。他们可以根据每种运动的需要制作几种不同的雪。)”可知，人造雪的优点是它可以满足各种运动的需要。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据第六段前三句“In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That’s true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather.(近年来，在冬季体育赛事中使用人造雪变得越来越普遍。即使在过去自然有很多雪的地方也是如此。由于天气温暖，2010年和2014年冬季奥运会使用了一些人工雪。)”可知，气候变化使得在冬季体育赛事中使用人造雪变得更加普遍。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.(冬奥会几乎是在100%的人工雪上举行的，这是奥运会历史上的第一次。)”可知，文章主要是讲中国冬奥会上的人工造雪，C项“中国冬奥会背后的人造雪”最适合做文章标题。故选C。
25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍英国的研究人员发现戴着口罩的人更有吸引力，因为无论男性还是女性，人们都认为遮住脸的下半部分看起来更好看。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段“There have been few positives during the COVID-19 pandemic(大流行病)but British researchers may have found one: People look more attractive in protective masks. (在COVID-19大流行期间，几乎没有什么积极的方面，但英国研究人员可能发现了一个积极的方面：戴着防护口罩的人看起来更有吸引力。)”以及第二段“Researchers at Cardiff University were surprised to find that both men and women were judged to look better with the lower part of their faces covered. (卡迪夫大学的研究人员惊讶地发现，无论男性还是女性，人们都认为遮住脸的下半部分看起来更好看。)”可知，第一段主要是为了引出本文的主题，也就是为什么戴着口罩的人会更具有吸引力。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr Michael Lewis, an expert in faces, said researches before the pandemic had found that medical face masks reduced attractiveness, because they were related to disease. “We wanted to test whether this had changed since face coverings became common and understand whether the type of mask had any effect, so we began this research,” Lewis said.(面部专家Michael Lewis博士表示，疫情前的研究发现，医用口罩会降低吸引力，因为它们与疾病有关。Lewis说：“我们想测试自从口罩变得普遍以来，这种情况是否发生了变化，并了解这种口罩类型是否有任何影响，所以我们开始了这项研究。”)”可知，研究人员是想看看医用口罩在疫情期间的影响。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第五段“The participants said those wearing a cloth mask were more attractive than the ones with no masks or whose faces were partly covered by the book. But the blue medical mask made the wearer look even better. ( 参与者表示，戴口罩的人比不戴口罩或脸部部分被书遮住的人更有吸引力。但蓝色医用口罩让佩戴者看起来更好看。)”可知，戴蓝色医用口罩的人最好看。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The pandemic has changed our psychology in how we view the wearers of masks. ”, said Lewis “When we see someone wearing a mask we no longer think ‘that person has a disease, and I need to stay away’ ”(“大流行改变了我们对戴口罩者的看法。Lewis说，“当我们看到有人戴着口罩时，我们不再想‘那个人有疾病，我需要远离他’。”)”可推断，人们现在对佩戴口罩的人有了积极的看法。故选D。
29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者发现美国消费者每年在礼品包装上花费较多，为了弄清花费如此多时间和努力是否真的值得，便进行了三个实验来探索礼物包装对人的的影响。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift—regardless of which cup they got.(我们发现，那些收到包装粗糙的礼物的人明显比那些收到包装整齐的礼物的人更喜欢他们的礼物——不管他们得到的是哪个杯子。)”可知，研究人员在第一个实验中发现，包装粗糙的礼物会让收礼物的人更开心。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第四自然段“To understand why, we asked another set of students to report their expectations about either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift.(为了了解出现该结果的原因，我们让另一组学生报告他们对包装整齐或粗糙的礼物的期望。)”可知，进行第二个实验的原因是为了进一步解释第一个实验的结果。故选A项。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第六自然段“However, for the gift from an acquaintance, receivers preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue for how much the gift-giver values their relationship.(然而，如果是熟人送的礼物，收礼者更喜欢包装整齐的。之所以会出现这种情况，是因为这些参与者将包装作为送礼者对他们之间关系重视程度的线索。)”可知，包装整齐的礼物说明送礼者非常重视这一关系。故选C项。
32．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So if you’re stressed over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself effort and money by wrapping your friends’ gifts haphazardly (随意地). But for someone you don’t know quite as well, it’s probably worth it to show that you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the beautiful bows.( 所以，如果这个假期你对礼物包装感到压力很大，考虑一下随意包装朋友的礼物来节省精力和金钱。但对于那些你不太了解的人来说，用这些漂亮的蝴蝶结来展示你花了一些精力让它看起来很漂亮可能是值得的。)”可知，作者给出了一些送礼物时如何进行包装的建议。所以作者想通过最后一段给出一些建议。故选B项。
33．B 34．C 35．A 36．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“There are several primary sources of library funding, starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants (拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries — most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.(图书馆的资金有几个主要来源，首先是分配给州或省的国家基金。这些地区会把资金捐给公共图书馆。地方政府在为图书馆提供资金方面也发挥着重要作用，大多数图书馆员都申请拨款。最后，私人捐赠有助于维护图书馆——大多数图书馆都有一个“图书馆之友”协会，该协会组织筹款销售，并支付年费来帮助维护图书馆。)”可知，图书馆资金来源主要有三个：国家资金、当地政府的拨款及私人捐款。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs.(补助金包括允许图书馆安装和升级计算机系统的技术补助金，专注于特定主题的补助金，如科学、小说、儿童书籍或当地历史，以及支持当地社区努力的教育补助金，如课后阅读计划。)” 可知，有些资金用于为学生举办一些课外阅读活动。故选C。
35．词义猜测题。根据划线句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers.”可知，通过组合多种资源，有创造力的图书馆馆长可以使他们的图书馆有用、信息丰富并且对于browsers来说有趣。可推知browsers应是去图书馆的人。故选A。
36．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段“There are several primary sources of library funding, starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants (拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries — most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.(图书馆的资金有几个主要来源，首先是分配给州或省的国家基金。这些地区会把资金捐给公共图书馆。地方政府在为图书馆提供资金方面也发挥着重要作用，大多数图书馆员都申请拨款。最后，私人捐赠有助于维护图书馆——大多数图书馆都有一个“图书馆之友”协会，该协会组织筹款销售，并支付年费来帮助维护图书馆。)”可知，本文介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源，故选C。
37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上几大地铁的具体情况。
37．细节理解题。根据“The Moscow Metro(莫斯科地铁)”部分中“The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers, marble moldings and elaborate murals.(Moscow Metro有世界上最漂亮的车站，最好的一些车站在斯大林主义的时代建造，有着枝形吊灯、大理石造型和精美的壁画)”可知，莫斯科地铁的装饰非常漂亮。故选C项。
38．细节理解题。根据“The Hong Kong MTR(香港地铁)”部分中“of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership.(世界上为数不多的实际上变成利润的地铁系统之一。它是私人拥有的，并且在沿线发展房地产来增加收入和乘客人数)”可知，香港地铁是为了获得利润。故选B项。
39．细节理解题。根据“Shanghai Metro(上海地铁)”部分中“By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago“L”.(到那时候，会比芝加哥的L线路规模大三倍。)”可知，D项“未来的上海地铁会比芝加哥的大三倍。”符合文意。故选D项。
40．细节理解题。根据“The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines(东京地铁及东映线)”部分“carry almost 8 million people each day.(每天装载八百万人)”及“The Moscow Metro(莫斯科地铁)”部分“With more than 7 million riders a day(每天超过七百万人搭地铁)”可知，有两个地铁每天载客数超过五百万。故选A项。
答案第11页，共22页
答案第11页，共22页
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
As the coronavirus pandemic spread out, the demand for smell training therapy stepped up, as potentially millions of those who had COVID-19 experienced losing their sense of smell.
Unlike some other viruses that can cause the loss of smell by directly infecting cells involved in detecting smell, the virus that causes COVID-19 spares them. Instead, the coronavirus infects surrounding support cells. To defend the body against the virus, immune cells rush to this site of infection and generate antiviral proteins, which then lead to the loss.
Approximately 80% of COVID-19 patients who had lost their sense of smell regained it without any treatment within one to four weeks. But as three months went by, patient Chris Rogers’ situation barely improved, so he started to seek out smell training therapy.
Twice a day for 10 weeks, Rogers sniffed four kinds of essential oils — rose, lemon, eucalyptus, and clove — to potentially strengthen the survival of newly formed smell-detecting cells or speed up their production and rebuild the connection between his nose and brain. To assess whether this smell therapy was effective, the doctor asked Rogers to distinguish between a number of additional smells before and after the smell training. Rogers did the therapy for 10 weeks and started noticing improvements at week six. At least five months since the smell training ended, the improvements can be more like 75%.
While scientists have recorded improvements in some individuals’ ability to smell, it has been difficult to show how much of that improvement comes from the therapy itself or natural recovery occurring over time, said Eric Holbrook, a doctor at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Hospital. “But I continue to recommend the therapy because such training could speed up the healing process. Also, it’s one of very few and often the only therapeutic options that’s available to millions of COVID-19 patients who haven’t been able to regain their sense of smell for months,” Eric Holbrook added.
Although the benefits of smell training can vary considerably among patients, depending on their starting point, “it is generally not considered harmful,” says Bradley Goldstein, a specialist studying at Duke University. “But we still need to find specific, more effective drug therapies. It’s really an unmet need.”
1．Why did the doctor ask Rogers to identify additional smells before and after the treatment
A．To estimate the effectiveness of smell training.
B．To improve the sensitivity of Rogers’ sense of smell.
C．To make Rogers remember the smell of common oil.
D．To rebuild the connection between Rogers’ nose and brain.
2．Which word best describes Eric Holbrook’s attitude to smell training therapy
A．Favorable. B．Indifferent.
C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
3．What does Bradley Goldstein suggest
A．Encouraging patients to recover naturally.
B．Developing better drug therapies for patients.
C．Conducting the smell training on a large scale.
D．Providing long-term health guidance for patients
4．What would be the best title for the passage
A．The ways of restoring the sense of smell.
B．The significance of smell training therapy.
C．Main symptoms of coronavirus infection.
D．Smell training therapy for COVID-19.
Many people say that they have seen creatures such as yetis and mermaids. However, the existence of these creatures has never been proven. Despite this, these creatures frequently appear as characters in literature, films and television programmes. Below are some of the most well-known mythical creatures, which you may talk about when telling bedtime stories.
Yetis: There are many stories about sightings of a large, hairy creature that lives in the snow-covered mountains of the Himalayas. It is said to resemble a giant ape and walk like a man. Many scientists have visited the Himalayas in search of this giant creature, and though they have never seen a yeti, many people claim to have seen huge footprints in the snow. Due to the cold and dangerous conditions in the mountains, it is impossible for humans to explore there for long, so it is difficult to know what creatures may live there. See also Bigfoot a similar creature from North America.
Phoenixes: The phoenix is a bird that is said to be the size of an eagle and to have colourful feathers. Many stories report that the phoenix lives a long life and that once it grows old it will make a nest and set itself on fire. After the phoenix’s body has been consumed by the flames, it will be born again from the ashes. It is thought to represent the Sun, which sets every evening and rises again each morning. Stories of the phoenix are found in countries throughout Africa, Europe, Asia and the Middle East.
Mermaids: A mermaid is a creature that lives in the sea. The upper part of a mermaid’s body is human while the lower part is a fish’s tail. Stories of mermaids have been around for thousands of years and exist in many cultures. In British stories, mermaids are often portrayed as evil creatures that give sailors false information leading to their deaths. There are, however, many stories showing mermaids as beautiful creatures that help humans at sea. Some people believe stories of mermaids were made up by sailors who saw sea mammals such as dolphins.
5．Yetis are thought to live only in ________.
A．Asia and the Americas B．high, snowy mountains
C．cold and dangerous areas D．places with no people
6．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “consumed” in paragraph 3
A．used up B．eaten immoderately
C．decorated beautifully D．destroyed completely
7．Mermaids have been portrayed as both ________.
A．evil and kind B．sea and land creatures
C．beautiful and ugly D．dolphins and humans
8．The passage was most probably written for ________.
A．biology teachers B．literature experts
C．young parents D．college students
Craftsman Qian Gaochao and his son recently spent more than six months making three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the taekwondo and wrestling competitions of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022. As a national inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of the chicken-blood stone carving technique, Qian Gaochao says that he is working on the other carvings related to the Asian Games in the chicken-blood stone museum in Changhua town, Zhejiang Province.
Chicken-blood stone is one of China’s most prized decorative materials and has been used for centuries to create carved works with characteristic red markings. With its bright blood-red color, bright crystal-like jade texture, quality and shape, chicken-blood stones are celebrated the world over. The artistic value of Changhua chicken-blood stone lies in its adaptability, which can be made into decorations of various sizes and forms. It is not only a mineral specimen (标本) that records geological changes, but also a cultural relic that reflects the productivity of different eras, living conditions and folk customs.
The stone has become a cultural symbol of deepening bilateral friendship in diplomatic (外交的) activities. For example, in 1972, the Chinese premier gave Changhua chicken-blood stones to Japan as State gifts. In 1986, a seal of Changhua stone was presented to the US. In 2016, the Changhua stone sculpture “Haliaeetus Albicilla Duda Portrait Seal” was presented to Poland. In September 2016, 36 sets of portrait seals were given as gifts to guests who attended the 11th G20 Summit held in Hangzhou.
“As a craftsman, I’m not only doing carving work but also recording the development and changes of our society and remembering the era through the medium of my carvings,” Qian Gaochao says. He has created fascinating works, many of which are related to important events in Chinese history and famous people who have made significant contributions to the country.
“We are also recruiting qualified people to continue to inherit and innovate these traditional skills,” Qian Gaochao says. “Additionally, we often hold research activities and provide training courses, enabling more young students to understand and learn Chinese traditional culture,” he adds.
9．What do Qian Gaochao and his son’s recent works describe
A．Famous athletes.
B．Beautiful natural scenery.
C．International sporting events.
D．Ancient folk customs in Changhua.
10．Which of the following does the underlined word in paragraph 2 refer to
A．adjustability. B．probability.
C．capability D．responsibility
11．What are the examples in paragraph 3 for
A．Presenting the popularity of chicken-blood stone.
B．Showing the role of chicken-blood stone in diplomacy.
C．Explaining the approaches to promote Changhua’s economy.
D．Proving the importance of Chinese culture in connecting the world.
12．What do we know about Qian Gaochao from his words
A．He provides free carving courses for qualified students.
B．The innovation of traditional culture faces great challenges.
C．Learning carving skills is not attractive to modern young people.
D．He devotes himself to recording China’s development through carving.
In 1665, Johannes Vermeer put the last drop of paint onto a canvas and completed his masterpiece “Girl With a Pearl Earring”. But years later on an April day a cyclist named Janine Strong stopped her bike and watched unexpectedly in her fitness app as the snaking line of her cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over streets.
Ms. Strong creates what has come to be known as “GPS art”. It is an art category, which means you go outside with your handheld Global Positioning System(GPS) and start moving. The GPS records your movement by creating the dots type of track. This track is a line that details the path you’ve travelled. When you look at this line on the map, then you can see various shapes. Ms. Strong plans her rides in the shapes of stars, birds, lions-and the occasional Vermeer. Then to complete the digital vision of Vermeer’s masterpiece, she biked almost 50 miles around a city to make sure each turn and circle was accurately achieving the covering of Vermeer’s original.
This kind of art form has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people in fitness apps. It is particularly popular in the app. Strava, and experienced a surge in use during the pandemic. According to a report, more than three billion activities have been uploaded to Strava since the beginning of 2020.
The “GPS art” can be considered the 21st-century version of large-scale drawings on the landscape, a concept gradually known for the world. It even has its own Guinness World Records categories. There was once a couple who completed a 4, 500-mile bike ride across Europe that resulted in a 600-mile-wide GPS drawing of a bicycle-the largest such drawing on record.
13．What is “GPS art” based on paragraph 2
A．It is a system established by Janine Strong.
B．It is a line recording the path you travelled.
C．It is an art form realized by GPS tracking.
D．It is an application software creating pictures.
14．How did Janine Strong finish her digital vision of Vermeer’s masterpiece
A．By painting casually on his canvas.
B．By accidentally using his fitness app.
C．By occasionally running around the city.
D．By carefully planning and cycling around.
15．what does the underlined phrase “a surge” probably mean in paragraph 3
A．A sudden rise.
B．A great success.
C．A sharp reduction.
D．A severe downturn.
16．What can we learn from this passage
A．“GPS art” can be only completed on Strava.
B．Strava is in fact an app for people to draw pictures.
C．The art form of “GPS art” is getting known worldwide.
D．Janine Strong created the largest drawing in the world.
For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside.
Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution. People began to notice the problem in the early 1970s. When builders began making houses and offices, they did not want to waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also used man — made building materials which are now known to let out harmful gases.
As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building green plants.
Scientists believe that a plant’s leaves absorb the pollutants (污染物). In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants.
17．Indoor air pollution may be more dangerous than the air outside mainly because _________.
A．the flow of air indoor is limited B．the building are too high
C．people don’t want to waste energy D．the building materials are harmful
18．In the last paragraph the word “absorb” may mean _________.
A．give out B．bring up C．take in D．turn into
19．Scientists believe that plants can_________.
A．absorb pollutions and let out oxygen B．make your houses more prettier
C．absorb all the pollutants D．change pollutants into oxygen
20．According to the last paragraph, we should _________ to clean the air.
A．plant all kinds of plants B．have different kinds of plants
C．have the same kind of plant D．plant more trees
This year’s Winter Olympics were held in two areas, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. The areas get cold in winter but get little natural snow. That meant some serious changes were needed to hold the Winter Olympics. The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.
China took water from a reservoir (水库) which helps supply Beijing’s drinking water and sent it to a nearby river. To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes.
China hired an Italian company called TechnoAlpin to create the snow. TechnoAlpin created artificial snow at several earlier Winter Olympics. For the snow in this year’s Olympics, TechnoAlpin laid over 64 kilometers of pipe and brought in hundreds of snow-making machines. Even with all of those machines, making the snow for this year’s Games took seven weeks.
It’s useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn’t provide enough. But artificial snow isn’t the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural snow might have to change their style on man-made snow.
Still, the machines that make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make several different kinds of snow depending on what’s needed for each sport. For example, the snow they make for downhill skiing is different from the snow made for cross-country skiing.
In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That’s true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather. In the 2018 Games in South Korea, nearly 90% of the snow was man-made.
As the world warms because of climate change, problems like this are expected to become far more common. Michael Mayr, who leads TechnoAlpin, says, “You couldn’t have winter sports now without man-made snow.”
21．Where was the artificial snow in this year’s Winter Olympics created
A．In a river. B．In the mountains.
C．In the pipes. D．In a reservoir.
22．What is the advantage of man-made snow
A．It has more air and less water. B．It is more environmentally-friendly.
C．It can improve athletes’ performance. D．It can be made for the need of each sport.
23．What has made it more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events
A．Advanced technology. B．A shortage of water.
C．Air pollution. D．Climate change.
24．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Future of the Winter Olympic Games
B．The History of Man-Made Snow for Winter Sports
C．The Man-Made Snow Behind China’s Winter Olympics
D．The Secret to Creating Artificial Snow for Winter Sports
There have been few positives during the COVID-19 pandemic(大流行病)but British researchers may have found one: People look more attractive in protective masks.
Researchers at Cardiff University were surprised to find that both men and women were judged to look better with the lower part of their faces covered.
Dr Michael Lewis, an expert in faces, said researches before the pandemic had found that medical face masks reduced attractiveness, because they were related to disease. “We wanted to test whether this had changed since face coverings became common and understand whether the type of mask had any effect, so we began this research,” Lewis said.
The first part of the research was carried out in February 2021 when the British had got used to Wearing masks. Forty-three women were asked to mis (评价)fom 1 to 10 the attractiveness of images male faces without a mask, wearing a simple cloth mask, a blue medical face mask, and holding a black book covering the area a face mask would hide.
The participants said those wearing a cloth mask were more attractive than the ones with no masks or whose faces were partly covered by the book. But the blue medical mask made the wearer look even better. “At a time when we feel unprotected, we may find the wearing of medical masks safe and so feel more positive towards the wearer,” Lewis explained.
Lewis said it was also possible that masks directed attention to the eyes. He said other studies had found that covering the left or right half of a face also made people look more attractive, partly because the brain fills in the missing gaps and exaggerates(夸大)the overall effect.
“The pandemic has changed our psychology in how we view the wearers of masks.”, said Lewis “When we see someone wearing a mask we no longer think ‘that person has a disease, and I need to stay away’ ”
25．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the main topic.
B．To show the importance of the finding.
C．To advice readers to protect themselves.
D．To stress the importance of wearing masks.
26．The research was conducted partly because researchers wanted__________.
A．to test how the medical face masks work during the pandemic
B．to study the effect the medical masks have during the pandemic
C．to show wearing medical face masks reduces people’s attractiveness
D．to explain the importance of wearing medical face masks during the pandemic
27．Which of the following is the most attractive according to the research
A．Leaving face uncovered.
B．Hiding the face with a book.
C．Wearing a blue medical mask.
D．Wearing a simple cloth mask.
28．What can we inferred from the last paragraph
A．People have changed their attitude to doctors.
B．People prefer to wear masks when they are ill.
C．People keep a positive attitude to people with illness.
D．People have a more positive view on those wearing masks.
Consumers in the U.S. spend billions of dollars a year on gifts wrapping. Two colleagues and I wondered whether all that time and effort is actually worth it. So we conducted three experiments to explore the impact of gift wrapping.
In the first experiment, we involved 180 students, who were given a gift—a coffee cup with the logo of one of two NBA basketball teams, the local Miami Heat or rival (竞争对手) Orlando Magic. Every participant was a fan of the Heat and they obviously didn’t support the Magic. We gave half of the students a desirable gift, while the others received something they disliked. Finally, half of the gifts were wrapped neatly, while the rest looked sloppy (凌乱的).
We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift—regardless of which cup they got.
To understand why, we asked another set of students to report their expectations about either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. Results showed that expectations were significantly higher for the neatly wrapped gifts. However, receivers of the neatly wrapped gift reported that it failed to live up to their expectations, while those who got the sloppily wrapped gift said it surpassed (超过) their expectations.
In our final experiment, we surveyed 261 adults and asked them to imagine receiving either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. This time we instructed half of them to imagine the gift was from a close friend, while the other half believed it came from an acquaintance (熟人). Then we revealed the gift and asked them to rate it.
When it came from a close friend, receivers ended up liking the sloppily wrapped gift more. However, for the gift from an acquaintance, receivers preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue for how much the gift-giver values their relationship.
So if you’re stressed over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself effort and money by wrapping your friends’ gifts haphazardly (随意地). But for someone you don’t know quite as well, it’s probably worth it to show that you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the beautiful bows.
29．What did the researchers find in the first experiment
A．A desirable gift is expected to be wrapped sloppily.
B．Participants were more interested in neatly wrapped gifts.
C．A sloppily wrapped gift can make the receiver much happier.
D．Participants responded the same to gifts with different wrappings.
30．Why did the researchers carry out the second experiment
A．To further explain the result of the first experiment.
B．To compare receivers’ expectations for the same gifts.
C．To know why receivers have different expectations for gifts.
D．To find out the impact of wrapping on receives’ expectations.
31．What do neatly wrapped gifts show according to the third experiment
A．The gift giver is very skilled at wrapping gifts,
B．The gift giver has a close relationship with the receiver.
C．The gift giver attaches great importance to the relationship.
D．The gift giver wants to become a close friend of the receiver.
32．What does the author want to do in the last paragraph
A．To give examples. B．To make suggestions.
C．To make comparisons. D．To present an argument.
Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy (读写能力) education, and reading-centered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a public library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.
There are several primary sources of library funding, starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants (拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries — most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.
Grants and private donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries by donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like after-hours visits or privileged access to special collections.
By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead after-school programs, or organize fund-raisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to your local community.
33．How many main sources of library funding are mentioned
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
34．How is the funding made use of according to the text
A．By exploring more about history.
B．By developing a scientific computer system.
C．By providing help for after-school activities.
D．By enriching special collections for the donors.
35．What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to in the last paragraph
A．Viewers in the library.
B．Programs used to view documents.
C．People running the library.
D．Donors visiting the library regularly.
36．What is the text mainly about
A．Stressing the value of public libraries.
B．Appealing for donation to local libraries.
C．Introducing sources of public library funding.
D．Showing the procedure of funding libraries.
Here are some of the world’s most impressive subways.
The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines Features: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that compose Tokyo’s massive subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya—literally, “pusher”—who shove passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close. And you think your commute is hell.
The Moscow Metro Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers(枝形吊灯), marble moldings and elaborate murals(精美的壁画). With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden.
The Hong Kong Metro Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores, supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated that 95 % of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card.
Shanghai Metro Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened. Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day.
The London Metro Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground. No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains started in1863 and they’ve been running ever since. Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”.
37．Which one can provide the riders some wonderful decorations at the stations A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines. B．The London Metro.
C．The Moscow Metro. D．The Hong Kong MTR.
38．________ is done with the purpose of making money.
A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines B．The Hong Kong MTR
C．The London Metro D．The Moscow Metro
39．We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro ________.
A．carries the most people each day B．is the world’s largest
C．is the busiest in the world D．may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future
40．How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
试卷第11页，共33页
试卷第11页，共33页
参考答案：
1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新冠病毒大流行的背景下，嗅觉训练疗法的需求不断增加的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To assess whether this smell therapy was effective, the doctor asked Rogers to distinguish between a number of additional smells before and after the smell training.(为了评估这种气味疗法是否有效，医生要求罗杰斯在气味训练前后区分一些额外的气味)”可知，医生要求罗杰斯在气味训练前后区分一些额外的气味是为了评估这种气味疗法是否有效。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘But I continue to recommend the therapy because such training could speed up the healing process. Also, it’s one of very few and often the only therapeutic options that’s available to millions of COVID-19 patients who haven’t been able to regain their sense of smell for months,’ Eric Holbrook added. (但我仍然推荐这种疗法，因为这样的训练可以加快愈合的过程。此外，对于数百万数月来无法恢复嗅觉的COVID-19患者来说，这是为数不多、往往也是唯一的治疗选择之一)可推知，埃里克·霍尔布鲁克对气味训练疗法的态度是赞成的。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But we still need to find specific, more effective drug therapies. It’s really an unmet need. (但我们仍然要找到具体的，更有效的药物疗法。这确实是一个未被满足的需求)可知，Bradly Goldstein的建议是为患者开发更好的药物疗法。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As the coronavirus pandemic spread out, the demand for smell training therapy stepped up, as potentially millions of those who had COVID-19 experienced losing their sense of smell.(随着冠状病毒大流行的蔓延，对嗅觉训练疗法的需求上升，因为可能有数百万患有COVID-19的人失去了嗅觉。)”及全文可知，研究表明，由于新冠肺炎，全球数百万人可能面临长期的嗅觉或味觉问题，嗅觉训练疗法，所以本文介绍了嗅觉训练的相关信息，故“Smell training therapy for COVID-19.(COVID-19的嗅觉训练疗法。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经常在文学作品中出现，但未得到过证实的著名的神秘生物。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are many stories about sightings of a large, hairy creature that lives in the snow-covered mountains of the Himalayas.(有许多关于生活在喜马拉雅山脉白雪覆盖的山脉中的大型多毛生物的故事。)”可知，在很多故事中，Yetis生活在白雪覆盖的喜马拉雅山脉中，由此可知，人们认为Yetis生活在高的被雪覆盖的山上。故选B项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Many stories report that the phoenix lives a long life and that once it grows old it will make a nest and set itself on fire.(许多故事报道说，凤凰的寿命很长，一旦它变老，它就会筑巢并自焚。)”可知，很多故事说凤凰会自焚，结合下文中的“it will be born again from the ashes.(它将从灰烬中重生。)”凤凰会在灰烬中重生，由此可知，划线单词所在的句子表示为“凤凰的身体被烧毁后”，所以该单词的意思是“烧毁”。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“In British stories, mermaids are often portrayed as evil creatures that give sailors false information leading to their deaths. There are, however, many stories showing mermaids as beautiful creatures that help humans at sea.(在英国的故事中，美人鱼经常被描绘成邪恶的生物，给水手提供导致死亡的虚假信息。然而，有许多故事展现的美人鱼是帮助海上人类的美丽生物。)”可知，英国的故事中，美人鱼经常被描述为邪恶的给水手提供虚假信息的生物，也有一些把美人鱼描述为帮助人类的漂亮的生物。故选A项。
8．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Below are some of the most well-known mythical creatures, which you may talk about when telling bedtime stories.(以下是一些最著名的神秘生物，您在讲睡前故事时可能会谈论它们。)”可知，本文讲述的神话生物经常是在睡前故事中出现，由此可判断，本文只要是写给年轻的父母的。故选C项。
9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2022年，作为非物质文化遗产鸡血石雕传承人的钱高潮花费数月创作亚运主题石雕，献礼杭州亚运会的事。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Craftsman Qian Gaochao and his son recently spent more than six months making three “chicken-blood” stone carvings showing the taekwondo and wrestling competitions of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022.”（工匠钱高潮和他的儿子最近花了六个多月的时间制作了三个“鸡血”石雕，展示了2022年杭州第19届亚运会跆拳道和摔跤比赛。）可知，钱高潮和他的儿子最近制作了三个“鸡血”石雕，展示了2022年杭州第19届亚运会跆拳道和摔跤比赛，由此可知，钱高潮父子最近的作品描述了国际体育赛事。故选C项。
10．词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“which can be made into decorations of various sizes and forms”（可以做成各种大小和形状的装饰品）可知，昌化鸡血石具有适应性，可以做成各种大小和形状的装饰品，“adjustability”意为“适应性”，能够表达画线单词句中所要表达的意思。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“The stone has become a cultural symbol of deepening bilateral friendship in diplomatic (外交的) activities.”（在外交活动中，这块石头已成为加深两国友谊的文化象征。）可知，本段内容介绍了鸡血石在外交中的作用，它已成为加深两国友谊的文化象征，并列举了向日本、波兰等国赠送鸡血石的例子，由此可知，第3段中的例子是为了展示了鸡血石在外交中的作用。故选B项。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“‘As a craftsman, I’m not only doing carving work but also recording the development and changes of our society and remembering the era through the medium of my carvings,’ Qian Gaochao says.”（钱高潮说：“作为一名工匠，我不仅从事雕刻工作，还通过雕刻记录我们社会的发展和变化，并铭记时代。”）可知，钱高潮通过雕刻记录我们社会的发展和变化，并铭记时代，由此可知，我们从钱高潮的话中了解到他致力于通过雕刻记录中国的发展。故选D项。
13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了由珍妮·斯特朗创造的全新的艺术形式——GPS艺术并且这种艺术正在受到世界范围的欢迎和关注。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is an art category, which means you go outside with your handheld Global Positioning System(GPS) and start moving.”（这是一种艺术类别，意味着你带着你的手持全球定位系统(GPS)然后开始移动。）可知，它是一种根据GPS跟踪实现的艺术形式。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then to complete the digital vision of Vermeer’s masterpiece, she biked almost 50 miles around a city to make sure each turn and circle was accurately achieving the covering of Vermeer’s original. ”（接下来为了完成维米尔的数字视觉，她围绕城市骑行将近50英里以确保每个转弯和圆圈精准地实现了维米尔原作的覆盖。）可知，珍妮·斯特朗完成她对维米尔杰作的数字视觉是通过骑自行车并做了路线规划而实现的。故选D项。
15．考查词句猜测题。根据第三段“According to a report, more than three billion activities have been uploaded to Strava since the beginning of 2020.”（根据报道，自从2020年初，超过30亿项活动已经被上传到Strava。）可知，通过列举超过30多亿在Strava上传数据的事例，推断出Strava这个软件在疫情期间的使用数量大幅度增长，a sudden rise意为“突然上升”符合题意。故选A项。
16．细节理解题。根据第四段“The “GPS art” can be considered the 21st-century version of large-scale drawings on the landscape, a concept gradually known for the world.”（“GPS艺术”被认为是二十一世纪大幅在风景上绘画的版本，一个逐渐被世界所知的概念。）可知，“GPS艺术”这种艺术形式正在被世界所了解。故选C项。
17．A 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了现代住宅都存在某种程度的室内污染，并给出了净化室内环境的办法。
17．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also used man — made building materials which are now known to let out harmful gases.(为了做到这一点，他们建造了限制内外空气流动的建筑物。他们还使用人造建筑材料，这些材料现在已经知道会释放有害气体)”可推知，室内空气污染可能比室外空气更危险，主要是因为室内的空气流通受限。故选A。
18．词义猜测题。根据所猜词下一句“In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves(作为交换，植物通过叶子释放氧气)”可知，植物要先吸入才能释放。由此推知，所猜词的意思为“吸入”。A. give out分发；B. bring up抚养；C. take in吸入；D. turn into变为。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists believe that a plant’s leaves absorb the pollutants (污染物). In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves.(科学家认为植物的叶子可以吸收污染物。作为交换，植物通过叶子释放氧气)”可知，植物可以吸收有害物质并释放出氧气。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants.(因此，清洁空气最有效的方法是使用不同种类的植物)”可知，在家里净化空气需要种植不同种类的植物。故选B。
21．B 22．D 23．D 24．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。北京冬奥会几乎是在100%的人工雪上举行的，这是奥运会历史上的第一次。文章对此进行了介绍。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes.(为了把水运到山上造雪，国家铺设了数英里长的管道。)”可知，今年冬奥会的人工雪是在山上造的。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第五段前两句“Still, the machines that make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make several different kinds of snow depending on what’s needed for each sport.(不过，制造人工雪的机器还是相当先进的。他们可以根据每种运动的需要制作几种不同的雪。)”可知，人造雪的优点是它可以满足各种运动的需要。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据第六段前三句“In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That’s true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather.(近年来，在冬季体育赛事中使用人造雪变得越来越普遍。即使在过去自然有很多雪的地方也是如此。由于天气温暖，2010年和2014年冬季奥运会使用了一些人工雪。)”可知，气候变化使得在冬季体育赛事中使用人造雪变得更加普遍。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.(冬奥会几乎是在100%的人工雪上举行的，这是奥运会历史上的第一次。)”可知，文章主要是讲中国冬奥会上的人工造雪，C项“中国冬奥会背后的人造雪”最适合做文章标题。故选C。
25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍英国的研究人员发现戴着口罩的人更有吸引力，因为无论男性还是女性，人们都认为遮住脸的下半部分看起来更好看。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段“There have been few positives during the COVID-19 pandemic(大流行病)but British researchers may have found one: People look more attractive in protective masks. (在COVID-19大流行期间，几乎没有什么积极的方面，但英国研究人员可能发现了一个积极的方面：戴着防护口罩的人看起来更有吸引力。)”以及第二段“Researchers at Cardiff University were surprised to find that both men and women were judged to look better with the lower part of their faces covered. (卡迪夫大学的研究人员惊讶地发现，无论男性还是女性，人们都认为遮住脸的下半部分看起来更好看。)”可知，第一段主要是为了引出本文的主题，也就是为什么戴着口罩的人会更具有吸引力。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr Michael Lewis, an expert in faces, said researches before the pandemic had found that medical face masks reduced attractiveness, because they were related to disease. “We wanted to test whether this had changed since face coverings became common and understand whether the type of mask had any effect, so we began this research,” Lewis said.(面部专家Michael Lewis博士表示，疫情前的研究发现，医用口罩会降低吸引力，因为它们与疾病有关。Lewis说：“我们想测试自从口罩变得普遍以来，这种情况是否发生了变化，并了解这种口罩类型是否有任何影响，所以我们开始了这项研究。”)”可知，研究人员是想看看医用口罩在疫情期间的影响。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第五段“The participants said those wearing a cloth mask were more attractive than the ones with no masks or whose faces were partly covered by the book. But the blue medical mask made the wearer look even better. ( 参与者表示，戴口罩的人比不戴口罩或脸部部分被书遮住的人更有吸引力。但蓝色医用口罩让佩戴者看起来更好看。)”可知，戴蓝色医用口罩的人最好看。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The pandemic has changed our psychology in how we view the wearers of masks. ”, said Lewis “When we see someone wearing a mask we no longer think ‘that person has a disease, and I need to stay away’ ”(“大流行改变了我们对戴口罩者的看法。Lewis说，“当我们看到有人戴着口罩时，我们不再想‘那个人有疾病，我需要远离他’。”)”可推断，人们现在对佩戴口罩的人有了积极的看法。故选D。
29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者发现美国消费者每年在礼品包装上花费较多，为了弄清花费如此多时间和努力是否真的值得，便进行了三个实验来探索礼物包装对人的的影响。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift—regardless of which cup they got.(我们发现，那些收到包装粗糙的礼物的人明显比那些收到包装整齐的礼物的人更喜欢他们的礼物——不管他们得到的是哪个杯子。)”可知，研究人员在第一个实验中发现，包装粗糙的礼物会让收礼物的人更开心。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第四自然段“To understand why, we asked another set of students to report their expectations about either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift.(为了了解出现该结果的原因，我们让另一组学生报告他们对包装整齐或粗糙的礼物的期望。)”可知，进行第二个实验的原因是为了进一步解释第一个实验的结果。故选A项。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第六自然段“However, for the gift from an acquaintance, receivers preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue for how much the gift-giver values their relationship.(然而，如果是熟人送的礼物，收礼者更喜欢包装整齐的。之所以会出现这种情况，是因为这些参与者将包装作为送礼者对他们之间关系重视程度的线索。)”可知，包装整齐的礼物说明送礼者非常重视这一关系。故选C项。
32．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So if you’re stressed over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself effort and money by wrapping your friends’ gifts haphazardly (随意地). But for someone you don’t know quite as well, it’s probably worth it to show that you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the beautiful bows.( 所以，如果这个假期你对礼物包装感到压力很大，考虑一下随意包装朋友的礼物来节省精力和金钱。但对于那些你不太了解的人来说，用这些漂亮的蝴蝶结来展示你花了一些精力让它看起来很漂亮可能是值得的。)”可知，作者给出了一些送礼物时如何进行包装的建议。所以作者想通过最后一段给出一些建议。故选B项。
33．B 34．C 35．A 36．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“There are several primary sources of library funding, starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants (拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries — most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.(图书馆的资金有几个主要来源，首先是分配给州或省的国家基金。这些地区会把资金捐给公共图书馆。地方政府在为图书馆提供资金方面也发挥着重要作用，大多数图书馆员都申请拨款。最后，私人捐赠有助于维护图书馆——大多数图书馆都有一个“图书馆之友”协会，该协会组织筹款销售，并支付年费来帮助维护图书馆。)”可知，图书馆资金来源主要有三个：国家资金、当地政府的拨款及私人捐款。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs.(补助金包括允许图书馆安装和升级计算机系统的技术补助金，专注于特定主题的补助金，如科学、小说、儿童书籍或当地历史，以及支持当地社区努力的教育补助金，如课后阅读计划。)” 可知，有些资金用于为学生举办一些课外阅读活动。故选C。
35．词义猜测题。根据划线句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers.”可知，通过组合多种资源，有创造力的图书馆馆长可以使他们的图书馆有用、信息丰富并且对于browsers来说有趣。可推知browsers应是去图书馆的人。故选A。
36．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段“There are several primary sources of library funding, starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants (拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries — most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.(图书馆的资金有几个主要来源，首先是分配给州或省的国家基金。这些地区会把资金捐给公共图书馆。地方政府在为图书馆提供资金方面也发挥着重要作用，大多数图书馆员都申请拨款。最后，私人捐赠有助于维护图书馆——大多数图书馆都有一个“图书馆之友”协会，该协会组织筹款销售，并支付年费来帮助维护图书馆。)”可知，本文介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源，故选C。
37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上几大地铁的具体情况。
37．细节理解题。根据“The Moscow Metro(莫斯科地铁)”部分中“The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers, marble moldings and elaborate murals.(Moscow Metro有世界上最漂亮的车站，最好的一些车站在斯大林主义的时代建造，有着枝形吊灯、大理石造型和精美的壁画)”可知，莫斯科地铁的装饰非常漂亮。故选C项。
38．细节理解题。根据“The Hong Kong MTR(香港地铁)”部分中“of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership.(世界上为数不多的实际上变成利润的地铁系统之一。它是私人拥有的，并且在沿线发展房地产来增加收入和乘客人数)”可知，香港地铁是为了获得利润。故选B项。
39．细节理解题。根据“Shanghai Metro(上海地铁)”部分中“By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago“L”.(到那时候，会比芝加哥的L线路规模大三倍。)”可知，D项“未来的上海地铁会比芝加哥的大三倍。”符合文意。故选D项。
40．细节理解题。根据“The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines(东京地铁及东映线)”部分“carry almost 8 million people each day.(每天装载八百万人)”及“The Moscow Metro(莫斯科地铁)”部分“With more than 7 million riders a day(每天超过七百万人搭地铁)”可知，有两个地铁每天载客数超过五百万。故选A项。
答案第11页，共22页
答案第11页，共22页