中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking课时练习（解析版）
根据首字母填写单词。
In the foggy morning，the enemy released the workers from the awesome quarry.
【解析】release sb. from sth. 从某地释放某人
Anyhow，you couldn’t let the company avoid sustaining losses of millions of dollars.
【解析】avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
Buses run frequently between the city and the airline.
【解析】副词修饰动词run
The concert will be broadcast live tomorrow evening.
【解析】考察被动语态，be done结构，broadcast的过去分词为broadcast
This cleaner is also responsible for keeping the surrounding streets clean.
【解析】be responsible for 对.......负责
二、阅读理解。
A
Going through social media can quickly convince you that everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly adventurous week on social media some months ago，I saw water skiing in Mani, and swimming with wild pigs in the Bahamas.Wild pigs! I started searching flights to new places online, imagining adventures.Then I ordered food from the place I eat at every week and...felt bad about not trying somewhere new.
Recent research about repeat and novel experiences suggests that we ought to reconsider those negative feelings associated with repetition.Ed O’Brien, a professor at the University of Chicago，launched a series of studies on this topic.“There’s a general belief that if you want to seem like an interesting, cultured person, the best thing you can do is to showcase that you’re open to new experiences，” he says.“That may be true, but I think we take for granted the value of really digging deep into one field.”
To test this hypothesis (假设), O’Brien and his team exposed all participants to the same stimulus (刺激), including museum visits，movies，and video games.Next，some people were asked to imagine repeating the experience，while others actually did repeat what they had done.The researchers found that on the whole, participants said that repeating experiences was often far more enjoyable than they had predicted.
There is joy in repetition partly because every human mind wanders.Consequently, we miss a good part of every experience.Repeating things can really be seen as another opportunity to actually experience something fully.O’Brien’s studies show that people are too quick to assume that they’ve “seen all the layers” even in those cases where they haven’t.It’s safe to assume there are more explorable layers in any experience.When we’re noticing new things in any experience，our brain becomes engaged.All we need to do is approach whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that we didn’t see in it the first time around.
1．Why does the author mention his experience in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the bad feelings linked to repetition.
B．To show novel experiences are more interesting.
C．To tell us a common belief about social media.
D．To present to us his new, imagined adventures.
【答案】A
【解析】写作意图题。根据第二段首句“Recent research...with repetition.”可推知，第一段提到作者的经历(作者因订食物未尝试新的地方而感觉不好)是为了引出与重复经历相关的消极感受。
2．What did O’Brien’s studies find
A. People were open to new experiences.
B．Imagination was exciting on the whole.
C．Repeating experiences made one bored.
D．Digging deep into one field was enjoyable.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段尾句和第三段尾句可知，奥布赖恩认为我们没有重视深入一个领域的价值，而他和他的团队发现总的来说，参与者们认为重复经历往往比他们预料的要令人愉快得多。由此可知，该研究发现深入一个领域令人快乐。
3．How can we keep our brain engaged
A．By assuming we didn’t see all at first.
B．By searching for the ignored elements.
C．By approaching whatever task is at hand.
D．By keeping focused on every experience.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，发现新事物，大脑就会变得忙碌。而我们需要做的就是通过找寻第一次没看到的事物来处理手头上的任何任务，故通过找寻被忽略掉的元素能够使我们的大脑忙碌。
4．What is the best title for this passage
A. Novel Experiences Enrich Us
B．More Layer Keep the Mind Busy
C．Repetition Makes People Happy
D．Wandering Minds Help People Explore
【答案】C
【解析】标题归纳题。作者通过自己的经历引出了与重复经历相关的消极感受。然后，作者又通过一项研究说明我们应该重新对待那些消极感受，因为重复经历能使我们发现之前被忽视的地方，并使我们感到快乐。
B
While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.
When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that：“There is no one size fits all adaptation.” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.
Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rescan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not for profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rescan is creating floating connectivity to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.
Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Morphed lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Narwhal’s inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Morphed calculates that he has stored about 200，000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Narwhal’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.
Increasing Earth's reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.
In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear. But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”．
More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense. But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that we've lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it's a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.
Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.
1．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies ________．
A．adaptation is an ever changing process
B．the cost of adaptation varies with time
C．global warming affects adaptation forms
D．adaptation to climate change is challenging
【答案】A
【解析】词句猜测题。划线句句意为"并没有一种万全之策"，下一句的Nevertheless表示转折，再根据there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost．(有些行为提供了很多，但风险或成本很小)可知，没有放之四海而皆准的方法，即适应是根据具体情况而不断做出调整，而非一成不变，故选A项。
2．What is special with regard to Rescan’s project
A．The project receives government support.
B．Different organizations work with each other.
C．His organization makes the best of a bad situation.
D．The project connects flooded roads and highways.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Mohammed Rescan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. (穆罕默德 雷兹万看到了机会，而其他人只看到灾难)”以及该段其它内容可知，在洪水这一灾害面前，Rescan 看到了机遇，他充分利用不利的情况，故选C项。
3．What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming
A．Storing ice for future use. B．Protecting the glaciers from melting.
C．Changing the irrigation time. D．Postponing the melting of the glaciers.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture…Morphed’s inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring.(由于全球变暖那里的冰川的消失对农业是一个巨大的威胁，Narwhal的灵感来自看到在冬天不需要水时水的浪费，他把浪费掉的水引进低洼的盆地，在那里水结冰，一直储存到春天) ”可知，“冰人”的减轻全球变暖的影响的方法是将冰储存起来，以备春天用，而这种方法并没有改变和保护冰川的融化和灌溉的时间，故排除B、C和D项。故选A项。
4．What's the author's preferred solution to global warming
A．Setting up a new standard. B．Reducing carbon emission.
C．Adapting to climate change. D．Monitoring polluting industries.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后两句“But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in the way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.(但最明智的适应方式无疑是调整我们的能源系统，以减少碳污染的排放。毕竟，如果我们以这种方式适应，我们就可以避免很多其他方面的改变。）”可知，作者认为最合理的应对全球变暖的方法是以减少二氧化碳的排放，此举将避免在其他很多方面改变。故选B项。
三、七选五。
It may be tempting (诱人的) to take the summer off and relax，but looking for a job will give you helpful life skills.Finding a job may be hard，but the search will be worth it.Jobs are out there.__1__，even if you don’t land the job you want.
·You’ll develop your interview skills.The more jobs you apply for，the better you’ll get at interviewing.Learning to interview well is a skill.It can help you get into college and even land a full－time job.
·__2__．You may not get the first job you interview for.Rejection happens in life and it can be hard to handle.The more we face rejection，the easier it becomes to move forward and bounce back.
·You’ll learn something about yourself.If you get a job that wasn’t your first choice，you might discover a new skill or interest.If you need to save money，you may learn that commitment (不得不做的事) is necessary to reach your goals.What if nothing works out？__3__．
·You’ll push the limits of your comfort zone.It’s a lot easier to sit at home doing the same things.__4__．Experiencing new things can make you more productive and you might even have fun!
__5__．You have nothing to lose and a lot to gain.And if you don’t get a job，volunteer.
Volunteering is a great way to gain experience.It looks favorable on resumes (简历) for college applications or future jobs.
If you need help in writing a resume to apply for a job，search online.A number of websites offer free tips.
A．Practice makes perfect
B．You’ll find a better world
C．You’ll get better at dealing with rejection
D．You may decide to start your own business
E．You’ll still gain these skills from the process
F．If you’re thinking about a summer job，apply
G．But job－hunting can push you out of your comfort zone
1．【答案】E
【解析】考查上下文衔接。根据逗号后的让步状语从句“即使你没有得到你想要的工作”以及下文介绍的你可以在找工作的经历中学到的东西可知，E项符合语境。
2.【答案】C
【解析】考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲的是应对“Rejection”方面的收获，故C项适合作本段的主旨句。
3.【答案】D
【解析】考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲的是“你会对自己有所了解”，接下来作者列举了两种情况并提出问题“如果都不行怎么办？”，故空处应是对空前问题的回答，所以D项“你可能会决定自己创业”符合语境。
4.【答案】G
【解析】考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲的是挑战你舒适区的极限，根据空前一句“坐在家里做同样的事情会很容易”可知，空处讲的应该是找工作会让你走出舒适区，故G项符合语境。
5.【答案】F
【解析】考查上下文衔接。空后一句讲了你没有什么可以失去，还会得到很多，所以F项“如果你想要找一份暑期工作，去申请吧”符合语境。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking课时练习（原卷版）
一、根据首字母填写单词。
1.In the foggy morning，the enemy r the workers from the awesome quarry.
2. Anyhow，you couldn’t let the company avoid s losses of millions of dollars.
3. Buses run f between the city and the airline.
4. The concert will be b live tomorrow evening.
5. This cleaner is also r for keeping the surrounding streets clean.
二、阅读理解。
A
Going through social media can quickly convince you that everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly adventurous week on social media some months ago，I saw water skiing in Mani, and swimming with wild pigs in the Bahamas.Wild pigs! I started searching flights to new places online, imagining adventures.Then I ordered food from the place I eat at every week and...felt bad about not trying somewhere new.
Recent research about repeat and novel experiences suggests that we ought to reconsider those negative feelings associated with repetition.Ed O’Brien, a professor at the University of Chicago，launched a series of studies on this topic.“There’s a general belief that if you want to seem like an interesting, cultured person, the best thing you can do is to showcase that you’re open to new experiences，” he says.“That may be true, but I think we take for granted the value of really digging deep into one field.”
To test this hypothesis (假设), O’Brien and his team exposed all participants to the same stimulus (刺激), including museum visits，movies，and video games.Next，some people were asked to imagine repeating the experience，while others actually did repeat what they had done.The researchers found that on the whole, participants said that repeating experiences was often far more enjoyable than they had predicted.
There is joy in repetition partly because every human mind wanders.Consequently, we miss a good part of every experience.Repeating things can really be seen as another opportunity to actually experience something fully.O’Brien’s studies show that people are too quick to assume that they’ve “seen all the layers” even in those cases where they haven’t.It’s safe to assume there are more explorable layers in any experience.When we’re noticing new things in any experience，our brain becomes engaged.All we need to do is approach whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that we didn’t see in it the first time around.
1．Why does the author mention his experience in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the bad feelings linked to repetition.
B．To show novel experiences are more interesting.
C．To tell us a common belief about social media.
D．To present to us his new, imagined adventures.
2．What did O’Brien’s studies find
A. People were open to new experiences.
B．Imagination was exciting on the whole.
C．Repeating experiences made one bored.
D．Digging deep into one field was enjoyable.
3．How can we keep our brain engaged
A．By assuming we didn’t see all at first.
B．By searching for the ignored elements.
C．By approaching whatever task is at hand.
D．By keeping focused on every experience.
4．What is the best title for this passage
A. Novel Experiences Enrich Us
B．More Layer Keep the Mind Busy
C．Repetition Makes People Happy
D．Wandering Minds Help People Explore
B
While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.
When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that：“There is no ‘one size fits all’ adaptation.” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.
Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rescan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not for profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rescan is creating floating connectivity to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.
Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Morphed lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Narwhal’s inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Morphed calculates that he has stored about 200，000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Narwhal’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.
Increasing Earth's reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.
In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear. But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”．
More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense. But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that we've lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it's a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.
Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.
1．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies ________．
A．adaptation is an ever changing process
B．the cost of adaptation varies with time
C．global warming affects adaptation forms
D．adaptation to climate change is challenging
2．What is special with regard to Rescan’s project
A．The project receives government support.
B．Different organizations work with each other.
C．His organization makes the best of a bad situation.
D．The project connects flooded roads and highways.
3．What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming
A．Storing ice for future use. B．Protecting the glaciers from melting.
C．Changing the irrigation time. D．Postponing the melting of the glaciers.
4．What's the author's preferred solution to global warming
A．Setting up a new standard. B．Reducing carbon emission.
C．Adapting to climate change. D．Monitoring polluting industries.
三、七选五。
It may be tempting (诱人的) to take the summer off and relax，but looking for a job will give you helpful life skills.Finding a job may be hard，but the search will be worth it.Jobs are out there.__1__，even if you don’t land the job you want.
·You’ll develop your interview skills.The more jobs you apply for，the better you’ll get at interviewing.Learning to interview well is a skill.It can help you get into college and even land a full－time job.
·__2__．You may not get the first job you interview for.Rejection happens in life and it can be hard to handle.The more we face rejection，the easier it becomes to move forward and bounce back.
·You’ll learn something about yourself.If you get a job that wasn’t your first choice，you might discover a new skill or interest.If you need to save money，you may learn that commitment (不得不做的事) is necessary to reach your goals.What if nothing works out？__3__．
·You’ll push the limits of your comfort zone.It’s a lot easier to sit at home doing the same things.__4__．Experiencing new things can make you more productive and you might even have fun!
__5__．You have nothing to lose and a lot to gain.And if you don’t get a job，volunteer.
Volunteering is a great way to gain experience.It looks favorable on resumes (简历) for college applications or future jobs.
If you need help in writing a resume to apply for a job，search online.A number of websites offer free tips.
A．Practice makes perfect
B．You’ll find a better world
C．You’ll get better at dealing with rejection
D．You may decide to start your own business
E．You’ll still gain these skills from the process
F．If you’re thinking about a summer job，apply
G．But job－hunting can push you out of your comfort zone
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