中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Learning about Language课时练习（解析版）
1、根据句意和中文提示完成句子。
1. The museum is holding an exhibition（展览），where you will see many works by influential artists. （有影响力的）
【解析】artists为名词，形容词修饰名词。
2. The book is an expansion of a series of lectures given last year. （扩充）
【解析】an与of之前为名词。
3. My watch is still under guarantee(保修期），so they’ll repair it for free.
【解析】under+n.表示“在......内”。
4. He invested his life savings in his daughter’s business. （投资）
5.We all long for permanent peace.（永久的）
二、阅读理解。
In a society such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize all possible basic knowledge. Instead, they work individually and find answers by themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asia societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.
There are advantages and disadvantages of both systems of education. For example, one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about maths, physics, biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven't memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
1.The writer's purpose of writing this passage is________.
A.to share his idea with others in a new way
B.to introduce two different systems of education through contrast
C.to criticize the society that values memorization
D.to prepare students for society
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。阅读全文可知本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处，以及各自的优势和劣势。故选B项。
2.Which is NOT true according to the passage
A.The system of education in the West is more creative than that in the East.
B.Japanese students learn much more about science than American students.
C.Canadian students are more individual than Korean students.
D.Students in North America are not so friendly as those in Asia.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas.”可知，西方教学体系更注重培养学生的创造力，因此A项正确;根据倒数第二段中“For example，one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about maths，physics，biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school.”可知，日本学生在高中后一时期比美国学生学习更多的自然科学，因此B正确;同A项一样，加拿大属于西方教学体制，西方教学体系更强调个人，因此比韩国学生更有个性，故C正确;D项中是否友好在文中并未体现，因此D错误。综上可知答案为D项。
3.From the facts, we can infer that________.
A.Asian students are more likely to do better in teamwork than American students
B.Chinese students are more hard working in their studies than Mexican students
C.the Western educational system is much better than the Eastern educational system
D.the Eastern educational system is as difficult as the Western educational system
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。阅读前两段可知，在西方教育体制下的孩子更倾向于自己独立思考，遵循自己的意见，而在东方教育之下，上课时教师讲，学生听，讨论并不多，孩子们更倾向于团队合作。故选A项。
4.What is the best title of the passage
A.Advantages and disadvantages of educational system
B.The value of individualism
C.Educational system—an obvious difference between the East and the West
D.Memorization—an important learning method
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。阅读全文可知本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处，故选C项。
三、七选五。
Get a Healthy Home
Most of us have spent more time at home in 2020 than we ever imagined possible. 1 These tips can help make your home better for your body and mind.
Take off your shoes at your door.Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in.A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe contains nearly 421,000 different bacteria(细菌)，including Escherichia coil and strep.Pesticides(杀虫剂) and cleaning chemicals can also come into your home via your shoes. 2
Freshen the walls.If the walls in your home feel as if they’re closing in，maybe it’s time to find a new coat of paint. 3 Researchers at the University of British Columbia found that blue boosts creativity，while red increases attention to detail.
4 In a small study，volunteers worked from noon to 8 p．m.in a room lit primarily by daylight or one lit primarily by artificial light.By the end of the second day，those who had worked in the sunlit room were less sleepy and performed better on performance tests connected with mental process.
Clean the air in your home. 5 The Department of Energy requires that it can remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air.Portable high-efficiency particulate air filters(过滤器) can clean a single room or the entire house.
A．Work near a window.
B．Study in the artificial light.
C．Studies have shown that color can influence your mood.
D．Maybe you have realized the importance of a healthy home.
E．Leave a pair of shoes you wear in the house by the front door.
F．A high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter can cost much.
G．The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter.
1．【答案】 D
【解析】上文讲在2020年，我们大多数人在家里度过的时间比我们能想象的还要长；下文讲这里有一些可以使你的家变得更有益于身心健康的方法。D项“或许你已经意识到一个健康的家庭(环境)的重要性了”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
2．【答案】E
【解析】根据本段第一句“Take off your shoes at your door.”可推知，本段陈述的是在屋内换鞋的必要性。E项“在家门口留一双你在家中穿的鞋子”符合语境。故选E。
3．【答案】C
【解析】上文讲如果你家里的墙壁让你有种包围感，也许是时候选一种新的墙漆了；下文具体解释了红蓝两种颜色的具体影响。C项“研究表明，颜色可以影响你的心情”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
4．【答案】A
【解析】下文讲一项小调查表明，与人造灯源相比，在自然光源下工作的人们没那么困倦，且他们在与心理过程有关的测试中表现得更出色。由此可推知，本段内容应与“在自然光源下工作”有关。A项“在窗边工作”符合语境。故选A。
5．【答案】G
【解析】上文讲清洁你家中的空气；下文讲能源部门规定它可以移除空气中99.97%的污染物和微粒。便携、高效的空气过滤器可以清洁一个单人间或整个房子。G项“这个黄金标准就是一个高效率的空气微粒过滤器”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
四、读后续写。
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn't mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at the their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn't even able to meet his daily needs.
They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time's meal so he needed anything he could earn.
The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn't deliver their stuff.
The wife started to get angry at her husband, "I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him."
They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, "Where is that old thief This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them."
注意：所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
Paragraph 1：When the porter heard the angry wife asking,
Paragraph 2：Upon hearing this,the husband had tears in his eyes,
【参考范文】
Paragraph 1: When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back and rushed to the market.Seeing the porter escaping quickly, the rich couple ran after him while calling the police. The police nearby rushed. At last, the porter stopped at the market, out of breath. The police seized him fast, but at this moment, they saw the old man lying there near the porter. When the couple arrived, they recognized the old man was the porter who they asked for delivery for them. Therefore, the angry wife shouted, "A thief here." However, the police stopped the woman and asked the old man to tell what happened to them.
Paragraph 2: Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, and the wife felt ashamed. However, they didn't say a word. Suddenly the wife went to the market and bought a meal for the old man. After the old man finished it, he struggled to his feet, saying sorry to the couple. Because he was badly ill, he couldn't finish the delivery to their home. And he had to ask his workmate to do that. After the police knew they had settled the problem, they were willing to deliver the goods for the couple."
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Learning about Language课时练习（原卷版）
1、根据句意和中文提示完成句子。
1. The museum is holding an （展览），where you will see many works by
artists. （有影响力的）
2. The book is an of a series of lectures given last year. （扩充）
3. My watch is still under (保修期），so they’ll repair it for free.
4. He his life savings in his daughter’s business. （投资）
5.We all long for peace.（永久的）
二、阅读理解。
In a society such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize all possible basic knowledge. Instead, they work individually and find answers by themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asia societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.
There are advantages and disadvantages of both systems of education. For example, one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about maths, physics, biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven't memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
1.The writer's purpose of writing this passage is________.
A.to share his idea with others in a new way
B.to introduce two different systems of education through contrast
C.to criticize the society that values memorization
D.to prepare students for society
2.Which is NOT true according to the passage
A.The system of education in the West is more creative than that in the East.
B.Japanese students learn much more about science than American students.
C.Canadian students are more individual than Korean students.
D.Students in North America are not so friendly as those in Asia.
3.From the facts, we can infer that________.
A.Asian students are more likely to do better in teamwork than American students
B.Chinese students are more hard working in their studies than Mexican students
C.the Western educational system is much better than the Eastern educational system
D.the Eastern educational system is as difficult as the Western educational system
4.What is the best title of the passage
A.Advantages and disadvantages of educational system
B.The value of individualism
C.Educational system—an obvious difference between the East and the West
D.Memorization—an important learning method
三、七选五。
Get a Healthy Home
Most of us have spent more time at home in 2020 than we ever imagined possible. 1 These tips can help make your home better for your body and mind.
Take off your shoes at your door.Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in.A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe contains nearly 421,000 different bacteria(细菌)，including Escherichia coil and strep.Pesticides(杀虫剂) and cleaning chemicals can also come into your home via your shoes. 2
Freshen the walls.If the walls in your home feel as if they’re closing in，maybe it’s time to find a new coat of paint. 3 Researchers at the University of British Columbia found that blue boosts creativity，while red increases attention to detail.
4 In a small study，volunteers worked from noon to 8 p．m.in a room lit primarily by daylight or one lit primarily by artificial light.By the end of the second day，those who had worked in the sunlit room were less sleepy and performed better on performance tests connected with mental process.
Clean the air in your home. 5 The Department of Energy requires that it can remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air.Portable high-efficiency particulate air filters(过滤器) can clean a single room or the entire house.
A．Work near a window.
B．Study in the artificial light.
C．Studies have shown that color can influence your mood.
D．Maybe you have realized the importance of a healthy home.
E．Leave a pair of shoes you wear in the house by the front door.
F．A high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter can cost much.
G．The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter.
四、读后续写。
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn't mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at the their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn't even able to meet his daily needs.
They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time's meal so he needed anything he could earn.
The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn't deliver their stuff.
The wife started to get angry at her husband, "I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him."
They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, "Where is that old thief This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them."
注意：所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
Paragraph 1：When the porter heard the angry wife asking,
Paragraph 2：Upon hearing this,the husband had tears in his eyes,
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
