2023年中考牛津译林版阅读专项训练（含答案）

2023年中考牛津译林版阅读专项训练
一、短文填空
一
Hundreds of years ago, a native（土著的） American chief named Shenandoah lived with his people in what is now the state of Virginia. Very l 1 is known about Shenandoah, but the soft sound of his name was given to a river. The Shenandoah River still runs in a deep valley（山谷） between the mountains in West Virginia, just as it did when Chief Shenandoah lived. There is an old s 2 which tells how the river got its name.
A long time ago, many c 3 before Europeans went to live in America, there was a great lake hidden in the mountains of Virginia. For hundreds of years, the native Americans lived near this lake, feeding on the f 4 they caught in its clean water. They often climbed up the mountains and made camp there d 5 their long hunt for food. In the evenings they sat near their camps and looked d 6 at the beautiful lake.
On a clear,starry night you could see thousands of stars s___7___and dancing on the water below. The native Americans loved this lake, and because they could see the stars in it, they called the lake "Clear daughter of the stars". In their l 8 the word for this was "Shenandoah".
One day there was a loud crash at one end of the lake. The lake began to disappear. Its water r 9 out of the valley through a break in the mountain side. The water ran on and on until they j 10 another river, which today is known as the Potomac River.
At last, the lake was gone. In its place was only a river. The lake is gone, but the beautiful Shenandoah River runs on.
1._______ 2._______ 3._______ 4._______ 5._______
6._______ 7._______ 8._______ 9._______ 10._______
二
There is a famous expression in English,"Stop the word,I want to get off!"This expression m1 a feeling of fear or stress, which makes a person want to stop whatever he/she is doing, try to relax, and become calm about the work or personal life. It is one of the most common causes of health problems in m 2 life. Too much stress leads to physical, emotional, and mental（精神的）health problems.
There are many physical effects of stress which can affect（影响） the heart. It can cause high blood pressure. Stress can l 3 to asthma（哮喘）, which can cause a person to breathe too fast Stress can affect the stomach. It can cause stomach aches. These are only a few e 4 of illnesses resulting from stress.
Emotions are also easily i 5 by stress. People suffering from stress often feel anxious. They may feel tired all the time. When people are under stress, they often overreact to little problems. For example, a kind mother under a lot of stress at work may s___6 at a child for dropping a glass of juice.
Suffering from stress for a long time can lead to s____7___ mental illnesses. Depression, a very strong feeling of s 8 and hopelessness, can be the result of stress. Eating disorders are sometimes c 9 by stress and are often made worse by stress. If stress is allowed to go on, one's mental health will be in danger.
It is clear that stress is a serious p___10. It attacks the body. So reduce stress-stop the world and rest for a while.
1._______ 2._______ 3._______ 4._______ 5._______
6._______ 7._______ 8._______ 9._______ 10._______
三
Marie didn't like Eva's friendship with Tom, so she told her husband that she didn't want any smell of horses in the house.
St. Clare told Tom to s 1 working with the horses. Eva told her father she liked going for walks with Tom. So Tom had to l 2 what he was doing when Eva needed him. Eva and Tom spent a lot of time together.
Tom noticed that St. Clare didn't look after his m 3 and his house very well, and that he spent too much money on the wrong things. He started giving some s 4 , and soon St. Clare understood that Tom's business advice was very good. After some time Tom started to look after the house expenses.
Tom also noticed that his master didn't take anything seriously and didn't live w 5 , and this worried him. One night St. Clare went to a party where he drank too much. He came home very late and Tom and another slave had to h 6 him to get into bed.
Tom went into his room and prayed for his master.
The next morning, St. Clare gave Tom some money to do some business for him. Tom took the money but he didn't move. "Well, Tom, what are you w 7 for "asked St. Clare."Is everything alright "
"I'm afraid not, Master,"said Tom.
"What's the p 8 You look very serious."
"I feel very bad, Master. I thought that Master was always going to be g 9 to everybody."
"Well, Tom, am I not Do you need anything "
"No,Master is always good to me. But there is someone that Master isn't good to.
"What do you mean "
"I thought about it last night. Master isn't good to h 10 ."
Then St. Clare laughed. "You re right. Never again, Tom, I promise," he said, with tears in his eyes. --- Taken from Uncle Tom's Cabin
1._______ 2._______ 3._______ 4._______ 5._______
6._______ 7._______ 8._______ 9._______ 10._______
四
“China is always well protected by the bravest of them,” former US secretary of state Henry Kissinger once wrote. Indeed, in the fight against the novel coronavirus, it is medical workers who are r___1___ their lives on the frontlines of the epidemic.
Since Feb. 17, over 32,000 medical workers from all over China have been s___2___ to Hubei, the center of the viral（病毒的）outbreak. They’re working under unusual c___3___, unimaginable stress and lots of working.
In Wuhan mobile cabin hospitals, medical workers take turns to t___4___ patients. They usually have to work continually for six hours, as well as take one hour to put on and take off their protective clothing.
To help them recognize each other, they write their names on their clothing. To save time, when they go to the bathroom, they c___5__ to wear diapers（尿布）” the Paper reported.
Many doctors and nurses were infected（感染）during the earliest p___6___ of the outbreak because of a lack of knowledge about the virus, as well as a shortage of medicine. Some of them were treated, recovered and went back to work. Some of them u___7__ lost their lives. According to China’s National Health Commission, a t___8___ of 1,716 medical workers in China were infected with the new coronavirus after Feb. 11, while six passed away.
With the support of the central government, the working conditions for medical staff in heavily-impacted(受大影响的) cities like Wuhan have been i___9___. They are confident that they will win the battle against the virus.
These medical workers are just common people. To fight the epidemic, parents leave their children and couples get s___10___. They are mothers and fathers, wives and husbands, sons and daughters, and also warriors.
二：阅读理解
A
Micro plastics（微塑料） are tiny bits or threads（线状）of plastic,often too small to be seen. In recent years, micro plastics have been found almost everywhere, from the North Pole to Antarctica（南极洲）, from the top of the earth's tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea.
In a study led by a group called Ocean Wise, researchers made four trips across the Arctic Ocean. They took 71 samples （样本） from between 10 leet and 26 feet（3~8 metres） below the ocean's surface. They took 26 more samples, some from more than 0.6 miles （1 kilometre） below the surface.
They found micro plastics in all but one of the 97 samples taken, with an average of about 40 micro plastic particles（颗粒） in every cubic（立方的） metre. In the study, the scientists used a tool based on infrared light-a kind of light that humans are unable to see. This tool allowed them to figure out not just which bits were plastic, but exactly what kind of plastic they were.
Over 92% of the micro plastics found were small threads, called microfibres（超细纤维）. About 73% of these fibres were made of a plastic known as polyester（聚酯）. The researchers looked into the size and colour of the fibres and found they matched polyester used in clothing.
The study found far more micro fibres near the Atlantic side of the Arctic Ocean than near the Pacific side. The fibres on the Atlantic side were also newer. The team believes this suggests that the fibres come from Europe and North America. Peter Ross, who led the research, said,"With these polyester fibres, we've created a cloud throughout the world's oceans. "
Most samples were taken from an ocean layer（表层） where lots of sea life finds food. The scientists believe this means that many kinds of sea life, from the smallest to the largest, are likely to be affected by the pollution.
So how do these micro fibres get into the sea They break off when clothes are washed and are emptied into sewers（下水道） as washing machines drain（排水）. Another study suggested that laundry （洗衣） from the US and Canada carries around 3,500,000 kilograms of plastic micro fibres into the sea every year.
One way to avoid sending so much plastic into the sea is to reduce mar-made materials, especially those that easily break down into microfibres. Washing clothes less often will also help. There are also Special filters（过滤器） for washing machines which help prevent micro fibres from escaping. Currently, people have to buy these filters and add them to their washing machines. If every washing machine came with such a filter built-in, it could make a big difference.
（　　）1. What do we know about the study led by Ocean Wise
A. A total of 96 samples contained（包含） micro plastics.
B. The samples were collected from different oceans.
C. Half of the collected micro plastics were micro fibres.
D. Almost all of the micro fibres came from North America.
（　　）2. Why did the researchers study the size and colour of the micro fibres
A. To find a way to solve the problem of micro plastics.
B. To see what harm they did to the ocean.
C. To design new types of tools.
D. To know their sources.
（　　）3. What is a solution to the problem mentioned in the text
A. Washing clothes by hand.
B. Making large washing machines.
C. Using natural materials to make clothes.
D. Cleaning clothes with certain chemicals（化学品） in water.
（　　）4. What might be the best title for the text
A. How pollution affects life in the sea
B. Micro plastics are increasing in our lives
C. How to protect the oceans and sea animals
D. The Arctic Ocean is polluted with micro plastic fibres
B
Like most people, you usually start work with the hope of being as productive as possible. Yet, as time goes by, you find your task list grows. What you set out to achieve in the beginning seems to get pushed to the side.
You're not alone.Many of us don’t have a process to prioritize tasks and always i eel like we're playing catch-up. We fail to decide what the most important task is even when everything on the to-do list seems important. But we can get ahead and stay on top of dead in es with some simple methods of setting priorities and managing our workload.
Here's a simple way to prioritize our dally tasks and focus（专注） on the work that matters most:Of all the things we now have energy for, do the thing we re normally least likely to do. If we have some live frogs（青蛙）to eat for breakfast, the idea is to eat the ugliest one as early as possible.
There are several ways this trick（技巧） can benefit us.
Doing something we rarely（很少）do is energizing. You do a thing like washing your windows that you never do. Having clean windows won't change your life but it challenges your conception of yourself. It influences how we see ourselves. Getting our body moving gives us energy and can improve our focus.
Unfamiliar things often provide more chances to help us grow than familiar ones. When I write for a new publication, it's with a new editor. I get different Ie ed back. I need to change my style to match the style of that publication, so I develop my skills. In this way we'll expand（发展） ourselves, our skills, and our future opportunities.
Some people react to anxiety by working hard on very comfortable things instead of paying attention to uncomfortable tasks that are a higher priority. The way of prioritizing helps prevent us from doing that. It makes it harder to fool ourselves that we re being productive by doing busywork that's super comfortable for us but has little chance of changing our life.
Should we use this trick all the time No. This is a good tip for the time when we’ve got energy, but we re swimming in thoughts about all the things we can do, and we re having trouble deciding and focusing.
Priorities are great. Knowing our priorities reduces stress, helps us focus and can also improve productivity and time management. But remember to be realistic about how much work we can actually do each day. When we prioritize our work properly, we re sure to have a good day.
（　　）1. What does the underlined word "prioritize" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. To explain what the most beneficial thing is. B. To decide what should be done first.
C. To tell what the most meaningful thing is. D. To discuss what can be achieved.
（　　）2. The ugliest frog refers to _____.
A. the animal we fear most B. the to-do list we've messed up
C. the thing we are least likely to do D.the thing that makes our day terrible
（　　）3. What can we learn from the passage
A. Doing unfamiliar things possibly improves our skills.
B. Doing energizing things shows how we see others.
C. Doing things we rarely do leads to the poor focus.
D. Doing comfortable things changes our life.
（　　）4. What is the passage mainly about
A. A solution to reduce our stress. B. Ways to help us focus and decide.
C.A trick of increasing our productivity. D.Advantages of developing our skills.
C
Researchers have reported on new ways to break down plastic. The studies could lead to easier high-quality（高质量的） recycling,and help deal with toxic（有毒的） plastic pollution.
The world is being covered by plastic, but only about 9% of plastic products are ever recycled.Every year, over 7.72 trillion kilograms of plastic finds its way into the world's oceans. But bacteria （细菌）may help recycle plastic, even when humans don't.
Bacteria are small living things-so small that we need a microscope（显微镜）to see them.
Bacteria feed themselves in many different ways. Some bacteria can "eat" other things by changing the chemicals in those things into something that will help the bacteria grow.
The secret to this is enzymes（酶）. Bacteria use enzymes to cause chemical changes. Enzymes can work like a pair of scissors, cutting and breaking apart other materials.
Most people know PET plastic. It is used in water and soda bottles. About 63.5 billion kilograms of PET plastic is produced every year. Most PET is thrown away, but even when it is recycled, it can't be made into new bottles. Usually it's turned into products like carpets（地毯）.
Years ago, in the decaying（腐烂的） leaves, scientists discovered an enzyme called LCC that slowly breaks down PET plastic. Years later, scientists working at the French company Car bios chose LCC from nearly 100,000 enzymes. It was the best at breaking down PET.
But the scientists wanted to improve LCC. They studied the enzyme and the way it at take d the PET. By testing thousands of small changes to the enzyme, they came up with a new kind of LCC.The new kind can be alive at higher temperatures and can eat through PET very quickly.
The process turns the PET plastic back into the materials that it was made from.
Those materials can then be used again to make new bottles or other products.
The researchers compared their new LCC with the old enzyme, and were satisfied with the results. When the environment was just right, the new LCC was able to break down 90% of the PET in just ten hours. The old enzyme took about 20 hours and only broke down half of the PET.
（　　）1. How much PET plastic is produced every year
A. About 7.72 trillion kilograms B. About 63.5 billion kilograms.
C. About 100 thousand kilograms. D. About 2 hundred kilograms.
（　　）2. What do you know about the bacteria from the passage
A. Bacteria can be seen with our eyes.
B. Bacteria can break down other materials directly.
C. Bacteria use enzymes to create physical changes in things.
D.Bacteria are small living things that feed on unusual forms of "food".
（　　）3. According to the passage, what is the relationship between PET plastic and LCC
A. The earliest LCC couldn't break down PET plastic.
B. LCC can help stop PET plastic from breaking down.
C.PET plastic can now be recycled faster because of a new kind of LCC.
D. The used PET plastic will become another kind of pollution because of LCC.
（　　）4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Bacteria: Growing by eating chemicals
B. Enzymes: Working like a pair of scissors
C. PET: Being widely used to make water and soda bottles
D.LCC:Leading to easier high-quality recycling of PET plastic
D
"Who are you "asked the little prince（王子）.
"I am a fox,"said the fox.
"Come and play with me,"said the little prince."I am so unhappy."
"I cannot play with you,"the fox said. "I am not tamed."
"I am looking for men,"said the little prince."What does that mean-‘tame’ "
"To me, you are still nothing more than a little boy who is just like a hundred thousand other little boys. And I have no need of you. And you, on your part, have no need of me. To you,I’m nothing more than a fox like a hundred thousand other foxes. But if you tame me, then we shall need each other. To me, you will be unique in all the world. To you, I shall be unique in all the world..."said the fox.
"I am beginning to understand,"said the little prince."There is a flower… I think that she has tamed me … "
"My life is very monotonous（单调的）,"the fox said. "I hunt chickens; men hunt me. All the chickens are just a like, and all the men are just alike. And, in consequence, I am a little bored. But if you tame me, it will be as if the sun came to shine on my life. I shall know the sound of a step the will be different from all the others. Other steps send me hurrying back underneath the ground. Yours will call me, like music, out of my burrow（洞穴）. And then look: you see the grain（谷物） field down there I do not eat bread. Wheat is of no use to me. The wheat lie lds have nothing to say to me. And that is sad.But you have hair that is the colour of gold.Think it will be so wonderful when you have tamed me! The grain, which is also golden, will bring me back the thought of you. And I shall love to listen to the wind in the wheat … "
The fox gazed at the little prince, for a long time.
"Please-tame me!"he said.
"One only understands the things that one tames,"said the fox."Men have no more time to understand anything. They buy things all ready made at the shops. But there is no shop anywhere where one can buy friendship, and so men have no friends any more. If you want a friend, tame me…"
"What must I do to tame you "asked the little prince.
"You must be very patient,"replied the fox. "First you will s it down at a little distance from me-like that-in the grass.I shall look at you out of the corner of my eye, and you will say nothing.Words are the source of misunderstandings. But you will s it a little closer to me, every day … "
The next day the little prince came back.
"It would have been better to come back at the same hour,"said the fox. "If, for example, you come at four o'clock in the afternoon, then at three o’clock I shall begin to be happy. I shall feel happier and happier as the hour advances. At four o’clock,I shall already be worrying and jumping bout.I shall show you how happy I am! But if you come at just any time, I shall never know at what hour my heart is to be ready to greet you … "
（　　）1. At the moment he first saw the fox, the little prince was ____.
A. bored B. afraid C. worried D. unhappy
（　　）2. What will probably bring the fox back the thought of the little prince
A. Bread. B. Chickens. C. Grain. D. The wind.
（　　）3. The last four paragraphs are mainly about _____.
A. the ways the little prince tames the fox
B. the reasons why the little prince tames the fox
C. the purposes of the little prince taming the fox
D. the best time for the little prince to tame the fox
（　　）4. What can we infer from the passage
A. The fox wanted a friend.
B. The little prince was looking for the fox.
C. Men can buy friendship in the wheat fields.
D. It is good to meet the fox at different time of a day.
答案：
一：1-5 little,story,centuries,fish,during
6-10 down,shining,language,ran,joined
二：1-5 means,modern,lead,examples,influenced
6-10 shout,serious,sadness,caused,problem
三：1-5 stop,leave,money,suggestions,well
6-10 help,waiting,problem,good,himself
四：1-5 risking，sent，conditions ，treat ， choose
6-10 period，unluckily，total，improved，separated
阅读理解
ADCD
BCAC
BDCD
DCAA