牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件(共45张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件(共45张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 794.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-01-30 21:26:53 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共45张PPT)
The Passive Voice
Unit 7
International charities
The plane __________(use) as a training centre.
The local doctors and nurses __________ (invite)on board to learn new skills.
150 patients ________(operate) on.
Most eye problems and deseases can __________(cure).
More money _________(need) to carry on with the work.
is used
are invited
were operated
be cured
is needed
被动语态
英语的动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Many students study English.(主动语态)
English is studied by many students.(被动语态)
The lights were turned off by Tom.
The windows are cleaned every week.
Millie closed the door.
The TV was turned on.
The boy made a model plane.
A total(总数) of 8 questions are answered.
or
Active
Passive
Passive
Passive
Active
Passive
Active
Passive
主语+ be + 过去分词
be 有人称和时态的变化。
He is supported.
We are invited.
UNICRF was set up in 1946.
被动语态的构成
结构：主语+am/is/are+Vt的过去分词
一、一般现在时态的被动语态
口诀：主变宾， 宾变主， 谓语动词用 be done
1.They make shoes .
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) .
把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：
1、They speak English .
2、They grow rice in South China.
English is spoken （by them）.
Rice is grown in South China (by them).
2. I bought a computer ．
A computer was bought (by me) .
一般过去时态的被动语态的构成：
主语+was/were+Vt的过去分词
二、一般过去时的被动语态
口诀：主变宾， 宾变主， 谓语动词用 be done
were planted
The bridge was
把下列句子变成被动语态的句子；
1.They planted these trees .
These trees .
2.The workers built the bridge in 1968
built by the workers in 1968.
Tom will clean the room .
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The room
will be cleaned
by
Tom.
一般将来时态的被动语态的构成:
主语+will be/be going to be/shall be+
V的过去分词
三、一般将来时态的被动语态
1、We will have a sports meeting.
2、 Children will take some photos.
3、She is going to buy some food.
A sports meeting will be had by us.
Some photos will be taken by children .
Some food is going to be bought by her .
e.g.You should drink more water.
More water
should be drunk
by you.
四、含情态动词的被动语态构成：
结构：主语+情态动词（can/may/must/should…）+be+V过去分词
1.Lucy may draw the pictures.
2.You must turn off the lights.
3.They should learn English well.
The picture may be drawn by Lucy.
The lights must be turned off by you.
English should be learned well by them.
被动语态的几种句型
1 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.
2 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…)
3 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage.
Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage
4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
Where was a sweet song sung by her
用所给动词的被动语态填空:
1) your room ________ (clean) every day
2) Our classroom __________ ( not clean ) yesterday.
3) Both of the two books __________ ( lose) last Sunday.
4) The students ___________ ( ask ) to hand in their homework on time every day.
5) ---When this kind of computer
(make) in Hong Kong
--- In 2000.
Is cleaned
wasn’t cleaned
were lost
are asked
was
made
一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。
1.You can do the work all by yourself.
The work _____ _____ _____ all by yourself.
2.We must plant more trees.
More trees _____ _____ ________.
3.We should dig a large hole.
A large hole _____ ____ _____.
4.Can we put our bikes here
_____ our bikes ____ _____ here
5.You mustn’t throw rubbish here.
Rubbish ______ _____ ______ here.
6.We can’t see many stars.
Many stars ______ ______ _______ .
小结：
1.含情态动词的被动结构： ______________________.
2.疑问句提前_____________; 否定句：___________+not.
can be done
must be planted
should be dug
Can
be put
mustn’t be thrown
can’t be seen
情态动词+be+过去分词
情态动词
情态动词
1. Charity activities _________________________ (plan/to help the poor).
are planned to help the poor
What they do every year
P99
Leaflets _______________________ ___________________________ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).
are handed out to people
in the street by volunteers
Toys and CDs _____________________
(sell/to raise money).
are sold to raise money
What they did last week
New books _________________________ __________________________________ (send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students).
were sent to children in poor
areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students
Warm clothes __________________________ (collect/for poor people).
were collected for poor people
A charity show _____________________________ (hold/the Students’ Union).
was held by the Students’ Union
My bike______________( not take)
yesterday.
was not taken
We _________________(not support)
by them.
are not supported
P100
Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really Please tell me about it.
抓关键词确定时态
Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.
was set up
was opened
are sold
is used
Daniel: That’s good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education.
is called
was started
are given
Amy: Yea. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year.
are built
activities / in Environment Week / a lot of / organize / are going to
A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.
design / posters / will / by Sandy
Posters will be designed by Sandy.
A Environment week
Task Three Practice
to all the people / send / leaflets / in the town / will
Leaflets will be sent to all the people in the town.
are going to / hold /some of the activities / in the town square
Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.
Lisa: Hi, Harry. There’s going to be an environment show here.
Harry: Really When is the show going to be held
Lisa: (1) ____________________________
________________ (this Friday
evening)
Harry: Will the show be held at your
school
Lisa: No, (2)_________________________
__________. (at the town hall)
B Environment week
The show is going to be held this Friday evening.
The show will be held at the
town hall
Task Three Practice
Harry: Who will be invited to the show
Lisa: _______________________________
_______________________ (some famous people in our town)
Harry: What will be displayed at the
show
Lisa: (4)_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________ (videos about the
past and present of Sunshine Town)
Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.
Videos about the past and present of Sunshine Town will be display at the show.
Harry: What will be discussed at the show
Lisa: (5) ____________________________
____________________________
_________ (ways about how to
protect the environment)
Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.
Pollution is one of the biggest problem in the world today. In many places, rubbish (1)___________ (throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of them (2)____________ (pollute).
In some cities, the air (3)________ (fill) with pollution. This makes people ill, and more people (4)_____________ (hurt) in the future if it is not cleaned up.
is thrown
are polluted
C Pollution
is filled
will be hurt
Task Three Practice
As well as people, animals (5)___________ (harm) by pollution. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment,
more living things (6)_________ (kill) by pollution.
However, there is some good news. A show (7)___________ (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. On that day, we (8)________ (show) how to protect the environment.
If we work together, we can make the world a better place.
are harmed
will be killed
will be held
will be shown
a.感官动词
see, hear,watch,notice
b.使役动词
let, make
c.help
help sb (to) do
I.感官动词，使役动词, help —— 被动语态中加to
sb be seen/heard to do sth
sb be let/made to do sth
sb be helped to do sth
1.The boss made the workers work all day.
2.I often hear her sing in the room.
3.We saw some boys playing football .
The workers were made to work all day.
She is often heard to sing in the room .
Some boys were seen playing football .
He teaches us English.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
（1）把间接宾语(即sb)变为主语。
We are taught English (by him).
（2）若把直接宾语(即sth.)变为被动句的主语时，常在保留宾语前加to或for。
English is taught to us (by him).
II. 双宾语结构 —— 主语为物，添加to/for
VII. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：
(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。
对比：The books sell well. (主动句)
The books were sold out. (被动句)
The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)
The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)
1、不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变被动语态。
happen, take place ,appear,disappear,break down, belong to ,break out (爆发）
The accident ______ early this morning.
happened B. was happened
C. has happened
The Olympics __________ (take place )every four years.
take place
VIII.不用被动语态的情况
必背！
2，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。
(1)Do you like the material — Yes, it feels very soft.
It is felt very soft.
(2)The food tastes delicious.
The food is tasted delicious.
(3)The pop music sounds beautiful.
The pop music is sounded beautiful.
√
√
√
IX. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：
据说…… It is said that …
据报导…… It is reported that …
据推测…… It is supposed that …
希望…… It is hoped that …
众所周知…… It is well known that …
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.
2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.
1. Today English _______ all over China.
A. teach B. teaches
C. is taught D. are taught
2. The meeting _______ two weeks ago.
A. hold B. was held
C. were held D. is held
3. Jim ___his clothes every day.
A. washed B. washes
C. washing D. is washed
4. We ____ the reading room last night.
A. is cleaned B. clean
C. cleaned D. was cleaned
5. Last year Beijing ____ by a big sandstorm.
A. is hit B. were hit
C. will be hit D. was hit
7. The photos _______ when I was young.
A. were taken B. was taken
C. are taken D. is taken
8. Millie is my best friend. I ___ often ____ to her party.
A. is invited B. am invited
C. are invited D. was invited
9. We often___ him help his classmates.
A. sees B. was seen
C. see D. seeing
Trees and flowers_____________(plant) every year.
She will ______(sell) a house to him soon.
The book was bought____ me.
He is __________(repair) the bike now.
The Great Wall __________(build) thousands of years ago.
Fill in the blanks
are planted
sell
by
repairing
was built
The Passive Voice
Unit 7
International charities
The plane __________(use) as a training centre.
The local doctors and nurses __________ (invite)on board to learn new skills.
150 patients ________(operate) on.
Most eye problems and deseases can __________(cure).
More money _________(need) to carry on with the work.
is used
are invited
were operated
be cured
is needed
被动语态
英语的动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Many students study English.(主动语态)
English is studied by many students.(被动语态)
The lights were turned off by Tom.
The windows are cleaned every week.
Millie closed the door.
The TV was turned on.
The boy made a model plane.
A total(总数) of 8 questions are answered.
or
Active
Passive
Passive
Passive
Active
Passive
Active
Passive
主语+ be + 过去分词
be 有人称和时态的变化。
He is supported.
We are invited.
UNICRF was set up in 1946.
被动语态的构成
结构：主语+am/is/are+Vt的过去分词
一、一般现在时态的被动语态
口诀：主变宾， 宾变主， 谓语动词用 be done
1.They make shoes .
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) .
把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：
1、They speak English .
2、They grow rice in South China.
English is spoken （by them）.
Rice is grown in South China (by them).
2. I bought a computer ．
A computer was bought (by me) .
一般过去时态的被动语态的构成：
主语+was/were+Vt的过去分词
二、一般过去时的被动语态
口诀：主变宾， 宾变主， 谓语动词用 be done
were planted
The bridge was
把下列句子变成被动语态的句子；
1.They planted these trees .
These trees .
2.The workers built the bridge in 1968
built by the workers in 1968.
Tom will clean the room .
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The room
will be cleaned
by
Tom.
一般将来时态的被动语态的构成:
主语+will be/be going to be/shall be+
V的过去分词
三、一般将来时态的被动语态
1、We will have a sports meeting.
2、 Children will take some photos.
3、She is going to buy some food.
A sports meeting will be had by us.
Some photos will be taken by children .
Some food is going to be bought by her .
e.g.You should drink more water.
More water
should be drunk
by you.
四、含情态动词的被动语态构成：
结构：主语+情态动词（can/may/must/should…）+be+V过去分词
1.Lucy may draw the pictures.
2.You must turn off the lights.
3.They should learn English well.
The picture may be drawn by Lucy.
The lights must be turned off by you.
English should be learned well by them.
被动语态的几种句型
1 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.
2 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…)
3 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage.
Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage
4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
Where was a sweet song sung by her
用所给动词的被动语态填空:
1) your room ________ (clean) every day
2) Our classroom __________ ( not clean ) yesterday.
3) Both of the two books __________ ( lose) last Sunday.
4) The students ___________ ( ask ) to hand in their homework on time every day.
5) ---When this kind of computer
(make) in Hong Kong
--- In 2000.
Is cleaned
wasn’t cleaned
were lost
are asked
was
made
一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。
1.You can do the work all by yourself.
The work _____ _____ _____ all by yourself.
2.We must plant more trees.
More trees _____ _____ ________.
3.We should dig a large hole.
A large hole _____ ____ _____.
4.Can we put our bikes here
_____ our bikes ____ _____ here
5.You mustn’t throw rubbish here.
Rubbish ______ _____ ______ here.
6.We can’t see many stars.
Many stars ______ ______ _______ .
小结：
1.含情态动词的被动结构： ______________________.
2.疑问句提前_____________; 否定句：___________+not.
can be done
must be planted
should be dug
Can
be put
mustn’t be thrown
can’t be seen
情态动词+be+过去分词
情态动词
情态动词
1. Charity activities _________________________ (plan/to help the poor).
are planned to help the poor
What they do every year
P99
Leaflets _______________________ ___________________________ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).
are handed out to people
in the street by volunteers
Toys and CDs _____________________
(sell/to raise money).
are sold to raise money
What they did last week
New books _________________________ __________________________________ (send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students).
were sent to children in poor
areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students
Warm clothes __________________________ (collect/for poor people).
were collected for poor people
A charity show _____________________________ (hold/the Students’ Union).
was held by the Students’ Union
My bike______________( not take)
yesterday.
was not taken
We _________________(not support)
by them.
are not supported
P100
Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really Please tell me about it.
抓关键词确定时态
Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.
was set up
was opened
are sold
is used
Daniel: That’s good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education.
is called
was started
are given
Amy: Yea. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year.
are built
activities / in Environment Week / a lot of / organize / are going to
A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.
design / posters / will / by Sandy
Posters will be designed by Sandy.
A Environment week
Task Three Practice
to all the people / send / leaflets / in the town / will
Leaflets will be sent to all the people in the town.
are going to / hold /some of the activities / in the town square
Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.
Lisa: Hi, Harry. There’s going to be an environment show here.
Harry: Really When is the show going to be held
Lisa: (1) ____________________________
________________ (this Friday
evening)
Harry: Will the show be held at your
school
Lisa: No, (2)_________________________
__________. (at the town hall)
B Environment week
The show is going to be held this Friday evening.
The show will be held at the
town hall
Task Three Practice
Harry: Who will be invited to the show
Lisa: _______________________________
_______________________ (some famous people in our town)
Harry: What will be displayed at the
show
Lisa: (4)_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________ (videos about the
past and present of Sunshine Town)
Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.
Videos about the past and present of Sunshine Town will be display at the show.
Harry: What will be discussed at the show
Lisa: (5) ____________________________
____________________________
_________ (ways about how to
protect the environment)
Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.
Pollution is one of the biggest problem in the world today. In many places, rubbish (1)___________ (throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of them (2)____________ (pollute).
In some cities, the air (3)________ (fill) with pollution. This makes people ill, and more people (4)_____________ (hurt) in the future if it is not cleaned up.
is thrown
are polluted
C Pollution
is filled
will be hurt
Task Three Practice
As well as people, animals (5)___________ (harm) by pollution. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment,
more living things (6)_________ (kill) by pollution.
However, there is some good news. A show (7)___________ (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. On that day, we (8)________ (show) how to protect the environment.
If we work together, we can make the world a better place.
are harmed
will be killed
will be held
will be shown
a.感官动词
see, hear,watch,notice
b.使役动词
let, make
c.help
help sb (to) do
I.感官动词，使役动词, help —— 被动语态中加to
sb be seen/heard to do sth
sb be let/made to do sth
sb be helped to do sth
1.The boss made the workers work all day.
2.I often hear her sing in the room.
3.We saw some boys playing football .
The workers were made to work all day.
She is often heard to sing in the room .
Some boys were seen playing football .
He teaches us English.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
（1）把间接宾语(即sb)变为主语。
We are taught English (by him).
（2）若把直接宾语(即sth.)变为被动句的主语时，常在保留宾语前加to或for。
English is taught to us (by him).
II. 双宾语结构 —— 主语为物，添加to/for
VII. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：
(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。
对比：The books sell well. (主动句)
The books were sold out. (被动句)
The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)
The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)
1、不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变被动语态。
happen, take place ,appear,disappear,break down, belong to ,break out (爆发）
The accident ______ early this morning.
happened B. was happened
C. has happened
The Olympics __________ (take place )every four years.
take place
VIII.不用被动语态的情况
必背！
2，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。
(1)Do you like the material — Yes, it feels very soft.
It is felt very soft.
(2)The food tastes delicious.
The food is tasted delicious.
(3)The pop music sounds beautiful.
The pop music is sounded beautiful.
√
√
√
IX. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：
据说…… It is said that …
据报导…… It is reported that …
据推测…… It is supposed that …
希望…… It is hoped that …
众所周知…… It is well known that …
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.
2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.
1. Today English _______ all over China.
A. teach B. teaches
C. is taught D. are taught
2. The meeting _______ two weeks ago.
A. hold B. was held
C. were held D. is held
3. Jim ___his clothes every day.
A. washed B. washes
C. washing D. is washed
4. We ____ the reading room last night.
A. is cleaned B. clean
C. cleaned D. was cleaned
5. Last year Beijing ____ by a big sandstorm.
A. is hit B. were hit
C. will be hit D. was hit
7. The photos _______ when I was young.
A. were taken B. was taken
C. are taken D. is taken
8. Millie is my best friend. I ___ often ____ to her party.
A. is invited B. am invited
C. are invited D. was invited
9. We often___ him help his classmates.
A. sees B. was seen
C. see D. seeing
Trees and flowers_____________(plant) every year.
She will ______(sell) a house to him soon.
The book was bought____ me.
He is __________(repair) the bike now.
The Great Wall __________(build) thousands of years ago.
Fill in the blanks
are planted
sell
by
repairing
was built