周末大自习·话题集训 第二周 演练话题——健康饮食
卷(一) 话题阅读提速练(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Many people wake up feeling not rested in the morning. And many of us ignore this problem as the day goes on, forgetting that the restlessness we carry throughout the day might have a cause.
We simply do not give ourselves enough of a chance to sleep. A survey of over 74,000 people found that 35 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours per night on average. Even more, the amount of sleep we allow ourselves has changed greatly over the past 15 years.
This lack (缺乏) of sleep can lead to many problems. One study found that simply limiting yourself to six hours of sleep a night for two weeks made performance on a task as poor as if you had stayed up all night on a single night. Now consider ruling out a few things.
If you intend to try extending (延长) your sleep period, consider giving yourself a chance to sleep longer for a full week. My best advice is to try to sleep in for 3 4 consecutive (连续的) days. Start on the weekend to make it easier. Going to bed earlier doesn't always work, even if you are tired. Your body clock might be programmed in such a way that keeps you from falling asleep quickly, but it might let you sleep in longer.
When you try this, you might find that your problems go away, you feel better, and you wake up feeling more rested. But you might also find that you simply don't need that much sleep and you may have got insomnia (失眠). You might say that this advice is not exactly rocket science, but, given the bad influence of sleeping problems, it might at least be brain science.
1．What do many people do with their restlessness
A．They think nothing of it.
B．They receive treatment.
C．They worry a lot about it.
D．They feel hopeless about it.
2．What is stressed in Paragraph 2
A．What causes sleep problems.
B．How serious sleep problems are.
C．How dangerous sleep problems are.
D．What to do to avoid sleep problems.
3．What are we advised to do to improve our sleep
A．Change our body clock.
B．Avoid being tired in the day.
C．Force ourselves to sleep more.
D．Spend every weekend sleeping.
4．What does the author think of his suggestion
A．It is worth trying.
B．It can solve sleep problems.
C．It is the best way to keep healthy.
D．It will certainly make people feel rested.
B
Leftover food from the Olympic Village was being cooked by a group of top international chefs and served to the poor. Massimo Bottura, a famous Italian chef, and David Hertz, a kind wealthy man from Brazil, first got the idea in Italy last year, when the World Expo was held in Milan of Italy. At that time, 65 chefs were called in together to cook meals using donated materials from the event.
And Mr Bottura's team then aimed to produce 5,000 meals daily from the leftovers of the Olympic Village. It was home to 11,000 competitors during the Olympic Games. “We are going to work only with materials that are about to be wasted, like ugly fruit and vegetables, or yoghurt that is going to be wasted in two days if you don't buy it. We want to fight hunger and provide good food. It will continue through the whole course of the Olympics and Paralympic Games (残奥会), after which it will work as a social business，” Mr Hertz said. The business also provided professional training for restaurant professionals, including cooks, bakers and waiters.
Between 30 and 40 percent of food produced around the world is never eaten because it spoils (变质) during transportation, or is thrown away by shops and users. Yet almost 800 million people in the world go to bed hungry every night, according to a study. In Brazil, hunger dropped to under 5 percent of the population in 2015, from almost 15 percent in 1990, the UN study shows. However, in a country of 208 million people, that means millions still don't have enough food.
Mr Hertz said he would like to see the same act done in every city to hold the Olympics in future.
5．Who will be the possible eaters of the food cooked with the leftovers
A．The players for the Olympics.
B．The poor people in hunger.
C．The workers for the Paralympic Games.
D．The Brazil officers of the Games.
6．What do you know about Mr Bottura
A．He took part in many Olympics.
B．He has some relatives in Brazil.
C．He is a famous chef from Italy.
D．He has a quite wealthy family.
7．How many people stood hunger in Brazil in 2015
A．About 100 million.
B．Over 30 million.
C．Over 10 million.
D．About 5 million.
8．According to the passage, Mr Hertz hopes ________.
A．the same act can be done in future Olympic host cities
B．more and more chefs can work for the Olympics
C．there will be no hunger in Brazil
D．he could take part in many more Olympics
Ⅱ.完形填空
A lot of the time when I tell my French friends that I am a vegetarian (素食主义者), a look of horror comes over their faces! “What do you eat？” they ask me. “You must be so __9__！” It has been fascinating, over my year abroad, to __10__ first hand the cultural importance of food in different countries and regions. In the United Kingdom, veganism is becoming very __11__ with around 3 million people currently vegetarian. The city in which I go to university, Glasgow, is known as the “__12__” capital of the UK. However, here in France, I often struggle to find a __13__ of meat and fish free on a menu, which can make eating in restaurants a bit of a __14__.
People are often curious about my choice and I am __15__ asked why I choose to limit my __16__ in the way I do. There are many reasons why people may __17__ to not eat meat, fish or animal products. Many people __18__ meat or fish simply __19__ they do not enjoy the taste or texture. On the other hand, others feel that killing animals or causing them __20__ is morally wrong. __21__， many people are vegetarians or vegans as a means of protesting (抗议) against the __22__ attitude towards food of many Western countries. Others feel that raising animals for __23__ has a negative effect on the environment or that it is bad for health.
Meatless Monday is a campaign to __24__ every household to eat meals which don't __25__ meat or fish on Mondays. The campaign aims to __26__ the carbon footprint of the planet as well as to improve __27__. This is a great challenge for anyone who would like to try out some vegetarian cooking and is a wonderful way to contribute to __28__ climate change. I hope you enjoy looking for some amazing vegetarian recipes!
9．A.thin B．greedy
C．poor D．hungry
10．A.experience B．support
C．benefit D．ignore
11．A.strict B．popular
C．familiar D．content
12．A.cotton B．tour
C．vegan D．film
13．A.symbol B．label
C．list D．dish
14．A.challenge B．treat
C．pleasure D．dream
15．A.seriously B．regularly
C．briefly D．luckily
16．A.exercise B．study
C．diet D．work
17．A.fail B．hesitate
C．refuse D．choose
18．A.give up B．eat up
C．add up D．bring up
19．A.until B．because
C．while D．unless
20．A.death B．loss
C．pain D．injury
21．A.However B．Instead
C．Thus D．Furthermore
22．A.wasteful B．casual
C．flexible D．official
23．A.fun B．meat
C．money D．business
24．A.order B．force
C．encourage D．require
25．A.add B．consume
C．cook D．contain
26．A.lower B．discover
C．remove D．follow
27．A.quality B．health
C．trade D．impression
28．A.carrying out B．going through
C．slowing down D．cutting down
卷(二) 短板题型强化练(限时45分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
A
People who are overweight are often seen to have a strong desire for food at any time of the day.They keep on eating till they reach their satisfaction level.This often pushes them towards overeating. __1__ Thus, if you are one of such people, you need to take steps to satisfy your hunger without overeating.
__2__ This will give you a clear picture about the quantity of food you should eat at once.Do not overeat because you will have leftovers.You can always enjoy eating the leftovers at some other time and save time and effort required for cooking.
Do not rush while eating food.Take your time and eat slowly as this technique develops the feeling of fullness before your stomach is actually full. __3__ This draws your mind's attention towards your stomach, which will let you know if your stomach is full or not.
Do not watch television while eating because it causes distractions (分心). __4__ Create a pleasant dining environment so that the satisfaction of having a great dining experience leaves your hunger satisfied without eating too much.
__5__ Waiting for too long before eating will make you eat more.Drink a lot of water as it helps in reducing food desire without adding calories to the body.
A．Eat when you begin feeling hungry.
B．Overeating is a major cause behind poor health.
C．Start with the dish that seems more interesting to you.
D．Frequent overeating will result in unwanted weight gain.
E．Instead, sit at a dining table to concentrate on what you're eating.
F．Decide how much you want to eat before actually eating your food.
G．To know if you are full during a meal, take deep breaths in between.
B
Everyone has been on a diet. Does that sound strange Well, it's true. __6__ But the word “diet” also can mean an attempt to lose weight by limiting calories (卡路里) or types of food.
When someone diets to lose weight, the person is trying to eat fewer calories than the body uses. By doing this, the person may lose his or her weight. __7__ Unlike adults, kids are still growing. During this time, kids need all kinds of healthy foods to keep their bodies growing properly. Thus, kids may hurt their health even more by skipping (略过) meals or deciding to eat only one kind of special food.
__8__ For example, diets that don't include different kinds of nutritious (有营养的) foods, or have too few calories, can be harmful. There are some diets which cut out entire kinds of foods or require the person to eat just one thing, such as cabbage soup. These diets can make children sick.
__9__ They can do plenty of physical activities to keep a proper weight. They have many choices when it comes to exercise. Some like to play on sports teams or dance in groups. Others may prefer to ride their bikes at the park. Just helping your parents clean the house is also a kind of physical activity! __10__ It means you don't eat the same thing every day and that you eat a mix of foods from different food groups. This kind of diet helps your body by giving it the right nutrients.
A．There are some diets that are dangerous for kids.
B．However, kids usually don't need to diet in this way.
C．Besides, kids can lose weight by eating a balanced diet.
D．Kids who need to lose weight may visit a doctor.
E．A diet is simply the collection of the foods you usually eat.
F．So if kids don't need to diet, how can they stay a healthy weight
G．Also medicine and special drinks are poor choices, especially for kids.
Ⅱ.语法填空
When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the West, __1__ everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes __2__ (place) on the table and everybody shares. If you're being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.
During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests __3__ (show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you don't like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”， with the food __4__ (leave) there. But don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, it's very impolite __5__ the host and seniors who are present at the table.
At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn't turn the fish over by saying “fan”， which is __6__ Chinese word for “turn over”， which is considered bad luck for __7__ (fisherman) and their boats. The __8__ (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true in southern China.
These tips above will be __9__ (extreme) useful when you visit China, an __10__ (east) country with a long history.
Ⅲ.短文改错
Dear Wang Lin，
I'm sorry to know that you are facing some problems. It's naturally for someone to meet with different kinds of problems when he first studied abroad. The language problem is the first one. But I'm sure you'll soon be able to use the language well, so I know you're a quick learner. Being sure to take every possible chance to practise your oral English, that will do good to you. The second problem is usually the change of eating habit. Not everyone can get accustom to a different diet, so why not to cook meals by yourself Studying abroad is big challenge to you, but it's really interested.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua周末大自习·话题集训 第二周 演练话题——健康饮食
卷(一) 话题阅读提速练(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Many people wake up feeling not rested in the morning. And many of us ignore this problem as the day goes on, forgetting that the restlessness we carry throughout the day might have a cause.
We simply do not give ourselves enough of a chance to sleep. A survey of over 74,000 people found that 35 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours per night on average. Even more, the amount of sleep we allow ourselves has changed greatly over the past 15 years.
This lack (缺乏) of sleep can lead to many problems. One study found that simply limiting yourself to six hours of sleep a night for two weeks made performance on a task as poor as if you had stayed up all night on a single night. Now consider ruling out a few things.
If you intend to try extending (延长) your sleep period, consider giving yourself a chance to sleep longer for a full week. My best advice is to try to sleep in for 3 4 consecutive (连续的) days. Start on the weekend to make it easier. Going to bed earlier doesn't always work, even if you are tired. Your body clock might be programmed in such a way that keeps you from falling asleep quickly, but it might let you sleep in longer.
When you try this, you might find that your problems go away, you feel better, and you wake up feeling more rested. But you might also find that you simply don't need that much sleep and you may have got insomnia (失眠). You might say that this advice is not exactly rocket science, but, given the bad influence of sleeping problems, it might at least be brain science.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。作者在本文告诉我们如果有睡眠问题，可以尝试在某个阶段逼迫自己多睡会。
1．What do many people do with their restlessness
A．They think nothing of it.
B．They receive treatment.
C．They worry a lot about it.
D．They feel hopeless about it.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“And many of us ignore this problem as the day goes on ...”可知，很多人早晨起床觉得没休息好，而大多数人对这个问题也不重视。
2．What is stressed in Paragraph 2
A．What causes sleep problems.
B．How serious sleep problems are.
C．How dangerous sleep problems are.
D．What to do to avoid sleep problems.
解析：选B 段落大意题。从内容上看，第二段主要用数据说明了人们睡眠时间的减少，说明了睡眠问题的严重性。
3．What are we advised to do to improve our sleep
A．Change our body clock.
B．Avoid being tired in the day.
C．Force ourselves to sleep more.
D．Spend every weekend sleeping.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“... consider giving yourself a chance to sleep longer for a full week”可知，作者建议人们强迫自己一周内多睡觉。
4．What does the author think of his suggestion
A．It is worth trying.
B．It can solve sleep problems.
C．It is the best way to keep healthy.
D．It will certainly make people feel rested.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“... but, given the bad influence of sleeping problems, it might at least be brain science”可知，作者觉得自己提出的强制睡眠的建议是值得尝试的。
B
Leftover food from the Olympic Village was being cooked by a group of top international chefs and served to the poor. Massimo Bottura, a famous Italian chef, and David Hertz, a kind wealthy man from Brazil, first got the idea in Italy last year, when the World Expo was held in Milan of Italy. At that time, 65 chefs were called in together to cook meals using donated materials from the event.
And Mr Bottura's team then aimed to produce 5,000 meals daily from the leftovers of the Olympic Village. It was home to 11,000 competitors during the Olympic Games. “We are going to work only with materials that are about to be wasted, like ugly fruit and vegetables, or yoghurt that is going to be wasted in two days if you don't buy it. We want to fight hunger and provide good food. It will continue through the whole course of the Olympics and Paralympic Games (残奥会), after which it will work as a social business，” Mr Hertz said. The business also provided professional training for restaurant professionals, including cooks, bakers and waiters.
Between 30 and 40 percent of food produced around the world is never eaten because it spoils (变质) during transportation, or is thrown away by shops and users. Yet almost 800 million people in the world go to bed hungry every night, according to a study. In Brazil, hunger dropped to under 5 percent of the population in 2015, from almost 15 percent in 1990, the UN study shows. However, in a country of 208 million people, that means millions still don't have enough food.
Mr Hertz said he would like to see the same act done in every city to hold the Olympics in future.
5．Who will be the possible eaters of the food cooked with the leftovers
A．The players for the Olympics.
B．The poor people in hunger.
C．The workers for the Paralympic Games.
D．The Brazil officers of the Games.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Leftover food from the Olympic Village was being cooked by a group of top international chefs and served to the poor.”可知，来自奥运村的剩余食材被国际顶尖的厨师烹饪服务于穷人，可推知，饥饿的穷人可能成为用剩余食材烹饪出的美食的食客。
6．What do you know about Mr Bottura
A．He took part in many Olympics.
B．He has some relatives in Brazil.
C．He is a famous chef from Italy.
D．He has a quite wealthy family.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Massimo Bottura, a famous Italian chef”可知，Bottura 是来自意大利的知名厨师。
7．How many people stood hunger in Brazil in 2015
A．About 100 million.
B．Over 30 million.
C．Over 10 million.
D．About 5 million.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In Brazil, hunger dropped to under 5 percent of the population in 2015, from almost 15 percent in 1990, the UN study shows. However, in a country of 208 million people, that means millions still don't have enough food.”可知，2015年，巴西忍受饥饿的人口比例从1990年的15%左右下降至5%以内。然而，在一个拥有208,000,000人口的国家，这意味着有数百万人仍然没有足够的食物，故可知，2015年，巴西忍受饥饿的人口数量超过10,000,000。
8．According to the passage, Mr Hertz hopes ________.
A．the same act can be done in future Olympic host cities
B．more and more chefs can work for the Olympics
C．there will be no hunger in Brazil
D．he could take part in many more Olympics
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Mr Hertz said he would like to see the same act done in every city to hold the Olympics in future.”可知，Hertz先生希望相同的行为可以在以后的奥运会承办城市实现。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A lot of the time when I tell my French friends that I am a vegetarian (素食主义者), a look of horror comes over their faces! “What do you eat？” they ask me. “You must be so __9__！” It has been fascinating, over my year abroad, to __10__ first hand the cultural importance of food in different countries and regions. In the United Kingdom, veganism is becoming very __11__ with around 3 million people currently vegetarian. The city in which I go to university, Glasgow, is known as the “__12__” capital of the UK. However, here in France, I often struggle to find a __13__ of meat and fish free on a menu, which can make eating in restaurants a bit of a __14__.
People are often curious about my choice and I am __15__ asked why I choose to limit my __16__ in the way I do. There are many reasons why people may __17__ to not eat meat, fish or animal products. Many people __18__ meat or fish simply __19__ they do not enjoy the taste or texture. On the other hand, others feel that killing animals or causing them __20__ is morally wrong. __21__， many people are vegetarians or vegans as a means of protesting (抗议) against the __22__ attitude towards food of many Western countries. Others feel that raising animals for __23__ has a negative effect on the environment or that it is bad for health.
Meatless Monday is a campaign to __24__ every household to eat meals which don't __25__ meat or fish on Mondays. The campaign aims to __26__ the carbon footprint of the planet as well as to improve __27__. This is a great challenge for anyone who would like to try out some vegetarian cooking and is a wonderful way to contribute to __28__ climate change. I hope you enjoy looking for some amazing vegetarian recipes!
语篇解读：本文通过讲述作者主张素食主义的亲身经历介绍并分析了坚持素食主义的好处等情况。
9．A.thin B．greedy
C．poor D．hungry
解析：选D 上文中作者说他是一个素食主义者，再结合空处前面的“‘What do you eat？’ they ask me”可知，作者的法国朋友认为他肯定感到饥饿。故选D。
10．A.experience B．support
C．benefit D．ignore
解析：选A 根据空处后面的“first hand the cultural importance of food in different countries and regions”可知，作者亲身体验了食物文化的重要性。故选A。
11．A.strict B．popular
C．familiar D．content
解析：选B 根据空处后面的“with around 3 million people currently vegetarian”可知，此处表示在英国，素食主义变得很受欢迎。
12．A.cotton B．tour
C．vegan D．film
解析：选C 此处指Glasgow是英国的素食之都。vegan意为“严格的素食主义者”。
13．A.symbol B．label
C．list D．dish
解析：选D 结合语境可知，此处表示“然而，在法国我经常尽力在菜单上找一道没有肉、没有鱼的菜，这让在餐馆吃饭有点挑战”。故选D。
14．A.challenge B．treat
C．pleasure D．dream
解析：选A 参见上题解析。challenge“挑战”。
15．A.seriously B．regularly
C．briefly D．luckily
解析：选B 与前面的“often”呼应，空处表示“人们经常(regularly)问我为什么要选择限制我的饮食”。
16．A.exercise B．study
C．diet D．work
解析：选C 根据上文中的“my choice”和第一段第一句话中的“I am a vegetarian(素食主义者)”可知，空处指限制自己的饮食(diet)。
17．A.fail B．hesitate
C．refuse D．choose
解析：选D 由上文内容可知，此处表示人们选择不吃肉、鱼和动物产品的原因有很多。
18．A.give up B．eat up
C．add up D．bring up
解析：选A 与上文中的“not eat meat, fish or animal products”呼应，此处指很多人放弃吃肉或者吃鱼。
19．A.until B．because
C．while D．unless
解析：选B 根据空后的“they do not enjoy the taste or texture”可知，这里指人们放弃吃肉、吃鱼的原因，故选because。
20．A.death B．loss
C．pain D．injury
解析：选A 根据前面的“killing animals”可知，此处选death。
21．A.However B．Instead
C．Thus D．Furthermore
解析：选D 根据语境可知，此处表示人们选择素食的另外一种原因。故选Furthermore，意为“此外，而且”。
22．A.wasteful B．casual
C．flexible D．official
解析：选A 根据空后的“attitude towards food of many Western countries”可知，此处是人们对浪费食物的态度的反对。
23．A.fun B．meat
C．money D．business
解析：选B 其他人认为为了吃它们的肉而饲养动物对环境有消极影响。
24．A.order B．force
C．encourage D．require
解析：选C 这个“周一不吃肉”活动的目的是鼓励(encourage)每个家庭在周一不吃含肉或鱼的饭。
25．A.add B．consume
C．cook D．contain
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
26．A.lower B．discover
C．remove D．follow
解析：选A 根据空格后面的“the carbon footprint of the planet”可知，这个项目的目的是减少地球上的碳足迹，同时促进健康。
27．A.quality B．health
C．trade D．impression
解析：选B 参见上题解析。
28．A.carrying out B．going through
C．slowing down D．cutting down
解析：选C 由上文内容可知，减少碳足迹和素食烹饪都可以为减慢(slowing down)气候变化作出贡献。
卷(二) 短板题型强化练(限时45分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
A
People who are overweight are often seen to have a strong desire for food at any time of the day.They keep on eating till they reach their satisfaction level.This often pushes them towards overeating. __1__ Thus, if you are one of such people, you need to take steps to satisfy your hunger without overeating.
__2__ This will give you a clear picture about the quantity of food you should eat at once.Do not overeat because you will have leftovers.You can always enjoy eating the leftovers at some other time and save time and effort required for cooking.
Do not rush while eating food.Take your time and eat slowly as this technique develops the feeling of fullness before your stomach is actually full. __3__ This draws your mind's attention towards your stomach, which will let you know if your stomach is full or not.
Do not watch television while eating because it causes distractions (分心). __4__ Create a pleasant dining environment so that the satisfaction of having a great dining experience leaves your hunger satisfied without eating too much.
__5__ Waiting for too long before eating will make you eat more.Drink a lot of water as it helps in reducing food desire without adding calories to the body.
A．Eat when you begin feeling hungry.
B．Overeating is a major cause behind poor health.
C．Start with the dish that seems more interesting to you.
D．Frequent overeating will result in unwanted weight gain.
E．Instead, sit at a dining table to concentrate on what you're eating.
F．Decide how much you want to eat before actually eating your food.
G．To know if you are full during a meal, take deep breaths in between.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。吃得过多是导致肥胖的主要原因之一，那么如何才能避免吃得过多呢？
1．选D D项中的“Frequent overeating, unwanted weight gain”与上文的“overweight, overeating”呼应。
2．选F 由本空后句中的“the quantity of food”的提示可判断选F项，即吃之前就应决定自己应该吃多少。
3．选G 本空后的This指G项的“take deep breaths in between”， 且该选项中的“if you are full”与上下句呼应。
4．选E 吃饭时不要看电视，而是坐在餐桌上专心吃饭，由此逻辑可判断选E项。
5．选A 由本空后的“Waiting for too long before eating”可判断，此处意为一开始感觉到饿就要吃，而不能等到太饿的时候才吃。
B
Everyone has been on a diet. Does that sound strange Well, it's true. __6__ But the word “diet” also can mean an attempt to lose weight by limiting calories (卡路里) or types of food.
When someone diets to lose weight, the person is trying to eat fewer calories than the body uses. By doing this, the person may lose his or her weight. __7__ Unlike adults, kids are still growing. During this time, kids need all kinds of healthy foods to keep their bodies growing properly. Thus, kids may hurt their health even more by skipping (略过) meals or deciding to eat only one kind of special food.
__8__ For example, diets that don't include different kinds of nutritious (有营养的) foods, or have too few calories, can be harmful. There are some diets which cut out entire kinds of foods or require the person to eat just one thing, such as cabbage soup. These diets can make children sick.
__9__ They can do plenty of physical activities to keep a proper weight. They have many choices when it comes to exercise. Some like to play on sports teams or dance in groups. Others may prefer to ride their bikes at the park. Just helping your parents clean the house is also a kind of physical activity! __10__ It means you don't eat the same thing every day and that you eat a mix of foods from different food groups. This kind of diet helps your body by giving it the right nutrients.
A．There are some diets that are dangerous for kids.
B．However, kids usually don't need to diet in this way.
C．Besides, kids can lose weight by eating a balanced diet.
D．Kids who need to lose weight may visit a doctor.
E．A diet is simply the collection of the foods you usually eat.
F．So if kids don't need to diet, how can they stay a healthy weight
G．Also medicine and special drinks are poor choices, especially for kids.
6．选E 根据上文“Everyone has been on a diet.”可知，此处和饮食相关；再结合下文“But the word ‘diet’ also can mean ...”可知，但是“diet”这个词也意味着通过限制卡路里和某种类型的食物来尝试减肥。由此可知，空格处讲述的也是“diet”的含义——饮食，你通常所吃的食物的集合。
7．选B 根据上文“When someone diets to lose weight, the person is trying to eat fewer calories than the body uses.”可知，如果一个人通过节食减肥的话，他/她(通过食物)摄入的卡路里要比身体所需的量要少；结合下文“Unlike adults, kids are still growing.”可知，和成人不同的是，孩子们还在生长，由此可知空格处讲述的是孩子的饮食情况，然而孩子们通常不需要以这种方式来节食。
8．选A 根据下文“diets ... can be harmful”以及“These diets can make children sick.”可知，有一些饮食会使孩子们生病。故有的饮食是对孩子有害的。
9．选F 根据下文“They can do plenty of physical activities to keep a proper weight.”可知，孩子们可以做体育运动来保持适当的体重。故本段讲述的是如果孩子们不需要节食，他们如何保持健康的体重。
10．选C 根据下文“It means you don't eat the same thing every day and that you eat a mix of foods from different food groups.”可知，这意味着每天不能只吃同一种食物，而是要吃不同食物组成的混合食物，故孩子们还可以通过均衡的饮食来减肥。
Ⅱ.语法填空
When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the West, __1__ everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes __2__ (place) on the table and everybody shares. If you're being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.
During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests __3__ (show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you don't like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”， with the food __4__ (leave) there. But don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, it's very impolite __5__ the host and seniors who are present at the table.
At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn't turn the fish over by saying “fan”， which is __6__ Chinese word for “turn over”， which is considered bad luck for __7__ (fisherman) and their boats. The __8__ (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true in southern China.
These tips above will be __9__ (extreme) useful when you visit China, an __10__ (east) country with a long history.
1．where 考查定语从句。空处是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词the West，同时在从句中作地点状语。
2．are placed 考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句子讲述的是客观情况，要用一般现在时；主语the dishes与动词place之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。
3．to show 考查非谓语动词。主人上菜给客人，附带有公筷，这是为了表示对客人的礼貌。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。
4．left 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，空处作宾语the food的补足语，并且the food与leave之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词。
5．to 考查介词。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短语，意思是“对某人礼貌/不礼貌”。
6．the 考查冠词。“fan”就是汉字里表示“翻过来”的意思。此处表示特指，故要用定冠词the。
7．fishermen 考查名词的单复数。fisherman为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故空处应用名词的复数形式。
8．separation 考查名词。空处前面有定冠词the修饰，再结合空后的of可知，空处应填名词。
9．extremely 考查副词。空处修饰后面的形容词useful，作状语，要用副词。
10．eastern 考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词country，表示“东方的”，所以要用eastern。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Dear Wang Lin，
I'm sorry to know that you are facing some problems. It's naturally for someone to meet with different kinds of problems when he first studied abroad. The language problem is the first one. But I'm sure you'll soon be able to use the language well, so I know you're a quick learner. Being sure to take every possible chance to practise your oral English, that will do good to you. The second problem is usually the change of eating habit. Not everyone can get accustom to a different diet, so why not to cook meals by yourself Studying abroad is big challenge to you, but it's really interested.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：第二句：naturally→natural; studied→studies
第四句：so→because
第五句：Being→Be; that→which
第六句：habit→habits
第七句：accustom→accustomed; 去掉第二个to
第八句：big前加a; interested→interesting
