Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
(一)基础词汇全面练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There're many _________ (理论) about the origin of life.
2．What _________ (迷惑) me was why they didn't take his advice.
3．_________ (不像) his brother he is talkative and has a sense of humour.
4．If you _________(乘) two and three, you will get six.
5．Smoking is _________ (有害的) to health, but some people cannot get rid of it.
6．The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family friendly _________ (气氛)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. We want to give all children a world free of _________ (violent)．
2．Is there always a conflict between science and _________ (religious)
3．The shortage of water has become a _________ (globe) problem.
4．My relationship with the actors is fundamental _______ my work as a director.
5．Mrs White gave birth _______ a healthy baby in her late thirties.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Don't be too anxious, and you can drink the soup quickly as soon as it _________.
2．The concert _________ the National Anthem (国歌)．
3．As we know, _________ is the ant queen's full time job.
4．All living things _________ the sun for their growth.
5．Boys _________ girls are being taught cookery (烹饪法) in school these days.
(二)重点单词多维练
1．harmful (单句语法填空/一句多译)
(1)As we all know, a bad eating habit is ________ (harm) to one's health.
(2)As far as I'm concerned, there is no ________ (harmful) in making an apology to him first.
(3)众所周知，过量喝酒对你的身体有害。
(3)－①What is known to us is that drinking too much __________________. (harmful)
(3)－②What is known to us is that drinking too much __________________. (harm)
2．exist (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)There _________ a good way to solve the _________ problem at present.(exist)
(2)The old lady became seriously ill last week, and she has only existed ______ milk ever since.
(3)No one knows when such a custom first __________________.
没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。
3．puzzle (单句语法填空/单句写作)
(1)The firemen were puzzled _________ the cause of the fire.
(2)I'm _______ a puzzle as to what to do next.
(3)This is one of the most _________ (puzzle) aspects of the crime.
(4)事实上，所困扰你的事情对于许多中国的父母来说也是一个难题。
_______________________________________________________________
(三)易混短语比较练
1．in time及时；终于；迟早
(1)in time作“终于；迟早”讲时，常单独使用，作状语；作“及时”讲时，后常跟for sth.或to do sth.
(2)time 相关短语荟萃：
from time to time 有时；偶尔
in no time 立刻；马上
at one time 一度；从前
at no time 决不(置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序)
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)Lucky for him, he was just in time _______ the bus.
(2)______________ I grew crazy about skating. However, I fell onto the ground ______________,_but I knew that I would ___________ be skilled if I am lacking in practice.
曾经我对滑冰十分痴迷。然而我却有时摔在冰面上，但是我知道如果缺乏训练我绝对不会熟练。
(3)I jumped into the river ___________.
我立即跳入河中。
2．in one's turn轮到某人；接着
in turn 依次；轮流；转而；反过来
by turns 轮流；交替
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)They took turns _______ (look) after their parents.
(2)It's my turn _______(deliver) a speech in public.
(3)The couple wash dishes _______ turns.
(4)_____________________ (当轮到我时), I was too excited to speak.
(5)People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this _______(反过来) creates more problems.
3．prevent ... from 阻止；制止
(1)stop ... from (doing) sth.... 制止……
keep ... from (doing) sth.... 阻止……
protect ... from/against (doing) sth. ...
保护……免受……伤害
(2)短语prevent/stop ... from ... 中的from可以省略，keep ... from ... 中的from不能省略。但在被动结构中，from均不可省略。
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)No one can prevent this plan from ______________ (carry) out.
(2)Soldiers have been sent to protect the crew _______ attack.
(3)We ____________________________ Professor Li's lecture by the heavy rain yesterday.
昨天大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲。
(四)经典句式仿写练
1．(教材原句)What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到45～38亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成了一个固态的球状物。
[仿写1] 我们得不到的东西似乎比我们已经拥有的东西好。
______________ seems better than what we already have.
[仿写2] 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
In 1492, Columbus reached _____________________.
2．(教材原句)The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
(此后)地球活动变得(越发)剧烈，以致该形状能否保持下去尚不明确。
[仿写1] 还不清楚这次事故是否对环境有影响。
____________________________ the accident has an effect on the environment _______.
whether ... or not ...可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。
[仿写2] 不管结局是否完美，你都不能从我的世界消失。
____________________________,_you can not disappear from my world.
3．(教材原句)This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
[仿写1] 他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。
His decision _____________________________by four o'clock this afternoon.
(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。
(2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即：make＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式短语或从句(宾语补足语由名词或形容词充当)。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think, believe, find, consider, feel等。
[仿写2] 我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
I must ______________ I'll always support you.
(五)课文缩写迁移练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earth was just 1._______ cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”. The earth exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time 2._______ (produce) many things, 3._______ were to make the earth's atmosphere. As the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. It allowed the earth to dissolve 4._______l (harm) gases. Then life began to develop.
The first small plants multiplied 5._______ filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. This encouraged the 6.______________ (develop) of early shellfish and fish. Land animals such 7.as insects, reptiles and dinosaurs and so on appeared after green plants appeared. Small clever animals spread all over the earth. They are putting too 8._______ carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat 9._______ the earth into space. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 10._______ this problem can be solved.
阅读理解
A
Here's a list of some interesting facts about stars; some you might already know, and few that are going to be new.
The sun is the closest star to the earth. The sun is about 150 million kilometers away. Our sun, like most other stars, gives off power and light by nuclear fusion (核聚变), which happens exactly where it's the hottest. The sun is about 4.5 billion years old and it will still last six billion years or so. When it runs out of its fuel (燃料), it would develop into a red star when increasing in size.
Since stars are billions of light years away, it may be hard to recognize that stars are in continuous battles with themselves. All the stars have their own gravitational pull (引力) that pulls them. The surprising part is that the nuclear fusion occurring inside the star truly produces an outward (向外的) push to resist (抵抗) the gravitational force, which keeps its present shape.
Stars have different colors. The hottest stars are surprisingly the smallest ones and are blue in color. Their temperatures go to about 12,000 Kelvin. Although the yellow colored stars are the middle sized ones just like the sun, their temperatures fall to about 6,000 Kelvin. And lastly, the coolest and greatest ones are colored red and the temperatures of them are about 3,000 Kelvin.
When looking at the night sky, we may think that stars are up there alone. But don't be surprised that these heavenly bodies in fact come in pairs. And stars can even come in groups of 3 or even 4!
1.What will happen when the sun runs out of its fuel
A．It will disappear slowly.
B．It will last six billion years.
C．It will become a white star.
D．It will become larger in size.
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．All stars are in a state of balance.
B．It's hard for the stars to keep their shapes.
C．The stars have the same gravitational pull.
D．The stars always stay in peace with one another.
3．What do we know about the color of the star
A．It is blue when it is very cold.
B．It looks red when it is far away.
C．It seems yellow when it is over 3,000 Kelvin.
D．It has something to do with its size and temperature.
4．How do all the stars appear in space in reality
A．They appear only in pairs.
B．They appear without rules.
C．They stay alone here and there.
D．They appear in small groups or in pairs.
B
It seems we can't get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASA's money is spent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with the USA's decision to send a man to Mars in 2037. We've seen all there is to see on Earth, right Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea.
Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 km — still less than the average depth of the ocean — there's a good chance that you'll discover a new species. The deepest diving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes.
Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet.
In the late 1990s, deep water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4,000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised Don't be. The ocean covers 70% of the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.
One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than humans. They're absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they can't look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy.
Perhaps now it's time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction (科幻小说). The adventure of the deep sea is science fact.
5．What do we know about the Challenger Deep
A．Blue whales live there.
B．No one has ever been there.
C．People are terrified by the sight of it.
D．It is the deepest known location on Earth.
6．What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean
A．It's surprising. B．It's no wonder.
C．It's worrying. D．It's no success.
7．Why do we need to explore the sea
A．Sea exploration is cheaper than ever before.
B．We have explored less than 5% of the sea.
C．It will help improve our future life.
D．It will benefit space exploration.
8．What does the author want to tell us
A．Space exploration is of little value.
B．We spend too much money on space travel.
C．Humans' success lies in how much they explore the sea.
D．The ocean is the place where we should make our efforts.Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
(一)基础词汇全面练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There're many theories (理论) about the origin of life.
2．What puzzled (迷惑) me was why they didn't take his advice.
3．Unlike (不像) his brother he is talkative and has a sense of humour.
4．If you multiply_(乘) two and three, you will get six.
5．Smoking is harmful (有害的) to health, but some people cannot get rid of it.
6．The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family friendly atmosphere (气氛)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. We want to give all children a world free of violence (violent)．
2．Is there always a conflict between science and religion (religious)
3．The shortage of water has become a global (globe) problem.
4．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.
5．Mrs White gave birth to a healthy baby in her late thirties.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Don't be too anxious, and you can drink the soup quickly as soon as it cools_down.
2．The concert began_with the National Anthem (国歌)．
3．As we know, laying_eggs is the ant queen's full time job.
4．All living things depend_on the sun for their growth.
5．Boys as_well_as girls are being taught cookery (烹饪法) in school these days.
(二)重点单词多维练
1．harmful (单句语法填空/一句多译)
(1)As we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.
(2)As far as I'm concerned, there is no harm (harmful) in making an apology to him first.
(3)众所周知，过量喝酒对你的身体有害。
(3)－①What is known to us is that drinking too much is_harmful_to_your_health. (harmful)
(3)－②What is known to us is that drinking too much does_harm_to_your_health. (harm)
2．exist (单句语法填空/补全句子)
(1)There exists a good way to solve the existing problem at present.(exist)
(2)The old lady became seriously ill last week, and she has only existed on milk ever since.
(3)No one knows when such a custom first came_into_existence.
没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。
3．puzzle (单句语法填空/单句写作)
(1)The firemen were puzzled about/over the cause of the fire.
(2)I'm in a puzzle as to what to do next.
(3)This is one of the most puzzling (puzzle) aspects of the crime.
(4)事实上，所困扰你的事情对于许多中国的父母来说也是一个难题。
What_puzzles_you_is_actually_a_puzzle_to_many_parents_in_China.
(三)易混短语比较练
1．in time及时；终于；迟早
(1)in time作“终于；迟早”讲时，常单独使用，作状语；作“及时”讲时，后常跟for sth.或to do sth.
(2)time 相关短语荟萃：
from time to time 有时；偶尔
in no time 立刻；马上
at one time 一度；从前
at no time 决不(置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序)
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)Lucky for him, he was just in time for the bus.
(2)At_one_time I grew crazy about skating. However, I fell onto the ground from_time_to_time,_but I knew that I would at_no_time be skilled if I am lacking in practice.
曾经我对滑冰十分痴迷。然而我却有时摔在冰面上，但是我知道如果缺乏训练我绝对不会熟练。
(3)I jumped into the river in_no_time.
我立即跳入河中。
2．in one's turn轮到某人；接着
in turn 依次；轮流；转而；反过来
by turns 轮流；交替
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)They took turns to_look (look) after their parents.
(2)It's my turn to_deliver_(deliver) a speech in public.
(3)The couple wash dishes by turns.
(4)When_it_was_in_my_turn (当轮到我时), I was too excited to speak.
(5)People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in_turn (反过来) creates more problems.
3．prevent ... from 阻止；制止
(1)stop ... from (doing) sth.... 制止……
keep ... from (doing) sth.... 阻止……
protect ... from/against (doing) sth. ...
保护……免受……伤害
(2)短语prevent/stop ... from ... 中的from可以省略，keep ... from ... 中的from不能省略。但在被动结构中，from均不可省略。
单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)No one can prevent this plan from being_carried (carry) out.
(2)Soldiers have been sent to protect the crew against/from attack.
(3)We were_prevented/stopped/kept_from_attending Professor Li's lecture by the heavy rain yesterday.
昨天大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲。
(四)经典句式仿写练
1．(教材原句)What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到45～38亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成了一个固态的球状物。
[仿写1] 我们得不到的东西似乎比我们已经拥有的东西好。
What_we_can't_get seems better than what we already have.
[仿写2] 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
In 1492, Columbus reached what_is_now_called_America.
2．(教材原句)The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
(此后)地球活动变得(越发)剧烈，以致该形状能否保持下去尚不明确。
[仿写1] 还不清楚这次事故是否对环境有影响。
It_is_not_clear_whether the accident has an effect on the environment or_not.
whether ... or not ...可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。
[仿写2] 不管结局是否完美，你都不能从我的世界消失。
Whether_the_ending_is_perfect_or_not,_you can not disappear from my world.
3．(教材原句)This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
[仿写1] 他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。
His decision made_it_possible_for_us_to_finish_the_work_by four o'clock this afternoon.
(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。
(2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即：make＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式短语或从句(宾语补足语由名词或形容词充当)。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think, believe, find, consider, feel等。
[仿写2] 我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
I must make_it_clear_that I'll always support you.
(五)课文缩写迁移练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earth was just 1.a cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”. The earth exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time 2.to_produce (produce) many things, 3.which were to make the earth's atmosphere. As the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.harmful (harm) gases. Then life began to develop.
The first small plants multiplied 5.and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. This encouraged the 6.development (develop) of early shellfish and fish. Land animals such 7.as insects, reptiles and dinosaurs and so on appeared after green plants appeared. Small clever animals spread all over the earth. They are putting too 8.much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat 9.from the earth into space. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 10.whether this problem can be solved.
阅读理解
A
Here's a list of some interesting facts about stars; some you might already know, and few that are going to be new.
The sun is the closest star to the earth. The sun is about 150 million kilometers away. Our sun, like most other stars, gives off power and light by nuclear fusion (核聚变), which happens exactly where it's the hottest. The sun is about 4.5 billion years old and it will still last six billion years or so. When it runs out of its fuel (燃料), it would develop into a red star when increasing in size.
Since stars are billions of light years away, it may be hard to recognize that stars are in continuous battles with themselves. All the stars have their own gravitational pull (引力) that pulls them. The surprising part is that the nuclear fusion occurring inside the star truly produces an outward (向外的) push to resist (抵抗) the gravitational force, which keeps its present shape.
Stars have different colors. The hottest stars are surprisingly the smallest ones and are blue in color. Their temperatures go to about 12,000 Kelvin. Although the yellow colored stars are the middle sized ones just like the sun, their temperatures fall to about 6,000 Kelvin. And lastly, the coolest and greatest ones are colored red and the temperatures of them are about 3,000 Kelvin.
When looking at the night sky, we may think that stars are up there alone. But don't be surprised that these heavenly bodies in fact come in pairs. And stars can even come in groups of 3 or even 4!
1.What will happen when the sun runs out of its fuel
A．It will disappear slowly.
B．It will last six billion years.
C．It will become a white star.
D．It will become larger in size.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“When it runs out of its fuel (燃料), it would develop into a red star when increasing in size.”可知，当太阳用完了它的能量，它就变成了红色的星球，体积增大了。
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．All stars are in a state of balance.
B．It's hard for the stars to keep their shapes.
C．The stars have the same gravitational pull.
D．The stars always stay in peace with one another.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The surprising part is that the nuclear fusion occurring inside the star truly produces an outward (向外的) push to resist (抵抗) the gravitational force, which keeps its present shape.”可知，星球都处于一种自身的平衡中。
3．What do we know about the color of the star
A．It is blue when it is very cold.
B．It looks red when it is far away.
C．It seems yellow when it is over 3,000 Kelvin.
D．It has something to do with its size and temperature.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，星星的颜色与它的大小和温度有关。
4．How do all the stars appear in space in reality
A．They appear only in pairs.
B．They appear without rules.
C．They stay alone here and there.
D．They appear in small groups or in pairs.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，星星在太空中不是孤立地出现，而是以双子星的形式出现，有时候星星是以三个或四个一组的形式出现。
B
It seems we can't get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASA's money is spent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with the USA's decision to send a man to Mars in 2037. We've seen all there is to see on Earth, right Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea.
Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 km — still less than the average depth of the ocean — there's a good chance that you'll discover a new species. The deepest diving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes.
Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet.
In the late 1990s, deep water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4,000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised Don't be. The ocean covers 70% of the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.
One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than humans. They're absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they can't look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy.
Perhaps now it's time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction (科幻小说). The adventure of the deep sea is science fact.
5．What do we know about the Challenger Deep
A．Blue whales live there.
B．No one has ever been there.
C．People are terrified by the sight of it.
D．It is the deepest known location on Earth.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean”可知，挑战号深渊是地球上目前已知的最深的海底。
6．What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean
A．It's surprising. B．It's no wonder.
C．It's worrying. D．It's no success.
解析：选B 观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Surprised Don't be. The ocean covers 70% of the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.”可知，作者认为南冰洋中可能存在比蓝鲸更大生物的发现不足为奇。
7．Why do we need to explore the sea
A．Sea exploration is cheaper than ever before.
B．We have explored less than 5% of the sea.
C．It will help improve our future life.
D．It will benefit space exploration.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy”可知，海洋探索将造福人类。
8．What does the author want to tell us
A．Space exploration is of little value.
B．We spend too much money on space travel.
C．Humans' success lies in how much they explore the sea.
D．The ocean is the place where we should make our efforts.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。作者在文章第一段就点出自己的观点：“The final place is here, under the surface of the sea.”，并在接下来的段落中具体论述海洋探索的重大意义。由此可知，D项概括了文章主旨。
