人教版（2019）选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid单元复习练习（有答案详解）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修二Unit 5 First Aid单元复习练习（有答案详解） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-01-31 23:03:18 | ||
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高二英语选择性必修二Unit 5单元复习练习
一、阅读理解：
A
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers. They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never toy with these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID．Close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
· If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking, contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
1．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals
A．To provide part-time jobs for students.
B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
2．In a fire drill, the students should .
A．rush quickly to a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit
C．shut the door and leave at once
D．wait for instructions in the hall
3．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should.
A．contact the hall staff regularly
B．cover the things that burn easily
C．start the smoke detector in a fire
D．make certain the red light is working
B
I picked up my two best friends and we were off on a road trip. I had just returned to America from a year abroad in China. So, naturally I wanted to take a trip to Canada.
Montreal, the second largest city in Canada, is a four-hour drive from my home in New Hampshire. We felt a thrill as we crossed the border into Canada. It was the first time I had ever driven across an international border. We turned on the radio to try and find some Canadian stations.
After dropping off our bags at our hotel, we were immediately walking down the famous St Catherine’s Street. While we walked, two things surprised us: how cold it was and how well everyone dressed. The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show. Both men and women look like they stepped out of the pages of a magazine.
All of that fashion has to keep them warm since Montreal is so cold. Last year it broke the record for the most snowfall in North America. To hide from the cold we went into a small diner because we wanted to order Poutine, a very popular snack in Montreal. It is French fries covered in cheese and brown gravy (肉汁). It is delicious.
However, we had a hard time ordering the dish since the official language of Montreal is French. It is actually the fifth largest French-speaking city in the world. But since the rest of Canada speak English, plenty of people were there to help.
We spent the rest of the weekend going to many historical churches and monuments in Montreal. But at night we’d head to the very modern dance clubs and bars. Montreal is a city that sits between the past and the future and the traveller can choose whichever direction he wants to go.
4．How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A．The men and women are really the fashion models of a magazine.
B．The portraits of the men and women are printed in the magazine.
C．They are so well dressed that they look like models in a magazine.
D．The men and women like to copy characters in magazines.
5．Which of the following can NOT be concluded from Paragraphs 3、4
A．The author and his friends couldn’t wait to explore the city.
B．The author wasn’t used to the weather of Montreal.
C．The citizens from Montreal care much about what they wear.
D．Montreal often holds fashion shows.
6．What can we infer from the passage
A．The author often went to China for a visit.
B．The people they met in the diner were kind and helpful.
C．All the people in the diner were locals.
D．The author went to Montreal on business.
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The author listened to Canadian radio programmes and chose their first stop as advised.
B．The author took a trip to Montreal — the third largest city in Canada.
C．Montreal broke the record for the most snowfall in the world last year.
D．Montreal is a city which is both traditional and modern.
C
In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless.While people are annoyed by it，experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.
One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones，usually river rocks，to massage certain parts of the body，or place them on key points of the body.The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles，while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the body's toxins.
Another popular option is hotstone baths.The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.Summer is the best season to build a good body.Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body，people simply wear a coat or something comfortable，and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones，which are warmed to around 45℃.The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved.More sweat will come out quickly.The sweat is smooth and fresh，not smelly like that released after sports activities.Such baths bring a number of health benefits，such as antiaging，improved blood circulation and stress relief.The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.
Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times，but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson，a native of Tucson，Arizona，America，whose trademark is “LaStone Therapy”.
The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people，especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.
8．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．The origin and development of the hotstone therapy
B．The amazing functions of the hotstone therapy
C．A healthy and comfortable lifestyle
D．How to live comfortably in summer
9．What do people use to release toxins in our body according to the text
A．Washing the body with cold water.
B．Discharging lots of sweat.
C．Relaxing muscles.
D．Lying on the warm beds.
10．What can we know from the text
A．Sports have greater effects on the health than hotstone massage.
B．There are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.
C．Using water of about 45℃ to wash the body is good for the health.
D．People should take advantage of summer to improve their health.
11．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy
A．It was invented by Mary Nelson，an American.
B．It successfully cured many people of cancer.
C．It is popular with people with its excellent effects.
D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.
D
In a recent study, researchers have suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation. Meanwhile, scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller. Prof Steve Brusatte, a paleontologist(古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested that the way in which other mammals(哺乳动物) have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future.
Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “Why do they become smaller It is not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than bigger animals and can thus better release extra heat,” he writes. “It is a common way that mammals deal with climate change”.
He added: “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures change pretty quickly. That does raise the question: if so, might humans get smaller And I think that certainly makes sense.”
Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said it is commonly believed that the strong relations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.”
12. What does the recent research find according to Paragraph 1
A. Climate change may cause humans to shrink in size.
B. Human being can’t deal with global climate change.
C. Temperature is the decisive element in human growth.
D. Mankind’s future is similar to that of ancient mammals
13. What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A. Principles about Bergmann’s rule.
B .Reasons for animals’ smaller size.
C. Ways to deal with climate change.
D. Decline of mammals in number.
14. How does Adrian Lister feel about the recent study
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Lengthy. D. Pointless.
15. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A job interview. B. A public speech.
C. A science journal. D. A course Book.
二、短文七选五：
Reasons why you should learn first aid
A first-aid course only takes a matter of hours to complete but supplies you with all of the knowledge you require to handle an emergency. 1 . Actually, there are more benefits if you take crucial (关键的) first-aid practices.
2 . Just imagine for a second that somebody was in a life-threatening condition and your quick actions saved their lives. What a great feeling to wake up to! Remembering that you have prolonged someone’s life and allowed them to spend many more happy years with their loved ones.
Having the ability to help family and friends in need. When a member of your family or a friend injures himself or herself, there’s nothing worse than feeling helpless. In your first-aid training, you can learn how to treat a variety of medical conditions and injuries. This means that when someone is in need, you will know exactly what to do. 3 .
Earning the respect of your fellow colleagues. 4 . They will most certainly be grateful for all of your help, because you have provided the correct treatment at an early stage and they can recover quickly. This will reduce the number of days they are absent.
Gaining new responsibilities. Your role as a first-aider is very important especially in high-risk working environments where employees are operating heavy machines or working at a great height. 5 . More importantly, your skills will be highly valued to prevent potential accidents.
A. But that’s not all
B. Getting more confidence
C. You will be the go-to person in times of need
D. Having the pride you will feel if you help save someone
E. We all know that accidents happen, but we cannot predict the future
F. Your knowledge of first aid will increase their chance of making a quick recovery
G. Stepping in to help your colleagues will have a greater effect than you might expect
三、 完形填空
Teaching your children healthy eating is important so they have a good relationship with food. Children who 1 too much of the wrong types of foods are at 2 risk of health conditions like fatness, heart disease and cancer. With all the ads for junk food, it can be hard to keep your child eating healthily. 3 , there are ways you can employ to 4 children achieve this goal.
Serve your child mainly 5 snacks, such as fruit and vegetables or wholegrain biscuits and cheese. Keep healthy snacks accessible by placing them on low shelves in the fridge so your children can 6 them when hungry.
If you don't 7 your child to eat a particular food, keep it out of the house. She/He can't eat food that isn't 8 . Make less unhealthy food—something you eat 9 .This will limit the 10 of junk food your child can eat.
Don't use junk food as a trading tool. 11 children with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier foods 12 makes this food more appealing and healthier foods less attractive, so 13 non-food rewards.
Children learn by 14 what you do. In my opinion, if you don't want your child to eat too much junk food, model healthy eating and 15 eating a lot of junk food yourself. Allow children to help pick out new, healthy foods for snacks.
1. A. eat B. waste C. have D. make
2. A. lower B. better C. higher D. bigger
3. A. Therefore B. However C. Formally D. Finally
4. A. order B. see C. help D. protect
5. A. unhealthy B. simple C. poor D. healthy
6. A. cook B. reach C. arrive D. afford
7. A. hope B. want C. advise D. promise
8. A. here B. there C. over D. out
9. A. immediately B. always C. honestly D. rarely
10. A. quality B. character C. amount D. shape
11. A. Providing B. Rewarding C. Sharing D. Filling
12. A. only B. also C. even D. ever
13. A. choose B. buy C. exchange D. demand
14. A. remembering B. delaying C. watching D. imagining
15. A. prevent B. keep C. avoid D. ban
四、语法填空：
CPR is an effective form of first aid 1. (give) to the victim whose heart suddenly stops.
Doing it can increase the chance of the victim’s 2. (survive).So knowing CPR can be a real lifesaver.
How to give CPR There are 3. (simple) three steps. Firstly, roll the victim over onto his back and do the chest compression(按压).4. this way, it keeps blood flowing to the brain, heart and other organs. To perform the compression, place one hand over 5. other and press firmly on the victim’s chest many times in a row,6. (push) at least 2 inches deep on every compression. Then after the compression 7. (complete),check the airway 8. (see) whether the person is breathing. If not, perform mouth-to-mouth,9. helps to deliver oxygen to the victim’s lungs. And the chest compression should start again right after two breaths are given.
Learn CPR, for you never know when you might need 10. .And it feels good to know that you could help in an emergency.
五、写作：
1、今年的5月1日—3日你和班级同学参加了一次野外生存训练 (wildness survival program)。请根据下表提供的信息,用英语写一篇短文来描述一下这次活动并谈谈自己的感受。
时间 5月1日—3日
活动 1.携带物品:指南针、帐篷、手电筒、地图、急救包、火柴、食品和衣物等。 2.途中翻过三座山,经过了两个小山村。在穿越森林时迷了路,最后靠指南针找到了正确的方向。 3.在营地,支起帐篷,自己生火、做饭。 4.学习紧急救护。
你的感受 ……
注意:
1.文章必须包括以上要点,但不能逐字翻译,行文要流畅,可增加细节使句子连贯;
2.词数80左右;
3.参考词汇:指南针compass;手电筒 flashlight;急救包first-aid kit;宿营地campsite。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It's always heartbreaking when a close family member passes. Sharing the final moments with a person we love can be a small relief in a truly difficult situation.
This story was first told on an airline customer service website. As you may know, airlines compete with each other to see who has the best on-time departure record, and airline employees are evaluated based on their ability to keep a schedule.
When Kerry Drake got on his United Airlines flight, the mother who he was going to see was facing her final hours. To add an extra layer of extreme sadness, Drake knew that if he missed his connecting flight, he wouldn't get to the hospital in time to say goodbye to his mother.
On that very morning, Drake got the news that his mother, who had been ill for years and had been especially sick over the last four months, was dying.
To get to his mother in Lubbock, Texas, the San Francisco resident booked a United Airlines flight, with only 40 minutes between connecting flights in Houston. After his first flight got delayed, Drake thought he would miss his connecting flight to Lubbock, the last one of the day. He started crying on the plane, obviously upset and worried. The flight attendants (空乘人员) soon noticed his state and quickly found out what was wrong. They brought tissues for his tears, said they would do what they could to help, and most importantly, got his connecting flight information to the captain.
Within minutes, Drake's problem was received and passed on to the captain, who radioed ahead about this situation to Drake's next flight. The Lubbock crew (机组人员) responded by delaying the flight's departure to make sure he got on the plane.
When he got off the airport train and was running toward the gate, about 20 meters away, Drake heard the gate attendant say, “Mr. Drake, we've been expecting you.” Until that point, Drake had been rushing to make the flight.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Finally, Drake sat on that second airplane.
He made it to the hospital in time to see his mother.
参考答案：
一、阅读理解：
A 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些防火信息，包括火灾警报、防火演练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的注意事项。
1．根据第一段中的“They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers.(他们检查校园里的所有建筑物，并维护所有的自动喷水灭火系统、火警警报器以及灭火器)”可知，防火专业人员的主要职责是检查和保养防火设备。故选C。
2．根据Fire Drills部分中的“Take your room key and ID. Close and lock the door to your room. Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift.(带上你的房间钥匙和身份证。关好房间的门并锁上。立即从最近的紧急出口离开，不要使用电梯)”可知，在防火演练中，学生们应该关上房门迅速离开。故选C。
3．根据 Smoke Detector部分中的“If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on.(如果烟雾探测器正常工作，红灯应该是亮的)”可推知，为了保证烟雾探测器的安全运行，必须确保红灯能正常亮起。故选D。
B 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在加拿大蒙特利尔的经历。那里寒冷的天气、人们入时的服装、美食、著名历史景点等都给作者留下了深刻的印象。
4．根据该段中的“how well everyone dressed. The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show.”（每个人的穿着多么得体。蒙特利尔的街道就像一场时装表演。）可知，在作者看来，走在蒙特利尔街上的人就像在进行时装表演一样。由此可知，划线句子的意思是：蒙特利尔的人穿着时尚，像杂志里的模特。故选C。
5．根据第三段第一句话中的“. . . we were immediately walking. . . ”可知作者和他的朋友迫不及待地想参观蒙特利尔。根据第四段中的“To hide from the cold. . . ”可以推知作者并不适应那里的寒冷。根据第三段最后两句“The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show. Both men and women look like they stepped out of the pages of a magazine.”可知蒙特利尔的人们非常注重着装。D项“蒙特利尔常常举行时尚表演”文中未提及，故选D。
6．根据第五段中“But since the rest of Canada speak English，plenty of people were there to help. ”（但由于加拿大其他地方的人都说英语，所以有很多人在那里帮忙。）可推知作者及朋友在餐馆碰到的人非常友好且乐于助人。故选B。
7．根据文章最后一段中的“Montreal is a city that sits between the past and the future. . . ”(蒙特利尔是一个介于过去和未来之间的城市，游客可以选择自己想去的方向。)可知，蒙特利尔既有往昔的风采，也有现代的气息。故选D。
C 这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了热石疗法的对人们身体健康的益处。
8．根据第二段“One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). ”（一个受欢迎的选择是热石按摩）可知这是这段的主题句。以及第三段的“Another popular option is hotstone baths.”（另一个受欢迎的选择就是热石洗浴）可知这是这段的主题句。再根据最后一段“The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（热石疗法可以帮助治疗许多疾病，包括背部疼痛。）可知整篇文章都是围绕热石疗法的好处来展开的。所以这篇文章最好的标题可能是热石疗法的神奇功能。故选B。
9．根据第三段“The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.”（热石浴有助于人体排出去年冬天积累的毒素和湿气。）可知人们通过排出大量的汗水来释放体内的毒素。故选B。
10．根据文章第一段“While people are annoyed by it，experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.”（虽然人们对此感到恼火，但专家建议，夏天是排出体内毒素、恢复精力的最佳季节。）可知通过这篇文章我们可以知道人们应该利用夏天来增进健康。故选D。
11．根据最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people，especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（这种疗法在很多人中越来越受欢迎，尤其是那些在冷气房工作的人。热石疗法可以帮助治愈许多疾病，包括背痛。）可知关于热石疗法我们可以了解到它以其良好的效果受到人们的欢迎。故选C。
D 这是一篇说明文。介绍了关于气候变化是否影响身体大小的研究。
12 第一段主要描述温度与身材大小的关系，根据段中的“ Meanwhile, scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller. (同时，研究马鹿的科学家们表示，北欧和斯堪的纳维亚地区的冬季变暖可能导致这些动物的体型变小) ”以及后文的相关信息可知，该研究的主要结论是气候变化影响身材大小，且有可能会让身体变小，所以A项“气候变化可能会导致人类身材变小”符合题意。故答案为A。
13 根据第二段内容，特别是“Why do they become smaller It is not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than bigger animals and can thus better release extra heat(为什么它们变小了？还不完全清楚为什么，但部分原因可能是与体积较大的动物相比，较小的动物具有更高的表面积，因此可以更好地释放额外的热量)”可知，本段主要解释气候变化可能会导致人类身材变小的原因。故答案为B。
14 从最后一段“If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. (如果真的发生这种情况，你就会发现大量的人因为气候变暖而在生育之前死亡。这在当今世界是不可能的)”可知，他并不赞同上述研究的观点，对此表示怀疑。A. Supportive支持的；B. Doubtful怀疑的；C. Lengthy 冗长的；D. Pointless 无意义的，无目标的。故答案为B。
15 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于气候变化是否影响身体大小的科学研究，从文中的相关描述及文体可知其出处最有可能为：科学期刊（杂志）。故答案为C。
二、短文七选五：
本文是一篇说明文。作者在文章中说明了几点我们应该学习急救知识的原因。
1.根据空前句子说明当你处理紧急情况时, 急救课程能够提供给你所需要的全部知识, 这是在说明急救课程的益处。结合空后句子说明如果你采取了关键的急救措施, 还会给你带来更多益处。分析前后句关系, 后句是对前句急救带来益处的补充说明, A项“但那并不是全部”切题, 能够起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
2.分析文章结构可知, 空处为段落主旨句, 根据第二段最后可知, 延长某人的生命是一种非常棒的感觉。D选项“如果你拯救了某人的生命, 你会感觉到自豪。”切题, 能够概括本段内容。故选D。
3.根据空前句可知, 如果你参加了急救训练, 就意味着当有人需要帮助时, 你会准确的知道要做什么。F选项“你的急救知识会增加他们快速康复的机会”切题, 能够承接上文。故选F。
4.本段主旨句为“Earning the respect of your fellow colleagues. ”, G选项“帮助你的同事给你带来的影响比你所能想象的更大”切题, 符合本段主题, 选项中的colleagues与主旨句中的colleagues相呼应。故选G。
5.根据空前句说作为一名急救员, 你的角色非常重要。空后句说你的急救能力在预防潜在事故方面被高度重视。C选项“在有需要的时候, 你将成为不可或缺的人”切题, 能够进一步说明你的急救员角色的重要性。故选C。
三、 完形填空
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养孩子健康饮食的原因和方法。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃太多错误种类食物的儿童患肥胖、心脏病和癌症等健康问题的风险更高。A. eat吃；B. waste浪费；C. have拥有；D. make制造。根据上文“Teaching your children healthy eating is important so they have a good relationship with food.”及下文可知，文章主题与孩子的吃有关。故选A项。
2. 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：吃太多错误种类食物的儿童患肥胖、心脏病和癌症等健康问题的风险更高。A. lower更低；B. better更好；C. higher更高；D. bigger更大。根据前文“too much of the wrong types of foods”和后文“health conditions like fatness, heart disease and cancer”可知，此处指高风险。故选C项。
3. 考查连接副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你可以采用一些方法来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Formally正式地；D. Finally最后。后文“there are ways you can employ....achieve this goal.”和前文“With all the ads for junk food, it can be hard to keep your child eating healthily.”之间存在转折关系。故选B项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，你可以采用一些方法来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。A. order命令；B. see看见；C. help帮助；D. protect保护。根据下文所提出的方法可知，这些方法能够帮助孩子们实现这个目标，方法起“帮助”的作用。故选C项。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给孩子提供健康的零食，比如水果和蔬菜或全麦饼干和奶酪。A. unhealthy不健康的；B. simple简单的；C. poor贫穷的；D. healthy健康的。根据后文“such as fruit and vegetables or wholegrain biscuits and cheese”可知，所列举的食物都是健康的零食。故选D项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把健康的零食放在冰箱较低的架子上，这样你的孩子饿的时候也能拿得到。A. cook烹饪；B. reach到达，（伸手）够到；C. arrive到达；D. afford付得起。根据前文“Keep healthy snacks accessible by placing them on low shelves in the fridge”可知，此处reach表示“伸出（手）够到”之意，符合句意。故选B项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不想让你的孩子吃某种特定的食物，让它远离屋子。A. hope希望；B. want想要；C. advise建议；D. promise承诺。根据后文“keep it out of the house.”可知，是不想让孩子吃某种特定的食物。故选B项。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她/他不能吃不在那里的食物。A. here这里；B. there那里；C. over结束；D. out在外。根据前文“keep it out of the house”可知，这里指不在屋子里的食物，所以用副词there。故选B项。
9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：少吃不健康的食物——你很少吃的东西。A. immediately立刻；B. always总是；C. honestly诚实地；D. rarely很少。根据前文“Make less unhealthy food—something you eat”和后文“This will limit ... junk food your child can eat.”可知，父母很少吃的东西，孩子也会少吃。故选D项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将限制你的孩子可以吃的垃圾食品的数量。A. quality质量；B. character品质；C. amount数量；D. shape形状。根据前文“Make less unhealthy food—something you ...”可知，少做不健康的食物，孩子吃的垃圾食品的数量就会减少。故选C项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用垃圾食品来奖励孩子，或者用垃圾食品来取悦孩子，让他们吃更健康的食物，只会让这些食物更有吸引力，而更健康的食物没有吸引力，所以选择非食物的奖励。A. Providing提供；B. Rewarding奖励；C. Sharing分享；D. Filling填充。根据前文“Don't use junk food as a trading tool.”可知，这里指把垃圾食品当作交易工具，用来“奖励”孩子，其它选项如“提供；分享；填充”均不符合句意。故选B项。
12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：用垃圾食品来奖励孩子，或者用垃圾食品来取悦孩子，让他们吃更健康的食物，只会让这些食物更有吸引力，而更健康的食物没有吸引力，所以选择非食物的奖励。A. only仅仅；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. ever曾经。根据前文“...with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier foods”可知，这样不明智的做法只会带来不好的后果。故选A项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用垃圾食品来奖励孩子，或者用垃圾食品来取悦孩子，让他们吃更健康的食物，只会让这些食物更有吸引力，而更健康的食物没有吸引力，所以选择非食物的奖励。A. choose选择；B. buy买；C. exchange交换；D. demand需要。根据前文“Don't use junk food as a trading tool.... with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier .... this food more appealing and healthier foods less attractive,”可知，用垃圾食品奖励和取悦孩子的结果并不好，所以家长要选择非食物的奖励。故选A项。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们通过观察你做什么来学习。在我看来，如果你不想让你的孩子吃太多垃圾食品，那就养成健康饮食的习惯，避免自己吃太多垃圾食品。A. remembering记住；B. delaying拖延；C. watching观看；D. imagining想象。根据常识和前文“learn by”可知，孩子往往会观察和模仿（学习）父母的行为。故选C项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们通过观察你做什么来学习。在我看来，如果你不想让你的孩子吃太多垃圾食品，那就养成健康饮食的习惯，避免自己吃太多垃圾食品。A. prevent防止；B. keep保持；C. avoid避免；D. ban禁止。根据前文“Children learn ...you do. In my opinion, if you don't want your child to eat too much junk food,”可知，孩子会学习父母的行为，要想不让孩子吃太多垃圾食品，自己就要避免吃太多垃圾食品。故选C项。
四、语法填空：
本文是一篇关于如何实施CPR(心肺复苏)的科普文章。
1.given 考查过去分词。该句有系动词is,故设空处应使用非谓语动词,give与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词given,此处相当于定语从句which is given to the victim...。句意:心肺复苏是一种对心脏突然停止跳动的患者进行急救的有效方式。
2.survival 考查名词。句意:实施心肺复苏可以增加患者存活的希望。根据the victim’s可知此处应使用名词survival。
3.simply 考查副词。设空处修饰系动词are,应使用副词,故用simply。
4.In 考查介词。In this way为固定短语,意为“用这种方式”。句意:用这种方式,它可以使血液流向大脑、心脏和其他器官。
5.the 考查冠词。人共有两只手,一只用one,两个中的另一个则用the other。故用定冠词the。句意:进行按压时,将一只手放在另一只手上,连续多次用力按压患者的胸部,每次按压至少按下2英寸深。
6.pushing 考查现在分词。该句已有谓语动词,故此处应用非谓语动词形式,又因push与谓语动词表示的动作几乎同时发生,且与逻辑主语即省略的you构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词pushing,作伴随状语,相当于and push。
7.iscompleted/has been completed 考查动词的时态和语态。after引导时间状语从句,从句中缺少谓语,根据语境可知,应用一般现在时。且complete与主语compression构成被动关系,故使用一般现在时的被动语态is completed。又因该动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前,故也可以使用has been completed。
8.tosee 考查动词不定式。该句谓语动词为check,故此处使用非谓语动词形式,根据下文“看看这个人是否在呼吸”,表目的,故使用不定式to see作目的状语。
9.which 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词指物,故应使用which。句意:如果没有呼吸,就进行口对口人工呼吸,这有助于将氧气输送到患者的肺部。
10.it 考查代词。need后缺少宾语,根据句意可知,此处指的是心肺复苏,为避免重复,使用it来代替。句意:学习心肺复苏,因为你永远不知道什么时候你可能会用到它。
一、阅读理解：
A
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers. They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never toy with these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID．Close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
· If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking, contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
1．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals
A．To provide part-time jobs for students.
B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
2．In a fire drill, the students should .
A．rush quickly to a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit
C．shut the door and leave at once
D．wait for instructions in the hall
3．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should.
A．contact the hall staff regularly
B．cover the things that burn easily
C．start the smoke detector in a fire
D．make certain the red light is working
B
I picked up my two best friends and we were off on a road trip. I had just returned to America from a year abroad in China. So, naturally I wanted to take a trip to Canada.
Montreal, the second largest city in Canada, is a four-hour drive from my home in New Hampshire. We felt a thrill as we crossed the border into Canada. It was the first time I had ever driven across an international border. We turned on the radio to try and find some Canadian stations.
After dropping off our bags at our hotel, we were immediately walking down the famous St Catherine’s Street. While we walked, two things surprised us: how cold it was and how well everyone dressed. The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show. Both men and women look like they stepped out of the pages of a magazine.
All of that fashion has to keep them warm since Montreal is so cold. Last year it broke the record for the most snowfall in North America. To hide from the cold we went into a small diner because we wanted to order Poutine, a very popular snack in Montreal. It is French fries covered in cheese and brown gravy (肉汁). It is delicious.
However, we had a hard time ordering the dish since the official language of Montreal is French. It is actually the fifth largest French-speaking city in the world. But since the rest of Canada speak English, plenty of people were there to help.
We spent the rest of the weekend going to many historical churches and monuments in Montreal. But at night we’d head to the very modern dance clubs and bars. Montreal is a city that sits between the past and the future and the traveller can choose whichever direction he wants to go.
4．How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A．The men and women are really the fashion models of a magazine.
B．The portraits of the men and women are printed in the magazine.
C．They are so well dressed that they look like models in a magazine.
D．The men and women like to copy characters in magazines.
5．Which of the following can NOT be concluded from Paragraphs 3、4
A．The author and his friends couldn’t wait to explore the city.
B．The author wasn’t used to the weather of Montreal.
C．The citizens from Montreal care much about what they wear.
D．Montreal often holds fashion shows.
6．What can we infer from the passage
A．The author often went to China for a visit.
B．The people they met in the diner were kind and helpful.
C．All the people in the diner were locals.
D．The author went to Montreal on business.
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The author listened to Canadian radio programmes and chose their first stop as advised.
B．The author took a trip to Montreal — the third largest city in Canada.
C．Montreal broke the record for the most snowfall in the world last year.
D．Montreal is a city which is both traditional and modern.
C
In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless.While people are annoyed by it，experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.
One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones，usually river rocks，to massage certain parts of the body，or place them on key points of the body.The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles，while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the body's toxins.
Another popular option is hotstone baths.The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.Summer is the best season to build a good body.Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body，people simply wear a coat or something comfortable，and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones，which are warmed to around 45℃.The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved.More sweat will come out quickly.The sweat is smooth and fresh，not smelly like that released after sports activities.Such baths bring a number of health benefits，such as antiaging，improved blood circulation and stress relief.The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.
Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times，but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson，a native of Tucson，Arizona，America，whose trademark is “LaStone Therapy”.
The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people，especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.
8．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．The origin and development of the hotstone therapy
B．The amazing functions of the hotstone therapy
C．A healthy and comfortable lifestyle
D．How to live comfortably in summer
9．What do people use to release toxins in our body according to the text
A．Washing the body with cold water.
B．Discharging lots of sweat.
C．Relaxing muscles.
D．Lying on the warm beds.
10．What can we know from the text
A．Sports have greater effects on the health than hotstone massage.
B．There are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.
C．Using water of about 45℃ to wash the body is good for the health.
D．People should take advantage of summer to improve their health.
11．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy
A．It was invented by Mary Nelson，an American.
B．It successfully cured many people of cancer.
C．It is popular with people with its excellent effects.
D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.
D
In a recent study, researchers have suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation. Meanwhile, scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller. Prof Steve Brusatte, a paleontologist(古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested that the way in which other mammals(哺乳动物) have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future.
Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “Why do they become smaller It is not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than bigger animals and can thus better release extra heat,” he writes. “It is a common way that mammals deal with climate change”.
He added: “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures change pretty quickly. That does raise the question: if so, might humans get smaller And I think that certainly makes sense.”
Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said it is commonly believed that the strong relations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.”
12. What does the recent research find according to Paragraph 1
A. Climate change may cause humans to shrink in size.
B. Human being can’t deal with global climate change.
C. Temperature is the decisive element in human growth.
D. Mankind’s future is similar to that of ancient mammals
13. What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A. Principles about Bergmann’s rule.
B .Reasons for animals’ smaller size.
C. Ways to deal with climate change.
D. Decline of mammals in number.
14. How does Adrian Lister feel about the recent study
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Lengthy. D. Pointless.
15. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A job interview. B. A public speech.
C. A science journal. D. A course Book.
二、短文七选五：
Reasons why you should learn first aid
A first-aid course only takes a matter of hours to complete but supplies you with all of the knowledge you require to handle an emergency. 1 . Actually, there are more benefits if you take crucial (关键的) first-aid practices.
2 . Just imagine for a second that somebody was in a life-threatening condition and your quick actions saved their lives. What a great feeling to wake up to! Remembering that you have prolonged someone’s life and allowed them to spend many more happy years with their loved ones.
Having the ability to help family and friends in need. When a member of your family or a friend injures himself or herself, there’s nothing worse than feeling helpless. In your first-aid training, you can learn how to treat a variety of medical conditions and injuries. This means that when someone is in need, you will know exactly what to do. 3 .
Earning the respect of your fellow colleagues. 4 . They will most certainly be grateful for all of your help, because you have provided the correct treatment at an early stage and they can recover quickly. This will reduce the number of days they are absent.
Gaining new responsibilities. Your role as a first-aider is very important especially in high-risk working environments where employees are operating heavy machines or working at a great height. 5 . More importantly, your skills will be highly valued to prevent potential accidents.
A. But that’s not all
B. Getting more confidence
C. You will be the go-to person in times of need
D. Having the pride you will feel if you help save someone
E. We all know that accidents happen, but we cannot predict the future
F. Your knowledge of first aid will increase their chance of making a quick recovery
G. Stepping in to help your colleagues will have a greater effect than you might expect
三、 完形填空
Teaching your children healthy eating is important so they have a good relationship with food. Children who 1 too much of the wrong types of foods are at 2 risk of health conditions like fatness, heart disease and cancer. With all the ads for junk food, it can be hard to keep your child eating healthily. 3 , there are ways you can employ to 4 children achieve this goal.
Serve your child mainly 5 snacks, such as fruit and vegetables or wholegrain biscuits and cheese. Keep healthy snacks accessible by placing them on low shelves in the fridge so your children can 6 them when hungry.
If you don't 7 your child to eat a particular food, keep it out of the house. She/He can't eat food that isn't 8 . Make less unhealthy food—something you eat 9 .This will limit the 10 of junk food your child can eat.
Don't use junk food as a trading tool. 11 children with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier foods 12 makes this food more appealing and healthier foods less attractive, so 13 non-food rewards.
Children learn by 14 what you do. In my opinion, if you don't want your child to eat too much junk food, model healthy eating and 15 eating a lot of junk food yourself. Allow children to help pick out new, healthy foods for snacks.
1. A. eat B. waste C. have D. make
2. A. lower B. better C. higher D. bigger
3. A. Therefore B. However C. Formally D. Finally
4. A. order B. see C. help D. protect
5. A. unhealthy B. simple C. poor D. healthy
6. A. cook B. reach C. arrive D. afford
7. A. hope B. want C. advise D. promise
8. A. here B. there C. over D. out
9. A. immediately B. always C. honestly D. rarely
10. A. quality B. character C. amount D. shape
11. A. Providing B. Rewarding C. Sharing D. Filling
12. A. only B. also C. even D. ever
13. A. choose B. buy C. exchange D. demand
14. A. remembering B. delaying C. watching D. imagining
15. A. prevent B. keep C. avoid D. ban
四、语法填空：
CPR is an effective form of first aid 1. (give) to the victim whose heart suddenly stops.
Doing it can increase the chance of the victim’s 2. (survive).So knowing CPR can be a real lifesaver.
How to give CPR There are 3. (simple) three steps. Firstly, roll the victim over onto his back and do the chest compression(按压).4. this way, it keeps blood flowing to the brain, heart and other organs. To perform the compression, place one hand over 5. other and press firmly on the victim’s chest many times in a row,6. (push) at least 2 inches deep on every compression. Then after the compression 7. (complete),check the airway 8. (see) whether the person is breathing. If not, perform mouth-to-mouth,9. helps to deliver oxygen to the victim’s lungs. And the chest compression should start again right after two breaths are given.
Learn CPR, for you never know when you might need 10. .And it feels good to know that you could help in an emergency.
五、写作：
1、今年的5月1日—3日你和班级同学参加了一次野外生存训练 (wildness survival program)。请根据下表提供的信息,用英语写一篇短文来描述一下这次活动并谈谈自己的感受。
时间 5月1日—3日
活动 1.携带物品:指南针、帐篷、手电筒、地图、急救包、火柴、食品和衣物等。 2.途中翻过三座山,经过了两个小山村。在穿越森林时迷了路,最后靠指南针找到了正确的方向。 3.在营地,支起帐篷,自己生火、做饭。 4.学习紧急救护。
你的感受 ……
注意:
1.文章必须包括以上要点,但不能逐字翻译,行文要流畅,可增加细节使句子连贯;
2.词数80左右;
3.参考词汇:指南针compass;手电筒 flashlight;急救包first-aid kit;宿营地campsite。
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2、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It's always heartbreaking when a close family member passes. Sharing the final moments with a person we love can be a small relief in a truly difficult situation.
This story was first told on an airline customer service website. As you may know, airlines compete with each other to see who has the best on-time departure record, and airline employees are evaluated based on their ability to keep a schedule.
When Kerry Drake got on his United Airlines flight, the mother who he was going to see was facing her final hours. To add an extra layer of extreme sadness, Drake knew that if he missed his connecting flight, he wouldn't get to the hospital in time to say goodbye to his mother.
On that very morning, Drake got the news that his mother, who had been ill for years and had been especially sick over the last four months, was dying.
To get to his mother in Lubbock, Texas, the San Francisco resident booked a United Airlines flight, with only 40 minutes between connecting flights in Houston. After his first flight got delayed, Drake thought he would miss his connecting flight to Lubbock, the last one of the day. He started crying on the plane, obviously upset and worried. The flight attendants (空乘人员) soon noticed his state and quickly found out what was wrong. They brought tissues for his tears, said they would do what they could to help, and most importantly, got his connecting flight information to the captain.
Within minutes, Drake's problem was received and passed on to the captain, who radioed ahead about this situation to Drake's next flight. The Lubbock crew (机组人员) responded by delaying the flight's departure to make sure he got on the plane.
When he got off the airport train and was running toward the gate, about 20 meters away, Drake heard the gate attendant say, “Mr. Drake, we've been expecting you.” Until that point, Drake had been rushing to make the flight.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Finally, Drake sat on that second airplane.
He made it to the hospital in time to see his mother.
参考答案：
一、阅读理解：
A 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些防火信息，包括火灾警报、防火演练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的注意事项。
1．根据第一段中的“They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers.(他们检查校园里的所有建筑物，并维护所有的自动喷水灭火系统、火警警报器以及灭火器)”可知，防火专业人员的主要职责是检查和保养防火设备。故选C。
2．根据Fire Drills部分中的“Take your room key and ID. Close and lock the door to your room. Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift.(带上你的房间钥匙和身份证。关好房间的门并锁上。立即从最近的紧急出口离开，不要使用电梯)”可知，在防火演练中，学生们应该关上房门迅速离开。故选C。
3．根据 Smoke Detector部分中的“If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on.(如果烟雾探测器正常工作，红灯应该是亮的)”可推知，为了保证烟雾探测器的安全运行，必须确保红灯能正常亮起。故选D。
B 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在加拿大蒙特利尔的经历。那里寒冷的天气、人们入时的服装、美食、著名历史景点等都给作者留下了深刻的印象。
4．根据该段中的“how well everyone dressed. The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show.”（每个人的穿着多么得体。蒙特利尔的街道就像一场时装表演。）可知，在作者看来，走在蒙特利尔街上的人就像在进行时装表演一样。由此可知，划线句子的意思是：蒙特利尔的人穿着时尚，像杂志里的模特。故选C。
5．根据第三段第一句话中的“. . . we were immediately walking. . . ”可知作者和他的朋友迫不及待地想参观蒙特利尔。根据第四段中的“To hide from the cold. . . ”可以推知作者并不适应那里的寒冷。根据第三段最后两句“The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show. Both men and women look like they stepped out of the pages of a magazine.”可知蒙特利尔的人们非常注重着装。D项“蒙特利尔常常举行时尚表演”文中未提及，故选D。
6．根据第五段中“But since the rest of Canada speak English，plenty of people were there to help. ”（但由于加拿大其他地方的人都说英语，所以有很多人在那里帮忙。）可推知作者及朋友在餐馆碰到的人非常友好且乐于助人。故选B。
7．根据文章最后一段中的“Montreal is a city that sits between the past and the future. . . ”(蒙特利尔是一个介于过去和未来之间的城市，游客可以选择自己想去的方向。)可知，蒙特利尔既有往昔的风采，也有现代的气息。故选D。
C 这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了热石疗法的对人们身体健康的益处。
8．根据第二段“One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). ”（一个受欢迎的选择是热石按摩）可知这是这段的主题句。以及第三段的“Another popular option is hotstone baths.”（另一个受欢迎的选择就是热石洗浴）可知这是这段的主题句。再根据最后一段“The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（热石疗法可以帮助治疗许多疾病，包括背部疼痛。）可知整篇文章都是围绕热石疗法的好处来展开的。所以这篇文章最好的标题可能是热石疗法的神奇功能。故选B。
9．根据第三段“The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.”（热石浴有助于人体排出去年冬天积累的毒素和湿气。）可知人们通过排出大量的汗水来释放体内的毒素。故选B。
10．根据文章第一段“While people are annoyed by it，experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body's toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.”（虽然人们对此感到恼火，但专家建议，夏天是排出体内毒素、恢复精力的最佳季节。）可知通过这篇文章我们可以知道人们应该利用夏天来增进健康。故选D。
11．根据最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people，especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases，including back pain.”（这种疗法在很多人中越来越受欢迎，尤其是那些在冷气房工作的人。热石疗法可以帮助治愈许多疾病，包括背痛。）可知关于热石疗法我们可以了解到它以其良好的效果受到人们的欢迎。故选C。
D 这是一篇说明文。介绍了关于气候变化是否影响身体大小的研究。
12 第一段主要描述温度与身材大小的关系，根据段中的“ Meanwhile, scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller. (同时，研究马鹿的科学家们表示，北欧和斯堪的纳维亚地区的冬季变暖可能导致这些动物的体型变小) ”以及后文的相关信息可知，该研究的主要结论是气候变化影响身材大小，且有可能会让身体变小，所以A项“气候变化可能会导致人类身材变小”符合题意。故答案为A。
13 根据第二段内容，特别是“Why do they become smaller It is not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than bigger animals and can thus better release extra heat(为什么它们变小了？还不完全清楚为什么，但部分原因可能是与体积较大的动物相比，较小的动物具有更高的表面积，因此可以更好地释放额外的热量)”可知，本段主要解释气候变化可能会导致人类身材变小的原因。故答案为B。
14 从最后一段“If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. (如果真的发生这种情况，你就会发现大量的人因为气候变暖而在生育之前死亡。这在当今世界是不可能的)”可知，他并不赞同上述研究的观点，对此表示怀疑。A. Supportive支持的；B. Doubtful怀疑的；C. Lengthy 冗长的；D. Pointless 无意义的，无目标的。故答案为B。
15 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于气候变化是否影响身体大小的科学研究，从文中的相关描述及文体可知其出处最有可能为：科学期刊（杂志）。故答案为C。
二、短文七选五：
本文是一篇说明文。作者在文章中说明了几点我们应该学习急救知识的原因。
1.根据空前句子说明当你处理紧急情况时, 急救课程能够提供给你所需要的全部知识, 这是在说明急救课程的益处。结合空后句子说明如果你采取了关键的急救措施, 还会给你带来更多益处。分析前后句关系, 后句是对前句急救带来益处的补充说明, A项“但那并不是全部”切题, 能够起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
2.分析文章结构可知, 空处为段落主旨句, 根据第二段最后可知, 延长某人的生命是一种非常棒的感觉。D选项“如果你拯救了某人的生命, 你会感觉到自豪。”切题, 能够概括本段内容。故选D。
3.根据空前句可知, 如果你参加了急救训练, 就意味着当有人需要帮助时, 你会准确的知道要做什么。F选项“你的急救知识会增加他们快速康复的机会”切题, 能够承接上文。故选F。
4.本段主旨句为“Earning the respect of your fellow colleagues. ”, G选项“帮助你的同事给你带来的影响比你所能想象的更大”切题, 符合本段主题, 选项中的colleagues与主旨句中的colleagues相呼应。故选G。
5.根据空前句说作为一名急救员, 你的角色非常重要。空后句说你的急救能力在预防潜在事故方面被高度重视。C选项“在有需要的时候, 你将成为不可或缺的人”切题, 能够进一步说明你的急救员角色的重要性。故选C。
三、 完形填空
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养孩子健康饮食的原因和方法。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃太多错误种类食物的儿童患肥胖、心脏病和癌症等健康问题的风险更高。A. eat吃；B. waste浪费；C. have拥有；D. make制造。根据上文“Teaching your children healthy eating is important so they have a good relationship with food.”及下文可知，文章主题与孩子的吃有关。故选A项。
2. 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：吃太多错误种类食物的儿童患肥胖、心脏病和癌症等健康问题的风险更高。A. lower更低；B. better更好；C. higher更高；D. bigger更大。根据前文“too much of the wrong types of foods”和后文“health conditions like fatness, heart disease and cancer”可知，此处指高风险。故选C项。
3. 考查连接副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你可以采用一些方法来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Formally正式地；D. Finally最后。后文“there are ways you can employ....achieve this goal.”和前文“With all the ads for junk food, it can be hard to keep your child eating healthily.”之间存在转折关系。故选B项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，你可以采用一些方法来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。A. order命令；B. see看见；C. help帮助；D. protect保护。根据下文所提出的方法可知，这些方法能够帮助孩子们实现这个目标，方法起“帮助”的作用。故选C项。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给孩子提供健康的零食，比如水果和蔬菜或全麦饼干和奶酪。A. unhealthy不健康的；B. simple简单的；C. poor贫穷的；D. healthy健康的。根据后文“such as fruit and vegetables or wholegrain biscuits and cheese”可知，所列举的食物都是健康的零食。故选D项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把健康的零食放在冰箱较低的架子上，这样你的孩子饿的时候也能拿得到。A. cook烹饪；B. reach到达，（伸手）够到；C. arrive到达；D. afford付得起。根据前文“Keep healthy snacks accessible by placing them on low shelves in the fridge”可知，此处reach表示“伸出（手）够到”之意，符合句意。故选B项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不想让你的孩子吃某种特定的食物，让它远离屋子。A. hope希望；B. want想要；C. advise建议；D. promise承诺。根据后文“keep it out of the house.”可知，是不想让孩子吃某种特定的食物。故选B项。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她/他不能吃不在那里的食物。A. here这里；B. there那里；C. over结束；D. out在外。根据前文“keep it out of the house”可知，这里指不在屋子里的食物，所以用副词there。故选B项。
9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：少吃不健康的食物——你很少吃的东西。A. immediately立刻；B. always总是；C. honestly诚实地；D. rarely很少。根据前文“Make less unhealthy food—something you eat”和后文“This will limit ... junk food your child can eat.”可知，父母很少吃的东西，孩子也会少吃。故选D项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将限制你的孩子可以吃的垃圾食品的数量。A. quality质量；B. character品质；C. amount数量；D. shape形状。根据前文“Make less unhealthy food—something you ...”可知，少做不健康的食物，孩子吃的垃圾食品的数量就会减少。故选C项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用垃圾食品来奖励孩子，或者用垃圾食品来取悦孩子，让他们吃更健康的食物，只会让这些食物更有吸引力，而更健康的食物没有吸引力，所以选择非食物的奖励。A. Providing提供；B. Rewarding奖励；C. Sharing分享；D. Filling填充。根据前文“Don't use junk food as a trading tool.”可知，这里指把垃圾食品当作交易工具，用来“奖励”孩子，其它选项如“提供；分享；填充”均不符合句意。故选B项。
12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：用垃圾食品来奖励孩子，或者用垃圾食品来取悦孩子，让他们吃更健康的食物，只会让这些食物更有吸引力，而更健康的食物没有吸引力，所以选择非食物的奖励。A. only仅仅；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. ever曾经。根据前文“...with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier foods”可知，这样不明智的做法只会带来不好的后果。故选A项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用垃圾食品来奖励孩子，或者用垃圾食品来取悦孩子，让他们吃更健康的食物，只会让这些食物更有吸引力，而更健康的食物没有吸引力，所以选择非食物的奖励。A. choose选择；B. buy买；C. exchange交换；D. demand需要。根据前文“Don't use junk food as a trading tool.... with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier .... this food more appealing and healthier foods less attractive,”可知，用垃圾食品奖励和取悦孩子的结果并不好，所以家长要选择非食物的奖励。故选A项。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们通过观察你做什么来学习。在我看来，如果你不想让你的孩子吃太多垃圾食品，那就养成健康饮食的习惯，避免自己吃太多垃圾食品。A. remembering记住；B. delaying拖延；C. watching观看；D. imagining想象。根据常识和前文“learn by”可知，孩子往往会观察和模仿（学习）父母的行为。故选C项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们通过观察你做什么来学习。在我看来，如果你不想让你的孩子吃太多垃圾食品，那就养成健康饮食的习惯，避免自己吃太多垃圾食品。A. prevent防止；B. keep保持；C. avoid避免；D. ban禁止。根据前文“Children learn ...you do. In my opinion, if you don't want your child to eat too much junk food,”可知，孩子会学习父母的行为，要想不让孩子吃太多垃圾食品，自己就要避免吃太多垃圾食品。故选C项。
四、语法填空：
本文是一篇关于如何实施CPR(心肺复苏)的科普文章。
1.given 考查过去分词。该句有系动词is,故设空处应使用非谓语动词,give与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词given,此处相当于定语从句which is given to the victim...。句意:心肺复苏是一种对心脏突然停止跳动的患者进行急救的有效方式。
2.survival 考查名词。句意:实施心肺复苏可以增加患者存活的希望。根据the victim’s可知此处应使用名词survival。
3.simply 考查副词。设空处修饰系动词are,应使用副词,故用simply。
4.In 考查介词。In this way为固定短语,意为“用这种方式”。句意:用这种方式,它可以使血液流向大脑、心脏和其他器官。
5.the 考查冠词。人共有两只手,一只用one,两个中的另一个则用the other。故用定冠词the。句意:进行按压时,将一只手放在另一只手上,连续多次用力按压患者的胸部,每次按压至少按下2英寸深。
6.pushing 考查现在分词。该句已有谓语动词,故此处应用非谓语动词形式,又因push与谓语动词表示的动作几乎同时发生,且与逻辑主语即省略的you构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词pushing,作伴随状语,相当于and push。
7.iscompleted/has been completed 考查动词的时态和语态。after引导时间状语从句,从句中缺少谓语,根据语境可知,应用一般现在时。且complete与主语compression构成被动关系,故使用一般现在时的被动语态is completed。又因该动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前,故也可以使用has been completed。
8.tosee 考查动词不定式。该句谓语动词为check,故此处使用非谓语动词形式,根据下文“看看这个人是否在呼吸”,表目的,故使用不定式to see作目的状语。
9.which 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词指物,故应使用which。句意:如果没有呼吸,就进行口对口人工呼吸,这有助于将氧气输送到患者的肺部。
10.it 考查代词。need后缺少宾语,根据句意可知,此处指的是心肺复苏,为避免重复,使用it来代替。句意:学习心肺复苏,因为你永远不知道什么时候你可能会用到它。