Unit 1 What's the matter? 语法讲解及练习（含答案））

Unit 1 What’s the matter 语法讲解及练习
情态动词should的用法
一、should的基本用法
1．含义：“应该”，用来表达职责和义务、提出劝告,而且表述的是自己的主观看法没有人称和数的变化,不能单独做谓语，必须和后面的动词一起构成谓语。
2．否定式：should not(常缩略为shouldn't)，表示“不应当；不该”
3．用法：(1)建议或劝告某人“应该”做某事You should drink some hot tea with honey.你应该喝些加蜂蜜的热茶。(2)有责任或义务“应该”做某事You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你的母亲做家务。(3)推测某事或某情况“应该”会发生She should arrive home right now.她现在应该到家了。
二、含有情态动词should的句式变化
1肯定句式;主语十should+动词原形+其他
You should read his new book. 你应该读一读他的新书。
2.否定句式:主语+should+not+动词原形+其他，
You shouldn't eat anything. 你不应该吃任何东西。
3.一般疑问句式;Should十主语+动词原形+其他
Should I trust him 我应该相信他吗
4.特殊疑问句式:特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他
When should we go 我们应该什么时候去
三、特殊用法
should和ought to, be supposed/expected to 是同义表达。如:
You should/ought to listen to your parents.
=You are supposed/expected to listen to your parents.你应该听你父母的话。
练一练：
1. You look so tired. You _____ rest and ____ work too hard.
A. should, should B. shouldn’t, shouldn’t C. shouldn’t, should D. should, shouldn’t
2. You should ____ more water when you have a fever.
A. drinks B. drinking C. drank D. drink
3. He should take breaks away from the computer.(对画线部分提问)
4.你下次不应该吃这么多。
You _____　eat _____ ______ next time.
答案：1. D. 2. D. 3. What should he do 4. shouldn’t too much
反身代词
一反身代词的构成
第一,二人称的反身代词由形容词性物主代词加后级-self或-selves构成第三人称的反身代词由人称代词的宾格加后级-self或-selves构成。
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself Itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
注意不定代词one的反身代词为oneself。
二、反身代词的用法
反身代词在句中做宾语和表语,一般不能做主语。
1.反身代词做宾语。
反身代词可放在及物动词(短语)或介词的后面做宾语,常见的搭配有:
enjoy oneself玩得高兴;过得愉快
teach oneself sth.=learn sth. by oneself自学
introduce oneself介绍自己
dress oneself自己穿衣服
help oneself to sth.请自用…… (随便吃/喝此......)
hurt oneself伤了某人自己
lose oneself(in)沉溺于
by oneself 单独，独自
for oneself亲自
2.反身代词做表语。
反身代词放在be动词,feel, look, seem等系动词
之后做表语,可以用来描述身体或精神状态、感觉或情绪等。
I’m not myself today. 我今天感觉不舒服。
The poor boy in the story was myself.故事里的可怜男孩就是我自己。
3. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语。
主要起加强语气的作用，译为“亲自，本身，本人”。
The work itself is easy. 这工作本身很容易。
I myself did it.=I did it myself. 我自己做到了。
练一练：
用括号所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Can your little brother look after _____ (he).
2. The children made model planes _____(they).
3. Did you make the toy by ____(you).
4. The trip was boring. We didn’t enjoy _____(us).
答案：1. himself 2.themselves 3. yourself/ yourselves 4. ourselves
语法专练：
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. Welcome you all to the park and enjoy ______here.
A. you B. your C. yourselves D. yours
2. Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it all by____.
A. she B. her C. herself D. hers
3. Boys and girls, you should look after ______ when your parents are not at home.
A. himself B. herself C. yourselves D. themselves
4. –I don't care what people think.
-Well, you ______.Some opinions are worth weighing.
A. might B. should C. could D. would
5. Parents ________put the things like knives and medicine away in the house to keep
children safe.
A. may B. might C. can D. should
6. The children can dress ________.
A. himself B. herself C. yourselves D. themselves
Ⅱ.翻译句子
7.你应该向老师求助。(ask, for)
8.我应该先量体温吗 (take, first)
9.你不应该独自外出。(go out alone)
10.他在踢足球的时候伤到了自己。(when, was ,playing)
11.他能独自完成这项工作。(can, finish, work, by)
12. 请随便吃些水果。(help oneself to)
_______________________________________________
Ⅲ.句型转换
13.I should trust him.(改为否定句)
I _____ _______ him.
14. They should eat more healthy food.(对画线部分提问)
______ _______ they ____
15.He should have a talk with Mr. Smith.(改为一般疑句)
____he ___ a talk with Mr. Smith
16.They had fun at the party.(同义句转换)
They _____ ______ at the party.
17.He teaches himself English.(同义句转换)
He ______ English _____ _______.
18.You are expected to ask her for help.(同义句转换)
You ____ ask her for help.
19. Everyone should have spirit of giving.(对画线部分提问)
_____ _____ everyone ______
20. Should I lie down and have a rest (做出否定回答)
—_____________
参考答案：
1. C 2. C 3. C 4.B 5.D 6.D
7. You should ask the teacher for help.
8. Should I take my temperature first
9.You shouldn’t go out alone.
10.He hurt himself when he was playing soccer.
11.He can finish the work by himself.
12. Help yourself to some fruit.
13. shouldn’t trust
14. What should eat
15.Should have
16. enjoyed themselves
17.learns by himself
18.should
19. What should have
20. No, you shouldn’t.