广东省广州市2022年中考英语真题
一、语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022·广州）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1 15各题所给 的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I wanted to keep a pet fish. After months of 1． . I finally had enough money to get one. I named it Bob. I put 2． beautiful toy house with windows in the tank (鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of 3． fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn't get lonely while I 4． at school.
However, 5． a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me 6． it into the kitchen. He wanted to make sure I knew 7． to do so that Bob wouldn't get hurt.
First, my dad told me to reach 8． into the tank and take the house away. 9． I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot 10． than I thought.
"That's smelly!" I said. "Let's hurry up and 11． the fish out of the water, Dad!"
"Not so fast, Ben, "Dad said." We need to save some of the old water, 12． Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank. "
"Why " I asked.
"Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish," Dad explained, "That 13． we can't put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with 14． of the dirty water for a while."…
All seemed so easy. I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by 15． .
1．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving
2．A．a B．an C．the D．/
3．A．other B．others C．the other D．the others
4．A．am B．was C．were D．will be
5．A．before B．for C．after D．during
6．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．to bring
7．A．where B．what C．how D．why
8．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring
9．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though
10．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．the dirtiest
11．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting
12．A．so B．or C．because D．but
13．A．mean B．means C．meant D．is meaning
14．A．few B．afew C．little D．a little
15．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
【答案】1．D；2．A；3．A；4．B；5．C；6．D；7．B；8．C；9．C；10．B；11．A；12．C；13．B；14．D；15．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了作者小时候喜欢养鱼并为鱼换水的故事。
【点评】考查故事类阅读。根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整。
1．句意：经过几个月的攒钱我终于有足够的钱买了一个。save节省，攒钱，动词原形；saves第三人称单数；saved过去式；saving现在分词或者动名词。根据见面的介词of可知后跟动名词。故答案为D。
2．句意：我给它取名为鲍勃，我在鱼缸里放了一个漂亮的带窗户的玩具屋，这样鲍勃就可以游过去了。a不定冠词，一个，用在辅音音素词前； an一个，不定冠词，用在元音音素词前；the定冠词，表示特指，也可指已提到或易领会到的人或事物； /零冠词。根据语境和句意可知这里是第一次提到，beautiful toy，表泛指，用不定冠词，beautiful以辅音音素开头，用a。故答案为A。
3．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。other其他的，后常跟复数名词，表示泛指；others其他人 (物) ，后面不能接名词；the other两者的另一个；the others特指剩余的其他人(物)；根据fish and sea plants可知此处是修饰后面的复数名词，用形容词other，泛指其他的，别的。故答案为A。
4．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。am第一人称单数现在时；was，is和am的过去式，用于第一和第三人称单数；were，are的过去式，用于主语是复数和第二人称单数；will be一般将来时。根据so Bob wouldn't get lonely while I ... school."可知句子是一般过去时，用动词过去式，主语为I，用was。 故答案为B。
5．句意：然而，一个月后，我注意到鱼缸变脏了。before在.....之前；for后跟时间段，表示持续一段时间；after在......之后; during在……期间。根据I noticed that the tank was getting dirty.可知，应该是过了一个月后，才发现鱼缸变脏的。故答案为C。
6．句意：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。bring带来，带……到某处，动词原形；bringing现在分词或者动名词；brought过去式，过去分词； to bring动词不定式。根据"My dad asked me和固定搭配ask sb to do sth，让某人做某事，可知用动词不定式，故答案为D。
7．句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据 I knew 7 to do 可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，用疑问代词what，what to do做什么，其他是副词，不符合题意，故答案为B。
8．句意：首先，我爸爸让我小心地把手伸进鱼缸，把房子搬走。care关心，动词，名词；careful小心的， 形容词；carefully小心地， 副词；caring关心，动名词或者现在分词。根据reach可知这里是修饰动词，用副词，故答案为C。
9．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。If如果；Unless除非；Ween.当……时候；Though虽然。 根据.... took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a l..than1 thought."可知when，当……时候，引导时间状语从句，符合题意，故答案为C。
10．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。dirty肮脏的；dirtier比较级，更脏；dirtiest最脏的，最高级；the dirtiest，定冠词the+最高级，最脏的。根据a lot和than（比）可知这里是比较级，故答案为B。
11．句意：爸爸，我们赶快把鱼从水里捞出来吧！get得到，原形；gets第三人称单数；got过去式。getting现在分词或者动名词。根据let sb do让某人做某事，和 Let's hurry up and可知这里是并列的单词原形，故答案为A。
12．句意：我们需要保留一些旧水，因为我们清洗鱼缸时，鲍勃需要一个地方住。so因此；or或者；because因为；bu但是；根据We need to save some of the old water,和Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank.可知后面是前面的原因，用because，故答案为C。
13．句意：那意味着我们不能马上把鲍勃放进淡水里。mean意思是，原形； means第三人称单数；meant过去式；is meaning现在进行时；根据Instead, we need to put him in a cup可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用动词第三人称单数，故答案为B。
14．句意：相反，我们需要把他放在一个装有少量脏水的杯子里一段时间。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词； little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a lttle有点儿，修饰不可数名词。根据of the dity water可知，此处water为不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，使用a little，故答案为D。
15．句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己， 反身代词。根据by oneself"独自，可知用反身代词，故答案为D。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2022·广州）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选 出最佳选项。
Sam was worried. The
following morning, he would have art class. It was his favourite class, but
there was a 16． . Sam saw the world differently from
everybody else. When he drew, birds had different-sized wings, and buildings
had strange shapes. Every time he painted a picture, his teachers and
classmates would be 17． .
It was time for the art class. Nervously, Sam
looked at the white piece of paper in front of him.
"Good morning, class," said Mr White.
"Today, we're going to paint. . . "
Sam 18． , wondering what the next
word would be. Please, he thought, not houses. Not buildings^
"We're going to paint 19． ，"
said Mr White, with a smile.
"Yes! Great!" said Sam 20． .
"We can't paint that!" shouted Mike
from the other side of the classroom.
"Sure, you can," replied Mr White 21． . "Think about it, Mike.
What makes you happy "
"Umm…beaches, sunshine, and…ice-cream!" said Mike.
"Well, there you go. That's how you paint
it. Start working!" said Mr White.
Sam was already 22． . He splashed (泼洒) large amounts of paint all
over the 23． . It was really beautiful! There were
shapes that we didn't have in the real world and the colours were so shining. The
whole class 24． and Sam looked proud.
From that day on, Sam was
never 25． about art class. He knew that he could paint happiness,
no matter
What he painted.
16．A．difference B．problem C．reason D．way
17．A．encouraged B．relaxed C．satisfied D．surprised
18．A．agreed B．replied C．understood D．waited
19．A．buildings B．houses C．happiness D．summer
20．A．excitedly B．carelessly C．kindly D．sadly
21．A．angrily B．patiently C．secretly D．worriedly
22．A．painting B．playing C．talking D．writing
23．A．book B．floor C．paper D．wall
24．A．cheered B．doubted C．finished D．regretted
25．A．careful B．certain C．happy D．nervous
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．D；19．C；20．A；21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章介绍萨姆由担心上美术课到喜欢上美术课的故事。
【点评】考查故事类阅读。根据前后文的语境，认真辨析选项里的单词或短语的词义，结合词性，短语，句型，时态，语态和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。
16．句意：这是他最喜欢的课，但有一个问题。difference差异，不同；problem问题；reason原因；way方式，方法。根据It was his favourite class和下面的转折but"he"Sam saw the world differently from everybody else.可知是指有一个问题。 故答案为B。
17．句意：萨姆很惊讶，不知道下一个单词会是什么。encouraged受鼓舞的；relaxed放松的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；根据Sam saw the world differently from everybody else.When he drew, birds had difrent-sized wings, and buildings had strange shapes."可知，此处老师和同学是惊讶的，故答案为D。
18．句意：萨姆等着，不知道下一个字会是什么。agreed同意；replied回复；understood理解；waited等待。 根据wondering what the next word would be. Please, he thought, not houses. Not buildings 可知，他在等待着老师说出要画的内容。故答案为D。
19．句意：怀特先生笑着说：“我们要画幸福"。buildings建筑；houses房子；happiness快乐， 幸福；summer夏天；根据What makes you happy 和He knew that he could paint hapiness可知，此处画的是幸福，故答案为C。
20．句意：“是的！太好了！”萨姆兴奋地说。excitedly兴奋地；carelessly粗心地；kindly体贴地， 友好地；sadly伤心地；根据'Yes! Great!可知萨姆很兴奋，故答案为A。
21．句意：“当然可以，”怀特先生耐心地回答。angrily生气地；patiently有耐心地；secrely秘密地；worriedly担忧地；根据 We can't paint that! ”shouted Mike from the other side of the cassroom.可知怀特先生听到了迈克的反对建议，没有生气，耐心地回复。故答案为B。
22．句意：萨姆已经在画画了。painting画；playing玩；talking交谈；writing写；根据 He splashed (泼洒) large amounts of paint all over the8. 可知，萨姆已经在进行绘画了。故答案为A。
23．句意：他把大量的颜料泼洒在纸上。book书；floo地板；paper纸； wall墙。 根据Nervously, Sam loked at the white piece of paper in front of him.可知，应该在纸上进行绘画，故答案为C。
24．句意：全班同学都欢呼起来，萨姆看起来很自豪。cheered欢呼；doubted怀疑；finished结束，完成；regretted后悔；根据Sam looked proud可知，全班都为他欢呼，故答案为A。
25．句意：从那天起，萨姆对美术课从不紧张。careful小心的；certain确定的；happy开心的；nervous紧张不安的。 根据Nervously, Sam looked at the white piece of paper in front ofhim.和He knew that he could paint hapness可知之前是紧张的，但现在得到了大家的认可，就不再紧张了。故答案为D。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2022·广州）阅读理解
When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.
The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. It's important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.
The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships.
26．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To discuss why people help each other.
B．To describe the problems of giving help.
C．To introduce the advantages of giving help.
D．To explain how we can help others properly.
27．What does the underlined word "identity" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.
28．What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A．Act as a good listener to your friends.
B．Learn how to give advice to your friends.
C．Pay attention to your friends' unusual acts.
D．Build good relationships with your friends.
29．According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don't follow your advice on their serious problems
A．Keep their problems as secrets.
B．Let them make their own decisions.
C．Find out the causes of their problems.
D．Get help from their trusted teachers.
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．A
29．C
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述了帮助朋友意味着什么和怎样用正确的方式帮助朋友的建。
【点评】考查日常生活类阅读。段落大意题不能只凭文段中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读整段的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取本段内含的信息。
26．推理判断题。根据This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways可知本文主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故答案为D。
27．词义猜测题。根据 It's important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify"表示“认识到”，“discover"发现，了解到，符合题意，故答案为B。
28．段落大意题。根据The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying atention to others while listening is very important throughout our life结合第三段的内容，可知第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。 故答案为A。
29．推理判断题。根据As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故答案为C。
（2022·广州）阅读理解
Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house. Amy's grandparents had lived in the house for years and they had collected many things.
The dining room was foil of memories. Amy's grandfather kept many fine dinner plates (盘子) from his hometown. Amy remembered that they ate from the red, yellow, and blue plates during important holidays.
After carefully wrapping up (包裹) the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way. But the box was too heavy. It suddenly fell from her arms and dropped to the floor. All three of them heard the plates shatter.
"I'm sorry!" Amy apologised.
"It's okay," her grandfather said quietly. "It was an accident "
They opened the box and, sure enough, many of the plates were broken. Only a few remained whole. Looking at the small pieces, Amy felt really terrible. She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents and . . .
"Don't worry," her grandmother said, patting her on the back. Carefully, they put the broken pieces into a rubbish bag.
They continued packing for a little while, but Amy still felt very sorry. She was trying very hard to think of a way to make it up for her grandparents.
Soon, Amy's father came.
"I have to go," she said. "Dad is here to pick me up. "
She kissed her grandparents both, picked up the bag of the broken pieces and left.
"What's that " her father asked, as Amy climbed into the car.
Amy looked at the bag in her hands as an idea came to her, "This," she said, "is an art project
The following day, Amy went to an art store and bought everything she needed. Then she started to work. She used a thin board as the base. Then she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry, Amy wrapped it up.
A few days later, Amy's family had a big dinner at her grandparents' new house. She handed her gift to her grandparents.
"This is fantastic, Amy!" said her grandfather.
"I can't wait to hang it up in our new home," Amy's grandmother said as she gave her a big hug.
30．What was Amy helping her grandparents do at the beginning of the story
A．Move to a new house. B．Wrap up some presents.
C．Collect fine dinner plates. D．Prepare a big family dinner.
31．Why did Amy feel sony for the broken plates
A．They were never used by the family.
B．They were valuable holiday presents.
C．They were meaningful family treasures.
D．They were expensive hometown products.
32．How did Amy finally deal with the broken plate pieces
A．She sent them to an art store. B．She put them in her father's car.
C．She made a special gift with them. D．She threw them into a rubbish bag.
33．Which of the following best describes Amy
A．Kind and creative. B．rave but forgetful.
C．careless but helpful. D．Funny and hardworking
【答案】30．A
31．C
32．C
33．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子，她用碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母的故事。
【点评】考查故事类阅读。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
30．推理判断题。根据Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house.和After carefully wrapping up the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way"可知艾米帮祖父母把东西打包搬家。故答案为A。
31．推理判断题。根据She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents”可知这些盘子是从祖祖父母那里传下来的，可知是有特殊意义的家族财宝。故答案为C。
32．推理判断题。根据she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry,Amy wrapped it up和She handed her gift to her grandparents"可知她用破碎的盘子制作了一份礼物。 故答案为C。
33．推理判断题。根据短文内容可知本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子后，她用盘子碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母。可知艾米非常善良而且有创意。故答案为A。
（2022·广州）阅读理解
Charles Darwin
Early years
Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn't be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin's university teachers helped him join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature.
The Beagle
In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen.
When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).
Down house
At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn't want to make anything about his theory known to the public. He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution (进化论),but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans. He thought the public would be against it and was so frightened that he became ill with worry. However; when another scientist started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.
Most scientists accepted Darwin's theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February the day he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.
34．What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine
A．He didn't like seeing blood.
B．He found the studies too difficult.
C．He was pushed to give up by his family.
D．He was advised to study natural science.
35．Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin
A．It helped him to finish his study at the university.
B．It allowed him to change his mind about his fixture.
C．It gave him ideas about the beginnings of human life.
D．It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship.
36．In what order did the following happen in Darwin's life
a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836.
b. He thought the public would not support his ideas.
c. He became interested in studying the natural world.
d. He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species.
e. He received help to get a place on a trip around the world.
f. He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited.
A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→d
C．e-→f→a→c→d→b D． c→e→f→d→a→b
37．Why did the writer include the last paragraph
A．To introduce Darwin's famous book.
B．To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day.
C．To explain why people accept Darwin's ideas.
D．To show Darwin's influence on natural science.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．D
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了达尔文。结合了他的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。
【点评】考查人物传记类阅读。细节理解题要结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
34．细节理解题。根据he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn't be a doctor可知达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故答案为A。
35．细节理解题。根据Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen.When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).可知达尔文在“小猎户号"船上的旅行，让他开始创造他有名的理论，他认为所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先。故答案为C。
36．推理判断题。a、 他于1836年回到英国。b、 他认为公众不会支持他的想法。c、 他开始对研究自然世界感兴趣。d、 他出版了他的名著《物种起源》。e、 他得到了帮助，得以在世界各地旅行中获得一席之地。f、 他研究了他访问的岛屿上的植物和动物。根据he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals可知他对学习自然世界感兴趣。根据one of Darwin's university teachers helped him, join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature可知他得到帮助可以去环球航行。根据he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited"可知他在岛上研究植物和动物。根据When he finally rrived back in Britain可知，他回到英国。根据he was frightened abou what people mightsay about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans可知他认为大众不会支持他的想法。根据Darwin decided to printhis book, On the Origin of Species可知他出版了他的书《物种起源》。正确的顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d， 故答案为B。
37．推理判断题。根据Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world. 可知达尔文日是为了鼓励更多的人研究自然科学。可知作者加上最后一段是为了展示达尔文在自然科学上的影响。故答案为D。
（2022·广州）阅读理解
Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering! In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you'll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order. At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways (See Figure 1). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won't have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game.
38．What will players carry in the game
A．A map, a compass and a flag. B．A flag, a compass and a card.
C．A compass, a map and a card. D．A phone, a compass and a map.
39．Which of the following is a rule of the game
A．You don't need to mark the cards.
B．You can't miss any of the controls to win.
C．You have to find controls in numbered order.
D．You must be the first to pass the finish line to win.
40．How many controls has Anna finished in the game
A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.
【答案】38．C
39．B
40．B
【知识点】体育竞技类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作规则。
【点评】考查说明文阅读。首先要读题干，划出题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中，这样就能容易的找到正确答案。
38．细节理解题。根据In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. 和At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways (See Figure 1).可知在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故答案为C。
39．推理判断题。根据If someone misses a control, they won't have that mark on their card可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故答案为B。
40．推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5，7到9，和11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故答案为B。
四、阅读填空 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
（2022·广州）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
We all know that exercise is good for us, don't we 41． Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport
42． Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn't it
43． If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon (马拉松): you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. 44．
It doesn't matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. 45． Who wouldn't want that
A. Start small! B. That way, you'll never give it up! C. It's about being healthier and feeling happier. D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body. E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.
【答案】41．E；42．D；43．A；44．B；45．C
【知识点】任务型阅读；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了锻炼应从小的方面着手，做让人享受的运动，这样才能让人更健康更开心。
选项意义：
A. Start small!从小事做起！
B. That way, you'll never give it up!这样，你就永远不会放弃了！
C. It's about being healthier and feeling happier..这是关于更健康和感觉更快乐。
D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body.首先，运动不仅仅关乎身体。
E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢这样做。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。关键是跳过空白句，先通读全文，然后结合上下文的意思，找到合适的句子，如果有困难，我们可以逐一把句子代入进行比较，找到符合空白处的选项。最后再通读全文进行核对更正。
41．根据下文Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up可知跑或者游泳很长一段路会让人想躺倒放弃，可知讲述锻炼对人有好处，但是不是每个人都会喜欢。结合选项，可知E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢这样做。符合上下文语境，故答案为E。
42．根据下文Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feling和Moreover, regular exercisehelps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily可知，身体的运动引起人的大脑的变化，帮助人感觉更新鲜更容易睡着，可知讲述除了身体，锻炼对人其他方面的影响。结合选项，可知D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body.首先，运动不仅仅关乎身体。符合题意，故答案为D。
43．根据下文 you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. 可知，每天走路骑自行车十分钟是形成锻炼习惯的好方法，这样人不会放弃。可知句子讲述应从小的方面着手。结合选项，可知A. Start small!从小事做起！相符合。故答案为A。
44．根据上文Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. 和Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out可知，选择的锻炼活动不仅能有益于身体，而且让人享受。可知句子讲述让人享受的运动对人的益处。结合选项可知B. That way, you'll never give it up!这样，你就永远不会放弃了！符合题意。故答案为B。
45．根据上文Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. 可知有规律的锻炼不只是关于外表，结合上文讲述对人其他方面的益处和锻炼让人享受，可知这里讲述锻炼对人的好处，结合选项，可知C. It's about being healthier and feeling happier..这是关于更健康和感觉更快乐。符合题意。故答案为C。
五、语篇填词 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
（2022·广州）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunhuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c 46． of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China's western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f 47． countries did business and communicated with the local people.
If you v 48． Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves (莫高窟). If you walk i 49． , you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c 50． to see Dunhuang's treasures online.
【答案】46．center/centre；47．foreign；48．visit；49．inside；50．chance
【知识点】单词拼写；文学艺术类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了敦煌在古代是贸易中心，在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的珍宝 。
【点评】考查单词拼写。根据句意，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型和主谓一致，根据开头字母的提示，填入正确形式的单词。
46．句意：在古代，敦煌是一重要的贸易中心。根据an可知是单数名词作表语。根据As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuangbecame China's westerm gateway to the world和首字母提示，可知句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词"center"或"centre"。故答案为centre/center。
47．句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。这里是修饰名词countries，用形容词修饰，根据different cultures和首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，foreign，外国的，符合题意，故答案为foreign。
48．句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。句子是“if"引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。 根据you will be able to see the Mogao Caves和首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是you，谓语用动词原形visit，参观故答案为visit。
49．句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。 修饰动词walk， 用副词，根据 you will discover some of the wonderful artworks.和首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，walk inside，走进去，故答案为inside。
50．句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的珍宝。根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据to see Dunhuang'streasures online和首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，have a chance to do sth有机会做某事，故答案为chance。
六、完成句子，根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．（2022·广州）凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。
Kate was planning to the activities on the school Science Day.
【答案】take；part；in
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“参加”。参加take part in，固定搭配，这里是动词不定式，to后跟动词原形，故答案为take，part，in。
【点评】考查固定搭配。识记固定搭配和动词不定式的用法。
52．（2022·广州）凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。
Kate wondered something for the Science Day.
【答案】if；she；could；do（可用whether代替if，could写成can扣0. 5分）
【知识点】汉译英；if或whether引导的宾语从句；时态统一
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“她是否能做”。是否，if/whether是否，引导宾语从句。根据主句的谓语wondered可知从句用一般过去时，can能，用其过去式could，后跟动词原形；做，do；宾语从句用陈述语序，故答案为if，she，could，do。
【点评】考查宾语从句。识记宾语从句的结构和用法，并注意时态的一致。
53．（2022·广州）一开始，凯特小组制作水火箭有困难。
At first, Kate's group the bottle rocket.
【答案】had；difficulty；in；making （写出时态和make没用doing形式都各扣0. 5分）
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“制作……有困难”。做某事有困难，have difficulty in doing sth固定搭配，制作，make；根据at first可知句子用一般过去式，have用过去式had，故答案为had，difficulty，in，making。
【点评】考查固定搭配和一般过去时。识记固定搭配的用并注意运用正确的时态。
54．（2022·广州）在科学老师的帮助下，凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射。
With the help of the science teacher, the bottle rocket successfully by Kate's group.
【答案】was；sent（这里也可以用launched 发射）
【知识点】汉译英；一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“发射”。主语rocket和动词的关系是被动，用被动语态：be+过去分词。发射send，过去分词为sent，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was，故答案为was，sent。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。识记被动语态的构成和用法。
55．（2022·广州）学校科学日很精彩。凯特小组真高兴！
The school Science Day was wonderful. Kate's group were!
【答案】How；happy
【知识点】汉译英；how引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知句子缺少“真高兴”。句子是感叹句，根据句子的be动词were，可知是用形容词happy，高兴的，感叹形容词用how，句子结构为how+形容词+主语+谓语！故答案为How ，happy。
【点评】考查how引导的感叹句。识记感叹句的构成和用法。
七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
56．（2022·广州）你校将兴建新图书馆，学校英文报以"My Green School Library"为题向学生征稿。请根据以下思维导图的内容提示写一篇短文投稿，介绍你所设计（design）的绿 色图书馆。
注意：1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
2）词数80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；
3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
My Green School Library l want to design a green school library.
【答案】My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library. It will be greatly different from the present ones. (做个简单过渡) The library is green, blue, white and it is in the shape of spaceships with all kinds of electrical appliances. They will use solar power and be controlled by computer (能源)s. Smart and green, isn't it What's more, it is made of recyclable materials which is environment-friendly to our Earth (材料). Thanks to the modern computer system, students can lend the books we are interested in and return it conveniently by scaning our face. The most exciting thing is that you can listen to music in your seat to relax yourself when you feel tired. (It is large enough so that you can also rest inside and feel comfortable. )
What a wonderful library it is! I can't wait to experience it.
【知识点】材料作文
【解析】【分析】这篇作文要求以"My Green School Library"为题，根据思维导图， 介绍你所设计的绿色图书馆。根据图片提示，可知内容上从图书馆的外观，什么使它绿色和我们可以在图书馆做什么几个方面去描述。可以适当地拓展。时态用一般现在时，人称以第三人称单数为主。可先列出要点，根据要点去组织语言，去充实内容，让它变得完整、合理，内容丰富。写作时，应注意英语表达和汉语的不同，使用正确的词汇和句型，还需要注意语法规范。注意语句间的衔接，使文意连贯，表达流畅。最后检查有无书写错误。
【点评】考查材料作文。范文根据思维导图的提示描述了自己设计的绿色图书馆，文中层次清晰，逻辑清楚。高分亮点：短语：in the shape of，all kinds of，be made of，so that等；句型：What's more, it is made of recyclable materials which is environment-friendly to our Earth （定语从句）。 The most exciting thing is that you can listen to music in your seat to relax yourself when you feel tired. （表语从句，时间状语从句，形容词的最高级）。
1 / 1广东省广州市2022年中考英语真题
一、语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022·广州）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1 15各题所给 的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I wanted to keep a pet fish. After months of 1． . I finally had enough money to get one. I named it Bob. I put 2． beautiful toy house with windows in the tank (鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of 3． fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn't get lonely while I 4． at school.
However, 5． a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me 6． it into the kitchen. He wanted to make sure I knew 7． to do so that Bob wouldn't get hurt.
First, my dad told me to reach 8． into the tank and take the house away. 9． I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot 10． than I thought.
"That's smelly!" I said. "Let's hurry up and 11． the fish out of the water, Dad!"
"Not so fast, Ben, "Dad said." We need to save some of the old water, 12． Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank. "
"Why " I asked.
"Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish," Dad explained, "That 13． we can't put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with 14． of the dirty water for a while."…
All seemed so easy. I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by 15． .
1．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving
2．A．a B．an C．the D．/
3．A．other B．others C．the other D．the others
4．A．am B．was C．were D．will be
5．A．before B．for C．after D．during
6．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．to bring
7．A．where B．what C．how D．why
8．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring
9．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though
10．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．the dirtiest
11．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting
12．A．so B．or C．because D．but
13．A．mean B．means C．meant D．is meaning
14．A．few B．afew C．little D．a little
15．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2022·广州）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选 出最佳选项。
Sam was worried. The
following morning, he would have art class. It was his favourite class, but
there was a 16． . Sam saw the world differently from
everybody else. When he drew, birds had different-sized wings, and buildings
had strange shapes. Every time he painted a picture, his teachers and
classmates would be 17． .
It was time for the art class. Nervously, Sam
looked at the white piece of paper in front of him.
"Good morning, class," said Mr White.
"Today, we're going to paint. . . "
Sam 18． , wondering what the next
word would be. Please, he thought, not houses. Not buildings^
"We're going to paint 19． ，"
said Mr White, with a smile.
"Yes! Great!" said Sam 20． .
"We can't paint that!" shouted Mike
from the other side of the classroom.
"Sure, you can," replied Mr White 21． . "Think about it, Mike.
What makes you happy "
"Umm…beaches, sunshine, and…ice-cream!" said Mike.
"Well, there you go. That's how you paint
it. Start working!" said Mr White.
Sam was already 22． . He splashed (泼洒) large amounts of paint all
over the 23． . It was really beautiful! There were
shapes that we didn't have in the real world and the colours were so shining. The
whole class 24． and Sam looked proud.
From that day on, Sam was
never 25． about art class. He knew that he could paint happiness,
no matter
What he painted.
16．A．difference B．problem C．reason D．way
17．A．encouraged B．relaxed C．satisfied D．surprised
18．A．agreed B．replied C．understood D．waited
19．A．buildings B．houses C．happiness D．summer
20．A．excitedly B．carelessly C．kindly D．sadly
21．A．angrily B．patiently C．secretly D．worriedly
22．A．painting B．playing C．talking D．writing
23．A．book B．floor C．paper D．wall
24．A．cheered B．doubted C．finished D．regretted
25．A．careful B．certain C．happy D．nervous
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2022·广州）阅读理解
When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.
The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. It's important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.
The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships.
26．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To discuss why people help each other.
B．To describe the problems of giving help.
C．To introduce the advantages of giving help.
D．To explain how we can help others properly.
27．What does the underlined word "identity" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.
28．What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A．Act as a good listener to your friends.
B．Learn how to give advice to your friends.
C．Pay attention to your friends' unusual acts.
D．Build good relationships with your friends.
29．According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don't follow your advice on their serious problems
A．Keep their problems as secrets.
B．Let them make their own decisions.
C．Find out the causes of their problems.
D．Get help from their trusted teachers.
（2022·广州）阅读理解
Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house. Amy's grandparents had lived in the house for years and they had collected many things.
The dining room was foil of memories. Amy's grandfather kept many fine dinner plates (盘子) from his hometown. Amy remembered that they ate from the red, yellow, and blue plates during important holidays.
After carefully wrapping up (包裹) the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way. But the box was too heavy. It suddenly fell from her arms and dropped to the floor. All three of them heard the plates shatter.
"I'm sorry!" Amy apologised.
"It's okay," her grandfather said quietly. "It was an accident "
They opened the box and, sure enough, many of the plates were broken. Only a few remained whole. Looking at the small pieces, Amy felt really terrible. She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents and . . .
"Don't worry," her grandmother said, patting her on the back. Carefully, they put the broken pieces into a rubbish bag.
They continued packing for a little while, but Amy still felt very sorry. She was trying very hard to think of a way to make it up for her grandparents.
Soon, Amy's father came.
"I have to go," she said. "Dad is here to pick me up. "
She kissed her grandparents both, picked up the bag of the broken pieces and left.
"What's that " her father asked, as Amy climbed into the car.
Amy looked at the bag in her hands as an idea came to her, "This," she said, "is an art project
The following day, Amy went to an art store and bought everything she needed. Then she started to work. She used a thin board as the base. Then she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry, Amy wrapped it up.
A few days later, Amy's family had a big dinner at her grandparents' new house. She handed her gift to her grandparents.
"This is fantastic, Amy!" said her grandfather.
"I can't wait to hang it up in our new home," Amy's grandmother said as she gave her a big hug.
30．What was Amy helping her grandparents do at the beginning of the story
A．Move to a new house. B．Wrap up some presents.
C．Collect fine dinner plates. D．Prepare a big family dinner.
31．Why did Amy feel sony for the broken plates
A．They were never used by the family.
B．They were valuable holiday presents.
C．They were meaningful family treasures.
D．They were expensive hometown products.
32．How did Amy finally deal with the broken plate pieces
A．She sent them to an art store. B．She put them in her father's car.
C．She made a special gift with them. D．She threw them into a rubbish bag.
33．Which of the following best describes Amy
A．Kind and creative. B．rave but forgetful.
C．careless but helpful. D．Funny and hardworking
（2022·广州）阅读理解
Charles Darwin
Early years
Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn't be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin's university teachers helped him join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature.
The Beagle
In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen.
When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).
Down house
At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn't want to make anything about his theory known to the public. He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution (进化论),but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans. He thought the public would be against it and was so frightened that he became ill with worry. However; when another scientist started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.
Most scientists accepted Darwin's theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February the day he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.
34．What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine
A．He didn't like seeing blood.
B．He found the studies too difficult.
C．He was pushed to give up by his family.
D．He was advised to study natural science.
35．Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin
A．It helped him to finish his study at the university.
B．It allowed him to change his mind about his fixture.
C．It gave him ideas about the beginnings of human life.
D．It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship.
36．In what order did the following happen in Darwin's life
a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836.
b. He thought the public would not support his ideas.
c. He became interested in studying the natural world.
d. He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species.
e. He received help to get a place on a trip around the world.
f. He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited.
A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→d
C．e-→f→a→c→d→b D． c→e→f→d→a→b
37．Why did the writer include the last paragraph
A．To introduce Darwin's famous book.
B．To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day.
C．To explain why people accept Darwin's ideas.
D．To show Darwin's influence on natural science.
（2022·广州）阅读理解
Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering! In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you'll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order. At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways (See Figure 1). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won't have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game.
38．What will players carry in the game
A．A map, a compass and a flag. B．A flag, a compass and a card.
C．A compass, a map and a card. D．A phone, a compass and a map.
39．Which of the following is a rule of the game
A．You don't need to mark the cards.
B．You can't miss any of the controls to win.
C．You have to find controls in numbered order.
D．You must be the first to pass the finish line to win.
40．How many controls has Anna finished in the game
A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.
四、阅读填空 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
（2022·广州）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
We all know that exercise is good for us, don't we 41． Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport
42． Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn't it
43． If exercise hasn't been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon (马拉松): you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. 44．
It doesn't matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. 45． Who wouldn't want that
A. Start small! B. That way, you'll never give it up! C. It's about being healthier and feeling happier. D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body. E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.
五、语篇填词 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
（2022·广州）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunhuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c 46． of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China's western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f 47． countries did business and communicated with the local people.
If you v 48． Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves (莫高窟). If you walk i 49． , you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c 50． to see Dunhuang's treasures online.
六、完成句子，根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．（2022·广州）凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。
Kate was planning to the activities on the school Science Day.
52．（2022·广州）凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。
Kate wondered something for the Science Day.
53．（2022·广州）一开始，凯特小组制作水火箭有困难。
At first, Kate's group the bottle rocket.
54．（2022·广州）在科学老师的帮助下，凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射。
With the help of the science teacher, the bottle rocket successfully by Kate's group.
55．（2022·广州）学校科学日很精彩。凯特小组真高兴！
The school Science Day was wonderful. Kate's group were!
七、书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
56．（2022·广州）你校将兴建新图书馆，学校英文报以"My Green School Library"为题向学生征稿。请根据以下思维导图的内容提示写一篇短文投稿，介绍你所设计（design）的绿 色图书馆。
注意：1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
2）词数80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；
3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
My Green School Library l want to design a green school library.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D；2．A；3．A；4．B；5．C；6．D；7．B；8．C；9．C；10．B；11．A；12．C；13．B；14．D；15．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了作者小时候喜欢养鱼并为鱼换水的故事。
【点评】考查故事类阅读。根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整。
1．句意：经过几个月的攒钱我终于有足够的钱买了一个。save节省，攒钱，动词原形；saves第三人称单数；saved过去式；saving现在分词或者动名词。根据见面的介词of可知后跟动名词。故答案为D。
2．句意：我给它取名为鲍勃，我在鱼缸里放了一个漂亮的带窗户的玩具屋，这样鲍勃就可以游过去了。a不定冠词，一个，用在辅音音素词前； an一个，不定冠词，用在元音音素词前；the定冠词，表示特指，也可指已提到或易领会到的人或事物； /零冠词。根据语境和句意可知这里是第一次提到，beautiful toy，表泛指，用不定冠词，beautiful以辅音音素开头，用a。故答案为A。
3．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。other其他的，后常跟复数名词，表示泛指；others其他人 (物) ，后面不能接名词；the other两者的另一个；the others特指剩余的其他人(物)；根据fish and sea plants可知此处是修饰后面的复数名词，用形容词other，泛指其他的，别的。故答案为A。
4．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。am第一人称单数现在时；was，is和am的过去式，用于第一和第三人称单数；were，are的过去式，用于主语是复数和第二人称单数；will be一般将来时。根据so Bob wouldn't get lonely while I ... school."可知句子是一般过去时，用动词过去式，主语为I，用was。 故答案为B。
5．句意：然而，一个月后，我注意到鱼缸变脏了。before在.....之前；for后跟时间段，表示持续一段时间；after在......之后; during在……期间。根据I noticed that the tank was getting dirty.可知，应该是过了一个月后，才发现鱼缸变脏的。故答案为C。
6．句意：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。bring带来，带……到某处，动词原形；bringing现在分词或者动名词；brought过去式，过去分词； to bring动词不定式。根据"My dad asked me和固定搭配ask sb to do sth，让某人做某事，可知用动词不定式，故答案为D。
7．句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据 I knew 7 to do 可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，用疑问代词what，what to do做什么，其他是副词，不符合题意，故答案为B。
8．句意：首先，我爸爸让我小心地把手伸进鱼缸，把房子搬走。care关心，动词，名词；careful小心的， 形容词；carefully小心地， 副词；caring关心，动名词或者现在分词。根据reach可知这里是修饰动词，用副词，故答案为C。
9．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。If如果；Unless除非；Ween.当……时候；Though虽然。 根据.... took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a l..than1 thought."可知when，当……时候，引导时间状语从句，符合题意，故答案为C。
10．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。dirty肮脏的；dirtier比较级，更脏；dirtiest最脏的，最高级；the dirtiest，定冠词the+最高级，最脏的。根据a lot和than（比）可知这里是比较级，故答案为B。
11．句意：爸爸，我们赶快把鱼从水里捞出来吧！get得到，原形；gets第三人称单数；got过去式。getting现在分词或者动名词。根据let sb do让某人做某事，和 Let's hurry up and可知这里是并列的单词原形，故答案为A。
12．句意：我们需要保留一些旧水，因为我们清洗鱼缸时，鲍勃需要一个地方住。so因此；or或者；because因为；bu但是；根据We need to save some of the old water,和Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank.可知后面是前面的原因，用because，故答案为C。
13．句意：那意味着我们不能马上把鲍勃放进淡水里。mean意思是，原形； means第三人称单数；meant过去式；is meaning现在进行时；根据Instead, we need to put him in a cup可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用动词第三人称单数，故答案为B。
14．句意：相反，我们需要把他放在一个装有少量脏水的杯子里一段时间。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词； little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a lttle有点儿，修饰不可数名词。根据of the dity water可知，此处water为不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，使用a little，故答案为D。
15．句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己， 反身代词。根据by oneself"独自，可知用反身代词，故答案为D。
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．D；19．C；20．A；21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章介绍萨姆由担心上美术课到喜欢上美术课的故事。
【点评】考查故事类阅读。根据前后文的语境，认真辨析选项里的单词或短语的词义，结合词性，短语，句型，时态，语态和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。
16．句意：这是他最喜欢的课，但有一个问题。difference差异，不同；problem问题；reason原因；way方式，方法。根据It was his favourite class和下面的转折but"he"Sam saw the world differently from everybody else.可知是指有一个问题。 故答案为B。
17．句意：萨姆很惊讶，不知道下一个单词会是什么。encouraged受鼓舞的；relaxed放松的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；根据Sam saw the world differently from everybody else.When he drew, birds had difrent-sized wings, and buildings had strange shapes."可知，此处老师和同学是惊讶的，故答案为D。
18．句意：萨姆等着，不知道下一个字会是什么。agreed同意；replied回复；understood理解；waited等待。 根据wondering what the next word would be. Please, he thought, not houses. Not buildings 可知，他在等待着老师说出要画的内容。故答案为D。
19．句意：怀特先生笑着说：“我们要画幸福"。buildings建筑；houses房子；happiness快乐， 幸福；summer夏天；根据What makes you happy 和He knew that he could paint hapiness可知，此处画的是幸福，故答案为C。
20．句意：“是的！太好了！”萨姆兴奋地说。excitedly兴奋地；carelessly粗心地；kindly体贴地， 友好地；sadly伤心地；根据'Yes! Great!可知萨姆很兴奋，故答案为A。
21．句意：“当然可以，”怀特先生耐心地回答。angrily生气地；patiently有耐心地；secrely秘密地；worriedly担忧地；根据 We can't paint that! ”shouted Mike from the other side of the cassroom.可知怀特先生听到了迈克的反对建议，没有生气，耐心地回复。故答案为B。
22．句意：萨姆已经在画画了。painting画；playing玩；talking交谈；writing写；根据 He splashed (泼洒) large amounts of paint all over the8. 可知，萨姆已经在进行绘画了。故答案为A。
23．句意：他把大量的颜料泼洒在纸上。book书；floo地板；paper纸； wall墙。 根据Nervously, Sam loked at the white piece of paper in front of him.可知，应该在纸上进行绘画，故答案为C。
24．句意：全班同学都欢呼起来，萨姆看起来很自豪。cheered欢呼；doubted怀疑；finished结束，完成；regretted后悔；根据Sam looked proud可知，全班都为他欢呼，故答案为A。
25．句意：从那天起，萨姆对美术课从不紧张。careful小心的；certain确定的；happy开心的；nervous紧张不安的。 根据Nervously, Sam looked at the white piece of paper in front ofhim.和He knew that he could paint hapness可知之前是紧张的，但现在得到了大家的认可，就不再紧张了。故答案为D。
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．A
29．C
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述了帮助朋友意味着什么和怎样用正确的方式帮助朋友的建。
【点评】考查日常生活类阅读。段落大意题不能只凭文段中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读整段的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取本段内含的信息。
26．推理判断题。根据This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways可知本文主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故答案为D。
27．词义猜测题。根据 It's important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify"表示“认识到”，“discover"发现，了解到，符合题意，故答案为B。
28．段落大意题。根据The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying atention to others while listening is very important throughout our life结合第三段的内容，可知第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。 故答案为A。
29．推理判断题。根据As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故答案为C。
【答案】30．A
31．C
32．C
33．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子，她用碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母的故事。
【点评】考查故事类阅读。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
30．推理判断题。根据Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house.和After carefully wrapping up the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way"可知艾米帮祖父母把东西打包搬家。故答案为A。
31．推理判断题。根据She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents”可知这些盘子是从祖祖父母那里传下来的，可知是有特殊意义的家族财宝。故答案为C。
32．推理判断题。根据she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry,Amy wrapped it up和She handed her gift to her grandparents"可知她用破碎的盘子制作了一份礼物。 故答案为C。
33．推理判断题。根据短文内容可知本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子后，她用盘子碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母。可知艾米非常善良而且有创意。故答案为A。
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．D
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了达尔文。结合了他的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。
【点评】考查人物传记类阅读。细节理解题要结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
34．细节理解题。根据he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn't be a doctor可知达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故答案为A。
35．细节理解题。根据Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen.When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).可知达尔文在“小猎户号"船上的旅行，让他开始创造他有名的理论，他认为所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先。故答案为C。
36．推理判断题。a、 他于1836年回到英国。b、 他认为公众不会支持他的想法。c、 他开始对研究自然世界感兴趣。d、 他出版了他的名著《物种起源》。e、 他得到了帮助，得以在世界各地旅行中获得一席之地。f、 他研究了他访问的岛屿上的植物和动物。根据he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals可知他对学习自然世界感兴趣。根据one of Darwin's university teachers helped him, join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature可知他得到帮助可以去环球航行。根据he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited"可知他在岛上研究植物和动物。根据When he finally rrived back in Britain可知，他回到英国。根据he was frightened abou what people mightsay about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans可知他认为大众不会支持他的想法。根据Darwin decided to printhis book, On the Origin of Species可知他出版了他的书《物种起源》。正确的顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d， 故答案为B。
37．推理判断题。根据Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world. 可知达尔文日是为了鼓励更多的人研究自然科学。可知作者加上最后一段是为了展示达尔文在自然科学上的影响。故答案为D。
【答案】38．C
39．B
40．B
【知识点】体育竞技类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作规则。
【点评】考查说明文阅读。首先要读题干，划出题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中，这样就能容易的找到正确答案。
38．细节理解题。根据In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. 和At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways (See Figure 1).可知在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故答案为C。
39．推理判断题。根据If someone misses a control, they won't have that mark on their card可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故答案为B。
40．推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5，7到9，和11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故答案为B。
【答案】41．E；42．D；43．A；44．B；45．C
【知识点】任务型阅读；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了锻炼应从小的方面着手，做让人享受的运动，这样才能让人更健康更开心。
选项意义：
A. Start small!从小事做起！
B. That way, you'll never give it up!这样，你就永远不会放弃了！
C. It's about being healthier and feeling happier..这是关于更健康和感觉更快乐。
D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body.首先，运动不仅仅关乎身体。
E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢这样做。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。关键是跳过空白句，先通读全文，然后结合上下文的意思，找到合适的句子，如果有困难，我们可以逐一把句子代入进行比较，找到符合空白处的选项。最后再通读全文进行核对更正。
41．根据下文Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up可知跑或者游泳很长一段路会让人想躺倒放弃，可知讲述锻炼对人有好处，但是不是每个人都会喜欢。结合选项，可知E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢这样做。符合上下文语境，故答案为E。
42．根据下文Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feling和Moreover, regular exercisehelps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily可知，身体的运动引起人的大脑的变化，帮助人感觉更新鲜更容易睡着，可知讲述除了身体，锻炼对人其他方面的影响。结合选项，可知D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body.首先，运动不仅仅关乎身体。符合题意，故答案为D。
43．根据下文 you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. 可知，每天走路骑自行车十分钟是形成锻炼习惯的好方法，这样人不会放弃。可知句子讲述应从小的方面着手。结合选项，可知A. Start small!从小事做起！相符合。故答案为A。
44．根据上文Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. 和Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out可知，选择的锻炼活动不仅能有益于身体，而且让人享受。可知句子讲述让人享受的运动对人的益处。结合选项可知B. That way, you'll never give it up!这样，你就永远不会放弃了！符合题意。故答案为B。
45．根据上文Doing regular exercise isn't just about appearance. 可知有规律的锻炼不只是关于外表，结合上文讲述对人其他方面的益处和锻炼让人享受，可知这里讲述锻炼对人的好处，结合选项，可知C. It's about being healthier and feeling happier..这是关于更健康和感觉更快乐。符合题意。故答案为C。
【答案】46．center/centre；47．foreign；48．visit；49．inside；50．chance
【知识点】单词拼写；文学艺术类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了敦煌在古代是贸易中心，在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的珍宝 。
【点评】考查单词拼写。根据句意，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型和主谓一致，根据开头字母的提示，填入正确形式的单词。
46．句意：在古代，敦煌是一重要的贸易中心。根据an可知是单数名词作表语。根据As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuangbecame China's westerm gateway to the world和首字母提示，可知句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词"center"或"centre"。故答案为centre/center。
47．句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。这里是修饰名词countries，用形容词修饰，根据different cultures和首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，foreign，外国的，符合题意，故答案为foreign。
48．句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。句子是“if"引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。 根据you will be able to see the Mogao Caves和首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是you，谓语用动词原形visit，参观故答案为visit。
49．句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。 修饰动词walk， 用副词，根据 you will discover some of the wonderful artworks.和首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，walk inside，走进去，故答案为inside。
50．句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的珍宝。根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据to see Dunhuang'streasures online和首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，have a chance to do sth有机会做某事，故答案为chance。
51．【答案】take；part；in
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“参加”。参加take part in，固定搭配，这里是动词不定式，to后跟动词原形，故答案为take，part，in。
【点评】考查固定搭配。识记固定搭配和动词不定式的用法。
52．【答案】if；she；could；do（可用whether代替if，could写成can扣0. 5分）
【知识点】汉译英；if或whether引导的宾语从句；时态统一
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“她是否能做”。是否，if/whether是否，引导宾语从句。根据主句的谓语wondered可知从句用一般过去时，can能，用其过去式could，后跟动词原形；做，do；宾语从句用陈述语序，故答案为if，she，could，do。
【点评】考查宾语从句。识记宾语从句的结构和用法，并注意时态的一致。
53．【答案】had；difficulty；in；making （写出时态和make没用doing形式都各扣0. 5分）
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“制作……有困难”。做某事有困难，have difficulty in doing sth固定搭配，制作，make；根据at first可知句子用一般过去式，have用过去式had，故答案为had，difficulty，in，making。
【点评】考查固定搭配和一般过去时。识记固定搭配的用并注意运用正确的时态。
54．【答案】was；sent（这里也可以用launched 发射）
【知识点】汉译英；一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“发射”。主语rocket和动词的关系是被动，用被动语态：be+过去分词。发射send，过去分词为sent，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was，故答案为was，sent。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。识记被动语态的构成和用法。
55．【答案】How；happy
【知识点】汉译英；how引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知句子缺少“真高兴”。句子是感叹句，根据句子的be动词were，可知是用形容词happy，高兴的，感叹形容词用how，句子结构为how+形容词+主语+谓语！故答案为How ，happy。
【点评】考查how引导的感叹句。识记感叹句的构成和用法。
56．【答案】My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library. It will be greatly different from the present ones. (做个简单过渡) The library is green, blue, white and it is in the shape of spaceships with all kinds of electrical appliances. They will use solar power and be controlled by computer (能源)s. Smart and green, isn't it What's more, it is made of recyclable materials which is environment-friendly to our Earth (材料). Thanks to the modern computer system, students can lend the books we are interested in and return it conveniently by scaning our face. The most exciting thing is that you can listen to music in your seat to relax yourself when you feel tired. (It is large enough so that you can also rest inside and feel comfortable. )
What a wonderful library it is! I can't wait to experience it.
【知识点】材料作文
【解析】【分析】这篇作文要求以"My Green School Library"为题，根据思维导图， 介绍你所设计的绿色图书馆。根据图片提示，可知内容上从图书馆的外观，什么使它绿色和我们可以在图书馆做什么几个方面去描述。可以适当地拓展。时态用一般现在时，人称以第三人称单数为主。可先列出要点，根据要点去组织语言，去充实内容，让它变得完整、合理，内容丰富。写作时，应注意英语表达和汉语的不同，使用正确的词汇和句型，还需要注意语法规范。注意语句间的衔接，使文意连贯，表达流畅。最后检查有无书写错误。
【点评】考查材料作文。范文根据思维导图的提示描述了自己设计的绿色图书馆，文中层次清晰，逻辑清楚。高分亮点：短语：in the shape of，all kinds of，be made of，so that等；句型：What's more, it is made of recyclable materials which is environment-friendly to our Earth （定语从句）。 The most exciting thing is that you can listen to music in your seat to relax yourself when you feel tired. （表语从句，时间状语从句，形容词的最高级）。
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