备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷二十（含答案详解）
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备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷二十
再开发卷二十编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
The average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter. First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb. Now it appears that some can count, too.
Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen. In return for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose. The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws.
As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. This could be explained by the bears' distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots. However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
Moving patterns, where each dot followed its own path around the screen, were more of a challenge. But Brutus, at least, was not defeated. He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food. They are, however, always alone, and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts. Perhaps, then, their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.
1. What task did the scientists set for the three bears
A. Distinguishing different dot patterns. B. Figuring out different colours of dots.
C. Putting the dots into differently coloured groups. D. Picking out the group with a larger number of dots.
2. For the bears, the task was easier when__________.
A. the coloured dots were moving slowly B. the dot patterns were regular in shape
C. the dots followed a path on the screen D. more dots covered a larger coloured area
3. What may explain the bears' high degree of intelligence
A. They learn skills from other animals. B. They face life challenges on their own.
C. They feed on a diverse range of food. D. They have complex social networks.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Bears Taught to Distinguish Colours B. New Evidence of Bear Intelligence Found
C. Three Bears Learned How to Count D. The Smartest American Black Bear Brutus
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
coloured _____________ adj. colourful鲜艳的；生动的；富色彩的；富有趣味的 _____________无色的；不生动的；颜色黯淡的 n. colour颜色；风格；气色，面色；外貌 vt. _____________把…涂颜色，粉饰；歪曲；使脸红
dotted _____________ adj. dotty薄弱的；多点的；精神不定的 n. _____________点，圆点；嫁妆 dotter加点的人；点标器
distinguish _____________ adj. distinct明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的 _____________著名的；卓著的 adv. distinctively特殊地；区别地 n. v. _____________区别
numerically adv. _____________ n. number 数字 adj. numberless_____________ adj. numerous 众多的，许多的
intelligence n. _____________ adj. intellectual智力的；聪明的；理智的 adj. _____________智能的
complex patterns _____________
_____________ 结果证明
_____________ 作为对......的报答
_____________ 占据
managed to pick out _____________
It is not entirely surprising that _____________
a high degree of _____________
_____________ 有助于促成
count on _____________ depend on ; rely on ; be dependent on
more of a challenge _____________
_____________ 算出；想出；理解；断定
_____________ 挑选
complex social networks_____________
_____________ v. 以…为食
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
You can often choose between plain white or _____________ (colour) and patterned shirts.
But I've asked my graduate student, to solve this for me _____________ (number).
Instead, he made a generous _____________ (contribute) to help the community.
She was _____________ (intelligence) but suffered from a lack of ambition.
He took a very scientific approach to _____________ (manage).
They can _____________ (distinction) a happy tune from a sad one.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的意义：
What was it that distinguished her from her classmates _____________
Does your cat have any distinguishing marks _____________
At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong _____________
She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. _____________
Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark. _____________
There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms. _____________
The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day. _____________
We averaged 42 miles per hour. _____________
Shares rose, on average, by 38%. _____________
I was just an average sort of student. _____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently____1____the shop.
So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how____2____I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had____3____you the last time.”
He smiled. Before starting the____4____, he added, “What if I keep it long ”
I____5____he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can't____6____what would happen to your shop then!”
The moment I said it, the assistant____7____from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down, eh ”
I admit I was too____8____at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an____9____look.
From that day on, I____10____stopped joking about anyone's profession and works. It is one of the most____11____incidents in my life, which taught me to____12____the profession and works of a person, no matter how____13____they are.
I'm____14____that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a____15____.
1. A. left B. opened C. joined D. visited
2. A. much B. long C. often D. soon
3. A. instructed B. invited C. promised D. convinced
4. A. discussion B. journey C. training D. haircut
5. A. agreed B. heard C. hoped D. knew
6. A. forget B. tolerate C. guarantee D. understand
7. A. urged B. shouted C. laughed D. helped
8. A. angry B. proud C. scared D. curious
9. A. anxious B. appealing C. encouraging D. awkward
10. A. suddenly B. completely C. temporarily D. regularly
11. A. important B. exciting C. strange D. interesting
12. A. learn B. enter C. change D. respect
13. A. hard B. small C. good D. complex
14. A. sorry B. confident C. grateful D. embarrassed
15. A. difference B. mistake C. choice D. joke
词汇与句型积累：
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷二十
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
本文介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen.(密歇根州奥克兰大学的Jennifer Vonk和乔治亚州立大学的Michael Beran给三只美国黑熊设定了一项任务，即在电脑屏幕上区分数字上较大和较小的点组)”可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同的点的模式。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“As the researchers report in Animal Behavior the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.(正如研究人员在《动物行为》杂志上所报告的那样，熊最擅长的图案是那些彩色的点不移动，而且更多的点占据了更大的彩色区域)”可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food.(熊拥有高度的智力并不完全令人惊讶。他们在获取食物时面临着很多挑战)”可知熊的高智商表现在它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B项。
4.标题判断题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊智力的新证据”。故选B项。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
coloured adj. 着色的 adj. colourful鲜艳的；生动的；富色彩的；富有趣味的 colourless无色的；不生动的；颜色黯淡的 n. colour颜色；风格；气色，面色；外貌 vt. colour把…涂颜色，粉饰；歪曲；使脸红
dotted adj. 有斑点的 adj. dotty薄弱的；多点的；精神不定的 n. dot点，圆点；嫁妆 dotter加点的人；点标器
distinguish v. 看清，认出；区别，分清 adj. distinct明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的 distinguished著名的；卓著的 adv. distinctively特殊地；区别地 n. v. distinction区别
numerically adv. 数字上；用数字表示 n. number 数字 adj. numberless无数的 adj. numerous 众多的，许多的
intelligence n. 智力，智能 adj. intellectual智力的；聪明的；理智的 intelligent智能的
complex patterns 模式；复杂的图案
turned out 结果证明
in return for 作为对......的报答
took up 占据
managed to pick out 设法挑选出来
It is not entirely surprising that 这并不完全令人惊讶
a high degree of 很高程度的
contribute to 有助于促成
count on 指望；依靠 depend on ; rely on ; be dependent on
more of a challenge 更多的挑战
figuring out 算出；想出；理解；断定
picking out 挑选
complex social networks复杂的社交网络
feed on v. 以…为食
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
You can often choose between plain white or coloured (colour) and patterned shirts.
But I've asked my graduate student, to solve this for me numerically (number).
Instead, he made a generous contribution (contribute) to help the community.
She was intelligent (intelligence) but suffered from a lack of ambition.
He took a very scientific approach to management (manage).
They can distinguish (distinction) a happy tune from a sad one.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
What was it that distinguished her from her classmates 使有别于
Does your cat have any distinguishing marks 特殊
At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong 分辨，明辨
She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. 使出众；使著名
Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark. 区分
There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms. 有别于
The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day. 普通
We averaged 42 miles per hour. 平均时速
Shares rose, on average, by 38%. 平均
I was just an average sort of student. 普通的
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.
分析：As 引导非限制性定语从句；where... and where引导的定语从句修饰先行词patterns。
翻译：正如研究人员在《动物行为》杂志上所报道的那样，在那些颜色点不动的图案中，熊表现得最好，而在那些颜色点较多的图案中，它们也占据了更大的颜色区域。
2.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
分析：where引导的定语从句修饰先行词patterns。
翻译：然而，这三只熊成功地识别出了数量更多的点，即使是成对的模式，即较少的点占据更大的区域。
3.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
分析：even when引导时间状语从句；介词短语by moving作为方式状语。
翻译：他似乎在数移动的圆点，即使科学家试图通过同时移动圆点的全部颜色区域来误导他。
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
本文是记叙文。讲述了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历让自己意识到语言的威力。
1.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，除了理发师还有一个助手，最近刚加入这个商店。A. left 离开；B. opened 打开；C. joined 加入；D. visited拜访。根据“who had recently …the shop”得知，我经常去的理发店新来了一位助手。故选C。
2.B考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位叔叔问我剪多长的头发。A .much很多；B. long 长久；C. often 经常；D. soon 很快。根据“So I sat for the haircut.”得知，我去理发店，理发店叔叔问我剪多长的头发。故选B。
3.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回答：“和上次我爸爸告诉你的一样长就行”。A. instructed 指导；B. invited 邀请；C. promised答应；D. convinced 确信。根据“the last time”得知，上次来剪发时，作者爸爸给理发师指导过要给作者理发的长度。故选A。
4.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开始理发前，他又说道：“如果我剪长了呢”。A. discussion讨论；B. journey旅程；C. training训练；D. haircut剪发。根据“So I sat for the haircut. ”得知，理发师是在开始剪发之前又说了一句话。故选D。
5.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他是在开玩笑。A. agreed同意；B. heard 听到；C. hoped希望 ；D. knew知道。根据“So I joked too. ”得知，我知道理发师说那句话是在开玩笑。故选D。
6.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可不能保证到时候你的理发店会发生什么。A. forget忘记； B. tolerate忍受；C. guarantee确保；D. understand理解。根据“So I joked too.”得知，我在开玩笑，剪坏我的头发，他的理发店会遭殃。故选C。
7.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚一说完，那个助手从身后大喊。A. urged敦促；B. shouted喊叫；C. laughed大笑；D. helped帮助。根据“How dare do you say that! ”得知，助手当真，大喊起来。故选B。
8.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的表情。A. angry生气的；B. proud骄傲的；C. scared害怕的；D. curious好奇的。根据“Who are you to take us down, eh ”得知，我当时才10岁，对那位助手的质问吓坏了。故选C。
9.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的表情。A. anxious焦虑的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. encouraging鼓舞的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“I went to the barber shop where I always went”得知，理发师对新助手给常客说的话感到尴尬。故选D。
10.B考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我彻底不再关于别人的职业和工作开玩笑。A. suddenly突然；B. completely完全；C. temporarily 临时；D. regularly有规律地。根据“ admit I was too…”得知，作者通过理发时开玩笑的不愉快经历，学到的教训是不要在别人的工作上开玩笑。故选B。
11.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. important重要的；B. exciting兴奋的；C. strange奇怪的；D. interesting有趣的。根据“which taught me”得知，作者认为这件事是很重要的事情。故选A。
12.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. learn学习；B. enter 进入；C. change改变；D. respect尊重。根据“I …stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works”得知，故选D。
13.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. hard难的；B. small小的；C. good好的；D. complex复杂的。根据“no matter how”得知，不论对方是多小的人物，我也要给予尊重。故选B。
14.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激那位店员的回应让我重新考虑我说话的威力。A. sorry抱歉的；B. confident自信的；C. grateful感激的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“made me rethink the power of my words”得知，作者感激那位店员让自己意识到说话要尊重别人，故选C。
15.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言真能带来大不同。A. difference不同；B. mistake错误； C. choice选择；D. joke玩笑。根据“made me rethink the power of my words”得知，作者感悟，语言很重要。make a difference“有影响，起作用”故选A。
词汇与句型积累：
1.what if假使……将会怎么样
2.take sb. down 拆台，是的某人扫兴，打败某人
3.That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently joined the shop.本句含有倒装句和非限制性定语从句。
4.The moment I said it, the assistant shouted from behind.名词The moment连接时间状语从句表示“一......就......”
5.It is one of the most important incidents in my life, which taught me to respect the profession and works of a person, no matter how small they are.本句含有非限制性定语从句和no matter how引导的让步状语从句。。
6.I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words.第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句。
再开发卷二十编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
The average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter. First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb. Now it appears that some can count, too.
Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen. In return for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose. The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws.
As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. This could be explained by the bears' distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots. However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
Moving patterns, where each dot followed its own path around the screen, were more of a challenge. But Brutus, at least, was not defeated. He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food. They are, however, always alone, and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts. Perhaps, then, their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.
1. What task did the scientists set for the three bears
A. Distinguishing different dot patterns. B. Figuring out different colours of dots.
C. Putting the dots into differently coloured groups. D. Picking out the group with a larger number of dots.
2. For the bears, the task was easier when__________.
A. the coloured dots were moving slowly B. the dot patterns were regular in shape
C. the dots followed a path on the screen D. more dots covered a larger coloured area
3. What may explain the bears' high degree of intelligence
A. They learn skills from other animals. B. They face life challenges on their own.
C. They feed on a diverse range of food. D. They have complex social networks.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Bears Taught to Distinguish Colours B. New Evidence of Bear Intelligence Found
C. Three Bears Learned How to Count D. The Smartest American Black Bear Brutus
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
coloured _____________ adj. colourful鲜艳的；生动的；富色彩的；富有趣味的 _____________无色的；不生动的；颜色黯淡的 n. colour颜色；风格；气色，面色；外貌 vt. _____________把…涂颜色，粉饰；歪曲；使脸红
dotted _____________ adj. dotty薄弱的；多点的；精神不定的 n. _____________点，圆点；嫁妆 dotter加点的人；点标器
distinguish _____________ adj. distinct明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的 _____________著名的；卓著的 adv. distinctively特殊地；区别地 n. v. _____________区别
numerically adv. _____________ n. number 数字 adj. numberless_____________ adj. numerous 众多的，许多的
intelligence n. _____________ adj. intellectual智力的；聪明的；理智的 adj. _____________智能的
complex patterns _____________
_____________ 结果证明
_____________ 作为对......的报答
_____________ 占据
managed to pick out _____________
It is not entirely surprising that _____________
a high degree of _____________
_____________ 有助于促成
count on _____________ depend on ; rely on ; be dependent on
more of a challenge _____________
_____________ 算出；想出；理解；断定
_____________ 挑选
complex social networks_____________
_____________ v. 以…为食
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
You can often choose between plain white or _____________ (colour) and patterned shirts.
But I've asked my graduate student, to solve this for me _____________ (number).
Instead, he made a generous _____________ (contribute) to help the community.
She was _____________ (intelligence) but suffered from a lack of ambition.
He took a very scientific approach to _____________ (manage).
They can _____________ (distinction) a happy tune from a sad one.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的意义：
What was it that distinguished her from her classmates _____________
Does your cat have any distinguishing marks _____________
At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong _____________
She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. _____________
Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark. _____________
There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms. _____________
The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day. _____________
We averaged 42 miles per hour. _____________
Shares rose, on average, by 38%. _____________
I was just an average sort of student. _____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently____1____the shop.
So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how____2____I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had____3____you the last time.”
He smiled. Before starting the____4____, he added, “What if I keep it long ”
I____5____he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can't____6____what would happen to your shop then!”
The moment I said it, the assistant____7____from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down, eh ”
I admit I was too____8____at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an____9____look.
From that day on, I____10____stopped joking about anyone's profession and works. It is one of the most____11____incidents in my life, which taught me to____12____the profession and works of a person, no matter how____13____they are.
I'm____14____that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a____15____.
1. A. left B. opened C. joined D. visited
2. A. much B. long C. often D. soon
3. A. instructed B. invited C. promised D. convinced
4. A. discussion B. journey C. training D. haircut
5. A. agreed B. heard C. hoped D. knew
6. A. forget B. tolerate C. guarantee D. understand
7. A. urged B. shouted C. laughed D. helped
8. A. angry B. proud C. scared D. curious
9. A. anxious B. appealing C. encouraging D. awkward
10. A. suddenly B. completely C. temporarily D. regularly
11. A. important B. exciting C. strange D. interesting
12. A. learn B. enter C. change D. respect
13. A. hard B. small C. good D. complex
14. A. sorry B. confident C. grateful D. embarrassed
15. A. difference B. mistake C. choice D. joke
词汇与句型积累：
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷二十
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
本文介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen.(密歇根州奥克兰大学的Jennifer Vonk和乔治亚州立大学的Michael Beran给三只美国黑熊设定了一项任务，即在电脑屏幕上区分数字上较大和较小的点组)”可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同的点的模式。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“As the researchers report in Animal Behavior the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.(正如研究人员在《动物行为》杂志上所报告的那样，熊最擅长的图案是那些彩色的点不移动，而且更多的点占据了更大的彩色区域)”可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food.(熊拥有高度的智力并不完全令人惊讶。他们在获取食物时面临着很多挑战)”可知熊的高智商表现在它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B项。
4.标题判断题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊智力的新证据”。故选B项。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
coloured adj. 着色的 adj. colourful鲜艳的；生动的；富色彩的；富有趣味的 colourless无色的；不生动的；颜色黯淡的 n. colour颜色；风格；气色，面色；外貌 vt. colour把…涂颜色，粉饰；歪曲；使脸红
dotted adj. 有斑点的 adj. dotty薄弱的；多点的；精神不定的 n. dot点，圆点；嫁妆 dotter加点的人；点标器
distinguish v. 看清，认出；区别，分清 adj. distinct明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的 distinguished著名的；卓著的 adv. distinctively特殊地；区别地 n. v. distinction区别
numerically adv. 数字上；用数字表示 n. number 数字 adj. numberless无数的 adj. numerous 众多的，许多的
intelligence n. 智力，智能 adj. intellectual智力的；聪明的；理智的 intelligent智能的
complex patterns 模式；复杂的图案
turned out 结果证明
in return for 作为对......的报答
took up 占据
managed to pick out 设法挑选出来
It is not entirely surprising that 这并不完全令人惊讶
a high degree of 很高程度的
contribute to 有助于促成
count on 指望；依靠 depend on ; rely on ; be dependent on
more of a challenge 更多的挑战
figuring out 算出；想出；理解；断定
picking out 挑选
complex social networks复杂的社交网络
feed on v. 以…为食
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
You can often choose between plain white or coloured (colour) and patterned shirts.
But I've asked my graduate student, to solve this for me numerically (number).
Instead, he made a generous contribution (contribute) to help the community.
She was intelligent (intelligence) but suffered from a lack of ambition.
He took a very scientific approach to management (manage).
They can distinguish (distinction) a happy tune from a sad one.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
What was it that distinguished her from her classmates 使有别于
Does your cat have any distinguishing marks 特殊
At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong 分辨，明辨
She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. 使出众；使著名
Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark. 区分
There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms. 有别于
The average adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day. 普通
We averaged 42 miles per hour. 平均时速
Shares rose, on average, by 38%. 平均
I was just an average sort of student. 普通的
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.
分析：As 引导非限制性定语从句；where... and where引导的定语从句修饰先行词patterns。
翻译：正如研究人员在《动物行为》杂志上所报道的那样，在那些颜色点不动的图案中，熊表现得最好，而在那些颜色点较多的图案中，它们也占据了更大的颜色区域。
2.However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
分析：where引导的定语从句修饰先行词patterns。
翻译：然而，这三只熊成功地识别出了数量更多的点，即使是成对的模式，即较少的点占据更大的区域。
3.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
分析：even when引导时间状语从句；介词短语by moving作为方式状语。
翻译：他似乎在数移动的圆点，即使科学家试图通过同时移动圆点的全部颜色区域来误导他。
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
本文是记叙文。讲述了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历让自己意识到语言的威力。
1.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，除了理发师还有一个助手，最近刚加入这个商店。A. left 离开；B. opened 打开；C. joined 加入；D. visited拜访。根据“who had recently …the shop”得知，我经常去的理发店新来了一位助手。故选C。
2.B考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位叔叔问我剪多长的头发。A .much很多；B. long 长久；C. often 经常；D. soon 很快。根据“So I sat for the haircut.”得知，我去理发店，理发店叔叔问我剪多长的头发。故选B。
3.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回答：“和上次我爸爸告诉你的一样长就行”。A. instructed 指导；B. invited 邀请；C. promised答应；D. convinced 确信。根据“the last time”得知，上次来剪发时，作者爸爸给理发师指导过要给作者理发的长度。故选A。
4.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开始理发前，他又说道：“如果我剪长了呢”。A. discussion讨论；B. journey旅程；C. training训练；D. haircut剪发。根据“So I sat for the haircut. ”得知，理发师是在开始剪发之前又说了一句话。故选D。
5.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他是在开玩笑。A. agreed同意；B. heard 听到；C. hoped希望 ；D. knew知道。根据“So I joked too. ”得知，我知道理发师说那句话是在开玩笑。故选D。
6.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可不能保证到时候你的理发店会发生什么。A. forget忘记； B. tolerate忍受；C. guarantee确保；D. understand理解。根据“So I joked too.”得知，我在开玩笑，剪坏我的头发，他的理发店会遭殃。故选C。
7.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚一说完，那个助手从身后大喊。A. urged敦促；B. shouted喊叫；C. laughed大笑；D. helped帮助。根据“How dare do you say that! ”得知，助手当真，大喊起来。故选B。
8.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的表情。A. angry生气的；B. proud骄傲的；C. scared害怕的；D. curious好奇的。根据“Who are you to take us down, eh ”得知，我当时才10岁，对那位助手的质问吓坏了。故选C。
9.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的表情。A. anxious焦虑的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. encouraging鼓舞的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“I went to the barber shop where I always went”得知，理发师对新助手给常客说的话感到尴尬。故选D。
10.B考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我彻底不再关于别人的职业和工作开玩笑。A. suddenly突然；B. completely完全；C. temporarily 临时；D. regularly有规律地。根据“ admit I was too…”得知，作者通过理发时开玩笑的不愉快经历，学到的教训是不要在别人的工作上开玩笑。故选B。
11.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. important重要的；B. exciting兴奋的；C. strange奇怪的；D. interesting有趣的。根据“which taught me”得知，作者认为这件事是很重要的事情。故选A。
12.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. learn学习；B. enter 进入；C. change改变；D. respect尊重。根据“I …stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works”得知，故选D。
13.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. hard难的；B. small小的；C. good好的；D. complex复杂的。根据“no matter how”得知，不论对方是多小的人物，我也要给予尊重。故选B。
14.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激那位店员的回应让我重新考虑我说话的威力。A. sorry抱歉的；B. confident自信的；C. grateful感激的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“made me rethink the power of my words”得知，作者感激那位店员让自己意识到说话要尊重别人，故选C。
15.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言真能带来大不同。A. difference不同；B. mistake错误； C. choice选择；D. joke玩笑。根据“made me rethink the power of my words”得知，作者感悟，语言很重要。make a difference“有影响，起作用”故选A。
词汇与句型积累：
1.what if假使……将会怎么样
2.take sb. down 拆台，是的某人扫兴，打败某人
3.That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently joined the shop.本句含有倒装句和非限制性定语从句。
4.The moment I said it, the assistant shouted from behind.名词The moment连接时间状语从句表示“一......就......”
5.It is one of the most important incidents in my life, which taught me to respect the profession and works of a person, no matter how small they are.本句含有非限制性定语从句和no matter how引导的让步状语从句。。
6.I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words.第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句。