备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十五（含解析）

备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十五
再开发卷十五编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades,advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
1.. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A. It can be measured by an IQ test. B. It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C. It includes a set of emotional skills. D. It refers to a person's positive qualities.
2.. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2
A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept
C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.
3. What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.
C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义，及其派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
popularization _____________ adj. popular流行的，通俗的；受欢迎的 n. _____________普及，流行；名气 vt. popularize_____________
makeup _____________
stability _____________ ; adj. stable稳定的；牢固的；坚定的 vt. stabilize_____________ n. stabilization稳定；稳定化
optimism _____________ adj. optimistic乐观的；乐观主义的 n. _____________乐观主义者；乐天派
_____________ adv. 准确地；精确地 adj. accurate精确的 n. _____________精确度，准确性
victim _____________
overall _____________
publicity _____________ adj. _____________公众的；政府的；公立的 adv. publicly公然地；以公众名义
aspect _____________
_____________ vt. 促进；提升 adj. promotional_____________ n. _____________提升，晋升；推销，促销；促进；发扬，振兴 _____________ 发起人；促进者；助长者
adaptively _____________ adj. adaptable适合的；能适应的；可修改的 n. adapter适配器；改编者；接合器；适应者 adaptor[通信] 适配器；（美）改编者；转接器（等于adapter）adaptability适应性；可变性；适合性 _____________适应；改编本 v. _____________适应; 改编
desirable _____________ adj. desired渴望的；想得到的 n. _____________欲望；心愿 vi. desire渴望
scholarly _____________ n. scholar学者；奖学金获得者 _____________奖学金；学识，学问
misunderstand sth. as sth. _____________
_____________ 导致
_____________把…描述为
run ahead of _____________
promote social well-being _____________
excite an interest in _____________
_____________ 关注，聚焦于;
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
The _____________ (popular) of private car has many advantages.
Being back with their family should provide emotional _____________ (stable) for the children.
There are very real grounds for _____________(optimist).
People's calorie intake was far from _____________ (accuracy) reported.
There has been a great deal of _____________ (public) surrounding his disappearance.
Her _____________ (promote) to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.
Older workers can be as _____________ (adaptively) and quick to learn as anyone else.
It is _____________ (desire) that interest rates should be reduced.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
Normally she wore little makeup, but this evening was clearly an exception. _____________
In some ways the social makeup of the two parties was similar. _____________
There was some drawback in his makeup, and as time went on he fell into long silences. _____________
Schools are the latest victims of cuts in public spending. _____________
When she finished painting, she stepped back to admire the overall effect . _____________
He was an intellectual, scholarly man. _____________
Daniel's early exposure to motor racing did not excite his interest. _____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做阅读理解; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，并整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的),an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
1. Why does the author like rereading
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. B. It’s a window to a whole new world.
C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend. D. It extends the understanding of oneself.
2. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast
A. It’s a brief account of a trip. B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.
C. It’s a record of a historic event. D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
3. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
4. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He loves poetry. B. He’s an editor. C. He’s very ambitious. D. He teaches reading.
词汇与句型积累：
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备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十五参考答案
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
1.D 根据题干关键词“common misunderstanding”定位文章第一段第二句“almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and ‘people skills.’” 许多人现在误解了情商，认为情商几乎是一个人性格中所有必须的、用智商测试无法衡量的东西，比如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观主义和“人际交往能力”所以选D。
2.B 根据题干关键词“‘doctor’ and ‘cheater’”定位到第二段开头“We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.”后面的例子，便是来佐证这个概念。所以选B。
3.A 根据题干关键词“the popularization of emotional intelligence”定位到第三段第一句“the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful” 宣传的总体效果是利大于弊。可知，作者的态度是支持的，选A。
4.B 根据题干关键词“the last paragraph” 定位第四段第一句话，“we hope”以及第二句“it's our hope”可知这一段是作者对未来的展望，故选B。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义，及其派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
popularization n. 通俗化；普及 adj. popular流行的，通俗的；受欢迎的 n. popularity普及，流行；名气 vt. popularize普及；使通俗化
makeup n. 性格
stability n. 稳定性 adj. stable稳定的；牢固的；坚定的 vt. stabilize使稳固，使安定 n. stabilization稳定；稳定化
optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义 adj. optimistic乐观的；乐观主义的 n. optimist乐观主义者；乐天派
accurately adv. 准确地；精确地 adj. accurate精确的 n. accuracy精确度，准确性
victim n. 受害者
overall adj. 全部的；总体的
publicity n. 公众的注意 adj. public公众的；政府的；公立的 adv. publicly公然地；以公众名义
aspect n. 方面；方位
promote vt. 促进；提升 adj. promotional促销的；增进的；奖励的 n. promotion提升，晋升；推销，促销；促进；发扬，振兴 promoter 发起人；促进者；助长者
adaptively adj. 适合的；适应的 adj. adaptable适合的；能适应的；可修改的 n. adapter适配器；改编者；接合器；适应者 adaptor[通信] 适配器；（美）改编者；转接器（等于adapter）adaptability适应性；可变性；适合性 adaption适应；改编本 v. adapt适应; 改编
desirable adj. 可取的；值得拥有的 adj. desired渴望的；想得到的 n. desire欲望；心愿 vi. desire渴望
scholarly adj. 学术性的 n. scholar学者；奖学金获得者 scholarship奖学金；学识，学问
misunderstand sth. as sth. 把…误认为…
contribute to 导致
describe sth. as把…描述为
run ahead of 超过;跑在...的前面
promote social well-being 促进社会福利
excite an interest in 激起对…的兴趣
focus on 关注，聚焦于;
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
The popularization (popular) of private car has many advantages.
Being back with their family should provide emotional stability (stable) for the children.
There are very real grounds for optimism(optimist).
People's calorie intake was far from accurately (accuracy) reported.
There has been a great deal of publicity (public) surrounding his disappearance.
Her promotion (promote) to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.
Older workers can be as adaptable (adaptively) and quick to learn as anyone else.
It is desirable (desire) that interest rates should be reduced.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
Normally she wore little makeup, but this evening was clearly an exception. n. 化妆
In some ways the social makeup of the two parties was similar. n. 构成
There was some drawback in his makeup, and as time went on he fell into long silences. n. 性格
Schools are the latest victims of cuts in public spending. n. 牺牲品
When she finished painting, she stepped back to admire the overall effect . adj. 总体
He was an intellectual, scholarly man. adj. 博学的
Daniel's early exposure to motor racing did not excite his interest. v. 激起
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”
分析： 此句为复合句，其中主句为“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything”，其中定语从句“that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and ‘people skills.’”修饰everything。
翻译： 许多人现在误解了情商，认为情商几乎是一个人性格中所有必须的、用智商测试无法衡量的东西，比如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观主义和“人际交往能力”
2. Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
分析： 此句为复合句，主句为“Research has shown”，宾语从句为“that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.”，其中从句中“but”连接两个并列成分。
翻译： 研究表明，情感技能可能有助于这些素质中的一些，但其中大多数远远超出了基于技能的情商。
3. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
分析： 此句为并列句，“while”表示两个句子的对比，前面的句子主干为“The ability may be used by a doctor”，其中不定式短语“to accurately understand how others are feeling”做后置定语修饰“ability”；不定式短语“to find how best to help her patients”“ to control potential victims”为目的状语。
翻译： 准确理解他人感受的能力可能会被医生用来发现如何最好地帮助她的病人，而骗子可能会用它来控制潜在的受害者。
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了重新阅读的意义和益处并向读者介绍了作者每年重读的三本书。作者鼓励读者去重新阅读书籍。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但是书没变，人变了。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处)”和第二段“The beauty of rereading lies in that our bond with the work is based on our present register. It is true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.(重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝。)”可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解。故选D项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。由此可判断出A Movable Feast是关于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B项。
3.B 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知，“rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”意为“但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The third book is Julio Cortázar’s Save Twilight: selected poems, because poetry.(第三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城: 诗歌精选》，因为诗歌)”可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书。故选A项。
词汇与句型积累：
familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓；友好随和
rereading n. 重读，再读( reread的现在分词 )
transformative adj. 有改革能力的，变化的，变形的
register n. 记录；显示；流露
annually adv. 每年，每年一次；一年一度
moveable adj. 可移动的，活动的
memoir n. 回忆录，自传；记事录
ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的
evaluates v. 评价；对…评价
substitute n. 替代物
allowance n. 津贴，补助；零用钱
a slight suspicion 轻微的怀疑
contributes to 有助于
looking back on 回顾过去
attach to （使）贴[系，粘]在…上；（使）依附
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.
分析： 动词短语lies in；is based on作为谓语。that连接的同位语从句修饰名词the idea。
翻译： 重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是基于我们目前的心理记录。