备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十四（含解析）
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备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十四
再开发卷十四编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934. Better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
1. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
2. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
3. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down. B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.
4. Which of the following a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story. B. The National Wildlife Refuge System.
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
resource _____________ adj. resourceful_____________
overly _____________ overmuch adj. 过度的； adv. 过度地； n. 过量；超额
house _____________
ever-increasing _____________; ever-increasing demand 日益增长的需求
destruction _____________； vi. _____________自毁； adj. _____________破坏的；毁灭性的
vital _____________ adv. vitally紧要地；生死攸关地 n. _____________活力；生命力
_____________ n. 幸存；幸存者 vi. survive_____________ adj. surviving未死的；依然健在的 n. survivor_____________；
annually _____________ adj. annual年度的；每年的；n. _____________年刊，年鉴
_____________ vt. 购买 adj. purchasable可买的；可买到的；n. _____________买方；购买者
cartoonist _____________ n. cartoon卡通片，[电影] 动画片；连环漫画；vi. _____________画漫画
inclusion _____________ adj. inclusive包括的，包含的；vt. _____________包含，包括
_____________ n. 保存；保护 adj. _____________保守的；vt. _____________保存；adv. conservatively谨慎地
_____________ 踏上
be alive with _____________
_____________ 出自某人之手, 由某人完成
a handful of _____________
take firm action to do _____________
_____________ 被任命为
go directly into _____________
_____________ 有效;可供……利用
little wonder _____________
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two _____________(survive).
It is vital that we act to stop the _____________ (destruct)of the rainforests.
Some strange customs _____________ (survive)from earlier times.
The company managed _____________ (survive)the crisis.
The world generates _____________ (annual)1.3 billion tons of solid waste.
She was the last _____________ (survive)member of the family.
What do we learn about McDonald's _____________ (include)of toys in its Happy Meals
Environmental _____________ (conserve)has been a hot topic in recent years.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
When will the information be made available _____________
The director was not available for comment. _____________
Many birds didn't survive the severe winter. _____________
She survived her husband by ten years. _____________
We were wondering about next April for the wedding. _____________
She wondered at her own stupidity. _____________
They have appointed a new head teacher at my son's school. _____________
A date for the meeting is still to be appointed. _____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1. In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 5 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 7 .
Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 12 .
Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
1. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
2. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
3. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
4. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
5. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
6. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
7. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
8. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
9. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
10. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
11. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
12. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
13. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
14. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
15. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
词汇与句型积累：
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十四参考答案
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
1. A 根据题干关键词“waterfowl population decline”定位文章第一段“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat”，成百上千万英亩的湿地被晒干，用来喂养和居住不断增加的水禽种群，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。所以选A。
2. C 根据题干关键词“decimate”定位到第一段，由上文的“unfortunately”可知这里是造成了不好的影响，所以选C。
3. D 根据题干关键词“the Act passed in 1934”定位文章第三段第一句话“In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.” 1934年，随着《候鸟捕猎邮票法》的通过，越来越受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，阻止对候鸟及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。“directly”对应题目中的“direct”，即猎人买邮票的钱直接筹集给了基金会，让他们有足够的资金建立栖息地。
4. A 主旨大意题，基本上根据选项关键词来确定答案。A“Federal Duck Stamp”B“National Wildlife Refuge System”C“Saving Waterfowl”D“History of Migratory Bird Hunting”,根据原文经常或者反复出现的关键词可以得知，是立法，而法案的主题内容就是发行duck stamp，所以选A。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
resource n. 资源 adj. resourceful资源丰富的
overly adv. 过度地 overmuch adj. 过度的； adv. 过度地； n. 过量；超额
house v. 安置
ever-increasing adj. 不断增长的 ever-increasing demand 日益增长的需求
destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 vi. destruct自毁； adj. destructive破坏的；毁灭性的
vital adj. 至关重要的；有活力的 adv. vitally紧要地；生死攸关地 n. vitality活力；生命力
survival n. 幸存；幸存者 vi. survive幸存；活下来 adj. surviving未死的；依然健在的 n. survivor幸存者；
annually adv. 每年；年年 adj. annual年度的；每年的；n. annual年刊，年鉴
purchase vt. 购买 adj. purchasable可买的；可买到的；n. purchaser买方；购买者
cartoonist n. 漫画家 n. cartoon卡通片，[电影] 动画片；连环漫画；vi. cartoon画漫画
inclusion n. 包含 adj. inclusive包括的，包含的；vt. include包含，包括
conservation n. 保存；保护 adj. conservative保守的；vt. conserve保存；adv. conservatively谨慎地
set foot upon 踏上
be alive with 充满
at the hands of 出自某人之手, 由某人完成
a handful of 一把; 一小撮; 少数
take firm action to do 采取果断行动
be appointed 被任命为
go directly into 直接被应用于
be available for 有效;可供……利用
little wonder 一点也不奇怪
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived(survive).
It is vital that we act to stop the destruction (destruct)of the rainforests.
Some strange customs have survived (survive)from earlier times.
The company managed to survive (survive)the crisis.
The world generates annually (annual)1.3 billion tons of solid waste.
She was the last surviving (survive)member of the family.
What do we learn about McDonald's inclusion (include)of toys in its Happy Meals
Environmental conservation (conserve)has been a hot topic in recent years.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
When will the information be made available adj. 可以了解的
The director was not available for comment. adj. 有空的
Many birds didn't survive the severe winter. v. 活下来，幸存
She survived her husband by ten years. v. 比…活的时间长
We were wondering about next April for the wedding. v. 想知道；想弄明白；琢磨
She wondered at her own stupidity. v. 感到诧异；非常惊讶
They have appointed a new head teacher at my son's school. v. 任命；委任
A date for the meeting is still to be appointed. v. 确定（时间、地点）
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1. In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.
分析： 此句为简单句，主句为“nation took firm action”，其中“with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act)”作伴随状语，“to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival”为目的状语。
翻译： 1934年，随着《候鸟捕猎邮票法》的通过，越来越受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，阻止对候鸟及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。
2. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.
分析： 此句为复合句，主句为“The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. ‘Ding’Darling”，同位语“a political cartoonist from Des Moines”，定语从句“who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.”。
翻译： “丁”达林，一个来自洛瓦州得梅因的政治漫画家，他当时被富兰克林罗斯福总统任命为生物调查局局长。
3. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.
分析： 主句为“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund”，其中不定式“to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System”作为目的状语。同位语从句“that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.”和“a fact”互为同位语。
翻译： 每枚鸭邮票中约98美分直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，纳入国家野生动物保护区系统——这一事实确保了这片土地将得到保护，并为子孙后代提供。
三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者主要介绍第一次暑期打工的经历，从中他得到了深刻的体会，工作不易，同时也获得一些有益的经验。
1. C 根据第一段的意思可知，作者“我”的纳税工作生涯始于中学，那时“我”在一家烘焙厂工作了整整三天。显然此空表示在复活节时“我”朋友父亲的工厂就会做（make）小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
2. A 根据文章的意思，“我”朋友父亲的工厂会把生产的蛋糕送到Cleveland的所有商店（stores）去出售。
3. D 根据空后的“during our spring break”可知，春假是一个短暂的（temporary）工作。generous大多的，慷慨的；financial经济的；technical技术的，均不符合文章的意思。
4. A 根据此句的意思可知，在春假的时候，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我没有别的计划（plan）。problem问题；excuse借口，原谅；hobby爱好。故选A。
5. B 从前后的语境可判断出，“我”可以挣（earn）最低工资。
6. A 根据文章的语境，“我”将看看工厂是如何工作的（work）。
7. B 根据句子的意思，由于我父母觉得这是个好主意，就打电话给Betsy的爸爸，征得他们的同意（permission）。而ambition雄心；志气；抱负；experience经验；经历；invitation邀请，均不符合文章的意思。
8. C 根据下文的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.”等，可判断出，“我们”在工厂的任务（role）很简单。
9. D 根据前面的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.”可知，我们是在传送带上把小兔子蛋糕移开（remove）。其他选项均不符合文章的意思。
10. A 根据句子的意思，此处表示“这比听起来要艰难（harder）多了。”
11. B 根据下文的“the cakes pile up”表示“蛋糕就会堆起来”，显然这是由于速度慢下来的原因，故选B，意思是“慢下来”。而calm down平静下来；stay on继续；坚持；move on继续前进，均不符合文章的意思。
12. C 根据文章的意思，此处表示“比我所意料（expect）的有更多的压力”。
13. B 根据上文的意思，显然我的父亲会笑着（smile）告诉我一些道理。
14. D 根据句子的意思，此处表示杂货店老板的儿子在Bernardsville分送（deliver）食物。
15. D根据句子的意思，他告诉我，这种工作能让你珍惜（appreciate）自己赚的钱，并尊重那些做这些工作的人。而withdraw收回，撤退，撤消；donate捐赠；receive接到，收到，均不符合文章的语境。
词汇与句型积累：
1.as a tax-paying employed person作为一个纳税的雇员
2.high-pressure adj. 高压的；高强度的
3.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break, for which I had no plan beyond listening to my favorite records.for which
分析：that引导的主语从句中，有一个非限制性定语从句，for which相当于when引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词spring break。
翻译：在春假的时候，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我没有别的计划。
4.This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work
分析： that引导的定语从句修饰先行词work；who引导的定语从句修饰先行词those; 定语从句you earned省略关系代词that/which修饰先行词 the dollars.
翻译：这种工作能让你珍惜自己赚的钱，并尊重那些做这些工作的人。
再开发卷十四编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934. Better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
1. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
2. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
3. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down. B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.
4. Which of the following a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story. B. The National Wildlife Refuge System.
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
resource _____________ adj. resourceful_____________
overly _____________ overmuch adj. 过度的； adv. 过度地； n. 过量；超额
house _____________
ever-increasing _____________; ever-increasing demand 日益增长的需求
destruction _____________； vi. _____________自毁； adj. _____________破坏的；毁灭性的
vital _____________ adv. vitally紧要地；生死攸关地 n. _____________活力；生命力
_____________ n. 幸存；幸存者 vi. survive_____________ adj. surviving未死的；依然健在的 n. survivor_____________；
annually _____________ adj. annual年度的；每年的；n. _____________年刊，年鉴
_____________ vt. 购买 adj. purchasable可买的；可买到的；n. _____________买方；购买者
cartoonist _____________ n. cartoon卡通片，[电影] 动画片；连环漫画；vi. _____________画漫画
inclusion _____________ adj. inclusive包括的，包含的；vt. _____________包含，包括
_____________ n. 保存；保护 adj. _____________保守的；vt. _____________保存；adv. conservatively谨慎地
_____________ 踏上
be alive with _____________
_____________ 出自某人之手, 由某人完成
a handful of _____________
take firm action to do _____________
_____________ 被任命为
go directly into _____________
_____________ 有效;可供……利用
little wonder _____________
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two _____________(survive).
It is vital that we act to stop the _____________ (destruct)of the rainforests.
Some strange customs _____________ (survive)from earlier times.
The company managed _____________ (survive)the crisis.
The world generates _____________ (annual)1.3 billion tons of solid waste.
She was the last _____________ (survive)member of the family.
What do we learn about McDonald's _____________ (include)of toys in its Happy Meals
Environmental _____________ (conserve)has been a hot topic in recent years.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
When will the information be made available _____________
The director was not available for comment. _____________
Many birds didn't survive the severe winter. _____________
She survived her husband by ten years. _____________
We were wondering about next April for the wedding. _____________
She wondered at her own stupidity. _____________
They have appointed a new head teacher at my son's school. _____________
A date for the meeting is still to be appointed. _____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1. In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 5 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 7 .
Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 12 .
Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
1. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
2. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
3. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
4. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
5. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
6. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
7. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
8. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
9. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
10. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
11. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
12. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
13. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
14. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
15. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
词汇与句型积累：
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
备战2023高考近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发卷十四参考答案
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
1. A 根据题干关键词“waterfowl population decline”定位文章第一段“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat”，成百上千万英亩的湿地被晒干，用来喂养和居住不断增加的水禽种群，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。所以选A。
2. C 根据题干关键词“decimate”定位到第一段，由上文的“unfortunately”可知这里是造成了不好的影响，所以选C。
3. D 根据题干关键词“the Act passed in 1934”定位文章第三段第一句话“In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.” 1934年，随着《候鸟捕猎邮票法》的通过，越来越受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，阻止对候鸟及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。“directly”对应题目中的“direct”，即猎人买邮票的钱直接筹集给了基金会，让他们有足够的资金建立栖息地。
4. A 主旨大意题，基本上根据选项关键词来确定答案。A“Federal Duck Stamp”B“National Wildlife Refuge System”C“Saving Waterfowl”D“History of Migratory Bird Hunting”,根据原文经常或者反复出现的关键词可以得知，是立法，而法案的主题内容就是发行duck stamp，所以选A。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
resource n. 资源 adj. resourceful资源丰富的
overly adv. 过度地 overmuch adj. 过度的； adv. 过度地； n. 过量；超额
house v. 安置
ever-increasing adj. 不断增长的 ever-increasing demand 日益增长的需求
destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 vi. destruct自毁； adj. destructive破坏的；毁灭性的
vital adj. 至关重要的；有活力的 adv. vitally紧要地；生死攸关地 n. vitality活力；生命力
survival n. 幸存；幸存者 vi. survive幸存；活下来 adj. surviving未死的；依然健在的 n. survivor幸存者；
annually adv. 每年；年年 adj. annual年度的；每年的；n. annual年刊，年鉴
purchase vt. 购买 adj. purchasable可买的；可买到的；n. purchaser买方；购买者
cartoonist n. 漫画家 n. cartoon卡通片，[电影] 动画片；连环漫画；vi. cartoon画漫画
inclusion n. 包含 adj. inclusive包括的，包含的；vt. include包含，包括
conservation n. 保存；保护 adj. conservative保守的；vt. conserve保存；adv. conservatively谨慎地
set foot upon 踏上
be alive with 充满
at the hands of 出自某人之手, 由某人完成
a handful of 一把; 一小撮; 少数
take firm action to do 采取果断行动
be appointed 被任命为
go directly into 直接被应用于
be available for 有效;可供……利用
little wonder 一点也不奇怪
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived(survive).
It is vital that we act to stop the destruction (destruct)of the rainforests.
Some strange customs have survived (survive)from earlier times.
The company managed to survive (survive)the crisis.
The world generates annually (annual)1.3 billion tons of solid waste.
She was the last surviving (survive)member of the family.
What do we learn about McDonald's inclusion (include)of toys in its Happy Meals
Environmental conservation (conserve)has been a hot topic in recent years.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的词性和意义：
When will the information be made available adj. 可以了解的
The director was not available for comment. adj. 有空的
Many birds didn't survive the severe winter. v. 活下来，幸存
She survived her husband by ten years. v. 比…活的时间长
We were wondering about next April for the wedding. v. 想知道；想弄明白；琢磨
She wondered at her own stupidity. v. 感到诧异；非常惊讶
They have appointed a new head teacher at my son's school. v. 任命；委任
A date for the meeting is still to be appointed. v. 确定（时间、地点）
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1. In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.
分析： 此句为简单句，主句为“nation took firm action”，其中“with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act)”作伴随状语，“to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徒的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival”为目的状语。
翻译： 1934年，随着《候鸟捕猎邮票法》的通过，越来越受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，阻止对候鸟及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。
2. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.
分析： 此句为复合句，主句为“The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. ‘Ding’Darling”，同位语“a political cartoonist from Des Moines”，定语从句“who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.”。
翻译： “丁”达林，一个来自洛瓦州得梅因的政治漫画家，他当时被富兰克林罗斯福总统任命为生物调查局局长。
3. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.
分析： 主句为“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund”，其中不定式“to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System”作为目的状语。同位语从句“that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.”和“a fact”互为同位语。
翻译： 每枚鸭邮票中约98美分直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，纳入国家野生动物保护区系统——这一事实确保了这片土地将得到保护，并为子孙后代提供。
三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做完形填空题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在语篇下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者主要介绍第一次暑期打工的经历，从中他得到了深刻的体会，工作不易，同时也获得一些有益的经验。
1. C 根据第一段的意思可知，作者“我”的纳税工作生涯始于中学，那时“我”在一家烘焙厂工作了整整三天。显然此空表示在复活节时“我”朋友父亲的工厂就会做（make）小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
2. A 根据文章的意思，“我”朋友父亲的工厂会把生产的蛋糕送到Cleveland的所有商店（stores）去出售。
3. D 根据空后的“during our spring break”可知，春假是一个短暂的（temporary）工作。generous大多的，慷慨的；financial经济的；technical技术的，均不符合文章的意思。
4. A 根据此句的意思可知，在春假的时候，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我没有别的计划（plan）。problem问题；excuse借口，原谅；hobby爱好。故选A。
5. B 从前后的语境可判断出，“我”可以挣（earn）最低工资。
6. A 根据文章的语境，“我”将看看工厂是如何工作的（work）。
7. B 根据句子的意思，由于我父母觉得这是个好主意，就打电话给Betsy的爸爸，征得他们的同意（permission）。而ambition雄心；志气；抱负；experience经验；经历；invitation邀请，均不符合文章的意思。
8. C 根据下文的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.”等，可判断出，“我们”在工厂的任务（role）很简单。
9. D 根据前面的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.”可知，我们是在传送带上把小兔子蛋糕移开（remove）。其他选项均不符合文章的意思。
10. A 根据句子的意思，此处表示“这比听起来要艰难（harder）多了。”
11. B 根据下文的“the cakes pile up”表示“蛋糕就会堆起来”，显然这是由于速度慢下来的原因，故选B，意思是“慢下来”。而calm down平静下来；stay on继续；坚持；move on继续前进，均不符合文章的意思。
12. C 根据文章的意思，此处表示“比我所意料（expect）的有更多的压力”。
13. B 根据上文的意思，显然我的父亲会笑着（smile）告诉我一些道理。
14. D 根据句子的意思，此处表示杂货店老板的儿子在Bernardsville分送（deliver）食物。
15. D根据句子的意思，他告诉我，这种工作能让你珍惜（appreciate）自己赚的钱，并尊重那些做这些工作的人。而withdraw收回，撤退，撤消；donate捐赠；receive接到，收到，均不符合文章的语境。
词汇与句型积累：
1.as a tax-paying employed person作为一个纳税的雇员
2.high-pressure adj. 高压的；高强度的
3.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break, for which I had no plan beyond listening to my favorite records.for which
分析：that引导的主语从句中，有一个非限制性定语从句，for which相当于when引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词spring break。
翻译：在春假的时候，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我没有别的计划。
4.This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work
分析： that引导的定语从句修饰先行词work；who引导的定语从句修饰先行词those; 定语从句you earned省略关系代词that/which修饰先行词 the dollars.
翻译：这种工作能让你珍惜自己赚的钱，并尊重那些做这些工作的人。