备战2023近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发通用版课时卷（4）（含答案详解）
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备战2023近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发通用版课时卷（4）
课时作业编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
1. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
2. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels. C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels.
3. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions.
4. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He’s a news reporter. B. He’s on office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer. D. He’s a published writer.
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
distraction n. _____________ → vt. distract转移；分心 → adj. _____________心烦意乱的；思想不集中的
typically adv. _____________ → adj. _____________典型的；特有的；象征性的 → vt. typify代表；作为…的典型
layout n. _____________ ; → keyboard layout 键盘布局; → page layout 页面布局
participant n. _____________; → v. _____________参与，参加 → n. participation参与；分享；参股
randomly adv. _____________ → adj. _____________[数] 随机的；任意的；胡乱的
statistically adv. _____________ → adj. _____________统计的，统计学的
insignificant adj. _____________ → adj. _____________ 显著的；意义重大的
outperform vt. _____________ (out-,超过，perform,表现)
imagination n. _____________ → vi. imagine想像；猜想 → adj. imaginative_____________
interruption n. _____________ → vt. interrupt打断；中断 → adj. _____________中断的；被打断的；不规则的
be exposed to _____________
_____________ 对…做出反应
creative thinking ability _____________
normal patterns of thinking _____________
get drawn into _____________
block out _____________
_____________ 个人隐私
limited working space _____________
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
It suddenly _____________ (strike) me how we could improve the situation.
He was _____________ (typical) modest about his achievements.
I find it hard to work at home because there are too many _____________.(distract)
He has been an active _____________ (participate) in the discussion.
It _____________ (typical) takes a day or two, depending on size.
Our boss dislikes being overburdened with _____________ (insignificance) detail.
His _____________ (imagine) had been fired by the film.
The birth of her son was a minor _____________ (interrupt) to her career.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的意义：
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car._____________
She took two quick steps forward and struck him in the face._____________
He walked up to the penalty spot and struck the ball firmly into the back of the net. _____________
Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents. _____________
Don't talk to her—she's very easily distracted._____________
It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth._____________
She had seemed curiously distracted._____________
The weather at the moment is not typical for July._____________
It typically takes a day or two, depending on size._____________
It was typical of her to forget._____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence(Al)has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we're actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling
Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite.
What lies beneath UneeQ9s digital humans Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They're humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic(算法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively(直觉地)know how other humans react.
Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors(行业). "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO.
Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says.
Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "'Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals."
1. According to Para. 2, in what respect(s) do UneeQ9s "digital humans" resemble human beings
A. In the way they move around. B. In the way they act and react.
C. In observation and analysis. D. In speech and facial expressions.
2. Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it .
A. learns to make proper emotional responses B. tends to imitate human beings' tone vividly
C. recognizes the speech sounds it receives D. processes the natural language it hears
3. In Mohan's opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings
A. Calculating brain. B Language skills.
C. Instinctive judgments. D. Problem-solving ability.
4. What makes many sectors employ digital humans
A. The fear of falling behind in efficiency. B. The urgency to promote e-commerce.
C. The wish to spread digital technology. D. The need to upgrade the health care system.
5. What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings
A. It's well planned. B. It is promising.
C. It is uncertain. D. It's quite hopeless.
词汇与句型积累：
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备战2023近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发通用版课时卷（4）
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
本文为说明文，通过实验数据分析了办公室噪音对于办公效率的影响，协作办公有利于集中注意力，有利于创新思维，因此逐渐受到欢迎。
1. A 细节理解题。根据题干中的“prefer”定位在第一段第三句。根据“That’s why I have a membership at the co-working space across the street－so I can focus.”可知，采访者之所以成为合作办公空间的会员，是因为他认为这有助于他集中精力，故选A。
2. C 细节理解题。根据“the participants in the 70 decibels group－those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop－significantly outperformed the other groups”可知，70分贝测试组的参加者显然比其他测试组在创新思维测试方面成绩更好，而这个噪声水平与咖啡馆里的噪声背景相似。
3. D 推理判断题。根据题干中的“unwelcome”定位在第四段第一二句。根据“we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus”可知，在开放办公区，人们在努力集中精力办公的时候不断卷入其他人的交谈中，由此判断，他们的注意力不断受到干扰，故选D。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.”可知，作者曾出版过几本书，由此判断，他是一位出版作家，故选D。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
distraction n. 使人分心的事 vt. distract转移；分心 adj. distracted心烦意乱的；思想不集中的
typically adv. 典型地；代表性地 adj. typical典型的；特有的；象征性的 vt. typify代表；作为…的典型
layout n. 布局，安排 ; keyboard layout 键盘布局; page layout 页面布局
participant n. 参加者，参与者; v. participate参与，参加 n. participation参与；分享；参股
randomly adv. 随便地，未加计划地 adj. random[数] 随机的；任意的；胡乱的
statistically adv. 统计上地 adj. statistic统计的，统计学的
insignificant adj. 不重要的；毫无意义的 adj. significant 显著的；意义重大的
outperform vt. 做得比…更好，胜过 (out-,超过，perform,履行，表现)
imagination n. 想象（力）；创造力 vi. imagine想像；猜想 adj. imaginative虚构的；富于想像的；有创造力的
interruption n. 打断；打岔的事 vt. interrupt打断；中断 adj. interrupted中断的；被打断的；不规则的
be exposed to 暴露于；暴露在；面临
in response to 对…做出反应
creative thinking ability 创造性思维能力
normal patterns of thinking 正常思维模式
get drawn into 被吸引
block out 遮住；遮挡
personal privacy 个人隐私
limited working space 有限的工作空间
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
It suddenly struck (strike) me how we could improve the situation.
He was typically (typical) modest about his achievements.
I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions.(distract)
He has been an active participant (participate) in the discussion.
It typically (typical) takes a day or two, depending on size.
Our boss dislikes being overburdened with insignificant (insignificance) detail.
His imagination (imagine) had been fired by the film.
The birth of her son was a minor interruption (interrupt) to her career.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的意义：
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.撞击；碰撞
She took two quick steps forward and struck him in the face.打；击
He walked up to the penalty spot and struck the ball firmly into the back of the net. 踢（球等）
Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents. 罢工
Don't talk to her—she's very easily distracted.分散（思想）；使分心
It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth.转移（注意力）；分散（思想）
She had seemed curiously distracted.分心的; 心烦意乱的
The weather at the moment is not typical for July.典型的；有代表性的
It typically takes a day or two, depending on size.通常
It was typical of her to forget.特有的
D）长难句理解要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.分析：Since连接原因状语从句；that连接suggest的宾语从句；that much那么大，其中that是副词表示那么。
翻译：由于影响很小，这可能表明我们的创造性思维在对完全沉默和85分贝的背景噪音的回应中并没有太大的不同。
2.分析：however之后的并列句中的主语是the participants，谓语是outperformed；破折号之间短语补充说明70分贝中参与者所处的环境；形容词短语exposed to修饰代词those；形容词短语similar to修饰a level of noise。
翻译：大多数组之间的差异在统计学上并不显著；然而，70分贝组的参与者——那些暴露在类似于咖啡店背景聊天的噪音水平下的人——明显优于其他组。
3.分析：在that连接表语从句中，while连接时间状语从句。短语get drawn into 意为：被吸引。
翻译：问题可能在于，在我们的办公室里，当我们试图集中注意力的时候，我们无法阻止自己被别人的对话所吸引。
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
本文介绍许多科技公司正在推进、研发“数字人类”，并被很多部门使用。但一些科学家对此表示怀疑，并指出了“数字人类”并不是真正的人类，有很多缺陷。但前景还是很有希望的。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研发一种“数字人”，这种人在屏幕上看起来栩栩如生，不仅因为语言，还因为面部动作:眉毛扬起、微笑，甚至点头。）由此可知，根据第2段，UneeQ9s的“数字人”在言语和面部表情上方面与人类相似。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its “digital people”.”（与此同时，另一家Al公司，灵魂机器公司，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“fblt”和“表达”的情绪。）由此可知，灵魂机器的数字大脑是一项技术突破，因为它倾向于做出适当的情绪反应。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段“"They're humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.”（“他们的外表和声音都像人类，但这本身不是人类，”她说。“人类的品质还包括你如何思考、如何处理问题以及如何分解问题；这需要大量的算法设计。但他们的行为方式可能不同，人类只是本能地知道其他人的反应。”）由此判断出，在Mohan看来，数字人缺少本能的判断。故选C项。
4.细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）.Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的数字员工在金融、医疗和商业行业的使用率很高。除非这些行业将它们的商业模式数字化得更高效，否则它们可能会被甩在后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后让许多行业使用“数字人类”。故选A项。
5.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed.”（Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度，但她支持这些数字生物背后的目的，并对他们的未来持乐观态度）由此判断出，Mohan数字人的未来是有希望的。故选B项。
词汇与句型积累：
fictional adj. 虚构的
indistinguishable adj. 难区分的，不能分辨的
recognition n. 认识，识别；承认；赞赏
processing n. 处理；审阅；审核
imitate vt. 模仿，效仿；仿造，伪造
humanlike adj. 似人类的
involve v. 包含，涉及；（使）加入
adoption n. 收养，领养；采用
platform n. 讲台；论坛
popularize vt. 使受欢迎；普及；使流行
what if 要是...会怎么样呢？
is capable of 能够做某事
heading for 前往
are modeled on 根据......仿照
work out 解决
is skeptical of 怀疑...
in their looks 在外表上
approach problems 处理问题，解决问题
have high expectations of 对…有很高的期望
left behind 落后，被扔到后面
is cautious about 谨慎对待某事
is optimistic about 对某事乐观
is designed to 的目的是，旨在做某事
Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
分析：that连接定语从句，修饰先行词approach。
翻译：与此同时，艾尔集团的另一家公司Soul Machines正在采用一种更生物学的方法，采用“数字大脑”，模仿人类大脑的各个方面，以调整“fblt”和“表达”其“数字人”的情绪。
课时作业编辑说明
在语篇阅读中，宁做反刍的牛，不做贪吃的鱼。缺乏主动钻研的阅读，表现为“走马观花”，没有思维深度地刷题，用身体的疲惫掩盖思维的惰性，达不到“滴水穿石”的效果。有效的阅读需要学生有较高的专注度和自制力，有效的阅读过程就是提高认知重塑心智的过程。所以，阅读中要避免“猴子掰苞米”式的刷题，阅读之后需要及时回顾语篇的主旨、及时巩固语篇中的重点词汇句型等，力求完美收官。
本系列课时作业，通过再开发近三年的高考英语真题，引导学生对语篇进行限时阅读和精深理解，以追求阅读的速度和理解的深度。每个课时分为三个步骤展开，对学生进行“纠偏式”训练，第一步完成“考场式”快速阅读，第二步进行“精读式”精深理解，第三步开展模仿训练。引导学生阅读之后突出重点单词、词块在语境中的精准理解和拓展应用，以及长难句结构分析和翻译，培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练学生有效处理语篇的能力，在语境中积累基础知识，提高语篇阅读的有效性。
第一步. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注选择答案的依据。
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
1. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
2. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels. C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels.
3. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions.
4. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He’s a news reporter. B. He’s on office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer. D. He’s a published writer.
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
distraction n. _____________ → vt. distract转移；分心 → adj. _____________心烦意乱的；思想不集中的
typically adv. _____________ → adj. _____________典型的；特有的；象征性的 → vt. typify代表；作为…的典型
layout n. _____________ ; → keyboard layout 键盘布局; → page layout 页面布局
participant n. _____________; → v. _____________参与，参加 → n. participation参与；分享；参股
randomly adv. _____________ → adj. _____________[数] 随机的；任意的；胡乱的
statistically adv. _____________ → adj. _____________统计的，统计学的
insignificant adj. _____________ → adj. _____________ 显著的；意义重大的
outperform vt. _____________ (out-,超过，perform,表现)
imagination n. _____________ → vi. imagine想像；猜想 → adj. imaginative_____________
interruption n. _____________ → vt. interrupt打断；中断 → adj. _____________中断的；被打断的；不规则的
be exposed to _____________
_____________ 对…做出反应
creative thinking ability _____________
normal patterns of thinking _____________
get drawn into _____________
block out _____________
_____________ 个人隐私
limited working space _____________
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
It suddenly _____________ (strike) me how we could improve the situation.
He was _____________ (typical) modest about his achievements.
I find it hard to work at home because there are too many _____________.(distract)
He has been an active _____________ (participate) in the discussion.
It _____________ (typical) takes a day or two, depending on size.
Our boss dislikes being overburdened with _____________ (insignificance) detail.
His _____________ (imagine) had been fired by the film.
The birth of her son was a minor _____________ (interrupt) to her career.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的意义：
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car._____________
She took two quick steps forward and struck him in the face._____________
He walked up to the penalty spot and struck the ball firmly into the back of the net. _____________
Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents. _____________
Don't talk to her—she's very easily distracted._____________
It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth._____________
She had seemed curiously distracted._____________
The weather at the moment is not typical for July._____________
It typically takes a day or two, depending on size._____________
It was typical of her to forget._____________
D）长难句理解：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.
分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence(Al)has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we're actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling
Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite.
What lies beneath UneeQ9s digital humans Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They're humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic(算法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively(直觉地)know how other humans react.
Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors(行业). "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO.
Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says.
Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "'Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals."
1. According to Para. 2, in what respect(s) do UneeQ9s "digital humans" resemble human beings
A. In the way they move around. B. In the way they act and react.
C. In observation and analysis. D. In speech and facial expressions.
2. Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it .
A. learns to make proper emotional responses B. tends to imitate human beings' tone vividly
C. recognizes the speech sounds it receives D. processes the natural language it hears
3. In Mohan's opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings
A. Calculating brain. B Language skills.
C. Instinctive judgments. D. Problem-solving ability.
4. What makes many sectors employ digital humans
A. The fear of falling behind in efficiency. B. The urgency to promote e-commerce.
C. The wish to spread digital technology. D. The need to upgrade the health care system.
5. What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings
A. It's well planned. B. It is promising.
C. It is uncertain. D. It's quite hopeless.
词汇与句型积累：
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备战2023近三年2020-2022年高考英语试题再开发通用版课时卷（4）
参考答案
第一步 语篇解析：
本文为说明文，通过实验数据分析了办公室噪音对于办公效率的影响，协作办公有利于集中注意力，有利于创新思维，因此逐渐受到欢迎。
1. A 细节理解题。根据题干中的“prefer”定位在第一段第三句。根据“That’s why I have a membership at the co-working space across the street－so I can focus.”可知，采访者之所以成为合作办公空间的会员，是因为他认为这有助于他集中精力，故选A。
2. C 细节理解题。根据“the participants in the 70 decibels group－those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop－significantly outperformed the other groups”可知，70分贝测试组的参加者显然比其他测试组在创新思维测试方面成绩更好，而这个噪声水平与咖啡馆里的噪声背景相似。
3. D 推理判断题。根据题干中的“unwelcome”定位在第四段第一二句。根据“we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus”可知，在开放办公区，人们在努力集中精力办公的时候不断卷入其他人的交谈中，由此判断，他们的注意力不断受到干扰，故选D。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.”可知，作者曾出版过几本书，由此判断，他是一位出版作家，故选D。
第二步. 精深语篇
A）请写出下列词语在语篇中的含义、派生词、近义词(组)，或根据汉语写英语：
distraction n. 使人分心的事 vt. distract转移；分心 adj. distracted心烦意乱的；思想不集中的
typically adv. 典型地；代表性地 adj. typical典型的；特有的；象征性的 vt. typify代表；作为…的典型
layout n. 布局，安排 ; keyboard layout 键盘布局; page layout 页面布局
participant n. 参加者，参与者; v. participate参与，参加 n. participation参与；分享；参股
randomly adv. 随便地，未加计划地 adj. random[数] 随机的；任意的；胡乱的
statistically adv. 统计上地 adj. statistic统计的，统计学的
insignificant adj. 不重要的；毫无意义的 adj. significant 显著的；意义重大的
outperform vt. 做得比…更好，胜过 (out-,超过，perform,履行，表现)
imagination n. 想象（力）；创造力 vi. imagine想像；猜想 adj. imaginative虚构的；富于想像的；有创造力的
interruption n. 打断；打岔的事 vt. interrupt打断；中断 adj. interrupted中断的；被打断的；不规则的
be exposed to 暴露于；暴露在；面临
in response to 对…做出反应
creative thinking ability 创造性思维能力
normal patterns of thinking 正常思维模式
get drawn into 被吸引
block out 遮住；遮挡
personal privacy 个人隐私
limited working space 有限的工作空间
B）请阅读下面各句，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
It suddenly struck (strike) me how we could improve the situation.
He was typically (typical) modest about his achievements.
I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions.(distract)
He has been an active participant (participate) in the discussion.
It typically (typical) takes a day or two, depending on size.
Our boss dislikes being overburdened with insignificant (insignificance) detail.
His imagination (imagine) had been fired by the film.
The birth of her son was a minor interruption (interrupt) to her career.
C）请写出下列句中划线单词的意义：
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.撞击；碰撞
She took two quick steps forward and struck him in the face.打；击
He walked up to the penalty spot and struck the ball firmly into the back of the net. 踢（球等）
Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents. 罢工
Don't talk to her—she's very easily distracted.分散（思想）；使分心
It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth.转移（注意力）；分散（思想）
She had seemed curiously distracted.分心的; 心烦意乱的
The weather at the moment is not typical for July.典型的；有代表性的
It typically takes a day or two, depending on size.通常
It was typical of her to forget.特有的
D）长难句理解要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子
1.分析：Since连接原因状语从句；that连接suggest的宾语从句；that much那么大，其中that是副词表示那么。
翻译：由于影响很小，这可能表明我们的创造性思维在对完全沉默和85分贝的背景噪音的回应中并没有太大的不同。
2.分析：however之后的并列句中的主语是the participants，谓语是outperformed；破折号之间短语补充说明70分贝中参与者所处的环境；形容词短语exposed to修饰代词those；形容词短语similar to修饰a level of noise。
翻译：大多数组之间的差异在统计学上并不显著；然而，70分贝组的参与者——那些暴露在类似于咖啡店背景聊天的噪音水平下的人——明显优于其他组。
3.分析：在that连接表语从句中，while连接时间状语从句。短语get drawn into 意为：被吸引。
翻译：问题可能在于，在我们的办公室里，当我们试图集中注意力的时候，我们无法阻止自己被别人的对话所吸引。
第三步. 模仿训练
步骤: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点词汇与句型，并整理在下面的线格处; 3.分析长难句。
本文介绍许多科技公司正在推进、研发“数字人类”，并被很多部门使用。但一些科学家对此表示怀疑，并指出了“数字人类”并不是真正的人类，有很多缺陷。但前景还是很有希望的。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研发一种“数字人”，这种人在屏幕上看起来栩栩如生，不仅因为语言，还因为面部动作:眉毛扬起、微笑，甚至点头。）由此可知，根据第2段，UneeQ9s的“数字人”在言语和面部表情上方面与人类相似。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its “digital people”.”（与此同时，另一家Al公司，灵魂机器公司，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“fblt”和“表达”的情绪。）由此可知，灵魂机器的数字大脑是一项技术突破，因为它倾向于做出适当的情绪反应。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段“"They're humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.”（“他们的外表和声音都像人类，但这本身不是人类，”她说。“人类的品质还包括你如何思考、如何处理问题以及如何分解问题；这需要大量的算法设计。但他们的行为方式可能不同，人类只是本能地知道其他人的反应。”）由此判断出，在Mohan看来，数字人缺少本能的判断。故选C项。
4.细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）.Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的数字员工在金融、医疗和商业行业的使用率很高。除非这些行业将它们的商业模式数字化得更高效，否则它们可能会被甩在后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后让许多行业使用“数字人类”。故选A项。
5.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed.”（Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度，但她支持这些数字生物背后的目的，并对他们的未来持乐观态度）由此判断出，Mohan数字人的未来是有希望的。故选B项。
词汇与句型积累：
fictional adj. 虚构的
indistinguishable adj. 难区分的，不能分辨的
recognition n. 认识，识别；承认；赞赏
processing n. 处理；审阅；审核
imitate vt. 模仿，效仿；仿造，伪造
humanlike adj. 似人类的
involve v. 包含，涉及；（使）加入
adoption n. 收养，领养；采用
platform n. 讲台；论坛
popularize vt. 使受欢迎；普及；使流行
what if 要是...会怎么样呢？
is capable of 能够做某事
heading for 前往
are modeled on 根据......仿照
work out 解决
is skeptical of 怀疑...
in their looks 在外表上
approach problems 处理问题，解决问题
have high expectations of 对…有很高的期望
left behind 落后，被扔到后面
is cautious about 谨慎对待某事
is optimistic about 对某事乐观
is designed to 的目的是，旨在做某事
Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
分析：that连接定语从句，修饰先行词approach。
翻译：与此同时，艾尔集团的另一家公司Soul Machines正在采用一种更生物学的方法，采用“数字大脑”，模仿人类大脑的各个方面，以调整“fblt”和“表达”其“数字人”的情绪。
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