2023届高三英语一轮复习状语从句课件（34张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语一轮复习状语从句课件（34张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-03 08:22:59 | ||
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(共34张PPT)
状语从句
什么是状语？
状语是修饰动词、 形容词、 副词等的句子成分。
说明时间、 地点、 原因、 目的、 结果、 条件等。
可作状语的有： 名词、 副词、 介词短语、形容词、 不定式短语和从句等
（副词）
1. He speaks English well.
状语
2. He is very smart.
状语
3. He goes to school by bike.
状语
（介词短语）
（副词）
什么是状语？
4. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day.
5. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.
6. Just because I don’t complain, people think I’m satisfied.
状语
状语
状语
（不定式）
（分词）
（句子）
什么是从句？
必须符合“从句的三个必须”
必须是句子； 必须有连接词； 必须是陈述句
什么是状语从句？
用一个句子充当状语成分， 那个句子就是状语从句。
I get up at six .
when it is dark .
I get up at school.
where I study.
状语从句同副词， 介词词组等作状语一样， 用于修饰谓语， 说明谓语动作的时间， 地点， 方式， 手段， 条件， 程度， 比较， 原因， 目的，结果等
1 . I get up at 6:00 2. It is dark
3. I get up when it is dark
状语从句分类
时间状语从句
Scarcely ……when
考点1 when
was doing ... when..., was about to do ... when ...句型中，when表“这时，突然...”
我们正要动身，突然天下起雨来。
We were about to start when it began to rain.
他们正在上课，这时一阵电话铃声响起。
They were having a class, when a phone rang.
主将从现
他回来时，我会告诉你。
I will tell you when he comes back.
考点2 while
表＂在某一段时间里＂或＂在……期间＂，引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生; (when表同时、先后皆可)
我可以边工作边学习。
I can learn while I work.
妈妈煮饭时，我在书房做作业。
Mom was cooking while I was doing my homework in the study.
考点3 as
表＂一边……，一边……＂或＂随着……＂，侧重表示和主句和从句的动作交替发生
她梳头时我们在吃早饭。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. （while）
随着寒假来临，车站开始变得拥挤。
As the winter vacation approaches, the stations get crowded.
考点4 倒装句
hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是＂刚……就＂，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。
hardly/barely/scarcely和no sooner置于句首时，从句要倒装。
警察刚把她带回来，她就从窗户再次逃跑了。
No sooner had the police brought her back than she escaped again through the window.
考点5 before
It was not long before... 不久就
It was long before... 很久才
不久他就回到北京。
It was not long before he returned to Beijing.
过了很久他才通过驾考。
It was long before he pass the driving test.
考点6 since
“since + 过去时” 与现在完成时连用。
大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
We’ve never met since we graduated from the college.
你走了以后，这里发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have taken place since you left.
考点7 until/till（同义，till-非正式文体）
not ... until ... “直到...才...”
等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
I won’t go with you until(till) I finished my homework.
not until 放句首，主句倒装
直到凌晨4点他才睡着。
Not until 4:00 in the morning can he fall asleep.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
2) 地点状从
①Where there is a will, there is a way.
② Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
在任何有有烟的地方，一定有一堆火。=无风不起浪。
写作技巧：在写作中，我们可以化用套用句式而不是简单的引用原句。比如在一场地震中，一方有难八方支援，人间有真情人间有大爱。我们可以说：
Where there is love, there is hope.
哪里有爱，哪里就有希望。
表示＂在（或到）……的地方＂
意为＂在（或到）……的各个地方＂
3) 原因状从
①—Why are you late —Because I missed the early bus.
—你为什么迟到？ —因为我没赶上早班车。
②Since/Now that everyone is here, let's begin.
既然大家都来了（大家都知道的事实，显而易见的原因），让我们开始吧。
注：表因为的短语，to和of介词后加名词不能连接句子。
3 to： thanks to, owning to, due to
3 of: because of, as a result of, on account of
考点1 as
理由在说话人看来已经很明显，或听话人所熟悉，
通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱，从句多位于主句之前
我不认识路，因而问警察。
As I didn’t know the way，I asked a policeman.
由于在下雪，我们不去爬山了。
As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain.
考点2 since
表示人们已知的事实，无需强调的原因, 表“既然”，近似now that，从句多在主句前。
你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮忙。
Since you won’t help me，I’ll ask someone else.
既然乘飞机旅行快得多，他们就决定坐飞机。
Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane.
你既已考试合格，就可以独自开车了。
Now(that) you’ve passed your test you can drive on your own.
4) 结果状从
从属连词：so
名词词组：as a result
副词：therefore, thus,
句型：so that, so...that, such...that, such that
考点1 so that
既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。
从句前有逗号，一般为结果状语从句; 如果从句中有情态动词，通常则为目的状语从句。
They started out early, so that they didn’t miss the train.
They started out early so that they would not miss the train.
结果
目的
考点2 so ... that 和 such ... that
so后面接形容词或副词;
such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词(单/复/不可数)
教授讲了个很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的学生都笑了起来。
The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed.
考点3 so ... that / such ... that 部分倒装
so+形容词或副词放句首;
such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词(单/复/不可数)放句首
这个故事如此感人，以致于大部分观众都流泪。
So moving was this story that most of the audience shed tears.
这只熊猫如此聪明以致于专家都对他感兴趣。
Such a smart panda is it that the reseachers are quite interested in it.
such/ so:such修饰名词或名词词组; so 修饰形容词或副词：
1)such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词 such a clever boy
2)such＋adj.＋复数可数名词: such interesting books
3)such＋adj.＋不可数名词: such great progress
1)so+adj.+a(an)+单数可数名词 so clever a boy
2)so+adj./adv. so beautiful
so 与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，组成固定搭配。
当little意为“小”时，修饰名词时须用such，而不用so。 such little children
名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so，little属特殊，“小”用such，“少”用so
5）目的状语
Take an umbrella in case it rains.
I take an umbrella so that(= in order that ) I won’t get wet in the rain.
(PS: I took an umbrella, so that I did not get wet in the rain. )
考点：不与so...that混淆
词组：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case
6) 方式状语从句
① Do the homework as the teacher told you.
按照老师告诉你的（方式）去做作业。
②He talks as if/ though he were the chairman.
他说起话来（的方式）就像自己是主席一样。
考点: as if +虚拟语气
7) 比较状语从句
①He forgets faster than he learns.
他忘的比学的快。
②He forgets as fast as he learns.
他忘的跟学的一样快。（先有比较才知道一样）
考点: 同级比较；倍数表达
8) 条件状语从句
①如果你许诺按时归还，我可以借给你我的车。
注意：unless=if not
我不会借给你我的车除非你许诺按时归还。
我不会借给你我的车如果你不许诺按时归还。
If you promise to return it on time, I can lend you my car.
I won't lend you my car unless you promise to return on time.
I won't lend you my favorite book if you don’t promise to return on time.
② I will lend you my car on condition that you promise to return on time.
③ 只要你许诺按时归还，我可以借给你我的车
I will lend you my car on as long as you promise to return on time.
我可以借给你我的车条件是你许诺按时归还。
从属连词：if, only if, unless
词组：as/so long as, on condition that, in case
考点1 if
真实条件(主将从现)、虚拟条件
如果天气允许，我们要去露营。
If weather permits, we will go camping.
如果世界上没有空气，任何动物都无法生存。
If there were no air, no species would survive.
考点2 unless
否定的条件句，相当于if not ...
你会迟到的，如果不赶快的话。
You’ll be late unless you hurry.
如果你不说实话，没人能帮你。
No one could help you unless you tell the truth.
9) 让步状语从句
① 尽管他岁数大了，他坚持学习。
Although/Though/While/Even though(if) he is old, he keeps learning.
② Whichever way you choose, wherever you go, whatever you do, whoever you love, however you hate me, whenever you come back, I will wait for you here.
无论你选择那一条路，无论你去向何方，无论你做了什么，无论你爱上谁，无论你多讨厌我，无论你何时归来，我都将在这等着你。
考点: though/although不与but连用；
as引导的让步状语从句倒装
感谢倾听
状语从句
什么是状语？
状语是修饰动词、 形容词、 副词等的句子成分。
说明时间、 地点、 原因、 目的、 结果、 条件等。
可作状语的有： 名词、 副词、 介词短语、形容词、 不定式短语和从句等
（副词）
1. He speaks English well.
状语
2. He is very smart.
状语
3. He goes to school by bike.
状语
（介词短语）
（副词）
什么是状语？
4. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day.
5. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.
6. Just because I don’t complain, people think I’m satisfied.
状语
状语
状语
（不定式）
（分词）
（句子）
什么是从句？
必须符合“从句的三个必须”
必须是句子； 必须有连接词； 必须是陈述句
什么是状语从句？
用一个句子充当状语成分， 那个句子就是状语从句。
I get up at six .
when it is dark .
I get up at school.
where I study.
状语从句同副词， 介词词组等作状语一样， 用于修饰谓语， 说明谓语动作的时间， 地点， 方式， 手段， 条件， 程度， 比较， 原因， 目的，结果等
1 . I get up at 6:00 2. It is dark
3. I get up when it is dark
状语从句分类
时间状语从句
Scarcely ……when
考点1 when
was doing ... when..., was about to do ... when ...句型中，when表“这时，突然...”
我们正要动身，突然天下起雨来。
We were about to start when it began to rain.
他们正在上课，这时一阵电话铃声响起。
They were having a class, when a phone rang.
主将从现
他回来时，我会告诉你。
I will tell you when he comes back.
考点2 while
表＂在某一段时间里＂或＂在……期间＂，引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生; (when表同时、先后皆可)
我可以边工作边学习。
I can learn while I work.
妈妈煮饭时，我在书房做作业。
Mom was cooking while I was doing my homework in the study.
考点3 as
表＂一边……，一边……＂或＂随着……＂，侧重表示和主句和从句的动作交替发生
她梳头时我们在吃早饭。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. （while）
随着寒假来临，车站开始变得拥挤。
As the winter vacation approaches, the stations get crowded.
考点4 倒装句
hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是＂刚……就＂，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。
hardly/barely/scarcely和no sooner置于句首时，从句要倒装。
警察刚把她带回来，她就从窗户再次逃跑了。
No sooner had the police brought her back than she escaped again through the window.
考点5 before
It was not long before... 不久就
It was long before... 很久才
不久他就回到北京。
It was not long before he returned to Beijing.
过了很久他才通过驾考。
It was long before he pass the driving test.
考点6 since
“since + 过去时” 与现在完成时连用。
大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
We’ve never met since we graduated from the college.
你走了以后，这里发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have taken place since you left.
考点7 until/till（同义，till-非正式文体）
not ... until ... “直到...才...”
等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
I won’t go with you until(till) I finished my homework.
not until 放句首，主句倒装
直到凌晨4点他才睡着。
Not until 4:00 in the morning can he fall asleep.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
2) 地点状从
①Where there is a will, there is a way.
② Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
在任何有有烟的地方，一定有一堆火。=无风不起浪。
写作技巧：在写作中，我们可以化用套用句式而不是简单的引用原句。比如在一场地震中，一方有难八方支援，人间有真情人间有大爱。我们可以说：
Where there is love, there is hope.
哪里有爱，哪里就有希望。
表示＂在（或到）……的地方＂
意为＂在（或到）……的各个地方＂
3) 原因状从
①—Why are you late —Because I missed the early bus.
—你为什么迟到？ —因为我没赶上早班车。
②Since/Now that everyone is here, let's begin.
既然大家都来了（大家都知道的事实，显而易见的原因），让我们开始吧。
注：表因为的短语，to和of介词后加名词不能连接句子。
3 to： thanks to, owning to, due to
3 of: because of, as a result of, on account of
考点1 as
理由在说话人看来已经很明显，或听话人所熟悉，
通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱，从句多位于主句之前
我不认识路，因而问警察。
As I didn’t know the way，I asked a policeman.
由于在下雪，我们不去爬山了。
As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain.
考点2 since
表示人们已知的事实，无需强调的原因, 表“既然”，近似now that，从句多在主句前。
你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮忙。
Since you won’t help me，I’ll ask someone else.
既然乘飞机旅行快得多，他们就决定坐飞机。
Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane.
你既已考试合格，就可以独自开车了。
Now(that) you’ve passed your test you can drive on your own.
4) 结果状从
从属连词：so
名词词组：as a result
副词：therefore, thus,
句型：so that, so...that, such...that, such that
考点1 so that
既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。
从句前有逗号，一般为结果状语从句; 如果从句中有情态动词，通常则为目的状语从句。
They started out early, so that they didn’t miss the train.
They started out early so that they would not miss the train.
结果
目的
考点2 so ... that 和 such ... that
so后面接形容词或副词;
such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词(单/复/不可数)
教授讲了个很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的学生都笑了起来。
The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed.
考点3 so ... that / such ... that 部分倒装
so+形容词或副词放句首;
such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词(单/复/不可数)放句首
这个故事如此感人，以致于大部分观众都流泪。
So moving was this story that most of the audience shed tears.
这只熊猫如此聪明以致于专家都对他感兴趣。
Such a smart panda is it that the reseachers are quite interested in it.
such/ so:such修饰名词或名词词组; so 修饰形容词或副词：
1)such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词 such a clever boy
2)such＋adj.＋复数可数名词: such interesting books
3)such＋adj.＋不可数名词: such great progress
1)so+adj.+a(an)+单数可数名词 so clever a boy
2)so+adj./adv. so beautiful
so 与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，组成固定搭配。
当little意为“小”时，修饰名词时须用such，而不用so。 such little children
名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so，little属特殊，“小”用such，“少”用so
5）目的状语
Take an umbrella in case it rains.
I take an umbrella so that(= in order that ) I won’t get wet in the rain.
(PS: I took an umbrella, so that I did not get wet in the rain. )
考点：不与so...that混淆
词组：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case
6) 方式状语从句
① Do the homework as the teacher told you.
按照老师告诉你的（方式）去做作业。
②He talks as if/ though he were the chairman.
他说起话来（的方式）就像自己是主席一样。
考点: as if +虚拟语气
7) 比较状语从句
①He forgets faster than he learns.
他忘的比学的快。
②He forgets as fast as he learns.
他忘的跟学的一样快。（先有比较才知道一样）
考点: 同级比较；倍数表达
8) 条件状语从句
①如果你许诺按时归还，我可以借给你我的车。
注意：unless=if not
我不会借给你我的车除非你许诺按时归还。
我不会借给你我的车如果你不许诺按时归还。
If you promise to return it on time, I can lend you my car.
I won't lend you my car unless you promise to return on time.
I won't lend you my favorite book if you don’t promise to return on time.
② I will lend you my car on condition that you promise to return on time.
③ 只要你许诺按时归还，我可以借给你我的车
I will lend you my car on as long as you promise to return on time.
我可以借给你我的车条件是你许诺按时归还。
从属连词：if, only if, unless
词组：as/so long as, on condition that, in case
考点1 if
真实条件(主将从现)、虚拟条件
如果天气允许，我们要去露营。
If weather permits, we will go camping.
如果世界上没有空气，任何动物都无法生存。
If there were no air, no species would survive.
考点2 unless
否定的条件句，相当于if not ...
你会迟到的，如果不赶快的话。
You’ll be late unless you hurry.
如果你不说实话，没人能帮你。
No one could help you unless you tell the truth.
9) 让步状语从句
① 尽管他岁数大了，他坚持学习。
Although/Though/While/Even though(if) he is old, he keeps learning.
② Whichever way you choose, wherever you go, whatever you do, whoever you love, however you hate me, whenever you come back, I will wait for you here.
无论你选择那一条路，无论你去向何方，无论你做了什么，无论你爱上谁，无论你多讨厌我，无论你何时归来，我都将在这等着你。
考点: though/although不与but连用；
as引导的让步状语从句倒装
感谢倾听