★绝密考试结束前 2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（三）
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. Jim. B. Carol. C. Paul. D. The bakery.
2. A. 9 :00. B.8:20. C.8:50. D.8:30.
3. A. She'd like to have the windows open B.The air conditioner is on
C. The air is polluted. D. The windows are already open
4. A. In an airport. B. In a railroad station.
C. In a restaurant. D. In a hotel room.
5. A.Bad-looking. B.Unattractive. C. Nice. D.Old-fashioned.
6. A. The man will pay for the painting. B. The woman can’t afford the painting
C. The painting costs 20 dollars. D. The painting is not beautiful
7. A. The game lasts too long B. He is very hungry
C. The game is boring. D. He's afraid he's dying
8. A. He is not likely to do the job well. B. He will get a better job after school
C. He can run faster than the editor D. He will make a good editor.
9. A. Football is her favorite sport. B. The game has been canceled.
C. Her team played very badly. D. She's got a cold.
10. A. He doesn't like history B.He must read a lot of books.
C. He can't get the books on the list. D. He doesn't have time to take the course.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A.Many people are shy in social situations. B.Most people are shy by nature.
C.Your shyness won't hurt others. D. Shyness is difficult to overcome
12. A By prediction. B. By recording.
C. By observation. D. By examination.
13. A. To share ideas with others. B. To make friends.
C. To test people's intelligence. D. To measure shyness.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14. A. Art history class is taught in lecture hall.
B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom.
C. Professors teach through real world experiences.
D. Students appreciate classroom learning.
15. A. To support his point of view. B. To praise the professor.
C. To advise us to study psychology. D. To praise his friend.
16. A. Leaning through experience is important. B.Students lean a lot from textbooks.
C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks. D. Students get firsthand information by observation.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A.She preferred home-stay families. B. Her aunt needed the room for her cousin.
C. She didn't like her cousin. D. Her aunt didn't like her.
18. A. Eighteen months. B.Twelve months.
C. Six months. D. Fifteen months.
19.A. General English. B. Academic English.
C. Medicine. D. Medical English.
20.A. The seventh of September. B. The fifth of September.
C. The seventh of October. D. The fifth of October.
备注：听力文字稿附在文档末尾
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Whether in the workplace or on the football field, effective teamwork can produce amazing results. However, ____21____(work) successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem. Effective teamwork certainly does not just happen automatically; it takes a great deal of hard work and compromise. There are a number of factors ____22____must be in place to make a good team.
Effective leadership is one of the most important factors of good teamwork. The team’s leader should possess the skills ____23____(create) a positive working environment and motivate and inspire the team members to take a positive approach to work and be committed. An effective team leader will promote a high level of spirit and make them feel ____24____(value).
Communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal relationship and especially that of a team. Team members must be able to express their feelings, share ideas and see each other’s opinions.
Conflicts will arise ____25____ well a team functions together. The best way to deal with conflicts is to have some organized methods of handling conflicts. Team members should be able to voice their concerns ____26____ fear of offending others. Instead of avoiding conflict issues, a practical approach that ____27____(settle) them quickly is much better. It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and try to remain objective if possible.
The team leader ____28____ set a good example to create good teamwork. In order to keep team members positive and motivated, the team leader ____29____ needs to show these qualities. The team turns to the leader for support and guidance. So any negative words or behaviors on the leader’s part can be disastrous.
Regardless of ____30____ type of work you are in, knowing how to effectively work on and with a team is going to be extremely important to your success and that of your team.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. tempting B. truly C. sensible D.inflation E. implement F. innovation G. regulators H.liberalizing I.excessive J. leaves K. imposes
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession---with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as ____31____ . The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, ____32____ ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.
There are many reasons for this. One is the ____33____ costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This ____34____ today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. ____35____ ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to ____36____ them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is ____37____ a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm, which keeps fees high and ____38____ slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the ____39____ insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started _____40_____ their legal professions. America should follow.
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Every minute, every single day, the equivalent of a truckload of plastic enters our oceans. In the name of profit and convenience, corporations are literally choking(塞满) our planet with a substance that does not just “___41___” when we toss it into a bin. Since the 1950s, some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide, and to date, only 9% of that has been recycled. Our oceans bear the brunt(受主要冲击) of plastics epidemic—up to 12.7m tons of plastic end up in them every year.
Just over a decade ago, I launched the Story of Stuff to help shine a light on the ways we ___42___, use and dispose of the stuff in our lives. The Story of Stuff is inextricably(不可逃避的) linked to the story of plastics—the packaging that goes along with those endless ___43___. We buy a soda, sip it for a few minutes, and toss its ___44___ packaging “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, and throw their packaging “away”.
The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day. But here’s the ___45___—there is no “away”. As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear. Chances are, it ___46___ polluting our communities, oceans or waterways in some form.
For years, we’ve been ___47___ that the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through better individual action. We’re told that if we ___48___ recycle, we’re doing our part. We’re told that if we drink from a reusable bottle, we’re making enough of a ___49___. But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.
Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans; we have to get to the ___50___ of the problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start ___51___. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. In many ways, our plastics problem is no different.
___52___, we need corporations—those like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestlé that continue to mass-produce throwaway plastic bottles, cups, and straws—to step up and show real ___53___ for the mess they’ve created. Drink companies produce over 500bn single-use plastic bottles annually; there is no way that we can recycle our way out of a problem of that scale.
Bag, cup and straw bans like those in Morocco, Iceland, Vancouver and some US cities are a great start, but also not enough. And while clean-up efforts are ___54___ in addressing litter problems, they can’t begin to touch the problems created by microplastics.
Not long ago, we existed in a world without throwaway plastic, and we can thrive that way again. The world’s largest corporations—with all their profits and innovation labs—are well ___55___ to help move us beyond single-use plastics. All over the world people are already innovating toward solutions that focus on reusing and reducing plastics. It’s time to accelerate this process and move beyond half measures and baby steps.
41. A. pass by B. go away C. give in D. turn around
42. A. produce B. pursue C. consume D. clear
43. A. desires B. purchases C. profits D. varieties
44. A. needless B. attractive C. complete D. permanent
45. A. significance B. relief C. instance D. challenge
46. A. originates from B. ends up C. relates to D. goes beyond
47. A. thrilled B. frustrated C. convinced D. concerned
48. A. skillfully B. randomly C. simply D. precisely
49. A. difference B. proposal C. discovery D. choice
50. A. complexity B. analysis C. presence D. source
51. A. mopping B. screaming C. complaining D. regretting
52. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore
53. A. enthusiasm B. responsibility C. preference D. demand
54. A. inadequate B. helpful C. voluntary D. fruitless
55. A. educated B. acknowledged C. established D. positioned
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Today’s students have a problem. They were born into a world where technology, smartphones, and immediate access to the Internet are hurting their ability to focus and changing the way they think.
Now teachers have a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking regular breaks. Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students
A common idea among teachers is that short is good. When students can’t seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply hack lessons into smaller patterns. In fact, students need time to engage with a topic once the teacher introduces it before moving on. Switching between small lessons too quickly could rob them of valuable comprehension.
There are also teachers who begin classes with meditation exercises to help their students focus. However, it turns out that any sort of “tech breaks” could counteract strong desires to multi task.
A 2018 study found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books. They prefer video as a source of information second only to teachers. Therefore, some tech-forward teachers choose platforms such as YouTube and Instagram. Asha Choksi, vice-president of global research at Pearson, gives the example of a teacher who films himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to illustrate material in the textbook, which can seem boring to students.
Still, while those educators are embracing technology in the classroom to meet student’s needs, they also find value in traditional methods, and so suggest a “blended learning” approach. Direct instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be favored only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.
Digital natives will continue to eagerly adopt new media. Teachers have no choice but to evolve. They are making an effort not only to ensure that students can take advantage of new technologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them think in a world constantly trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they could code; it was because they could think.
56. What is the best title of this passage
A. Students’ Distracting from a Digital World.
B. Teachers’ Learning for a Distracted Generation.
C. Students’ Learning for a Digital World.
D. Education’s Evolving for a Distracted Generation.
57. According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT TRUE
A. Teachers adopt short lectures, small lessons, which could be hard to understand sometimes.
B. Teachers employ meditation exercises to help students concentrate on class, which is of few effects.
C. Students aged between 10 and 24 don’t prefer physical books, so YouTube and Instagram may be a good choice.
D. Students aged between 10 and 24 prefer videos to teachers, so using video to explain textbooks is a popular way.
58. According to the article, a “blended learning” approach is suggested mainly because _______.
(1). the teacher’s authority remains unchallenged.
(2). technology is a useful supplement to textbooks.
(3). material in the textbook is too boring to most students.
(4). teachers want to change their traditional teaching methods.
A. (1)、(2) B. (2)、(3) C. (3)、(4) D. (1)、(4)
59. According to the author, a teacher’s top priority is ________.
A. to share as much knowledge with students as possible.
B. to encourage students to make full use of new technologies.
C. to help students develop their ability to think critically and creatively.
D. to instruct students to limit their use of smart phones and social media.
(B)
Climate change is caused by the extremely high levels of dangerous chemicals in the atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide(CO2). It is estimated that average global temperatures will rise between two and six degrees by the end of this century. We all know the effects could be disastrous, but are we aware of the possible solutions
Solution one: _______ _______
Crazy as it sounds, a group of academics from British universities is making a plan to build a 12-mile pipe, held up by a huge balloon, that would let enormous quantities of poisonous chemicals, such as sulphur dioxide(SO2), go into the atmosphere. Surprisingly, there is good science behind the idea. The chemicals would form a protective layer around the earth that would reflect sunlight and so cool the earth, much like the effects of a volcanic eruption.
Cost: around $10 billion a year.
Benefits: this plan would produce almost instant results.
Risks: volcanoes have almost wiped out humanity in the past through the poisonous chemicals released in the atmosphere, and the same thing could happen again with this plan.
Solution two: stir up the oceans
Intellectual Ventures, a company that invests in projects to combat global warming, has proposed building a million plastic tubes, each about 100 metres long, and using them to stir up the ocean. Why, you might be wondering, would we want to do this Again, the answer is scientifically valid. The bottom of the ocean is almost freezing and by stirring it up, cold water would come to the surface and absorb heat and CO2, and so cool the planet.
Cost: tens of millions of dollars.
Benefits: this plan is relatively cheap and technically possible now.
Risks: the tubes would disrupt and possibly destroy sea life, and the plan may not work.
Solution three: stop burning fossil fuels
This is undoubtedly the best solution but is it really like to happen in the near future
Cost: unknown, but in the short term it would probably involve global economic collapse.
Benefits: it’s a simple and effective plan.
Risks: it may already be too late. Without real action, this plan could just mean “do nothing”.
60. Solution one is most likely to be ________.
A. pump even more chemicals into the atmosphere
B. form a protective layer with volcanic eruptions
C. build a pipe to get rid of poisonous chemicals
D. draw as much sunlight as possible
61. What can be learned about solution two
A. It needs more valid scientific experiment.
B. It aims to cool the warm surface water in the ocean.
C. It may do harm to animals and plants living in the sea.
D. It is much more expensive to carry out than solution one.
62. What does the writer think of solution three
A. It is effective because it will benefit world economy.
B. Whether it will come true remains to be seen.
C. Putting it into practice may cost nothing.
D. Action has been taken to carry it out.
(C)
A seismic(地震的；重大的)shift in climate science might be heating up.
New research shows that sound waves, produced by earthquakes can be used to measure temperatures in the ocean which traps 90% of the heat Earth absorbs from the sun, making long-term changes in ocean warmth, a major factor in how the world might respond to global warming.
For years the main approach of measuring ocean temperature has been Argo, an array(阵列)of 4000 automatic floats, which drifts the globe, sampling ocean water and measuring its temperature. Yet Argo measurements stop at 2000 meters.
The new technique called “Seismic Ocean Thermometry”, would be especially useful in detecting long-term changes in ocean temperatures deeper than Argo’s reach.
“Ocean Acoustic Tomography”, the basis for the current research, was first tested nearly 30 years ago. The initial studies created sound waves artificially, basically increasing the volume on giant underwater speakers. Scientists measured the sound’s travel time from the speakers to receivers thousands of kilometers away. Because ocean temperatures affect the speed of the waves, the researchers could calculate average temperatures along their paths. But some believed the noise was a threat to ocean life and the technique never took off.
The new study instead uses a natural sound source for investigation：earthquakes making a low, continuous noise beneath the seafloor off the coast of Sumatra that drum up sound waves in the ocean. On the shores of the Chagos Islands in the East Indian Ocean, between 2005 and 2016 Seismic Station Diego Garcia recorded seismic waves produced by those earthquakes. Some of those waves created physical changes in land and sea as they traveled. Others were sound waves or T waves that moved through the deep ocean, delivering valuable data about ocean temperature.
12 years of data coupled with mathematical models pointed to a temperature change of roughly 0.044 degrees per decade, a trend larger than those predicted by Argo. The findings suggest that Seismic Ocean Thermometry is a feasible method to measure changes in ocean temperature. Further data from other regions of the globe and other timeframes would help improve the warning models and predictions.
And in future studies the researchers plan to listen directly for sound waves, using a network of hydrophones, microphones which detect sound waves under water. Sound waves set the tone for a deep dive into our warming oceans even if they fail to reach 60000 miles under the sea
63. What disadvantage does Argo have
A. Its reach is limited. B. It takes long to collect samples.
C. It doesn’t work globally. D. Its prediction isn’t reliable at all.
64. It can be learned that Ocean Acoustic Tomography ________.
A. was tested many times but never succeeded
B. remained unpopular for fear of potential harm
C. was assumed to be too complicated to be controllable
D. measured ocean temperature just as the new research does
65. It can be inferred from the new findings that ________.
A. some warming is working its way deeper into the ocean
B. ocean temperature is rising faster owing to earthquakes
C. sound travels faster in colder water than in hotter water
D. sound waves will slow down the warming of the ocean
66. Which is the best title for the passage
A. Sound Waves First Applied to Climate Science.
B. New Factors Found to Be Heating up the Ocean.
C. A Natural Approach Holding Back Global Warming.
D. Ocean’s Hidden Heat Measured with Earthquake Sounds.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The format of magazines enables children to be exposed to a wide variety of subjects. B. Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news. C. Being exposed to magazines and newspapers benefits you a lot. D. Keep interesting magazine pictures to give children story ideas. E. Magazines are valuable assets for many people, but in particular to children. F. Magazines and newspapers are expensive now but out of style.
Magazine Articles: More Valuable Than You May Think
Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.
Magazine Benefits
Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively, breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.
The articles in magazines are generally short, which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span. The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children's publication.
By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age, you are encouraging development of a useful skill.___67___Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood.
___68___ Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend.
Magazine Activities
Reading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses. When your children are finished with their magazines, encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member.
Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, you can use them for art and writing projects. These projects are for family members of all ages:
1. Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet, numbers, and colors.
2.___69___ Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story about what is happening or what the picture represents.
3. Clip pictures to create a collage. Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage.
___70___The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subjects. Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant N reader to a voracious page-turner.
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Beaver or Polar Bear
Beaver or polar bear This is the question Canadians face as they rethink how they want to present themselves to the rest of the world
It all started when a Conservative senator, Nicole Eaton, called for the replacement of the beaver as Canada’s official symbol. The beaver has represented the country since 1975. “A country’s symbols can change over time as long as they show the spirit of the people and the nation,” she told Reuters.
The debate that followed “has set fur flying across the country,” according to the BBC.
A stone beaver now sits on top of the entrance to the Canadian Parliament and appears on Canadian coins.
Supporters of the beaver say the animal is modest and hardworking. Glynnis Hood of the University of Alberta told the Canadian daily newspaper the National Post that beavers are like Canadians, representing “tenacity, intelligence and an ability to survive even the harshest climates.”
Others say the beaver played an important part in the history of Canada. In the 18th century, fashionable Europeans wore clothes made of beaver fur. Explorers went into the Canadian wilderness to find the fur. At the same time, they discovered more of their country. One member of Parliament from the province Manitoba told the BBC that removing the beaver would ignore its historical impact.
However, supporters of the polar bear believe it is a strong and powerful creature. It represents courage and pride, they say. Polar bears are at the top of the food chain. Beavers, on the other hand, are vegetarians. What is more, they are beaten by birds of prey like the eagle. And which country uses the eagle as its national symbol Canada’s powerful neighbour, the USA.
BBC reporter Lorraine Mallinder called this an issue of “What does being Canadian mean ”
“No wonder so many Canadians are turning to the polar bear,” she wrote. “They are fed up with being seen as a weak people nation.”
However, the debate is still under way.
71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这次的台风与上海擦肩而过。（escape）
73. 我总是对那些在我失意时安慰我的人心存感激。(grateful)
74. 只有求同存异，一个团队才能凝聚力量，和谐发展。(Only)
75. 整理抽屉时发现的这张照片让他想起了自己上学时青葱年少、无忧无虑的时光。 （when）
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
仔细阅读下图，针对图片反映的情况，谈谈你的看法。你的内容必须包括：
1.简要描述图片； 2.分析该情况产生的原因； 3.谈谈你的看法和建议。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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第页★绝密考试结束前 2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（三）
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. Jim. B. Carol. C. Paul. D. The bakery.
2. A. 9 :00. B.8:20. C.8:50. D.8:30.
3. A. She'd like to have the windows open B.The air conditioner is on
C. The air is polluted. D. The windows are already open
4. A. In an airport. B. In a railroad station.
C. In a restaurant. D. In a hotel room.
5. A.Bad-looking. B.Unattractive. C. Nice. D.Old-fashioned.
6. A. The man will pay for the painting. B. The woman can’t afford the painting
C. The painting costs 20 dollars. D. The painting is not beautiful
7. A. The game lasts too long B. He is very hungry
C. The game is boring. D. He's afraid he's dying
8. A. He is not likely to do the job well. B. He will get a better job after school
C. He can run faster than the editor D. He will make a good editor.
9. A. Football is her favorite sport. B. The game has been canceled.
C. Her team played very badly. D. She's got a cold.
10. A. He doesn't like history B.He must read a lot of books.
C. He can't get the books on the list. D. He doesn't have time to take the course.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A.Many people are shy in social situations. B.Most people are shy by nature.
C.Your shyness won't hurt others. D. Shyness is difficult to overcome
12. A By prediction. B. By recording.
C. By observation. D. By examination.
13. A. To share ideas with others. B. To make friends.
C. To test people's intelligence. D. To measure shyness.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14. A. Art history class is taught in lecture hall.
B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom.
C. Professors teach through real world experiences.
D. Students appreciate classroom learning.
15. A. To support his point of view. B. To praise the professor.
C. To advise us to study psychology. D. To praise his friend.
16. A. Leaning through experience is important. B.Students lean a lot from textbooks.
C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks. D. Students get firsthand information by observation.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A.She preferred home-stay families. B. Her aunt needed the room for her cousin.
C. She didn't like her cousin. D. Her aunt didn't like her.
18. A. Eighteen months. B.Twelve months.
C. Six months. D. Fifteen months.
19.A. General English. B. Academic English.
C. Medicine. D. Medical English.
20.A. The seventh of September. B. The fifth of September.
C. The seventh of October. D. The fifth of October.
听力答案：
1-5.CBADC 6-10.BBACB 11-13. BCD 14-16.CAA 17-20.BABA
备注：听力文字稿附在文档末尾
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Whether in the workplace or on the football field, effective teamwork can produce amazing results. However, ____21____(work) successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem. Effective teamwork certainly does not just happen automatically; it takes a great deal of hard work and compromise. There are a number of factors ____22____must be in place to make a good team.
Effective leadership is one of the most important factors of good teamwork. The team’s leader should possess the skills ____23____(create) a positive working environment and motivate and inspire the team members to take a positive approach to work and be committed. An effective team leader will promote a high level of spirit and make them feel ____24____(value).
Communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal relationship and especially that of a team. Team members must be able to express their feelings, share ideas and see each other’s opinions.
Conflicts will arise ____25____ well a team functions together. The best way to deal with conflicts is to have some organized methods of handling conflicts. Team members should be able to voice their concerns ____26____ fear of offending others. Instead of avoiding conflict issues, a practical approach that ____27____(settle) them quickly is much better. It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and try to remain objective if possible.
The team leader ____28____ set a good example to create good teamwork. In order to keep team members positive and motivated, the team leader ____29____ needs to show these qualities. The team turns to the leader for support and guidance. So any negative words or behaviors on the leader’s part can be disastrous.
Regardless of ____30____ type of work you are in, knowing how to effectively work on and with a team is going to be extremely important to your success and that of your team.
【答案】21.working 22.which/that 23. to create 24.valued 25.However
26. without 27.settles 28.must/should 29.himself/herself 30.what/whatever
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了团队合作的重要性以及如何建立一支优秀的团队。
21．working【解析】考查动名词。句意：然而，作为一个团队成功地工作并不像看起来那么容易。分析句子可知，空格处为主语，此处应用动名词作主语，表示经常性的、习惯性的动作。
22．which/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：要组建一支优秀的团队，必须具备许多因素。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为factors，关系代词which或that引导从句，指事物，在从句中作主语。
23．to create【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：团队的领导者应具备创造积极的工作环境的技能，并激励和激励团队成员采取积极的方法工作和承诺。分析句子，结合句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词the skills，是英语习惯用法。
24．valued【解析】考查过去分词转化的形容词。句意：一个有效的团队领导将促进高水平的精神，并使他们感到被重视。动词value和所修饰词them之间是被动关系，空格前feel为系动词，所以此处应用value的过去分词转化的形容词valued作表语，符合句意。
25．However【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管一个团队在一起运作得多好，冲突都会出现。分析句子，结合句意以及空格后的副词well可知，此处应用副词however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter how，符合句意。
26．without【解析】考查介词。句意：团队成员应该能够表达他们的关注，而不必害怕得罪他人。根据句意可知，此处用表达否定意义的介词without，合乎逻辑。
27．settles【解析】考查动词时态。句意：与避免冲突问题相比，快速解决冲突的实际方法要好得多。根据句中is及句意可知，此处描述一般规律，用一般现在时，分析句子可知，空格前的that引导定语从句，代指先行词a practical approach，为单数第三人称，谓语动词用单数。
28．must/should【解析】考查情态动词。句意：团队领导者必须树立良好的榜样，创造良好的团队合作。根据句意可知，此处应用情态动词must或should和动词原形set一起构成复合谓语，符合句意，表示“这是团队领导者应该做的，必须做的”。
29．himself/herself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：为了保持团队成员的积极性和动力，团队领导者自己需要表现出这些品质。根据句意可知，此处应用反身代词作主语the team leader的同位语，起强调作用，因为主语为第三人称的人，可以是男性或女性。
30．what/whatever【解析】考查连接代词。句意：无论你从事的是哪种类型的工作，知道如何有效地与团队合作对你和你的团队的成功都是极其重要的。根据句意以及空格前的介词of可知，此处引导宾语从句，结合空格后名词type可知，此处应用形容词性的连接词what或whatever修饰名词，符合句意。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. tempting B. truly C. sensible D.inflation E. implement F. innovation G. regulators H.liberalizing I.excessive J. leaves K. imposes
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession---with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as ____31____ . The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, ____32____ ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.
There are many reasons for this. One is the ____33____ costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This ____34____ today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. ____35____ ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to ____36____ them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is ____37____ a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm, which keeps fees high and ____38____ slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the ____39____ insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started _____40_____ their legal professions. America should follow.
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. I 34. J 35. C 36. E 37. B 38. F 39. G 40. H
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章就律师费用过高以及律师和客户之间敌对关系的问题进行分析，最终总结出解决办法是通过鼓励律师事务所使用技术，并聘请专业管理人员，专注于提高律师事务所的效率。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：在经济危机之前的十年间，美国法律服务支出的增长速度是通货膨胀的两倍。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作介词的宾语，D项inflation为名词，意为“通货膨胀”，符合句意。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最好的律师赚得盆满钵满，吸引着越来越多的学生涌入法学院。分析句子，该空需要一个非谓语动词作结果状语，前面表示律师收入很高，A项tempting意为“吸引，诱惑”符合句意。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一是法律教育费用过高。分析句子，该空需填一个形容词作定语，I项形容词excessive意为“过分的，极度的”符合句意。故选I项。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：这使得今天的法学院毕业生平均背负着10万美元的债务，超过了本科生的债务。该空需填一个动词作谓语，应使用第三人称单数形式，J项leaves意为“留给”符合句意。故选J项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：明智的想法已经存在很长一段时间了，但是管理该职业的州级机构过于保守，无法实施它们。分析句子，该空需填一个形容词作定语，修饰名词ideas，C项sensible意为“明智的， 通情达理的”，符合句意。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：明智的想法已经存在很长一段时间了，但是管理该职业的州级机构过于保守，无法实施它们。分析句子，该空需填一个动词，E项implement动词词义为“贯彻，实施”，符合句意。故选E项。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果律师考试对一个准律师来说真的是一个足够严厉的考试，那么那些能提前参加的人应该被允许参加。分析句子，该空需要副词，B项truly意为“真地”，符合句意。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：非律师可能不拥有律师事务所的任何股份，这使得费用高昂，创新缓慢。分析句子结构，该空需要一个名词与fees并列作keep的宾语，F项名词innovation意为“创新”符合句意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：律师行业内部存在要求变革的压力，但监管机构中反对变革的人士坚持认为，将外部人士排除在律师事务所之外，会使律师免受赚钱的压力，而不是在道德上为客户服务。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作介词among的宾语，G项regulators名词意为“管理者，管理机构”符合句意。故选G项。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：毕竟，其他国家，如澳大利亚和英国，已经开始自由化他们的法律职业。分析句子，该空需填一个动名词或不定式形式作started的宾语，H项liberalizing意为“使......自由化”符合句意。故选H项。
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Every minute, every single day, the equivalent of a truckload of plastic enters our oceans. In the name of profit and convenience, corporations are literally choking(塞满) our planet with a substance that does not just “___41___” when we toss it into a bin. Since the 1950s, some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide, and to date, only 9% of that has been recycled. Our oceans bear the brunt(受主要冲击) of plastics epidemic—up to 12.7m tons of plastic end up in them every year.
Just over a decade ago, I launched the Story of Stuff to help shine a light on the ways we ___42___, use and dispose of the stuff in our lives. The Story of Stuff is inextricably(不可逃避的) linked to the story of plastics—the packaging that goes along with those endless ___43___. We buy a soda, sip it for a few minutes, and toss its ___44___ packaging “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, and throw their packaging “away”.
The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day. But here’s the ___45___—there is no “away”. As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear. Chances are, it ___46___ polluting our communities, oceans or waterways in some form.
For years, we’ve been ___47___ that the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through better individual action. We’re told that if we ___48___ recycle, we’re doing our part. We’re told that if we drink from a reusable bottle, we’re making enough of a ___49___. But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.
Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans; we have to get to the ___50___ of the problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start ___51___. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. In many ways, our plastics problem is no different.
___52___, we need corporations—those like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestlé that continue to mass-produce throwaway plastic bottles, cups, and straws—to step up and show real ___53___ for the mess they’ve created. Drink companies produce over 500bn single-use plastic bottles annually; there is no way that we can recycle our way out of a problem of that scale.
Bag, cup and straw bans like those in Morocco, Iceland, Vancouver and some US cities are a great start, but also not enough. And while clean-up efforts are ___54___ in addressing litter problems, they can’t begin to touch the problems created by microplastics.
Not long ago, we existed in a world without throwaway plastic, and we can thrive that way again. The world’s largest corporations—with all their profits and innovation labs—are well ___55___ to help move us beyond single-use plastics. All over the world people are already innovating toward solutions that focus on reusing and reducing plastics. It’s time to accelerate this process and move beyond half measures and baby steps.
41. A. pass by B. go away C. give in D. turn around
42. A. produce B. pursue C. consume D. clear
43. A. desires B. purchases C. profits D. varieties
44. A. needless B. attractive C. complete D. permanent
45. A. significance B. relief C. instance D. challenge
46. A. originates from B. ends up C. relates to D. goes beyond
47. A. thrilled B. frustrated C. convinced D. concerned
48. A. skillfully B. randomly C. simply D. precisely
49. A. difference B. proposal C. discovery D. choice
50. A. complexity B. analysis C. presence D. source
51. A. mopping B. screaming C. complaining D. regretting
52. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore
53. A. enthusiasm B. responsibility C. preference D. demand
54. A. inadequate B. helpful C. voluntary D. fruitless
55. A. educated B. acknowledged C. established D. positioned
【答案】
41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. D
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。环境污染越来越严重，作者呼吁全世界的人们行动起来，通过再利用和科技手段减少一次性塑料对环境的危害，制造塑料垃圾的大公司也应该负起主要责任来。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：以利润和便利的名义，公司实际上是在用一种物质扼杀我们的星球，而这种物质在我们扔进垃圾箱时候不会“消失”。A. pass by路过；B. go away离开；消失；C. give in屈服；D. turn around转身。根据后文的“As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear. ”可知，塑料被扔进垃圾箱，但是它并不会“消失”。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在十多年前，我推出了一个关于物质的故事，以帮助我们了解我们在生活中生产、使用和处理这些物质的方式。A. produce生产；B. pursue追求；C. consume消耗；耗费；D. clear清理。根据常理，物质应该是先被“生产”，再使用，最后再被处理。这应该是作者推出的关于物质的故事的写作顺序。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：物质的故事与塑料的故事有着千丝万缕的联系，塑料的包装伴随着无休止的购买。A.desires渴望；B. purchases购买；C. profits利益；D. varieties变化；多样化。根据后文所给出了例子“We buy a soda, sip it for a few minutes, and toss its ____ packaging “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, and throw their packaging “away.”可知，塑料的包装的产生与我们无休止的“购买”有关。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们买了一瓶苏打水，啜饮几分钟，然后把它的永久包装扔掉。A.needless不必要的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. complete全部的；D. permanent永久的。根据后文“Chances are, it ____ polluting our communities, oceans or waterways in some form.”可推断，塑料包装不会自己消失，会“永久的”存在下去，某天可能会污染我们的海洋。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这是一个挑战—没有“离开”。A. significance重要性；B.relief解脱；(焦虑、痛苦等的)减轻；C.instance实例；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear.”可知，虽然我们把塑料扔进垃圾桶，但是它并不会消失。这就是现在我们面临的“挑战”。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很可能，它最终以某种形式污染我们的社区、海洋或水道。A. originates from源于；B.ends up结束；最终；C. relates to与……有关；D. goes beyond超越。根据后文“Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans;”可知，循环利用解决不了塑料问题，塑料“最终”会进入海洋。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我们一直相信，塑料包装的问题可以通过更好的个人行动来解决。A. thrilled使非常兴奋；B. frustrated使沮丧；C. convinced使确信；D. concerned涉及。根据后文“But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.”可知，多年来，我们相信自己所做的事情，但事实上我们无法循环利用我们的方式，从而走出这场混乱。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有人告诉我们，如果我们简单的回收利用，我们就尽了自己的责任。A.skillfully熟练地；B. randomly随机；C. simply简单地；D.precisely准确地。根据后文“But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.”可知，我们被告诉的通过“简单的”回收利用，就能解决塑料问题是错误的。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人告诉我们，如果我们用可重复使用的瓶子喝水，我们就有足够的改变了。A. difference差异；B.proposal建议；C. discovery发现；D.choice选择。根据前文“we’re doing our part”及后文But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.”可知，我们被告诉如果我们用可重复使用的瓶子喝水，我们就有了“足够的改变”。实际上，这也是不对的。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：单靠回收再利用永远不会阻止塑料流入海洋；我们必须找到问题的根源，减缓所有这些塑料废料的产生。A. complexity复杂性；B.analysis分析；C.presence出席；D.source来源；源头。根据后文“You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. ”可知，如果你的家因为水龙头开着而被洪水淹没，你首先要从源头处理—关掉水龙头。同理，解决塑料问题也是要回到“源头”。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想想看：如果你的家因为水龙头开着而被洪水淹没，你的第一步就不会是开始拖地了。A. mopping用拖把擦干净；B. screaming尖叫；C. complaining抱怨；D. regretting后悔。根据前文“Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on”及后文“You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap.”可知，动词应该与家里发水时所做的事有关，分析选项，A项符合。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们需要像可口可乐、联合利华、星巴克和雀巢这样的公司，继续大量生产一次性塑料瓶、杯子和吸管，以证明他们对自己制造的混乱负有真正的责任。A.Otherwise否则；B.Besides此外；C. However然而；D.Therefore因此。根据前文“ You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. In many ways, our plastics problem is no different.”可知，解决塑料问题也需要回到源头，与下文中提到的“we need corporations—those like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestlé”是因果关系。“因此”符合题意。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们需要像可口可乐、联合利华、星巴克和雀巢这样的公司，继续大量生产一次性塑料瓶、杯子和吸管，以证明他们对自己制造的混乱负有真正的责任。A.enthusiasm热情；B. responsibility责任；C. preference偏爱；D.demand需要。根据后文“there is no way that we can recycle our way out of a problem of that scale.”可知，这些大公司制造出来的巨量塑料不可能通过循环利用解决，而是需要大公司自己对此“负责任”。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然清理工作有助于解决垃圾问题，但他们不能开始触及微塑料造成的问题。A.inadequate不充分的；B. helpful有益的；C. voluntary自愿的；D. fruitless没有成果的。分析语境可知，清理工作不能从根本上触及微塑料造成的问题，只能“有助于”解决垃圾问题。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界上最大的公司拥有所有的利润和创新实验室，它们完全有能力帮助我们超越一次性塑料。A. educated教育；B. acknowledged承认；C. established建立；D.positioned安装。根据后文“. All over the world people are already innovating toward solutions that focus on reusing and reducing plastics. ”可知，全世界的人们已经行动起来了，可以推测出各大公司也已经“做好准备。be well positioned to do sth“做好准备去做某事”符合题意。故选D项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Today’s students have a problem. They were born into a world where technology, smartphones, and immediate access to the Internet are hurting their ability to focus and changing the way they think.
Now teachers have a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking regular breaks. Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students
A common idea among teachers is that short is good. When students can’t seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply hack lessons into smaller patterns. In fact, students need time to engage with a topic once the teacher introduces it before moving on. Switching between small lessons too quickly could rob them of valuable comprehension.
There are also teachers who begin classes with meditation exercises to help their students focus. However, it turns out that any sort of “tech breaks” could counteract strong desires to multi task.
A 2018 study found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books. They prefer video as a source of information second only to teachers. Therefore, some tech-forward teachers choose platforms such as YouTube and Instagram. Asha Choksi, vice-president of global research at Pearson, gives the example of a teacher who films himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to illustrate material in the textbook, which can seem boring to students.
Still, while those educators are embracing technology in the classroom to meet student’s needs, they also find value in traditional methods, and so suggest a “blended learning” approach. Direct instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be favored only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.
Digital natives will continue to eagerly adopt new media. Teachers have no choice but to evolve. They are making an effort not only to ensure that students can take advantage of new technologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them think in a world constantly trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they could code; it was because they could think.
56. What is the best title of this passage
A. Students’ Distracting from a Digital World.
B. Teachers’ Learning for a Distracted Generation.
C. Students’ Learning for a Digital World.
D. Education’s Evolving for a Distracted Generation.
57. According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT TRUE
A. Teachers adopt short lectures, small lessons, which could be hard to understand sometimes.
B. Teachers employ meditation exercises to help students concentrate on class, which is of few effects.
C. Students aged between 10 and 24 don’t prefer physical books, so YouTube and Instagram may be a good choice.
D. Students aged between 10 and 24 prefer videos to teachers, so using video to explain textbooks is a popular way.
58. According to the article, a “blended learning” approach is suggested mainly because _______.
(1). the teacher’s authority remains unchallenged.
(2). technology is a useful supplement to textbooks.
(3). material in the textbook is too boring to most students.
(4). teachers want to change their traditional teaching methods.
A. (1)、(2) B. (2)、(3) C. (3)、(4) D. (1)、(4)
59. According to the author, a teacher’s top priority is ________.
A. to share as much knowledge with students as possible.
B. to encourage students to make full use of new technologies.
C. to help students develop their ability to think critically and creatively.
D. to instruct students to limit their use of smart phones and social media.
【答案】56.B 57.D 58.A 59.C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今为了适应年轻一代被智能手机分心的影响，老师们也在学着改进自己的教学方式，文章列举了教师们所采取的一些方法和作者对此的看法。
56．B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Now teachers have a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking regular breaks. Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students (现在老师们也遇到了问题。他们发现，要求学生阅读复杂或冗长的文本而不定期休息是特别令人疲惫的。智能手机显然影响了年轻一代，但数字原生学生的教育应该如何发展呢？)”结合文章主要说明了如今为了适应年轻一代被智能手机分心的影响，老师们也在学着改进自己的教学方式，文章列举了教师们所采取的一些方法和作者对此的看法。可知，B选项“分心一代的教师学习”最符合文章标题。故选B。
57．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“A 2018 study found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books. They prefer video as a source of information second only to teachers.(2018年的一项研究发现，10岁至24岁的学生倾向于远离实体书。他们喜欢把视频作为仅次于老师的信息来源)”以及“Asha Choksi, vice-president of global research at Pearson, gives the example of a teacher who films himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to illustrate material in the textbook, which can seem boring to students. (培生全球研究副总裁Asha Choksi举了一个例子，一位老师将自己进行科学实验的过程拍摄下来，并将其发布到YouTube上。上课的时候，他会用视频给课本上的内容配图，而学生们可能会觉得这些内容很无聊)”可知，D选项“10到24岁的学生更喜欢视频而不是老师，所以使用视频来解释教科书是一种流行的方式”不正确。故选D。
58．A【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Still, while those educators are embracing technology in the classroom to meet student’s needs, they also find value in traditional methods, and so suggest a “blended learning” approach. Direct instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be favored only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.(尽管这些教育者在课堂上拥抱技术以满足学生的需求，但他们也发现了传统方法的价值，因此提出了一种“混合学习”的方法。在他们的课堂上，他们的直接指令永远不会被取代。只有当技术以离线无法实现的方式促进课程时，它才会受到青睐)”可知，建议“混合学习”方法主要是因为教师的权威仍然没有受到挑战以及技术是教科书的有用补充。故选A。
59．C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They are making an effort not only to ensure that students can take advantage of new technologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them think in a world constantly trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they could code; it was because they could think.(他们不仅努力确保学生能够利用新技术，还努力教授学生有价值的技能，帮助他们在这个不断试图分散他们注意力的世界中思考。想想扎克伯格、盖茨、乔布斯以及科技世界的所有先驱者。他们成功不是因为他们会编程，而是因为他们能够思考)”可推知，作者认为老师的首要任务是帮助学生培养批判性和创造性思维的能力。故选C。
(B)
Climate change is caused by the extremely high levels of dangerous chemicals in the atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide(CO2). It is estimated that average global temperatures will rise between two and six degrees by the end of this century. We all know the effects could be disastrous, but are we aware of the possible solutions
Solution one: _______ _______
Crazy as it sounds, a group of academics from British universities is making a plan to build a 12-mile pipe, held up by a huge balloon, that would let enormous quantities of poisonous chemicals, such as sulphur dioxide(SO2), go into the atmosphere. Surprisingly, there is good science behind the idea. The chemicals would form a protective layer around the earth that would reflect sunlight and so cool the earth, much like the effects of a volcanic eruption.
Cost: around $10 billion a year.
Benefits: this plan would produce almost instant results.
Risks: volcanoes have almost wiped out humanity in the past through the poisonous chemicals released in the atmosphere, and the same thing could happen again with this plan.
Solution two: stir up the oceans
Intellectual Ventures, a company that invests in projects to combat global warming, has proposed building a million plastic tubes, each about 100 metres long, and using them to stir up the ocean. Why, you might be wondering, would we want to do this Again, the answer is scientifically valid. The bottom of the ocean is almost freezing and by stirring it up, cold water would come to the surface and absorb heat and CO2, and so cool the planet.
Cost: tens of millions of dollars.
Benefits: this plan is relatively cheap and technically possible now.
Risks: the tubes would disrupt and possibly destroy sea life, and the plan may not work.
Solution three: stop burning fossil fuels
This is undoubtedly the best solution but is it really like to happen in the near future
Cost: unknown, but in the short term it would probably involve global economic collapse.
Benefits: it’s a simple and effective plan.
Risks: it may already be too late. Without real action, this plan could just mean “do nothing”.
60. Solution one is most likely to be ________.
A. pump even more chemicals into the atmosphere
B. form a protective layer with volcanic eruptions
C. build a pipe to get rid of poisonous chemicals
D. draw as much sunlight as possible
61. What can be learned about solution two
A. It needs more valid scientific experiment.
B. It aims to cool the warm surface water in the ocean.
C. It may do harm to animals and plants living in the sea.
D. It is much more expensive to carry out than solution one.
62. What does the writer think of solution three
A. It is effective because it will benefit world economy.
B. Whether it will come true remains to be seen.
C. Putting it into practice may cost nothing.
D. Action has been taken to carry it out.
【答案】60. A 61. C 62. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。针对气候变化这一危机，文章列出了三个措施并加以说明。
【60题详解】细节理解题。根据Solution one部分第一句“Crazy as it sounds, a group of academics from British universities is making a plan to build a 12-mile pipe, held up by a huge balloon, that would let enormous quantities of poisonous chemicals, such as sulphur dioxide (SO2), go into the atmosphere. ”（尽管这听起来很疯狂，一群来自英国大学的学者正在计划建造一条12英里长的管道，由一个巨大的气球支撑，这将使大量的有毒化学物质，如二氧化硫进入大气。）可知，措施一很有可能将更多的化学物质排入大气。故选A。
【61题详解】细节理解题。根据Solution two部分Risks中的“the tubes would disrupt and possibly destroy sea life, and the plan may not work.”（这些管道将扰乱甚至可能摧毁海洋生物，而这一计划可能行不通。）可知，措施二可能会对海洋中的动物和植物造成危害。故选C。
【62题详解】推理判断题。根据Solution three部分第一句“This is undoubtedly the best solution but is it really like to happen in the near future ”（这无疑是最好的解决办法，但在不久的将来真的会发生吗 ）可知，作者认为措施三是否会成为现实尚未可知。故选B。
(C)
A seismic(地震的；重大的)shift in climate science might be heating up.
New research shows that sound waves, produced by earthquakes can be used to measure temperatures in the ocean which traps 90% of the heat Earth absorbs from the sun, making long-term changes in ocean warmth, a major factor in how the world might respond to global warming.
For years the main approach of measuring ocean temperature has been Argo, an array(阵列)of 4000 automatic floats, which drifts the globe, sampling ocean water and measuring its temperature. Yet Argo measurements stop at 2000 meters.
The new technique called “Seismic Ocean Thermometry”, would be especially useful in detecting long-term changes in ocean temperatures deeper than Argo’s reach.
“Ocean Acoustic Tomography”, the basis for the current research, was first tested nearly 30 years ago. The initial studies created sound waves artificially, basically increasing the volume on giant underwater speakers. Scientists measured the sound’s travel time from the speakers to receivers thousands of kilometers away. Because ocean temperatures affect the speed of the waves, the researchers could calculate average temperatures along their paths. But some believed the noise was a threat to ocean life and the technique never took off.
The new study instead uses a natural sound source for investigation：earthquakes making a low, continuous noise beneath the seafloor off the coast of Sumatra that drum up sound waves in the ocean. On the shores of the Chagos Islands in the East Indian Ocean, between 2005 and 2016 Seismic Station Diego Garcia recorded seismic waves produced by those earthquakes. Some of those waves created physical changes in land and sea as they traveled. Others were sound waves or T waves that moved through the deep ocean, delivering valuable data about ocean temperature.
12 years of data coupled with mathematical models pointed to a temperature change of roughly 0.044 degrees per decade, a trend larger than those predicted by Argo. The findings suggest that Seismic Ocean Thermometry is a feasible method to measure changes in ocean temperature. Further data from other regions of the globe and other timeframes would help improve the warning models and predictions.
And in future studies the researchers plan to listen directly for sound waves, using a network of hydrophones, microphones which detect sound waves under water. Sound waves set the tone for a deep dive into our warming oceans even if they fail to reach 60000 miles under the sea
63. What disadvantage does Argo have
A. Its reach is limited. B. It takes long to collect samples.
C. It doesn’t work globally. D. Its prediction isn’t reliable at all.
64. It can be learned that Ocean Acoustic Tomography ________.
A. was tested many times but never succeeded
B. remained unpopular for fear of potential harm
C. was assumed to be too complicated to be controllable
D. measured ocean temperature just as the new research does
65. It can be inferred from the new findings that ________.
A. some warming is working its way deeper into the ocean
B. ocean temperature is rising faster owing to earthquakes
C. sound travels faster in colder water than in hotter water
D. sound waves will slow down the warming of the ocean
66. Which is the best title for the passage
A. Sound Waves First Applied to Climate Science.
B. New Factors Found to Be Heating up the Ocean.
C. A Natural Approach Holding Back Global Warming.
D. Ocean’s Hidden Heat Measured with Earthquake Sounds.
【答案】63. A 64. B 65. A 66. D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一项新的研究介绍了地震产生的声波可以用来测量海洋的温度。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For years the main approach of measuring ocean temperature has been Argo, an array（阵列）of 4000 automatic floats, which drifts the globe, sampling ocean water and measuring its temperature. Yet Argo measurements stop at 2000 meters.(多年来, 测量海洋温度的主要方法是Argo, 这是一个由4000个自动漂浮物组成的阵列, 它在地球上漂流, 对海水进行取样并测量其温度。然而Argo的测量在2000米就停止了。)”可知, Argo的缺点是它影响范围有限。故选A项。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“‘Ocean Acoustic Tomography’, the basis for the current research, was first tested nearly 30 years ago. (‘海洋声学层析成像’是目前研究的基础, 首次测试是在近30年前。)”和“But some believed the noise was a threat to ocean life and the technique never took off. (‘但一些人认为, 这种噪音对海洋生物构成了威胁, 这项技术从未得到推广。)”可知, “海洋声学层析成像”由于害怕潜在的伤害而不受欢迎。故选B项。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Some of those waves created physical changes in land and sea as they traveled. Others were sound waves or T waves that moved through the deep ocean, delivering valuable data about ocean temperature.(其中一些波在移动时造成了陆地和海洋的物理变化。另一些是声波或T波, 它们在深海中移动, 传递有关海洋温度的宝贵数据。)”倒数第二段中“12 years of data coupled with mathematical models pointed to a temperature change of roughly 0.044 degrees per decade, a trend larger than those predicted by Argo.( 12年的数据加上数学模型表明, 温度变化大约为每10年0.044度, 这一趋势比Argo预测的要大。)”可知, 从新发现可以推断一些变暖正在向海洋深处蔓延。故选A项。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文, 根据第二段“New research shows that sound waves, produced by earthquakes can be used to measure temperatures in the ocean which traps 90% of the heat Earth absorbs from the sun, making long-term changes in ocean warmth, a major factor in how the world might respond to global warming.(新的研究表明, 地震产生的声波可以用来测量海洋的温度, 海洋的温度能吸收地球从太阳吸收的90%的热量, 使海洋温度发生长期变化, 这是世界如何应对全球变暖的主要因素。)”可知, 本文主要通过一项新的研究介绍了地震产生的声波可以用来测量海洋的温度。选项D“海洋隐藏的热量通过地震的声波测量”突出文章主题, 适合做标题。故选D项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The format of magazines enables children to be exposed to a wide variety of subjects. B. Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news. C. Being exposed to magazines and newspapers benefits you a lot. D. Keep interesting magazine pictures to give children story ideas. E. Magazines are valuable assets for many people, but in particular to children. F. Magazines and newspapers are expensive now but out of style.
Magazine Articles: More Valuable Than You May Think
Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.
Magazine Benefits
Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively, breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.
The articles in magazines are generally short, which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span. The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children's publication.
By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age, you are encouraging development of a useful skill.___67___Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood.
___68___ Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend.
Magazine Activities
Reading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses. When your children are finished with their magazines, encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member.
Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, you can use them for art and writing projects. These projects are for family members of all ages:
1. Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet, numbers, and colors.
2.___69___ Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story about what is happening or what the picture represents.
3. Clip pictures to create a collage. Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage.
___70___The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subjects. Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant N reader to a voracious page-turner.
【答案】67. B 68. A 69. D 70. E
【分析】本文为说明文。本文讲述杂志阅读对于儿童而言比你想象的更有价值。本文让家长了解阅读杂志给儿童带来的好处，以及如何将它推荐给你的孩子。
【67题详解】
根据下一句“Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood(从小养成阅读期刊的习惯会培养阅读新闻文章的习惯，这种习惯可能会持续到成年)”可知，从小因阅读期刊而形成的阅读习惯会持续到成年，由此推知，设空处应陈述成年人习惯在报刊上阅读重要新闻，选项B. Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news. (杂志和报纸给成年人提供重要的新闻。)符合语境，故选B。
【68题详解】
根据下文“Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable(各种阅读水平的读者都可以获得信息，因为杂志是为任何读者而写的)”可知，杂志可以将各种各样的信息提供给各种阅读水平的读者，因此通过不同的杂志版式，儿童能够接触到各种各样的主题。A项“不同的杂志版式使儿童能够接触到各种各样的主题”符合语境。故选A。
【69题详解】
设空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story about what is happening or what the picture represents. (将图片粘贴在页面顶部，让他们就正在发生的事情或图画所代表的东西写一篇故事。)”可知，本段主要讲述要保留着有趣的杂志图片，以给孩子们提供故事创意。D项“保留有趣的杂志图片，给孩子们提供故事创意”可以作为本段主旨句，picture是关键词。故选D。
【70题详解】
根据下一句“The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subjects. (学生在阅读杂志时所运用和强化的技巧，可应用于更高层次的阅读和其他学科。)”可知，阅读杂志对儿童来说是重要和宝贵的，由此推知设空处应陈述阅读杂志对学生来说是非常重要的。选项E. Magazines are valuable assets for many people, but in particular to children(杂志对许多人来说是宝贵的资产，但对儿童来说尤其如此)符合语境，选项中的children呼应下文的students。故选E。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Beaver or Polar Bear
Beaver or polar bear This is the question Canadians face as they rethink how they want to present themselves to the rest of the world
It all started when a Conservative senator, Nicole Eaton, called for the replacement of the beaver as Canada’s official symbol. The beaver has represented the country since 1975. “A country’s symbols can change over time as long as they show the spirit of the people and the nation,” she told Reuters.
The debate that followed “has set fur flying across the country,” according to the BBC.
A stone beaver now sits on top of the entrance to the Canadian Parliament and appears on Canadian coins.
Supporters of the beaver say the animal is modest and hardworking. Glynnis Hood of the University of Alberta told the Canadian daily newspaper the National Post that beavers are like Canadians, representing “tenacity, intelligence and an ability to survive even the harshest climates.”
Others say the beaver played an important part in the history of Canada. In the 18th century, fashionable Europeans wore clothes made of beaver fur. Explorers went into the Canadian wilderness to find the fur. At the same time, they discovered more of their country. One member of Parliament from the province Manitoba told the BBC that removing the beaver would ignore its historical impact.
However, supporters of the polar bear believe it is a strong and powerful creature. It represents courage and pride, they say. Polar bears are at the top of the food chain. Beavers, on the other hand, are vegetarians. What is more, they are beaten by birds of prey like the eagle. And which country uses the eagle as its national symbol Canada’s powerful neighbour, the USA.
BBC reporter Lorraine Mallinder called this an issue of “What does being Canadian mean ”
“No wonder so many Canadians are turning to the polar bear,” she wrote. “They are fed up with being seen as a weak people nation.”
However, the debate is still under way.
71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】There is a heated discussion across Canada about whether the beaver or the polar bear better represents Canada. The “beaver” supporters stress the animal’s historical role and its associations with wisdom and perseverance. The “polar bear” advocates hold that it stands for greater strength and nobility. So far, no conclusion has been reached yet.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说, 在加拿大, 海狸和北极熊哪个更能代表加拿大, 引起了热烈的讨论。“海狸”的支持者强调这种动物的历史角色以及它与智慧和毅力的联系。“北极熊”的拥护者认为它代表着更大的力量和高贵。到目前为止, 还没有得出结论。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Beaver or polar bear This is the question Canadians face as they rethink how they want to present themselves to the rest of the world
②The beaver has represented the country since 1975. “A country’s symbols can change over time as long as they show the spirit of the people and the nation,” she told Reuters. Supporters of the beaver say the animal is modest and hardworking. Glynnis Hood of the University of Alberta told the Canadian daily newspaper the National Post that beavers are like Canadians, representing “tenacity, intelligence and an ability to survive even the harshest climates.”
③However, supporters of the polar bear believe it is a strong and powerful creature. It represents courage and pride, they say.
④However, the debate is still under way.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说, 将第2. 3. 4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
There is a heated discussion across Canada about whether the beaver or the polar bear better represents Canada.
The “beaver” supporters stress the animal’s historical role and its associations with wisdom and perseverance.
The “polar bear” advocates hold that it stands for greater strength and nobility.
So far, no conclusion has been reached yet.
【点睛】[高分句型1] There is a heated discussion across Canada about whether the beaver or the polar bear better represents Canada.运用whether引导宾语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] The “polar bear” advocates hold that it stands for greater strength and nobility.用that引导宾语从句对倒数第四段进行了概括, 表达非常高级。
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这次的台风与上海擦肩而过。（escape）
72.【答案】Shanghai narrowly escaped the typhoon this time.
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时和及物动词。该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时；及物动词escape的意思是“逃避，避开”，副词narrowly的意思是“勉强地，刚好”修饰谓语动词。再结合所给汉语，故答案为Shanghai narrowly escaped the typhoon this time.
73. 我总是对那些在我失意时安慰我的人心存感激。(grateful)
73.【答案】I’m always grateful to those who comfort me when I’m in low spirits.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词，定语从句和时间状语从句。主语I，表示“感激”用短语be grateful to，作谓语；“总是”用副词always作状语；“那些人”用指示代词those作宾语，后接定语从句“安慰我”，先行词为人，引导词用who作从句的主语，表示“安慰”用动词comfort，宾语me，后接时间状语从句“当我失意时”，由when(当……时)引导，I为从句主语，表示“失意”用固定短语“be in low spirits ”，句意表示客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为I，be动词用am，动词用原形，故翻译为：I’m always grateful to those who comfort me when I’m in low spirits.
74. 只有求同存异，一个团队才能凝聚力量，和谐发展。(Only)
74.【答案】Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously./Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony.
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句、省略和介词短语。表示“只有”用only ，位于句首后面加介词短语，用部分倒装。“求同存异” 表示为seek common ground and reserve difference，通过用介词by，介词后用动名词，“凝聚力量，和谐发展”表示并列用gather strength and develop harmoniously表示，也可以用while表示省略，副词修饰动词develop，或介词短语修饰动词develop，故翻译为Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously./Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony.
75. 整理抽屉时发现的这张照片让他想起了自己上学时青葱年少、无忧无虑的时光。 （when）
75.【答案】The picture he found while he was tidying up the drawer reminded him of his school days when he was young and care-free.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句和定语从句。该句在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时；表示“整理抽屉时发现的这张照片”用The picture he found while he was tidying up the drawer，The picture是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作宾语，省略了关系代词that或which，且从句中while引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作；表示“让他想起了”用reminded him of；表示“上学时青葱年少、无忧无虑的时光”用his school days when he was young and care-free，其中his school days是先行词，后面是when引导的定语从句。故翻译为The picture he found while he was tidying up the drawer reminded him of his school days when he was young and care-free.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
仔细阅读下图，针对图片反映的情况，谈谈你的看法。你的内容必须包括：
1.简要描述图片； 2.分析该情况产生的原因； 3.谈谈你的看法和建议。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
From the picture given above, we can observe that a recruiter is giving an offer to the applicant with higher educational degree. Meanwhile, another applicant graduated from a vocational technical institute is waiting in line with a confused look.
The cartoon reveals that the society has been placing a higher value on educational degree. What factors might contribute to this phenomenon Answers to this question may involve many aspects, and here are a few guesses. For one thing, from the subjective aspect, quite a few employers hold that the higher educational degree people have, the more competent they will be. For another, from the objective aspect, with the professions in modern society becoming increasingly segmented, employees are required to acquire higher degree to fulfill their tasks efficiently.
As far as I am concerned, education should not be the single standard in an interview to assess applicants’ ability. As for the companies, it is not necessarily a good principle as well. We should realize that the operational capability and service ability can help you to find a good job.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇图画作文。要求学生就图画反应的“学历歧视”问题进行简要介绍，并分析背后原因和给出自己的观点。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
困惑的：puzzled→confused
导致：lead to→contribute to
就我而言：In my opinion→As far as I am concerned
完成：complete →fulfill
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As far as I am concerned, education should not be the single standard in an interview to assess applicants’ ability.
拓展句：As far as I am concerned, education should not be the single standard which assesses applicants’ ability in an interview.
【点睛】[高分句型1] From the picture given above, we can observe that a recruiter is giving an offer to the applicant with higher educational degree. (运用了过去分词given作后置定语以及that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] For one thing, from the subjective aspect, quite a few employers hold that the higher educational degree people have, the more competent they will be. (运用了that引导的宾语从句以及“the+比较级，the+比较级”句式)
附：听力文字稿：
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.M: Carol, did you bake the cake for Jim's party
W:I had Paul do it.
Q: Who baked the cake
2.M: Joe took a taxi home alone ten minutes ago.
W: Really But he said he would leave around nine and now it's only 8:30 .
Q: When did Joe leave
3. M: Do you want to turn on the air-conditioner or open the windows
W:I love fresh air if you don't mind
Q:What can be inferred from the woman's answer
4. M: Are you ready to check out
W:Yes. You pay the bill,and 'll call the desk and have our luggage taken out to the taxi.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place
5. W: Wow, did you see the bicycle that bay just rode past on
M: Thai wasn't a bad-looking bike. I wouldn't mind having one like it.
Q: What does the man say about the bicycle
W: I found a perfect painting for our sitting room, but I'm about 20 dollars short.
M: Don't look at me. I don't get paid for another week.
Q: What do we know from their conversation
W:Let's get a snack when the baseball game is over.
M: When it's over!I'm dying of hunger now!
Q:What does the man mean
M: You know, even I could do a better job for running the school newspaper than the editor.
W: Oh you could, could you, Tom
Q: What does the woman think about Tom
9. M:I'm sorry I missed the football game,but I had a terrible cold.
W:You didn't miss anything. We couldn't have played worse.
Q:What does the woman mean
10.M:I think this history course is interesting,but it’s very difficult.I’ll never get through the reading list.
W:Don't worry, you'll find the time somehow .
Q:Why is the man worried
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Are you afraid to raise your hand in class, even when you know the answer If you are,most people would say that you're shy.
If you feel shy. you're not alone. Nine out of ten people are at least a little shy. But however shy you are, scientific evidence seems to show that it isn't your fault. You may have been born that way.
How do psychologists measure shyness One way is by observation. They keep detailed records of people's actions like how often these people speak to others, or how long it takes someone to say hello to a stranger
Another way to measure shyness is to ask people questions. The test only takes about 10 minutes. It asks questions like "Do you like going out a lot " and "Do you have many friends ” People must answer either yes or no. These questions can predict how people actually behave in social situations. Suppose the test tells you that someone is shy, chances are good that the person will act shy.
When scientists measure shyness, they’re really comparing degrees of shyness. In other words, when researchers say people are shy, they mean they are shyer than others.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
11. Why does the speaker say that it isn't a fault to be shy
12. What is one. of the ways suggested by psychologists for measuring shyness
13. What is the purpose of the psychologists in asking questions
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Every Thursday afternoon. my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall but in the Yale University An Gallery.We spend our one hour class discussing two or three of the paintings. many of which are by artists
that we have already studied in class.
In America, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real world experiences. With some creativity, almost any subject can be applied to such beyond the classroom learning
A friend of mine from Yale taking an advanced psychology course spends every Saturday working with mentally disabled children. Her mornings are spent playing with the kids and studying their sometimes uncontrolled behaviour, Then in the afternoon she writes a report on her observations.
Students generally appreciate these unique leaning opportunities. They're almost always fun and interesting, and professors like them because students lean so much in just a few short months. No one denies the value of classroom learning. But it can only take students so far. Slides and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and data, but creativity and originality of thought cannot be taught. They can only be got through firsthand experience
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
14. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
15. What is the purpose of the writer to introduce his friend's experiences
16. What does the writer most probably want to tell us
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
M:Sara, I've heard that you want to move into a homestay family. Is that correct
W:Yes, that's right.I've been staying with my aunt. Now my cousin is arriving from Singapore and my aunt
needs the room for him.
M:Oh, that's bad luck. Well,I'll need to get some particulars first.Sara, what's your full name
W:Sara Lim, and that's Sarah without the “h”at the end.
M: Mmm. How old are you, Sara
W: 23, only just. It was my birthday on the 21st of August.
M:Happy Birthday for yesterday. How long have you been in Australia
W:A year in Adelaide and six months in Sydney.I prefer Sydney,and I've got more friends here.
M: What's your address at your aunt's house
W:Flat one, 539 Forest Road,Canterbury. And the post code is 2036 .
M: OK. What are you studying now
W:I was studying General English in Adelaide and now I'm doing Academic English, because I'm trying to get
into Medicine next year
M: That sounds good, but it'll take you a long time. When would you like to move out from your aunt's
W: My cousin arrives on Friday morning, so I'd better be out on Thursday.
M: Is that the seventh of September W:Yes, that's right.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
Why does the woman want to move into a homestay family
How long has the woman been in Australia
19. What does the woman want to study
20. When would the woman like to move out from her aunt's
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