★绝密考试结束前 2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（二）
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a hospital.
C. At a theater. D. At a railway station.
2. A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister.
C. Teacher and student. D.Clerk and customer
3. A. Sam turned it in. B. He turns in the lock.
C. It was in the lock. D. He got it from Sam
4. A. Coffee. B. A chocolate milk shake.
C. Tea. D. A vegetable salad.
5. A. She thinks they can’t go to the theatre without the car.
B. She suggests going to the theatre by subway
C. She believes the man’s brother will let them use the car first.
D. She thinks the theatre is far away from here.
6. A. He hates going to the piano course
B. He would like to make decisions himself.
C. He is too old to learn the piano.
D. He is already good at playing the piano
7. A. She is already a teacher.
B. She doesn’t know what she will do after graduation
C. She has no desire to teach.
D. She likes teaching very much.
8. A. Read a book. B.Write a composition.
C. Talk about a problem. D. Listen to the radio.
9. A. Someone has told him where it is. B. He doesn't know, either.
C. He knows where it is but can’t tell the woman. D. He has asked someone for help.
10. A. She lost her car. B. She drove here.
C. Something was wrong with her car. D. She broke the traffic rules.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. There are too many people everywhere
B. There are always too many cars in Tokyo.
C. The places where he wants to be are always very crowded.
D. The streets in Tokyo are narrow
12. A. At11:00 p.m. B.At11:30 p.m. C. At 12:00 p.m. D. At 12 :30 p.m.
13. A. About 3,500. B. About 35,000. C. About 350,000. D. About 3,500,000.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
A.In Anhui Province. B.In Shanxi Province.
C.In Shandong Province. D. In Hubei Province.
15. A.When he was building a house.
B.When he was digging a tomb in the fields.
C.When he was digging a channel to place pipes for tap water.
D. When he was cleaning his yard.
16. A. Three. B.Four. C. Five. D. Six.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. To be a pilot. B. To be a scientist.
C. To be a interpreter. D. To be a soldier.
18. A. She wants to teach English. B. She wants to be a great scientist.
C. She wants to become the office leader. D. She wants to be an interpreter.
19. A. They are describing a new dustbin B. They are discussing the protection of environment.
C. They are collecting used batteries. D. They are looking forward to attending a lecture.
20. A. To make full use of the metals left. B. To protect the resources from being destroyed.
C. To call for stopping using plastic meal-boxes. D. To awaken people to the environmental problem.
听力答案：
1-5. ADABB 6-10. BCDBC 11-13. CBB 14-16. BCA 17-20.ADBD
备注：听力文字稿附在文档末尾
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A new study show that the better your short-term memory is, ____21____(fast) you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The finding appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.
Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried ____22____(think) at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be of those same songs. The difference, the researchers supposed, ____23____ have to do with memories of past consumption.
The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings — like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream — or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs — or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience ____24____ a scale of zero to ten. “We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of music or art more quickly. So ____25____(remember) more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.” The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ____26____ into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily ____27____(bore), just tell them to forget about it — it might help them have more fun.
Clearly if we are to participate in the society ____28____ ________we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. ____29____ we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations ____30____ we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.
【答案】21. the faster 22. to think 23. might 24. on 25. remembering
26. ourselves 27. bored 28. in which 29. If/When 30. where
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就越快感到厌倦并认为自己已经受够了。因此，营销人员可以通过设法分散我们的注意力，让我们无法完全记住自己的经历，来应对我们对他们产品的渴望。
【21题详解】
考查比较级。句意：一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就越快感到厌倦并认为自己已经受够了。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，根据前文的the better可知，此处用the faster。故填the faster。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她和她明尼苏达大学的同事约瑟夫·雷登尝试以非常不同的速度思考。try to do sth“尽力做某事”，是固定用法。故填to think。
【23题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：研究人员认为，这种差异可能与对过去消费的记忆有关。根据句意可知，此处使用情态动词might。故填 might。
【24题详解】
考查介词。句意：在整个测试过程中，参与者被要求对他们的经历打分，分值从0到10。on a scale of “以……的规模”，是固定短语。故填on。
【25题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，记住更多的细节实际上会让参与者觉得他们更经常地体验音乐或艺术。分析句子可知，设空处是做句子的主语，因此使用动名词remembering 作主语。故填 remembering。
【26题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们也可以通过回忆以前吃零食的经历来欺骗自己少吃垃圾食品。根据句意可知，主语we与宾语是指同一人，因此使用we的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：对于那些很容易感到无聊的孩子，只要告诉他们忘记它——这可能会帮助他们获得更多乐趣。根据空前的副词easily可知，此处使用形容词bored，修饰名词kids。故填bored。
【28题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：显然，如果我们要参与我们所生活的社会，我们必须与他人交流。本句是定语从句，先行词是名词society，指物，从句中缺少状语，live是不及物动词，需用介词in。故填in which。
【29题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：如果/当我们乘公共汽车旅行，在商店买东西，或在餐馆吃饭时，我们很可能会进行对话，在那里我们提供信息或意见，接受新闻或评论，我们的观点很可能会受到社会其他成员的挑战。根据句意可知，本句是个状语从句，可以使用if或when引导，位于句首首字母大写。故填If或When。【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。本句是个定语从句，设空处所在句子是修饰名词conversations，抽象地点名词，从句缺少状语，因此使用关系副词where引导。故填where。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. flexible B. function C. self-image D. fairly E. initiative F. valued G. capable H. pattern I. short-lived J. accomplished K. remarkably
Family problems come in all shapes and sizes; some are ____31____ and easily managed, while others are more chronic and difficult to handle. Stress points include events such as illness and injury, changing jobs, changing schools, moving and financial difficulties. Each family develops its own ways of coping with these stresses, some of which work better than others. Unsuccessful coping can be recognized by a number of characteristics, including the following:
This usually occurs because family members avoid discussing problems or even avoid admitting that problems exist. Some families just have not learned the skills of negotiating or, for some other reason, cannot let go of bad or hurt feelings. Children are likely to ____32____ their behaviour after their parents’ behaviour and may learn to refuse to talk about feelings and problems.
Families often have not decided how family responsibilities will be divided among family members. When that happens, family life can become chaotic, and many things do not get ____33____. At the other extreme, some families are not ____34____ at all, and family members do not help one another out or ____35____ reassign responsibilities as family circumstances change.
Families are, especially for children, the most important source of emotional support. During the middle years, children find it hard to obtain this emotional support outside the family. Children do not perform or develop well without this support.
Families ____36____ best when the individuality of each family member is acknowledged and appreciated. At the least, even if someone else’s personal traits or characteristics are not highly ____37____, each family member needs to tolerate these traits and respect that individual. Otherwise children are likely to have a difficult time developing a healthy ____38____, and they will have low self-esteem(自尊) and poor social skills.
Children need to succeed in order to feel ____39____ of successfully managing life’s stresses and challenges. If they are taught or encouraged to rely on others (within the family or outside it) to solve their problems, they will have low self-esteem and lack _____40_____ and will have trouble succeeding in the world.
【答案】
31. I 32. H 33. J 34. A 35. D
36. B 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不能成功应对家庭压力的特征以及良好的家庭氛围对于孩子成长的重要性。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：家庭问题有各种形式和规模；有些是短期的, 易于管理, 而另一些则更为慢性, 难以处理。are后接形容词作表语, 根据“easily managed”可知, 有些是短期的, 易于管理。short-lived“短暂的”符合句意。故选I。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：孩子们可能会模仿父母的行为, 学会拒绝谈论感情和问题。be likely to do sth., 后接动词原形, 根据“may learn to refuse to talk about feelings and problems.”可知, 孩子们可能会模仿父母的行为, pattern“模仿”符合句意。故选H。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：当这种情况发生时, 家庭生活可能变得混乱, 许多事情无法完成。根据“family life can become chaotic”可知, 许多事情无法完成。get后接过去分词, 构成被动语态。accomplished“完成”符合句意。故选J。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在另一个极端, 一些家庭根本不能适应新情况的, 随着家庭环境的变化, 家庭成员不互相帮助或公平地重新分配责任。are后接形容词,根据“family members do not help one another out or _______ reassign responsibilities as family circumstances change.”可知, 一些家庭根本不能适应新情况的。flexible“适应新情况”符合句意。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词。句意：在另一个极端, 一些家庭根本不能适应新情况的, 随着家庭环境的变化, 家庭成员不互相帮助或公平地重新分配责任。空处填副词修饰动词reassign,fairly“公平地”符合句意。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：当每个家庭成员的个性得到承认和欣赏时, 家庭才能发挥最佳作用。空处缺少谓语, 根据“when the individuality of each family member is acknowledged and appreciated.”可知, 当每个家庭成员的个性得到承认和欣赏时, 家庭才能发挥最佳作用。function“发挥作用”符合句意。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：至少, 即使其它人的个人特质或性格没有受到高度重视, 每个家庭成员都需要容忍这些特质, 并尊重这个人。本句为一般现在时的被动语态, valued“重视”符合句意。故选F。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：否则, 孩子们可能很难树立健康的自我形象, 他们的自尊心很低, 社交技能也很差。a 后接名词, 根据“they will have low self-esteem(自尊) and poor social skills.”可知, 否则, 孩子们可能很难树立健康的自我形象, 他们的自尊心很低, 社交技能也很差。 self-image“自我形象”符合句意。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：孩子们需要成功, 才能感到有能力成功地应对生活中的压力和挑战。feel后接形容词作表语,根据“Children need to succeed” 可知, 子们需要成功, 才能感到有能力成功地应对生活中的压力和挑战。capable“有能力的”符合句意。故选G。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果他们被教导或鼓励依赖他人（家庭内部或外部）来解决问题, 他们的自尊心就会很低, 缺乏主动性, 在世界上很难成功。lack后接名词, 根据“they will have low self-esteem”可知, 他们的自尊心就会很低, 缺乏主动性。initiative“主动权, 积极性”。故选E。
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Fitness apps such as Strava can be useful tools for motivating you to start and stick to an exercise plan. But, according to a study at the National University of Ireland, Galway, these apps can make people become ____41____ to exercise. The study, which observed 272 cyclists who use Strava, found that people who mainly use the tool to show off, ____42____, posting their exercise to receive praise, are more likely to develop an unhealthy desire and high stress levels.
It seems obvious that being able to track and share the tiniest details of your exercise may not always be a(n) ____43____ thing. I had an eating disorder as a teenager and, for a very unhappy time, ____44____ dominated my life. I weighed myself several times a day. I calculated everything from how many calories were in one bite of an apple to how many extra calories I would ____45____ by exercising in cold weather. I used in-brain calculating technology to track all this. Had I had access to the health apps available now, it would have taken me much longer to ____46____– not only because these kinds of tools enable obsessive (强迫性的)behaviour, but because they ____47____ and even glorify it.
We live in an age when you can never be too rich or too ____48____. Calorie-counting is now celebrated as a data-driven route to self-improvement. It is ____49____ to spot the symptoms associated with eating disorders when everyone seems to get hooked on their fitness statistics. Also, because eating and exercise disorders are still associated with women, it is particularly easy for problematic behaviour among men to fly under the radar.
The negative connection between these technologies and wellbeing has received ____50____ attention. Only a handful of studies hint at the dark side of these devices. A 2019 study of female Fitbit users by CNN, for instance, found that 59% felt as if their routines were ____51____ by their device, while 30% said their Fitbit made them feel guilty. A 2015 study at Duke University found that tracking can reduce ____52____ in the activity being quantified and make people do less of that activity when they are not measuring it. Going for a long bike ride can cease to be an enjoyment in itself but an achievement to ____53____ about online.
Fitness apps themselves are not a bad thing. ____54____, as health-tracking technology becomes increasingly common – even kids use fitness apps – it is important to be aware that ____55____ every aspect of our lives is not necessarily healthy.
41. A. accustomed B. addicted C. blind D. grateful
42. A. in practice B. above all C. for example D. in brief
43. A. annoying B. positive C. strange D. original
44. A. fantasy B. doubt C. exercise D. data
45. A. count B. drain C. burn D. exhaust
46. A. recover B. suffer C. adapt D. explore
47. A. advertise B. realize C. criticize D. normalize
48. A. strong B. fit C. young D. energetic
49. A. harder B. smarter C. more likely D. more beneficial
50. A. little B. special C. considerable D. immediate
51. A. guaranteed B. revealed C. damaged D. controlled
52. A. anxiety B. benefit C. pleasure D. significance
53. A. bring B. boast C. inquire D. hesitate
54. A. However B. Therefore C. Additionally D. Contrarily
55. A. assessing B. adjusting C. quantifying D. inspecting
【答案】 41-45.BCBDC 46-50.ADBAA 51-55.DCBAC
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究，讲述了健身应用程序可能使人们过度关注健康数据，而更容易产生不健康的欲望和高压力水平。
41．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，根据爱尔兰国立大学高威分校的一项研究，这些应用程序会让人们对锻炼上瘾。A. accustomed惯常的；B. addicted成瘾的；C. blind失明的；D. grateful感激的。根据（段末）后文“are more likely to develop an unhealthy desire and high stress levels.”以及“It is _____to spot the symptoms associated with eating disorders when everyone seems to get hooked on their fitness statistics.”可以推测，这些应用程序会让人形成不良的习惯，让人成瘾。故选B项。
42．C【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这项研究观察了272名使用Strava工具的骑自行车者，发现那些主要使用该工具来炫耀的人(例如，把自己的锻炼情况贴出来以获得表扬)更有可能产生不健康的欲望和高压力水平。A. in practice事实上，实际上；B. above all首先；C. for example例如；D. in brief简短地。根据句意和后文“posting their exercise to receive praise”内容可知，这是对前文的举例。故选C项。
43．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，能够追踪和分享你锻炼的最微小的细节可能并不总是一件积极的事情。A. annoying令人恼怒的；B. positive积极的；C. strange奇怪的；D. original原来的。根据上文“are more likely to develop an unhealthy desire and high stress levels.”可知，这并不一定是积极的。故选B项。
44．D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候有过饮食失调，在一段非常不愉快的时间里，数据主宰了我的生活。A. fantasy幻想；B. doubt怀疑；C. exercise练习；D. data数据。根据下文“I weighed myself several times a day. I calculated everything from how many calories were in one bite of an apple to how many extra calories…”可知，此处指“数据”主宰了我的生活。故选D项。
45．C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我计算了所有的东西，从一口苹果有多少卡路里，到在寒冷的天气锻炼可以燃烧多少额外的卡路里。A. count计数；B. drain排水；C. burn燃烧；D. exhaust使筋疲力尽。根据常识及前文“how many extra calories”可知，此处指“燃烧”。故选C项。
46．A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我现在可以使用健康应用程序，我可能需要更长的时间来恢复——不仅因为这些工具使强迫症行为成为可能，还因为它们使强迫症正常化，甚至美化了强迫症。A. recover恢复；B. suffer遭受；C. adapt适应；D. explore探索。根据上文“Had I had access to the health apps available now”以及下文“not only because these kinds of tools enable obsessive (强迫性的)behaviour, but because they ___47___and even glorify it.”可知，因为这些程序使作者产生了强迫症，所以如果现在使用健康应用程序，需要“恢复”。故选A项。
47．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我现在可以使用健康应用程序，我可能需要更长的时间来恢复——不仅因为这些工具使强迫症行为成为可能，还因为它们使强迫症正常化，甚至美化了强迫症。A. advertise做广告；B. realize意识到；C. criticize批评；D. normalize (使)正常化。根据下文“and even glorify it”的并列递进含义，结合选项可知，此处指“正常化”。故选D项。
48．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们生活在一个永远都不会太富有或太健康的时代。A. strong强壮的；B. fit健康的；C. young年轻的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“It is ___49___to spot the symptoms associated with eating disorders when everyone seems to get hooked on their fitness statistics.”可知，此处谈论的是健康统计数据，从而推知，此处指“健康”。故选B项。
49．A【解析】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：当每个人似乎都沉迷于他们的健康统计数据时，就更难发现与饮食失调相关的症状。A. harder更艰难的；B. smarter更聪明的；C. more likely更有可能；D. more beneficial更有益的。根据上文语境，以及后文“when everyone seems to get hooked on their fitness statistics”可知，更难发现与饮食失调相关的症状。故选A项。
50．A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些技术与幸福感之间的负面联系很少受到关注。A. little少的；B. special特别的；C. considerable相当大的；D. immediate立刻的。根据下文“Only a handful of studies hint at the dark side of these devices”可知，此处指“很少”受到关注。故选A项。
51．D【解析】考查动词过去分词词义辨析。句意：例如，美国有线电视新闻网(CNN) 2019年对Fitbit的女性用户进行的一项研究发现，59%的人感觉日常生活被他们的设备控制，30%的人表示Fitbit让他们感到内疚。A. guaranteed保证；B. revealed揭示；C. damaged损坏；D. controlled控制。根据上文（第一段末）“are more likely to develop an unhealthy desire and high stress levels.”等语境可知，应用程序设备更有可能产生不健康的欲望和高压力水平，从而推测，人们的日常生活被设备控制。故选D项。
52．C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杜克大学(Duke University) 2015年的一项研究发现，跟踪会降低被量化活动中的乐趣，当人们不进行测量时，会减少该活动。A. anxiety焦虑；B. benefit益处；C. pleasure愉悦；D. significance意义。根据下文“Going for a long bike ride can cease to be an enjoyment in itself but an achievement to ___53___about online.”可知，此处指降低了“乐趣”。故选C项。
53．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车长途旅行本身不再是一种享受，而是一种可以在网上夸耀的成就。A. bring带来；B. boast夸耀；C. inquire询问；D. hesitate犹豫。根据上文（第一段最后一句中）“that people who mainly use the tool to show off”可知，此处指“炫耀”。故选B项。
54．A【解析】考查连接副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着健康追踪技术变得越来越普遍——甚至孩子们也在使用健身应用程序——意识到量化我们生活的方方面面并不一定是健康的，这一点很重要。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Additionally另外；D. Contrarily相反。后文“not necessarily healthy”等内容和前文“Fitness apps themselves are not a bad thing”存在转折关系。故选A项。
55．C【解析】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着健康追踪技术变得越来越普遍——甚至孩子们也在使用健身应用程序——意识到量化我们生活的方方面面并不一定是健康的，这一点很重要。A. assessing评估；B. adjusting调整；C. quantifying量化；D. inspecting检查。根据前文（第二段中）“I weighed myself several times a day. I calculated everything from how many calories were in one bite of an apple to how many extra calories I would ___45___by exercising in cold weather.”可知，此处指运用健身应用程序进行“量化”。故选C项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Eating nuts and peanuts reduces the risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke, a new study claims. Researchers found they were linked with a reduced risk of death from heart disease among people on low incomes. And they believe their findings suggest peanuts may be a cost-effective measure to improve cardiovascular(心血管)health because they are so cheap.
However, experts heeded today that salt-covered nuts would not have the same health benefits. Nuts are rich in nutrients and peanuts, although classified as one bean, have nutrients similar to tree nuts.
The new study, led by Dr Xiao-Ou Shu, of the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Tennessee, analysed various groups of people. One involved 72,000 low-income black and white men and women living in the US, the other 134,000 men and women living in Shanghai, China. In both groups, men ate more peanuts than women. In the US group, about half of the nuts consumed were peanuts, and in the Chinese group only peanut consumption was considered.
The researchers found that overall, eating nuts reduced the risk of death from heart disease. This was regardless of gender, race, body condition, smoking, alcohol consumption and conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病), high blood pressure and obesity.
In the US, the highest consumption resulted in a risk reduction of 21 percent. In the Chinese group, it was 17 percent.
Dr Shu said: “We observed no significant associations between nut or peanut consumption and risk of death due to cancer and diabetes.” She added the findings highlight the large public health impact of nut or peanut consumption in lowering deaths from heart disease - especially for their affordability. The research was published in JAMA Internal Medicine.
Dr Mitchell Katz, deputy editor of the journal, added: “Of course, peanuts are not really nuts - they are legumes since they grow in bushes, unlike tree nuts. But who cares if they help us to live longer at an affordable price ”
56. Peanuts are considered very useful in improving heart health mainly because ________.
A. nuts are rate B. people can afford to buy peanuts
C. peanuts are people’s favorite D. peanuts and nuts are the same
57. In paragraph 2, the underlined word “heeded” is probably the closest to ________.
A. warned B. protested
C. concerned D. doubted
58. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. Peanuts are classified as nuts.
B. The Chinese eat less peanuts than Americans.
C. Peanuts have no effects on cancer.
D. People don’t care about the price of the nuts.
59. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Peanuts: a best nut B. Peanuts: People’s favorite
C. Peanuts: a medicine for all D. More peanuts, fewer deaths
【答案】56. B 57. A 58. C 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新研究：吃坚果和花生可以降低患心脏病或中风的风险。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And they believe their findings suggest peanuts may be a cost-effective measure to improve cardiovascular(心血管)health because they are so cheap. (他们认为，他们的研究结果表明，花生可能是改善心血管健康的一种划算的措施，因为它们很便宜。)”可知，花生被认为对改善心脏健康非常有用，主要是因为人们买得起花生。故选B项。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“And they believe their findings suggest peanuts may be a cost-effective measure to improve cardiovascular(心血管)health because they are so cheap. (他们认为，他们的研究结果表明，花生可能是改善心血管健康的一种划算的措施，因为它们很便宜。)”以及第二段第一句“However, experts heeded today that salt-covered nuts would not have the same health benefits. (然而，专家们今天heeded说，含盐坚果不会有同样的健康益处。)”可知，前后为转折关系，虽然坚果类很便宜，但是含盐坚果不会有同样的健康益处，所以应为专家的“警告”。故选A项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Dr Shu said: “We observed no significant associations between nut or peanut consumption and risk of death due to cancer and diabetes.” (舒博士说：“我们没有观察到坚果或花生摄入量与癌症和糖尿病死亡风险之间的显著联系。” )”可知，花生对癌症的治疗没有效。故选C项。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Eating nuts and peanuts reduces the risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke, a new study claims. (一项新研究称，吃坚果和花生可以降低患心脏病或中风的风险。)”可知，“多吃花生和坚果，患心脏病或中风的风险变低”适合作文章标题。故选D项。
(B)
African elephants These beautiful beasts come close to imitating teen rebellion. Kids spend a decade with their mothers in female -dominated groups~~and ladies stay there-but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of brothers. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups. Orangutans Slow metabolisms (新陈代谢)allow them to survive food shortages—times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does.
Orcas Killer whales join their mother’s familial group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a baby’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Risk of death post-mom-death rises as kids get older. Humans Why do we take so long to bake Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature—a period that might make us more innovative. One study of teens and young adults found that youths outperformed their older generations in tasks requiring exploration and adaptation.
Harp seals A harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A baby’s only purpose during that brief period of growing is to constantly nurse gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber (鲸脂)every day. Once it’s heavy enough its weight increasing about 25 to 80 pounds it slides off the ice and. WoW spiders Every parent knows that tired kids love to take a piggyback ride. The wolf spider straps all her youngins (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying them until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to carry them for a few days. takes on the sea.
60. Which of the following live their families for the longest time
A. African elephants. B. Orangutans.
C. Orcas. D. Humans.
61. What do orangutans and humans have in common
A. Both are good at surviving food shortages.
B. Both need a relatively long time to mature.
C. Both get more intelligent than old generations.
D. Both are able to slow down their metabolisms.
62. Which of the following statements is true of harp seals
A. Their childhood lasts even shorter than wolf spiders.
B. Their weight generally ranges from 25 to 80 pounds.
C. They can gain about six pounds each day before they go to the sea.
D. They usually nurse each other during the first 12 days of their life.
【答案】60. C 61. B 62. C
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种动物成长的特点。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。文章Orcas段讲到“This forever-bond seems to increase a baby’s chance of survival (这种永久的联系似乎增加了婴儿的生存机会)”可知Orcas是永久地生活在家庭里， 因此家庭生活时间最长的是Orcas，故选C。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。文章Orangutans段讲到“growth and maturation take time (成长和成熟需要时间)” 以及文章第Humans段讲到“Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature (我们的大脑最长需要25年才能成熟)”可知猩猩和人类的共同点是两者都需要相对较长的时间才能成熟，故选B。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。文章harp seals段讲到“A harp seal’s ‘childhood’ lasts just 12 days. (harp seals的‘童年’只持续12天。)”以及“its weight increasing about 25 to 80 pounds(它的重量会增加大约25到80磅)”可知关于harp seals在出海之前每天增长的体重是25÷12约等于2.08镑或者80÷12约等于6.6镑，使用说法正确的是他们在入海前每天可以增加大约六磅，故选C。
(C)
Insects are disappearing. The world has 25 per cent fewer terrestrial insects now than in 1990. This includes those we rely on to pollinate our crops and clean our rivers. If we don’t solve this problem very soon, some species will disappear.
There are many causes for the insect decline, but insecticides (杀虫剂) are a major part of the problem. Those used today are longer lasting and up to 10,000 times more toxic than some that were banned in the 1970s. Adding to the problem is that these pesticides are now applied to crops prophylactically (预防地) and used whether pests are present or not.
Overall, the amount of pesticide applied to the land is decreasing, but this is a grossly misleading statistic. A recent paper found that, between 2005 and 2015, there was a 40 per cent reduction in the amount of pesticide applied to crops measured by weight. But because modem insecticides are so much more toxic, the global toxicity of treated land to pollinating insects has more than doubled in the same period.
Governments and regulating agencies are aware of the problem, and some parts of the world have moved to ban the use of certain insecticides outdoors in an attempt to help bees survive. But the pesticides used instead are just as toxic.
One often-touted approach is to use pesticide-free pest control methods. These varied techniques are gathered under the name of integrated pest management (IPM) and have been around for decades. They offer effective crop protection and include methods such as crop rotation and the use of natural predators. But their adoption has been incredibly slow, because spraying pesticides is viewed as an easier option. As a result, IPM methods are unfortunately seldom used today
Neither changing insecticides nor shifting to IPM is a quick fix. We argue instead that we need a subtle shift in focus, away from killing pests and towards protecting crops.
By using the minimal dose we need to protect crops, we could reduce the amount of insecticide to a fraction of what is used today. Farmers would benefit from these changes. They would spend less money on pesticides and improve crop production by keeping health pollinator insects about. Reducing insecticide doses won’t solve the insect decline problem but it is a move that could win us time to make food production more sustainable and reconcile (使和谐) farmlands and the natural ecosystems we crucially depend on. And that will allow insects to recover.
63. According to the passage, which of the statements is NOT true about the insect decline
A. Currently-used pesticides are much more toxic than before.
B. Pesticides have played a key role in reducing the number of insects.
C. The amount of pesticides used is much more than before.
D. The toxicity in pesticides lasts longer than before.
64. Which of the following can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5
A. Broadly-publicized. B. Recently-created.
C. Frequently-criticized. D. Generally-proved.
65. What is the best way to treat the insect decline
A. To protect crops rather than killing out insects.
B. To raise large-scale natural predators of insects.
C. To search and develop new pesticides.
D. To shift to the IPM pesticide-controlling method.
66. What is the best title for this passage
A. Insects control — there is still a long way to go
B. Insects decline! Take measures right now
C. New findings in the field of insects control
D. Shift in pesticide use could help insects recover
【答案】63. C 64. A 65. A 66. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出昆虫正在消失。现在世界上陆地昆虫的数量比1990年减少了25%。这包括我们为作物授粉和清洁河流所依赖的生物。如果我们不尽快解决这个问题，一些物种将会消失。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Overall, the amount of pesticide applied to the land is decreasing, but this is a grossly misleading statistic. A recent paper found that, between 2005 and 2015, there was a 40 per cent reduction in the amount of pesticide applied to crops measured by weight. (总的来说，施用在土地上的农药数量正在减少，但这是一个严重误导的统计数字。最近的一篇论文发现，从2005年到2015年，按重量计算的作物农药使用量减少了40%)”可知，“杀虫剂的使用量比以前多了很多”与原文不符。故选C。
【64题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“These varied techniques are gathered under the name of integrated pest management (IPM) and have been around for decades. They offer effective crop protection and include methods such as crop rotation and the use of natural predators. (这些不同的技术汇集在虫害综合治理(IPM)的名下，已经存在了几十年。它们提供有效的作物保护，包括作物轮作和使用自然捕食者等方法)”可推知，使用无杀虫剂的害虫控制方法是被虫害综合治理所推崇的。由此推知，划线词often-touted与broadly-publicized(广泛宣传的)意思接近。故选A。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Neither changing insecticides nor shifting to IPM is a quick fix. We argue instead that we need a subtle shift in focus, away from killing pests and towards protecting crops.(无论是更换杀虫剂还是改用IPM都不是快速解决之道。相反，我们认为我们需要把重点从消灭害虫转移到保护农作物上)”可知，对付昆虫数量减少的最好办法是保护农作物，而不是消灭昆虫。故选A。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Insects are disappearing. (昆虫正在消失)”，第二段中的“There are many causes for the insect decline, but insecticides (杀虫剂) are a major part of the problem.(昆虫数量减少的原因有很多，但杀虫剂是主要原因)”，倒数第二段“Neither changing insecticides nor shifting to IPM is a quick fix. We argue instead that we need a subtle shift in focus, away from killing pests and towards protecting crops.(无论是更换杀虫剂还是改用IPM都不是快速解决之道。相反，我们认为我们需要把重点从消灭害虫转移到保护农作物上)”和最后一段中的“Reducing insecticide doses won’t solve the insect decline problem but it is a move that could win us time to make food production more sustainable and reconcile (使和谐) farmlands and the natural ecosystems we crucially depend on. And that will allow insects to recover. (减少杀虫剂的用量并不能解决昆虫数量减少的问题，但这一举措可以为我们赢得时间，使粮食生产更具可持续性，并协调农田和我们极其依赖的自然生态系统。这将使昆虫得以恢复)”可知，文章主要介绍了如何解决昆虫消失与杀虫剂之间的关系。由此可知，Shift in pesticide use could help insects recover(农药使用的转变可以帮助昆虫恢复)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
you need.
A. We tried to moderate that discount rate down somewhat. B. There will be 25% fewer freshmen than the school had banked on. C. The decline is supposed to continue. D. Fewer students will choose the school due to its high tuition. E. Layoffs are ‘a last option’, a spokeswoman sad. F. However the number of students is assumed to return to normal.
Student Drought Bits Smaller Universities
As Loyola University New Orleans is getting ready for fall classes next month, the 101-year-old university faces a crisis: ____67____ ‘It was a pretty big hit,’ said Mare K. Manganaro, vice president for academic affairs.
Now, along with preparing for fall courses, Loyola officials are worried about how to plug a S9.5 million shortfall in the school’s S163 million annual budget, the result of 221 fewer freshmen than expected.
Since last May, the 5,000-student private college has imposed a hiring freeze, reduced faculty hours, hired outside firms to revamp its marketing and financial aid, and is setting up early-retirement packages for some faculty. If that isn’t sufficient to fill the gap, the school may tap its S275 million endowment. ____68____.
Many in higher education believe this might be a trend for smaller colleges. After decades of growth, college enrollment nationally dropped 2.3% this spring, compared with spring 2012 according to a report released by the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. ____69____ The number of U.S. high-school graduates peaked at 3.4 million in 2010-2011 and is projected to fall to 3.2 million by 2013-14, according to the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education.
Loyola has set up numerous committees to figure out what went wrong and make sure it doesn't happen again. School officials were shocked this year by the low fall turnout. The vice president for enrollment management resigned abruptly in June. Loyola officials believe a reason for the decline was a reduction in financial aid it offered to the incoming class off its $35,504 tuition, from an average discount of 58% last year to about 55% this fall.
“____70____. I think the market answered back on that” said Mr. Manganaro.
【答案】67. B 68. E 69. C 70. A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了学生人数减少影响到了规模较小的大学的社会现象以及大学对此的应对措施。
【67题详解】
根据上文“As Loyola University New Orleans is getting ready for fall classes next month, the 101-year-old university faces a crisis(新奥尔良洛约拉大学正为下个月的秋季课程做准备, 这所拥有101年历史的大学面临着一场危机)”以及后文“It was a pretty big hit(这是一个相当大的打击)”可知, 后文提到了某事是一个很大的打击。由此可知, 本句是在说明这一打击是什么。故B选项“新生人数将比学校预计的少25%”符合语境, 故选B。
【68题详解】
根据上文“Since last May, the 5,000-student private college has imposed a hiring freeze, reduced faculty hours, hired outside firms to revamp its marketing and financial aid, and is setting up early-retirement packages for some faculty. If that isn’t sufficient to fill the gap, the school may tap its S275 million endowment.(自去年5月以来, 这所拥有5000名学生的私立大学冻结了招聘, 减少了教师的工作时间, 聘请外部公司来改进其营销和财政援助, 并为一些教师制定了提前退休计划。如果这还不足以填补缺口, 学校可能会动用2.75亿瑞典克朗的捐赠基金)”可知, 上文提到大学为应对资金缺少所采取的一些措施, 上文主要以制定退休计划和基金为主, 本句为本段最后一句, 应承接上文说明其它措施。故E选项“一位发言人表示, 裁员是‘最后的选择’”符合语境, 故选E。
【69题详解】
根据上文“Many in higher education believe this might be a trend for smaller colleges. After decades of growth, college enrollment nationally dropped 2.3% this spring, compared with spring 2012 according to a report released by the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center.(许多高等教育界人士认为, 这可能是规模较小的学院的趋势。 美国国家学生交流中心发布的一份报告显示, 在经历了几十年的增长之后, 今年春季全国大学入学人数较2012年春季下降了2.3%)”可知, 上文提到了春季全国大学入学人数减少的情况。由此可知, 本句承接上文进一步说明人数减少的趋势。故C选项“下降应该会继续”符合语境, 故选C。
【70题详解】
根据上文“Loyola officials believe a reason for the decline was a reduction in financial aid it offered to the incoming class off its $35,504 tuition, from an average discount of 58% last year to about 55% this fall.(洛约拉大学的管理人员认为, 学生人数下降的一个原因是学校减少了对新生提供的助学金, 从去年平均减免了58%的学费, 降至今年秋季的55%左右)”可知, 上一段提到了学校给学生的助学金有所减少, 故本句是Manganaro对此做法的看法, 故A选项“我们试图把贴现率降低一些”符合语境, 故选A。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Regular exercise can reduce a woman’s risk of cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets too little sleep, U.S. researchers said on Monday. The study involving 5,968 women in Maryland confirmed previous findings that people who do regular physical activity are less likely to develop cancer.
But when the researchers looked at the women ages 18 to 65 who were in the upper half in terms of the amount of physical exercise they got per week, they found that sleep appeared to play an important role in cancer risk.
Those who slept less than seven hours nightly had a 47 percent higher risk of cancer than those who got more sleep among the physically active women, the researchers reported at a meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research.
“We think it’s quite interesting and intriguing. It’s kind of a first look into this. It isn’t something that has been widely studied,” James McClain of the National Cancer Institute, part of the U.S. government’s National Institutes of Health, said in a telephone interview.
McClain, who led the study, said it is unclear exactly how getting too little sleep may make one more susceptible(易受感染的) to cancer. “Getting adequate sleep has been long associated with health,” McClain said.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls sleep loss an under-recognized public health problem, saying Americans are getting less and less slumber. The CDCP said the percentage of adults reporting sleeping six hours or less a night increased from 1985 to 2006. Sleep experts say chronic sleep loss is associated with obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, cardiovascular disease, depression, cigarette smoking and excessive drinking.
In addition, research had shown that people who get regular exercise have a reduced risk of breast, colon and other types of cancer. Experts think the effects of exercise on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight may play an important role.
71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
US researchers have found that regular exercises may have an active effect on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight which thus may reduce the risk of cancer. But the benefits may slip away if she gets too little sleep, especially less than seven hours nightly which may cause such health problems as obesity, depression and so on. However, it is still unclear exactly how sleeping little may make people more susceptible to cancer.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍美国研究人员发现，定期锻炼可能对身体激素水平、免疫功能和体重产生积极影响，从而降低患癌症的风险。但是，如果睡眠太少，尤其是每晚睡眠不足7小时，可能会导致肥胖、抑郁等健康问题，那么这些好处可能会溜走。然而，目前还不清楚睡眠不足究竟是如何使人们更容易患癌症的。
【详解】1 要点摘录①Regular exercise can reduce a woman’s risk of cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets too little sleep, U.S. researchers said on Monday.
②Those who slept less than seven hours nightly had a 47 percent higher risk of cancer than those who got more sleep among the physically active women.
③it is unclear exactly how getting too little sleep may make one more susceptible（易受感染的） to cancer.
④Sleep experts say chronic sleep loss is associated with obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, cardiovascular disease, depression, cigarette smoking and excessive drinking.
⑤Experts think the effects of exercise on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight may play an important role.
2.缜密构思将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、4两个要点进行整合。将第3个要点用自己的话进行简要表述。
3.遣词造句US researchers have found that regular exercises may have an active effect on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight which thus may reduce the risk of cancer.
But the benefits may slip away if she gets too little sleep, especially less than seven hours nightly which may cause such health problems as obesity, depression and so on.
However, it is still unclear exactly how sleeping little may make people more susceptible to cancer.
【点睛】[高分句型1] US researchers have found that regular exercises may have an active effect on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight which thus may reduce the risk of cancer.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和最后一段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、短语have an effect on，which引导的定语从句等表达高级。
[高分句型2]：However, it is still unclear exactly how sleeping little may make people more susceptible to cancer. 用how引导主语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这家以牛排为特色的饭店很受欢迎，顾客至少要提前两周预定。（feature）
72.【答案】The restaurant featuring steaks is popular and/so the customers have to reserve a table at least two weeks ahead.
或翻译为：The restaurant which features steaks is so popular that the customers have to reserve a table at least two weeks ahead.
【解析】
【详解】本句考点较多，翻译方法各异，考查非谓语或定语从句或并列句或结果状语从句。根据句意可知，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，“这家以牛排为特色的饭店”可以使用which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant(饭店)，译为the restaurant which features steaks，“很受欢迎，顾客至少要提前两周预定”可以使用so...that“如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句，“受欢迎”使用be popular，“至少要提前两周预定”译为have to reserve a table at least two weeks ahead。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The restaurant which features steaks is so popular that the customers have to reserve a table at least two weeks ahead.
73. 事实证据越具体，论点就越有说服力。(The more…, the more...)
73.【答案】The more specific the factual evidence is, the more convincing the argument is.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句式和形容词。根据汉语句意可知，此处表示“越……，就越……”可用the more…, the more…句式；表示“事实证据”可用the factual evidence；表示“具体”可用specific；表示“论点”可用the argument；表示“有说服力”可用convincing。故翻译为The more specific the factual evidence is, the more convincing the argument is.。
直播带货虽然很火，但其带来的诸如伪劣产品和售后服务等问题也不容小觑。(Despite)
74.【答案】Despite the huge popularity of livestreaming marketing/Despite the fact that livestreaming marketing is very popular，problems brought（about）by it such as fake and inferior/sub-standard products and after-sales can’t be overlooked/ignored/neglected.
【详解】
考查连词、动词、短语和名词。根据中文句意可知前面为让步状语，用指定介词Despite来引导，句中表示“直播带货”用名词短语livestreaming marketing；表示“很火”用短语very popular；主句中表示“伪劣产品”用fake and inferior/sub-standard products；表示“售后服务”用after-sales；表示“不容小觑”用can’t be overlooked/ignored/neglected。故翻译为Despite the huge popularity of livestreaming marketing/Despite the fact that livestreaming marketing is very popular，problems brought（about）by it such as fake and inferior/sub-standard products and after-sales can’t be overlooked/ignored/neglected。
75. 与其说他是个诗人，不如说是个画家，给读者呈现了唐朝的繁荣，开放和包容的景象。 (as)
75.【答案】He is more of a painter than a poet, as he presents a picture of prosperity, openness and tolerance in the Tang Dynasty to readers.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配，名词和形容词。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；表示“与其说……不如说……”用more of +n.+than+n.，表示“画家”用painter，表示“诗人”用poet；“给读者呈现了唐朝的繁荣，开放和包容的景象”处理为as引导的原因状语从句，表示“给某人展现”用present sth. to sb.。主语是he，谓语动词用三单形式presents，表示“唐朝”用Tang Dynasty，表示“读者”用reader，这里用复数readers，表示“繁荣”用prosperity，表示“开放”用openness，表示“包容”用tolerance。故翻译为He is more of a painter than a poet, as he presents a picture of prosperity, openness and tolerance in the Tang Dynasty to readers.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
实验学校为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场(分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场)的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。假设你是该校学生王梓，请给负责的朱老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：1. 增加的专场的名称；2. 该专场的具体内容；3. 增加该专场的理由。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Zhu,
In order to further enrich the school art festival, our school decided to add another special session on the basis of the original three special sessions (namely, calligraphy, instrumental music and song). I strongly recommend that photographic work should be included as an important aspect of the art festival. Whoever is interested in photography can submit their photos to take part in the exhibition.
My suggestion lies in the following two reasons. On the one hand, for the students who are fond of taking photos, the photographic exhibition can stimulate them to discover the beauty of our surroundings. With the saying going, beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Such an activity will definitely foster sharp eye of photographers. On the other hand, for the students who appreciate the photos, they are given a short-cut to the beauty of the nature and the society.
Yours,
Wang Zi
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给学校的朱老师写一封电子邮件，就进一步丰富学校艺术节、增加一个专场一事表达你的意见。
【详解】1.词汇积累
为了：in order to→so as to
建议：recommend→suggest
重要的：important→significant
参加：take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the saying going, beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
拓展句：As the saying goes, beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Whoever is interested in photography can submit their photos to take part in the exhibition.(运用了Whoever引导的主语从句)
【高分句型2】On the other hand, for the students who appreciate the photos, they are given a short-cut to the beauty of the nature and the society.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
附：听力文字稿：
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Is this seat taken
W.I don't think so. The girl who was here finished her lunch and left.
Q:Where does this conversation probably take place
2. M: I want to cash this check.
w: Will you step right over to the teller's window, please
Q: What is probably the relationship between the two speakers
3 W: Gary, did you turn in the locker key
M:No, I got Sam to do it.
Q: What does Gary say about the locker key
4:W:That sea house is excellent. Yesterday I ordered a cappuccino coffee. My husband had a vegetable salad
and my son had a chocolate milk shake there .
M: Maybe someday I'll go there and have a try
Q: What did the woman's son have at the sea house
5.M:I'd like to drive to the theatre,but my brother is using the car tonight.
W:No problem. What about taking the subway The station isn't far away from here.
Q: What's the woman's suggestion
6. W:Peter,I've entered you for this wonderful piano course
M:Mum, don't you think I am old enough to make decisions for myself
Q: What does the boy mean
M:Hi, Betty, are you going to teach after you graduate from that university
W: Where did you get the idea
Q: What can be concluded about Betty
8. M: Is there any assignment for next Tuesday
W: Nothing to read or write. But we're supposed to listen to a radio program and be ready to talk about it in
class.
Q: What have the students been asked to do before Tuesday
9.W:Where is the nearest gas station
M: If only someone could tell me.
Q: What does the man mean
10. M: You didn't drive here, did you
W;No, I didn't. I was going to, but my car broke down.
Q: What happened to the woman
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
In Tokyo there are always too many people in the places where 1 want to go. That is an important fact for me. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast when they can,but in Tokyo they often spend a long time in traffic jams.In this respect,Tokyo is not different from London,Paris or New York.It is different when one wants to walk.
At certain times of the day there may be a lot of people on foot in London's Oxford Street or near the big shops and stores in other great cities. But the streets near the Ginza in Tokyo are always full of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk.
The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30at night.That is when the nightclubs are closing and everybody wants to go home. There are about 35,000 nightclubs in Tokyo,and you don't often see one that is empty. Between 11 p.m. and 12 a.m. everybody is looking for a taxi.Usually the taxi is shared by four or five people who live in the same part of the city.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
For the speaker, what is the important fact about Tokyo
For the speaker, when is the worst time to be in the street
13. How many nightclubs are there in Tokyo
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
An underground room containing 1.5 tons of ancient coins,including some 2,000-year-old ones, has been discovered by a villager in Changzi County,north China's Shanxi Province
The man in Qianwanhu Village discovered the underground room with some 10,000 coins, ranging from 3 cm to 1 cm in diameter, on August 23 when he was digging a channel to place pipes for tap water,said Li Lin, an official of the Changzi Centre of Cultural Heritage and Tourism
Most of the coins were made during the Northern Song Dynasty with the rest made during Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty
Archaeologists said the coins were there for the following reasons:the coins were someone's private wealth; or they were buried by ancient Chinese private banks during the war;or they belonged to rich people who buried them during war but had forgotten them
The coins have been sent to local cultural relics authorities.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
14. Where were the coins found
15. When did the man discover the underground room
16. How many reasons were mentioned for the coins to be there
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation
W:Daniel, did you have a dream when you were a little boy
M:Of course I did. I dreamed to be a pilot when I grow up.But unfortunately,I didn't realize it. And Mary
how about you
W:I had the same experience with you.When I was a little girl,I dreamed to be a great scientist. But now you
see, I'm just a common office clerk.
M:Okay, forget about that. So,do you have some practical dreams at present
W:Ido. And now I'm working hard to learn English,and I want to be an interpreter some day.
M:You're promising. Just follow your dream, and as the saying goes, never give up whatever you do. I think is the most important thing on the road to success.
W:Thank you for your encouragement.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
What was Daniel's dream when he was a little boy
18. What does Mary want to do at present
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
M: Have you noticed the new dustbin downstairs, at the entrance of the main building
W: Yeah, of course. It looks funny,though, like a battery,What's it for Is it really for garbage
M: Not really. Actually it's a dustbin for used batteries.
W: Used batteries What do you mean by that Why do we need a special dustbin for used batteries
M: Well, you know there are still a lot of heavy metals left in used batteries, so by recycling the batteries, we can not only make full use of the metals left, but also prevent the environment from being polluted .
W:Oh, I see. Can this work Our efforts are too limited.
M:The Student Union is sponsoring a one-month program called “Green Movement”, which is aimed at making
mare and note students aware of serious environmental problems we are facing now.
W: Sounds quite exciting-"Green Movement”. What can I do
M:Well,quite a lot. At least you can stop using those plastic meal-boxes and disposable wooden chopsticks.
They are a big waste of resources.Well, there will be a lecture tomorrow afternoon at four o'clock You may attend if you are interested.
W:Tomorrow afternoon...let me think... yeah, I happen to be free. I will go there.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
19. What are the two speakers doing
20. What is the purpose of the "Green Movement" ★绝密考试结束前 2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（二）
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a hospital.
C. At a theater. D. At a railway station.
2. A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister.
C. Teacher and student. D.Clerk and customer
3. A. Sam turned it in. B. He turns in the lock.
C. It was in the lock. D. He got it from Sam
4. A. Coffee. B. A chocolate milk shake.
C. Tea. D. A vegetable salad.
5. A. She thinks they can’t go to the theatre without the car.
B. She suggests going to the theatre by subway
C. She believes the man’s brother will let them use the car first.
D. She thinks the theatre is far away from here.
6. A. He hates going to the piano course
B. He would like to make decisions himself.
C. He is too old to learn the piano.
D. He is already good at playing the piano
7. A. She is already a teacher.
B. She doesn’t know what she will do after graduation
C. She has no desire to teach.
D. She likes teaching very much.
8. A. Read a book. B.Write a composition.
C. Talk about a problem. D. Listen to the radio.
9. A. Someone has told him where it is. B. He doesn't know, either.
C. He knows where it is but can’t tell the woman. D. He has asked someone for help.
10. A. She lost her car. B. She drove here.
C. Something was wrong with her car. D. She broke the traffic rules.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. There are too many people everywhere
B. There are always too many cars in Tokyo.
C. The places where he wants to be are always very crowded.
D. The streets in Tokyo are narrow
12. A. At11:00 p.m. B.At11:30 p.m. C. At 12:00 p.m. D. At 12 :30 p.m.
13. A. About 3,500. B. About 35,000. C. About 350,000. D. About 3,500,000.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
A.In Anhui Province. B.In Shanxi Province.
C.In Shandong Province. D. In Hubei Province.
15. A.When he was building a house.
B.When he was digging a tomb in the fields.
C.When he was digging a channel to place pipes for tap water.
D. When he was cleaning his yard.
16. A. Three. B.Four. C. Five. D. Six.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. To be a pilot. B. To be a scientist.
C. To be a interpreter. D. To be a soldier.
18. A. She wants to teach English. B. She wants to be a great scientist.
C. She wants to become the office leader. D. She wants to be an interpreter.
19. A. They are describing a new dustbin B. They are discussing the protection of environment.
C. They are collecting used batteries. D. They are looking forward to attending a lecture.
20. A. To make full use of the metals left. B. To protect the resources from being destroyed.
C. To call for stopping using plastic meal-boxes. D. To awaken people to the environmental problem.
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A new study show that the better your short-term memory is, ____21____(fast) you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The finding appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.
Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried ____22____(think) at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be of those same songs. The difference, the researchers supposed, ____23____ have to do with memories of past consumption.
The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings — like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream — or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs — or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience ____24____ a scale of zero to ten. “We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of music or art more quickly. So ____25____(remember) more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.” The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ____26____ into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily ____27____(bore), just tell them to forget about it — it might help them have more fun.
Clearly if we are to participate in the society ____28____ ________we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. ____29____ we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations ____30____ we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. flexible B. function C. self-image D. fairly E. initiative F. valued G. capable H. pattern I. short-lived J. accomplished K. remarkably
Family problems come in all shapes and sizes; some are ____31____ and easily managed, while others are more chronic and difficult to handle. Stress points include events such as illness and injury, changing jobs, changing schools, moving and financial difficulties. Each family develops its own ways of coping with these stresses, some of which work better than others. Unsuccessful coping can be recognized by a number of characteristics, including the following:
This usually occurs because family members avoid discussing problems or even avoid admitting that problems exist. Some families just have not learned the skills of negotiating or, for some other reason, cannot let go of bad or hurt feelings. Children are likely to ____32____ their behaviour after their parents’ behaviour and may learn to refuse to talk about feelings and problems.
Families often have not decided how family responsibilities will be divided among family members. When that happens, family life can become chaotic, and many things do not get ____33____. At the other extreme, some families are not ____34____ at all, and family members do not help one another out or ____35____ reassign responsibilities as family circumstances change.
Families are, especially for children, the most important source of emotional support. During the middle years, children find it hard to obtain this emotional support outside the family. Children do not perform or develop well without this support.
Families ____36____ best when the individuality of each family member is acknowledged and appreciated. At the least, even if someone else’s personal traits or characteristics are not highly ____37____, each family member needs to tolerate these traits and respect that individual. Otherwise children are likely to have a difficult time developing a healthy ____38____, and they will have low self-esteem(自尊) and poor social skills.
Children need to succeed in order to feel ____39____ of successfully managing life’s stresses and challenges. If they are taught or encouraged to rely on others (within the family or outside it) to solve their problems, they will have low self-esteem and lack _____40_____ and will have trouble succeeding in the world.
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Fitness apps such as Strava can be useful tools for motivating you to start and stick to an exercise plan. But, according to a study at the National University of Ireland, Galway, these apps can make people become ____41____ to exercise. The study, which observed 272 cyclists who use Strava, found that people who mainly use the tool to show off, ____42____, posting their exercise to receive praise, are more likely to develop an unhealthy desire and high stress levels.
It seems obvious that being able to track and share the tiniest details of your exercise may not always be a(n) ____43____ thing. I had an eating disorder as a teenager and, for a very unhappy time, ____44____ dominated my life. I weighed myself several times a day. I calculated everything from how many calories were in one bite of an apple to how many extra calories I would ____45____ by exercising in cold weather. I used in-brain calculating technology to track all this. Had I had access to the health apps available now, it would have taken me much longer to ____46____– not only because these kinds of tools enable obsessive (强迫性的)behaviour, but because they ____47____ and even glorify it.
We live in an age when you can never be too rich or too ____48____. Calorie-counting is now celebrated as a data-driven route to self-improvement. It is ____49____ to spot the symptoms associated with eating disorders when everyone seems to get hooked on their fitness statistics. Also, because eating and exercise disorders are still associated with women, it is particularly easy for problematic behaviour among men to fly under the radar.
The negative connection between these technologies and wellbeing has received ____50____ attention. Only a handful of studies hint at the dark side of these devices. A 2019 study of female Fitbit users by CNN, for instance, found that 59% felt as if their routines were ____51____ by their device, while 30% said their Fitbit made them feel guilty. A 2015 study at Duke University found that tracking can reduce ____52____ in the activity being quantified and make people do less of that activity when they are not measuring it. Going for a long bike ride can cease to be an enjoyment in itself but an achievement to ____53____ about online.
Fitness apps themselves are not a bad thing. ____54____, as health-tracking technology becomes increasingly common – even kids use fitness apps – it is important to be aware that ____55____ every aspect of our lives is not necessarily healthy.
41. A. accustomed B. addicted C. blind D. grateful
42. A. in practice B. above all C. for example D. in brief
43. A. annoying B. positive C. strange D. original
44. A. fantasy B. doubt C. exercise D. data
45. A. count B. drain C. burn D. exhaust
46. A. recover B. suffer C. adapt D. explore
47. A. advertise B. realize C. criticize D. normalize
48. A. strong B. fit C. young D. energetic
49. A. harder B. smarter C. more likely D. more beneficial
50. A. little B. special C. considerable D. immediate
51. A. guaranteed B. revealed C. damaged D. controlled
52. A. anxiety B. benefit C. pleasure D. significance
53. A. bring B. boast C. inquire D. hesitate
54. A. However B. Therefore C. Additionally D. Contrarily
55. A. assessing B. adjusting C. quantifying D. inspecting
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Eating nuts and peanuts reduces the risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke, a new study claims. Researchers found they were linked with a reduced risk of death from heart disease among people on low incomes. And they believe their findings suggest peanuts may be a cost-effective measure to improve cardiovascular(心血管)health because they are so cheap.
However, experts heeded today that salt-covered nuts would not have the same health benefits. Nuts are rich in nutrients and peanuts, although classified as one bean, have nutrients similar to tree nuts.
The new study, led by Dr Xiao-Ou Shu, of the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Tennessee, analysed various groups of people. One involved 72,000 low-income black and white men and women living in the US, the other 134,000 men and women living in Shanghai, China. In both groups, men ate more peanuts than women. In the US group, about half of the nuts consumed were peanuts, and in the Chinese group only peanut consumption was considered.
The researchers found that overall, eating nuts reduced the risk of death from heart disease. This was regardless of gender, race, body condition, smoking, alcohol consumption and conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病), high blood pressure and obesity.
In the US, the highest consumption resulted in a risk reduction of 21 percent. In the Chinese group, it was 17 percent.
Dr Shu said: “We observed no significant associations between nut or peanut consumption and risk of death due to cancer and diabetes.” She added the findings highlight the large public health impact of nut or peanut consumption in lowering deaths from heart disease - especially for their affordability. The research was published in JAMA Internal Medicine.
Dr Mitchell Katz, deputy editor of the journal, added: “Of course, peanuts are not really nuts - they are legumes since they grow in bushes, unlike tree nuts. But who cares if they help us to live longer at an affordable price ”
56. Peanuts are considered very useful in improving heart health mainly because ________.
A. nuts are rate B. people can afford to buy peanuts
C. peanuts are people’s favorite D. peanuts and nuts are the same
57. In paragraph 2, the underlined word “heeded” is probably the closest to ________.
A. warned B. protested
C. concerned D. doubted
58. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. Peanuts are classified as nuts.
B. The Chinese eat less peanuts than Americans.
C. Peanuts have no effects on cancer.
D. People don’t care about the price of the nuts.
59. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Peanuts: a best nut B. Peanuts: People’s favorite
C. Peanuts: a medicine for all D. More peanuts, fewer deaths
(B)
African elephants These beautiful beasts come close to imitating teen rebellion. Kids spend a decade with their mothers in female -dominated groups~~and ladies stay there-but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of brothers. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups. Orangutans Slow metabolisms (新陈代谢)allow them to survive food shortages—times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does.
Orcas Killer whales join their mother’s familial group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a baby’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Risk of death post-mom-death rises as kids get older. Humans Why do we take so long to bake Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature—a period that might make us more innovative. One study of teens and young adults found that youths outperformed their older generations in tasks requiring exploration and adaptation.
Harp seals A harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A baby’s only purpose during that brief period of growing is to constantly nurse gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber (鲸脂)every day. Once it’s heavy enough its weight increasing about 25 to 80 pounds it slides off the ice and. WoW spiders Every parent knows that tired kids love to take a piggyback ride. The wolf spider straps all her youngins (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying them until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to carry them for a few days. takes on the sea.
60. Which of the following live their families for the longest time
A. African elephants. B. Orangutans.
C. Orcas. D. Humans.
61. What do orangutans and humans have in common
A. Both are good at surviving food shortages.
B. Both need a relatively long time to mature.
C. Both get more intelligent than old generations.
D. Both are able to slow down their metabolisms.
62. Which of the following statements is true of harp seals
A. Their childhood lasts even shorter than wolf spiders.
B. Their weight generally ranges from 25 to 80 pounds.
C. They can gain about six pounds each day before they go to the sea.
D. They usually nurse each other during the first 12 days of their life.
(C)
Insects are disappearing. The world has 25 per cent fewer terrestrial insects now than in 1990. This includes those we rely on to pollinate our crops and clean our rivers. If we don’t solve this problem very soon, some species will disappear.
There are many causes for the insect decline, but insecticides (杀虫剂) are a major part of the problem. Those used today are longer lasting and up to 10,000 times more toxic than some that were banned in the 1970s. Adding to the problem is that these pesticides are now applied to crops prophylactically (预防地) and used whether pests are present or not.
Overall, the amount of pesticide applied to the land is decreasing, but this is a grossly misleading statistic. A recent paper found that, between 2005 and 2015, there was a 40 per cent reduction in the amount of pesticide applied to crops measured by weight. But because modem insecticides are so much more toxic, the global toxicity of treated land to pollinating insects has more than doubled in the same period.
Governments and regulating agencies are aware of the problem, and some parts of the world have moved to ban the use of certain insecticides outdoors in an attempt to help bees survive. But the pesticides used instead are just as toxic.
One often-touted approach is to use pesticide-free pest control methods. These varied techniques are gathered under the name of integrated pest management (IPM) and have been around for decades. They offer effective crop protection and include methods such as crop rotation and the use of natural predators. But their adoption has been incredibly slow, because spraying pesticides is viewed as an easier option. As a result, IPM methods are unfortunately seldom used today
Neither changing insecticides nor shifting to IPM is a quick fix. We argue instead that we need a subtle shift in focus, away from killing pests and towards protecting crops.
By using the minimal dose we need to protect crops, we could reduce the amount of insecticide to a fraction of what is used today. Farmers would benefit from these changes. They would spend less money on pesticides and improve crop production by keeping health pollinator insects about. Reducing insecticide doses won’t solve the insect decline problem but it is a move that could win us time to make food production more sustainable and reconcile (使和谐) farmlands and the natural ecosystems we crucially depend on. And that will allow insects to recover.
63. According to the passage, which of the statements is NOT true about the insect decline
A. Currently-used pesticides are much more toxic than before.
B. Pesticides have played a key role in reducing the number of insects.
C. The amount of pesticides used is much more than before.
D. The toxicity in pesticides lasts longer than before.
64. Which of the following can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5
A. Broadly-publicized. B. Recently-created.
C. Frequently-criticized. D. Generally-proved.
65. What is the best way to treat the insect decline
A. To protect crops rather than killing out insects.
B. To raise large-scale natural predators of insects.
C. To search and develop new pesticides.
D. To shift to the IPM pesticide-controlling method.
66. What is the best title for this passage
A. Insects control — there is still a long way to go
B. Insects decline! Take measures right now
C. New findings in the field of insects control
D. Shift in pesticide use could help insects recover
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
you need.
A. We tried to moderate that discount rate down somewhat. B. There will be 25% fewer freshmen than the school had banked on. C. The decline is supposed to continue. D. Fewer students will choose the school due to its high tuition. E. Layoffs are ‘a last option’, a spokeswoman sad. F. However the number of students is assumed to return to normal.
Student Drought Bits Smaller Universities
As Loyola University New Orleans is getting ready for fall classes next month, the 101-year-old university faces a crisis: ____67____ ‘It was a pretty big hit,’ said Mare K. Manganaro, vice president for academic affairs.
Now, along with preparing for fall courses, Loyola officials are worried about how to plug a S9.5 million shortfall in the school’s S163 million annual budget, the result of 221 fewer freshmen than expected.
Since last May, the 5,000-student private college has imposed a hiring freeze, reduced faculty hours, hired outside firms to revamp its marketing and financial aid, and is setting up early-retirement packages for some faculty. If that isn’t sufficient to fill the gap, the school may tap its S275 million endowment. ____68____.
Many in higher education believe this might be a trend for smaller colleges. After decades of growth, college enrollment nationally dropped 2.3% this spring, compared with spring 2012 according to a report released by the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. ____69____ The number of U.S. high-school graduates peaked at 3.4 million in 2010-2011 and is projected to fall to 3.2 million by 2013-14, according to the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education.
Loyola has set up numerous committees to figure out what went wrong and make sure it doesn't happen again. School officials were shocked this year by the low fall turnout. The vice president for enrollment management resigned abruptly in June. Loyola officials believe a reason for the decline was a reduction in financial aid it offered to the incoming class off its $35,504 tuition, from an average discount of 58% last year to about 55% this fall.
“____70____. I think the market answered back on that” said Mr. Manganaro.
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Regular exercise can reduce a woman’s risk of cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets too little sleep, U.S. researchers said on Monday. The study involving 5,968 women in Maryland confirmed previous findings that people who do regular physical activity are less likely to develop cancer.
But when the researchers looked at the women ages 18 to 65 who were in the upper half in terms of the amount of physical exercise they got per week, they found that sleep appeared to play an important role in cancer risk.
Those who slept less than seven hours nightly had a 47 percent higher risk of cancer than those who got more sleep among the physically active women, the researchers reported at a meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research.
“We think it’s quite interesting and intriguing. It’s kind of a first look into this. It isn’t something that has been widely studied,” James McClain of the National Cancer Institute, part of the U.S. government’s National Institutes of Health, said in a telephone interview.
McClain, who led the study, said it is unclear exactly how getting too little sleep may make one more susceptible(易受感染的) to cancer. “Getting adequate sleep has been long associated with health,” McClain said.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls sleep loss an under-recognized public health problem, saying Americans are getting less and less slumber. The CDCP said the percentage of adults reporting sleeping six hours or less a night increased from 1985 to 2006. Sleep experts say chronic sleep loss is associated with obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, cardiovascular disease, depression, cigarette smoking and excessive drinking.
In addition, research had shown that people who get regular exercise have a reduced risk of breast, colon and other types of cancer. Experts think the effects of exercise on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight may play an important role.
71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这家以牛排为特色的饭店很受欢迎，顾客至少要提前两周预定。（feature）
73. 事实证据越具体，论点就越有说服力。(The more…, the more...)
直播带货虽然很火，但其带来的诸如伪劣产品和售后服务等问题也不容小觑。(Despite)
75. 与其说他是个诗人，不如说是个画家，给读者呈现了唐朝的繁荣，开放和包容的景象。 (as)
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
实验学校为了进一步丰富学校艺术节，决定在原有三个专场(分别是：书法专场、器乐专场、歌曲专场)的基础上再增加一个专场，现向广大师生征求意见。假设你是该校学生王梓，请给负责的朱老师写一封电子邮件，表达你的意见。
邮件内容须包括：1. 增加的专场的名称；2. 该专场的具体内容；3. 增加该专场的理由。
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