★绝密考试结束前 2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（八）
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. She doesn't agree. B. She enjoys night driving
C. She would like to go right now. D. She would like to wait.
2. A. A restaurant. B. A department store.
C. A coffee room. D. A hospital.
3. A. The computer needs to be fixed
B. The computer is not put in a safe place
C. Grading the papers should be easy with the help of the computer.
D. Some teachers prefer to go over the papers by hand
4. A. To apologize. B. To stay where he is.
C. To stand at the end of the queue. D. To stand beside the woman.
5. A. $1.40. B. $4.30. C. $6.40. D. $8.60.
6. A. A big one. B. An expensive one.
C.One far away from the city. D. One close to her husband's workplace.
7. A. The woman is good at gardening.
B. The woman hires a good gardener.
C. The man offers to do the gardening for the woman.
D. The man wants to hire the woman to do the gardening.
8. A. John is fully occupied with his studies. B.John doesn’t like camping trips.
C. John is a poor student. D. John will go camping on Sunday
9. A. The team will win the next game. B. The team has done well so far.
C. The team will not win the next game. D. The team doesn't seem to be working well.
10. A. He has some work to do. B. The woman is going to do that.
C. His boss is coming to see him. D. He doesn't feel like eating any bread today.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 37 years. B. Less than 5 years.
C. About six years. D. Since he began to work.
12. A. Many people. B. Nobody.
C. About 37 people. D. Very few people.
13. A. A quarter. B. 37 percent.
C. One half. D. One-fifth.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14. A. Two. B.Five. C. Four. D. Ten.
15. A. In January. B.In November. C. In July. D. In May.
16. A. Decided by the party leader. B. Elected by votes of the party members.
C. Elected by their amount of money. D. Decided by the candidate.
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The reasons for quitting the job. B. The dream of the past.
C. The work in overseas. D. The favorite company
18. A. He wants to find a better job. B.He cannot get along well with his colleagues.
C.His wants to work nearby his parents’ home. D. He is not satisfied with his salary
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
19. A. Because she is leaving Japan for London. B. Because she is quite missing London.
C. Because she is leaving London for Japan. D. Because she feels stressful in Japan.
20. A. It is free in all kinds of clubs in Japan. B. It is expensive in all kinds of clubs in Japan.
C. It charges higher in most clubs in London. D. It charges less in most clubs in London.
听力答案：
1-5. DACCB 6-10. DAABA 11-13. CDB 14-16. ABB 17-20.ACAC
备注：听力文字稿附在文档末尾
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Japan’s Seniors Discover New Way to Stay Young: Competitive Video-gaming
Sixty-six-year-old Atsuko Oyama shares a goal ____21____(hold) by many people a half-century younger. She wants to get 100 kills in the first-person shooter video-game “Apex Legends.”
E-sports promoters who have seen Japan ____22____(fall) behind powerhouses such as the U. S. in video-game competitions think the senior market ____23____ be the way to catch up. And if the over-65 set feels a little more energized after winning over a few rival warriors, so much the better.
Japan is the world’s oldest nation, and its efforts to boost the size of its younger population have been mostly unsuccessful. It is, however, at the forefront of initiatives ____24____ (keep) old people thinking younger.
Ms. Oyama, ____25____ player name is Mama, tried out for the team known as the Matagi Snipers after her daughter saw an ad asking for players. She now practices a couple of hours a day at home, sometimes going to acupuncture(针灸)to take care of her tired neck.
The Matagi Snipers, named for a traditional group of bear hunters in northern Japan, ____26____ (practice) since September at their home base in northern Akita prefecture.
____27____ an average age of 68, the 14-person team hopes eventually to compete in professional tournaments in first-person shooter titles such as “Apex Legends,” from Electronic Arts Inc., and Epic Games Inc.’s “Fortnite.”
Before they can gun for prize money or monetize YouTube page views, they need to heed the guidance of coach Yoshito “Lemon” Suda, 28. Some members, to his surprise, didn’t know ____28____ to use a computer, let alone play a video-game.
“For the first month, it was more like a gathering of some good friends,” Mr. Suda said. “I had to give them a pep talk and tell them, ‘You’re not here for that. You’re going to be professional.’”
The members took it to heart, he said, and now he sees some online playing at midnight.
Mr. Suda begins each practice session with a lecture. After the lecture, it was time to play. Masashi “K” Shinoda, 69, was having a hard time ____29____(sense) the presence of enemies.
Coach Lemon motivates his team by telling them age is an advantage. “There is a huge difference in social experience between people who have lived only 20 years versus 60 years,” he said. Younger players tend to be more violent ____30____ older players can communicate better and lean on teamwork.
【答案】21. held 22. fall##falling 23. might##may##could##can 24. to keep 25. whose
26. have been practicing 27. With##At 28. how 29. sensing 30. while
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本老年人发现了保持年轻的新方法：竞争性视频游戏。
【21题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：66岁的Atsuko Oyama和许多比他年轻半个世纪的人有着相同的目标。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语goal之间是逻辑被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填held。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词作补语。句意：看到日本在电子游戏竞赛中落后于美国等强国的电子竞技推广者认为，老年市场可能是追赶之路。设空处在句中为非谓语，固定短语see sb do/doing sth看见某人做过或者正在做某事，省略to的不定式或者现在分词作宾补。故填fall或者falling。
【23题详解】
考查情态动词。句意见上题解析。设空处表示“可能”应为might或者may或者could或者can。故填might或者may或者could或者can。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，它是让老年人保持年轻思维的前沿举措。设空处在句中为非谓语动词作表语，表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式。故填to keep。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大山女士的玩家名叫Mama，在她的女儿看到一个招募球员的广告后，她参加了名为“Matagi狙击手”(Matagi sniper)的球队的选拔。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中定语，先行词为Ms. Oyama，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【26题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：Matagi狙击手以日本北部一个传统猎熊团体的名字命名，自去年9月以来，他们一直在位于秋田县北部的基地练习。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语since September和语境，可知表示从过去一直持续到现在并且一直在进行的动作，应用现在完成进行时，主语为the Matagi Snipers(Matagi狙击手)，结合主谓一致。故填have been practicing。
【27题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个平均年龄68岁的14人团队希望最终能参加第一人称射击游戏的职业锦标赛，如“Apex Legends”。固定短语with/at an average age of…平均年龄为……。故填With或者At。
【28题详解】
考查疑问副词。句意：令他惊讶的是，一些成员并不知道怎么用电脑，更别说玩电子游戏了。分析句子的结构可知，此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，表示“如何，怎么”应用how。故填how。
【29题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：69岁的Shinoda Masashi “K”很难感觉到敌人的存在。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语have a hard time (in) doing sth做某事有困难。故填sensing。
【30题详解】
考查连词。句意：年轻的玩家往往更暴力，而年长的玩家可以更好地沟通，依靠团队合作。根据上句“younger players (年轻球员)”和后句的“older players (老球员)”表示对比，应用连词while而，然而(表示对比)。故填while。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. clarify B. consistent C. conversely D. criteria E. misinterpreted F. perceived G. qualify H. reflection I. significance J. simultaneously K. valuable
In recent years we’ve all become more health conscious. However, in doing so we seem to have____31____health. Health is no longer something everyone is born with. Health is a commodity. It is something you can have more of. And to____32____for this extra health you have to buy a tracksuit, eat vitamin pills, have a therapist and learn to do one-handed press-ups.
This all sounds quite harmless — until you realise it implies that people who are not perfectly formed, who are not young, sporty and sun-tanned, are less____33____people. We all want to be healthy but we should perhaps come down off the exercise bike and____34____what the word health actually means.
For a start, health is not beauty and fitness. You can have wonderful hair and huge muscles, while your internal organs are in a terrible state. The outer person is not a direct____35____of the inner person. Second, health is not a purely physical state. It’s mental as well. There are lots of fit people who are not psychologically sound and,____36____, a lot of quite seriously disabled people who are bright, happy and perfectly in tune with themselves. Besides, the____37____for physical and mental health are a matter of opinion, containing a strong social element. There’s a tribe in the Amazon rainforest which regards you as unwell if you don’t have marks of fungal (真菌) infection on your skin.
Taking all this into account, health is a terribly difficult word to define. It is nevertheless of grave____38____to do so, because unless we know what health is we don’t know what to aim for. My own favourite definition of health is ‘psychological health is the ability to love and to work’. It’s an easy thing to aim for and at the same time very difficult to arrive at. There are, however, occasional moments in everyone’s life when you experience,____39____, a great love for those around you and also a great sense of personal fulfilment. These brief moments are very hard to achieve, but they are_____40_____as a more worthwhile aim in life than trying to look like a supermodel.
【答案】31. E 32. G 33. K 34. A 35. H 36. C 37. D 38. I 39. J 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。健康不再是每个人与生俱来的东西。健康是一种商品。这是你可以拥有更多的东西。为了获得这种额外的健康，你必须买运动服，吃维生素片，请心理医生，并学会做单手俯卧撑。文章主要解释了一些和健康相关的误区和观念。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，我们这样做似乎误解了健康。作谓语，结合句意表示“误解”应用动词misinterpret，结合上文have可知为to have done形式。故填misinterpreted。故选E。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：为了获得这种额外的健康，你必须买运动服，吃维生素片，请心理医生，并学会做单手俯卧撑。结合句意表示“获得”可知应填动词qualify，此处为不定式作目的状语。故填qualify。故选G。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一切听起来都是无害的，直到你意识到这意味着那些身材不完美的人，那些不年轻、不爱运动、晒得黝黑的人是不那么有价值的人。结合句意表示“有价值的”可知应填形容词valuable，作定语。故填valuable。故选K。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们都想要健康，但也许我们应该从健身自行车上下来，弄清楚健康这个词的真正含义。结合句意表示“弄清楚”可知应填动词clarify，且should后跟动词原形。故填clarify。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：外在的人并不是内在人的直接反映。作表语，结合句意表示“反映”应用名词reflection，不定冠词提示用单数。故填reflection。故选H。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：有许多健康的人心理上并不健康，相反，有许多严重残疾的人却聪明、快乐、与自己完全合拍。修饰后文句子应用副词，结合句意表示“相反”可知应填副词conversely。故填conversely。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，身心健康的标准是一个意见问题，包含了强烈的社会因素。作主语，表示“标准”应填复数名词criteria。故填criteria。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，这样做是有重大意义的，因为除非我们知道什么是健康，否则我们就不知道要追求什么。作宾语，表示“重大意义”应用名词significance，不可数。故填significance。故选I。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在每个人的生活中，都有偶尔的时刻，你会同时体验到对周围人的巨大爱和巨大的个人成就感。修饰后文句子应用副词，结合句意表示“同时”可知应填simultaneously。故填simultaneously。故选J。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：这些短暂的瞬间很难实现，但它们被认为是比试图看起来像一个超模更有价值的人生目标。作谓语，结合句意表示“认为”应用动词perceived，短语be perceived as表示“被认为是……”。故填perceived。故选F。
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Tricky Pictures
With bold, swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors, Vincent van Gogh’s stirring Starry Night brings to life a unique sky. It’s one of the most famous paintings in the world. And ____41____ the scenic canvas (画布) can make museum visitors feel…starstruck.
But seeing the masterpiece framed on a gallery wall isn’t the only way that art fans can experience its emotional impact. In fact, some exhibits give people a chance to be ____42____ by van Gogh’s celebrated scene. They find themselves surrounded by colors that dance before their eyes and ripple at their feet. These exhibitions, in which moving images are ____43____ projected onto walls, columns, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves, are examples of immersive art.
Immersive art doesn’t ____44____ a pedestal (基座) or hang on a wall next to a plaque (匾) printed with facts. And don’t expect it to fit in a frame or ____45____ familiar expectations. While immersive art can be hard to characterize, it is generally a multisensory, ____46____ experience that engages viewers and makes them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain — immersive art is ____47____ popular, selling out tickets in cities around the world.
Van Gogh sold just one painting during his lifetime and only gained ____48____ after his death, but now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar. The 19th-century painter’s work has been displayed in a lot of exhibitions ____49____ immense images furnished with animation and accompanied by music, voices, and background sound.
Another interactive hot spot with a DIY vibe is The House of Eternal Return in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The venue (场所) is ____50____ to over 70 rooms of surreal art. It’s run by the artistic cooperative Meow Wolf, which describes the project as a “multidimensional mystery house with secret passages and ____51____ to magical worlds.” ____52____, what looks like a perfectly normal refrigerator door is the gateway to a hidden tunnel…and an unusual artistic adventure.
The growing awareness of immersive art is partly ____53____ by social media. As visitors post selfies filled with van Gogh’s intense palette or videos of friends stepping into a fantastical fridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds. Meanwhile, traditional artists are beginning to follow the trend, ____54____ immersive techniques and technologies in their works. That’s because many curators and creators share a ____55____ goal — to help more people get into art!
41. A. listening to B. gazing at C. scanning through D. hearing about
42. A. enveloped B. marveled C. absorbed D. pursued
43. A. electrically B. digitally C. practically D. completely
44. A. rest on B. frame on C. depend on D. fix on
45. A. stand out B. figure out C. stick to D. distinguish with
46. A. energetic B. prosperous C. harmonious D. interactive
47. A. unexpectedly B. suspiciously C. partially D. undoubtedly
48. A. recognition B. wonder C. wealth D. definition
49. A. causing B. featuring C. characterizing D. advocating
50. A. home B. branch C. location D. trend
51. A. limits B. solutions C. links D. talents
52. A. In fact B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. For instance
53. A. powered B. published C. permitted D. pointed
54. A. employing B. recognizing C. occupying D. contributing
55. A. common B. commercial C. courageous D. confidential
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们利用沉浸式艺术让人们能够身临其境地体验梵高的画作，以及这种技术的拓展使用。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：凝视风景如画的画布会让博物馆的游客感到被星星所吸引。 A. listening to倾听；B. gazing at凝视；C. scanning through扫描；D. hearing about听说。根据下文的“make museum visitors feel…starstruck”可知，此处用短语gazing at，表示“凝视”画布，也就是观看画作，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，一些展览让人们有机会被梵高的著名场景包围。A. enveloped包围；B. marveled赞叹；C. absorbed吸收；D. pursued追求。根据下文“They find themselves surrounded by colors that dance before their eyes and ripple at their feet”可知，此处用enveloped与by搭配表示被场景“包围”，故选A。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这些展览中，移动的图像被数字投影到墙壁、柱子、地板上，有时还投射到观众自己身上，这是沉浸式艺术的例子。 A. electrically电力地；B. digitally数字地；C. practically实际地；D. completely完全地。根据下文“projected onto walls, columns, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves”可知，此处用副词digitally修饰动词projected，表示“数字化地投射”，符合语境。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉浸式艺术不会停留在基座上，也不会挂在墙上印着事实的牌匾旁边。A. rest on停留在；B. frame on装框架；C. depend on依靠；D. fix on使集中于。根据下文“a pedestal”可知，沉浸式艺术不会停留在基座上。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要期望它符合一个框架或坚持熟悉的期望。A. stand out突出，显眼；B. figure out解决，算出；C. stick to遵守，坚持；D. distinguish with区分。根据上文“Immersive art doesn’t___4____a pedestal (基座) or hang on a wall next to a plaque (匾) printed with facts”可知，此处表示不要期待它会遵循熟悉的期待，故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然沉浸式艺术很难描述，但它通常是一种多感官的互动体验，吸引观众，让他们感觉自己是艺术品的一部分。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. prosperous繁荣的；C. harmonious和谐的；D. interactive互动的。根据下文“that engages viewers and makes them feel like part of the artwork”可知，此处是有互动体验的，故选D。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一件事是肯定的——沉浸式艺术无疑很受欢迎，在世界各地的城市门票售罄。A. unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. suspiciously怀疑地；C. partially部分地；D. undoubtedly无疑地。根据下文“selling out tickets in cities around the world”可知，身临其境的艺术是很受欢迎的，所以此处用undoubtedly表示是“毫无疑问地”受欢迎的，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高一生只卖出了一幅画，在他死后才得到认可，但现在他是沉浸式艺术的最大巨星。A. recognition认可；B. wonder奇迹；C. wealth财富；D. definition定义。根据下文“but now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar”可知，梵高死后，他和他的作品被认可了，故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位19世纪画家的作品在许多展览中展出，以巨大的图像为特色，配有动画，并伴有音乐、声音和背景音。A. causing导致；B. featuring以……为特色；C. characterizing描述，刻画；D. advocating提倡。根据下文“immense images furnished with animation”可知，作品以巨大的图像为特色。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有70多个超现实艺术房间。A. home家，所在地；B. branch树枝，分支；C. location位置；D. trend趋势。根据下文“to over 70 rooms of surreal art”可知，这里有70多个超现实艺术房间，be home to意为“是……的所在地”，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是由艺术合作机构Meow Wolf经营的，它将这个项目描述为“一个多维的神秘房子，有秘密通道，与魔法世界相连。”A. limits极限、限制；B. solutions解决方案；C. links联系；D. talents天赋。根据下文的“what looks like a perfectly normal refrigerator door is the gateway to a hidden tunnel…and an unusual artistic adventure”可知，句子表示“一个多维的神秘房子，有秘密通道，与魔法世界相连”，故选C。
【52题详解】
考查固定短语和副词辨析。句意：例如，看似完全正常的冰箱门其实是通往一条隐藏隧道的大门，以及一场不寻常的艺术冒险。A. In fact事实上；B. Therefore因此；C. Furthermore此外；D. For instance例如。根据下文“what looks like a perfectly normal refrigerator door is the gateway to a hidden tunnel…and an unusual artistic adventure”可知，这是举例说明，所以此处用For instance表示举例子。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉浸式艺术的意识日益增强，在一定程度上是由社交媒体推动的。A. powered推动；B. published出版；C. permitted允许；D. pointed指。根据下文“As visitors post selfies filled with van Gogh’s intense palette or videos of friends stepping into a fantastical fridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds”可知，沉浸式艺术的意识日益增强，在一定程度上是由社交媒体推动的。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，传统博物馆也在追随这一趋势，在画廊中运用沉浸式技术。A. employing运用；B. recognizing辨认；C. occupying占用；D. contributing贡献。根据下文“immersive techniques and technologies in their works”可知，传统博物馆也在追随这一趋势，在画廊中运用沉浸式技术，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是因为许多策展人和创作者都有一个共同的目标——帮助更多人进入艺术！A. common共同的；B. commercial商业的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. confidential机密的。根据下文“to help more people get into art”可知，策展人和创作者都有一个共同的目标。故选A。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I was 12 years old when my life changed forever. It was just before the end of the school day, and my teacher told me that my mum had asked me to go home immediately. There was a police car in the driveway, and I heard the sound of my sister crying in the living room. My mum took me upstairs and told me that my dad had died. I remember crying like forever.
Then my uncle sat me down and told me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sporty red one, and I thought he must have crashed. So it was shocking to learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discovered that he had been trying to help someone. Our cleaner had been going through a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her post delivered to our house so her partner couldn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly.
It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. Even 30 years on, it can be a challenge. It’s like a coping surviving mechanism and I still work through it today — but that’s life living with sorrow.
During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. Actually for many years, I used to question why I was still feeling this way, but you come to realize there is no set pattern to sorrow. It’s not a quick-fix process; it’s not even a fixable process. It’s something you have to live with, and you take comfort wherever you can find it.
For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. And through your own unique journey, you’ll get to the point of understanding yourself that little bit better.
56. What can we learn about the death of the writer’s father
A. He died a slow and painful death.
B. He was killed in a car crash.
C. He suffered from a heart attack.
D. He was cruelly murdered.
57. The writer initially managed the pain of losing his father by ________.
A. remembering every happy moment spent with his father
B. blocking memories related to his father
C. seeking a fixed pattern to overcome sorrow
D. going to the doctor for consultation
58. What will the writer probably say to the woman who lost her beloved husband 4 years ago
A. With time passing by, you are sure to recover from the pain.
B. Talking and writing about loss is a quick-fix process for you.
C. Whatever feeling you have gone through is natural and normal.
D. If you are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a good idea.
59. The article is written to ________.
A. share a heartbreaking personal story
B. honor the memory of the writer’s father
C. highlight the need for personal safety
D. guide others how to face loss
【答案】56. D 57. B 58. C 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者12岁的时候，父亲被谋杀了。从此，他一直带着悲伤生活。他发现悲伤并没有固定的模式，这不是一个快速解决的过程；这甚至不是一个可以修复的过程。他想告诉那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，要放松自己。他并不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活。通过你自己独特的旅程，你会更好地理解自己。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly. (爸爸把她的信给了她，但她的伴侣看到了他，偷了一把刀，跑到家里刺穿了爸爸的心脏，他当场就死了)”可知，作者的父亲被残忍地杀害了。故选D。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. (我花了很长时间才能够回忆起和爸爸在一起的快乐时光。就好像你的大脑不让你记起来，因为太痛苦了)”可推知，作者最初通过屏蔽与父亲有关的记忆来控制失去父亲的痛苦。故选B。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. (在过去的几年里，我发现交谈和写作对我有很大的帮助。它帮助我承认发生了什么，让我看到这些感觉是完全正常的)”及最后一段中的“For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者可能会对四年前失去挚爱丈夫的女人说：无论你经历了什么感觉都是自然和正常的。故选C。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据作者对自己亲身经历的陈述及最后一段中的“For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了指导别人如何面对失去亲人的痛苦。故选D。
(B)
FOUR BOOKS YOU SHOULD READ
Caroline Leavitt Cruel Beautiful World At age 16 Lucy is a lonely orphan living with older sister Charlotte and devoted aunt Iris in Waltham, Massachusetts. On the last day of school, she runs away with her 30-year-old teacher, William, and settles in a hillside shack in rural Pennsylvania, near his new teaching job. Though Lucy feels increasingly isolated, William won’t allow her any outlet. Leavitt draws upon a real-life crime that involved a girl she knew in high school. She tells her story from multiple viewpoints, building tension and empathy for Lucy and Charlotte as tragedy swallows them.
Steven Price By Gaslight Price, an award-winning Canadian poet, achieves an extraordinary achievement of Dickensian storytelling in his weighty second novel. His hero is William Pinkerton, son of the founder of the legendary detective agency, who finds clues in his late father’s safe to the case of William Shade. This mythic thief had disturbed and upset his father. William tracks a Shade accomplice（共犯）, Charlotte Reckitt, to London, only to find she’s been found dead in the Thames. Also on the scene is Adam Foole, who is obsessed with Charlotte, who he met while stealing De Beers diamonds from a South African mine. Price ably arranges dozens of interlinking plotlines as he spans three continents and several decades, from American Civil War battlefields to Scotland Yard at the end of the 19th Century.
GeFei The Invisibility Cloak Beijing-based GeFei (pen name for Liu Yong) won the 2015 Mao Dun Literature Prize for fiction “describing the changing spirit of Chinese society” over the past century. The Invisibility Cloak, his first English publication, revolves around Cui, a divorced man who creates customized hi-fi speakers for Beijing’s newly wealthy and a few intellectuals. Beijing’s rapid expansion has left Cui longing for an invisible life away from the city. His chance comes when he agrees to build a world-class sound system for a gangster（黑社会老大）. GeFei’s nice irony, translated from the Chinese by Canaan Morse, should find many fans.
Tim Harford Messy The temptation to be neat and tidy may be powerful, but “we would be better served by embracing a degree of mess,” Harford argues. His defense of the creative potential of the imperfect, crude, random, vague, difficult, diverse and even dirty is refreshing. Reaching into the arts, politics, business, science and technology, Harford makes a compelling case for opening up to disorder and luck.
60. Which author does NOT tell a story in his / her work listed above
A. Caroline Leavitt B. Steven Price
C. GeFei D. Tim Harford
61. Jack is an American who would like everything to be neat and tidy. He loves reading novels with ironic humor and detective stories. He is going to work and live in Beijing for the next three years, and he is very curious about the place he is soon heading to. Which book will he most likely choose to read now
A. Cruel Beautiful World B. By Gaslight
C. The Invisibility Cloak D. Messy
62. This page is intended for people who want to ______.
A. buy newly-published books at a discount
B. recommend books to friends and family
C. know what books are worthwhile to read
D. understand the current trend in literature
【答案】60. D 61. C 62. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了四本书的主要内容。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。由“The temptation to be neat and tidy may be powerful, but “we would be better served by embracing a degree of mess,” Harford argues. His defense of the creative potential of the imperfect, crude, random, vague, difficult, diverse and even dirty is refreshing. Reaching into the arts, politics, business, science and technology, Harford makes a compelling case for opening up to disorder and luck.”可知，Tim Harford讲述的是对不完美、粗糙、随意、模糊、困难、多样甚至肮脏的创作潜力的辩护，没有在他的作品中讲述故事。故D选项正确
【61题详解】
推理判断题。由“Beijing-based GeFei (pen name for Liu Yong) won the 2015 Mao Dun Literature Prize for fiction “describing the changing spirit of Chinese society” over the past century. The Invisibility Cloak, his first English publication,………. for Beijing’s newly wealthy and a few intellectuals. Beijing’s rapid expansion has left Cui longing for an invisible life away from the city.”可知，The Invisibility Cloak描述的是中国社会精神的变化。杰克是一个美国人。他将在北京工作和生活三年，对即将去的地方非常好奇，他现在最可能读 “The Invisibility Cloak ” 。故C选项正确。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，每一本书都简要的介绍了书籍的主要内容。目的是让读者了解内容，并确定是否需要去读。所以这篇文章是为那些想知道哪些书值得一读的人准备的，故C选项正确。
(C)
Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.
“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.
The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient(短期的)investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been called “quarterly capitalism”.
In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities(股票), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.
In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.
Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure(披露)of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.
Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.
63. One reason for imposing the new rule is the regulations _________.
A. enhance banker’s sense of responsibility
B. help corporations achieve larger profits
C. build a new system of financial regulation
D. guarantee the bonuses of top executives
64. What can be learned about “Short-termism” from the passage
A. Children always pursue short-term profits by eating strawberries first.
B. The influence of it on the companies can be negative in the long run.
C. It will bring high profits for the company, thus keeping its customers.
D. Digital technology acts as a dominant contributor to its worsening.
65. The US and France examples in paragraph 5 and 6 are used to illustrate ________.
A. the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”
B. the significance of long-term thinking
C. the approaches to promoting “long-termism”
D. the popularity of short-term thinking
66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. Failure of Quarterly Capitalism
B. Patience as a Corporate Virtue
C. Decisiveness Required of Top Executives
D. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers
【答案】63. A 64. B 65. C 66. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为新闻报道。文章介绍了英国金融法规实施了一条不寻常的规定，让银行家为不良风险负责并修复公众对金融机构的信任。所有的公司都要做出“长期”投资，为子孙后代建设更强的经济。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks.(英国的金融法规对大银行的老板实施了一项相当不寻常的规定。)”以及第三句“The main purpose of this ‘clawback’ rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.(这项‘clawback’规则的主要目的是让银行家为有害的风险承担责任，并修复公众对金融机构的信任。)”可知，实施新规则的原因是要强化银行家的责任感。故选A。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Transient (短期的) investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. (短期的投资者对公司的季度利润要求很高，他们可能会阻碍公司投资于长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力。)”以及第四段“In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities(股票), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. ‘There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,’ said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.(此外，新的数字技术使得股票交易更加迅速，信息使用更加迅速，从而缩短了金融市场的注意力。‘只注重短期效益的思维方式似乎有优势是以牺牲长期投资为代价，’美国证券交易委员会委员Daniel Gallagher在本周的演讲中说。)”可知“Short-termism”对于公司的长期发展是不利的，故选B。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。第五段“In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce ‘short-termism.’ In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that ‘a substantial part’ of executive pay is now tied to performance.(在美国，2002年的Sarbanes-Oxley法案已迫使多数上市公司将高管的业绩奖金推迟一年左右，这在一定程度上有助于减少‘短期主义’。《华尔街日报》对CEO薪酬的最新调查发现，高管薪酬的‘很大一部分’现在与业绩挂钩。)”以及第六段第二句“In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.(在法国，持有公司投资至少两年的股东有时可以在公司中获得更多的投票权。)”列举了美国为减少‘短期主义’投资和法国为了促进‘长期主义’投资而采取的方法。再结合第六段首句“Much more could be done to encourage ‘long-termism’, such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure(披露)of stock acquisitions. (促进“长期主义”投资还有很多方法,比如修改税法和加快股票收购的披露。)可推断出第五、六段是以美法为例来说明促进“长期主义”投资的方法。故选C。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句“Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. ...Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. (英国的金融法规对大银行的老板实施了一项相当不寻常的规定。……然而，官员们也希望获得更大的好处：不仅是银行，而且所有企业都能做出更长期的决策，为子孙后代建设更强大的经济。)” 可知英国颁布的新规定是为了促进金融投资的“长期主义的规划”。文章尾段“Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term. (英国的新规定提醒银行家们，社会对他们的表现感兴趣，不仅是短期的，而且是长期的。)”再次呼应首段：英国新政府提醒银行家们注重“长期主义”投资，长期的投资需要耐心（patience）。由此可知B选项“Patience as a Corporate Virtue(耐心是公司的美德)”可以概括全文，为最佳标题。故选B。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
We live in a world of advertising. Advertising is a pervasive method of marketing in society. Though the methods by which marketers advertise have changed over the decades, the role and purpose of advertising has shifted very little.
____67____. Whether presented in newspapers and magazines or on television or the Internet, it serves to promote a wide range of products. What is being presented to the public is usually a product or service, such as a car or camera. Yet it may also be an idea, as in "Vote for Jones", or an event, as in "Watch the World Series on this channel tomorrow!” Without advertising, people would have a difficult time knowing where goods could be bought or even certain goods or services existed.
Advertising began with town criers in ancient Greece, who called out the name of items available in the market. ____68____ The first printed ads appeared in England in 1480, and newspaper ads began in 1648. In the twentieth century extensive new fields for advertising opened up with the invention of radio and television.
____69____ For example, radio and television ads are costly. But they reach a vast audience. This makes them worthwhile and cost-effective for the advertisers. Newspaper ads can feature coupons or information that can be clipped and saved. Magazines often appeal directly to special groups, such as sports fans or teenagers. Other forms of advertising include direct mail, e-mail, billboards.
Do business owners themselves think up all those ads For the most part, they hire qualified agencies to create their advertising. An advertising agency plans a company’s ads. It also does research. It surveys the market and tests different approaches to determine the most effective way to sell the greatest amount of the product.
How can we be sure that an ad is accurate Two government agencies, the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration, check ads against false claims. The Postal Service watches for fraudulent (欺骗性的) ads sent by mail. State and local governments also have watchdog agencies. ____70____
A. Advertising is a means of bringing information to the public.
B. Printed ads are found in newspapers and magazines.
C. Ancient Egyptians carved announcements on stones.
D. Advertisers who trick the public face heavy fines or other punishment.
E. Advertisers use whichever means, or media they think will work best for them.
F. Advertising developed with the rise of mass production in the late 19th century.
【答案】67. A 68. C 69. E 70. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广告这种无处不在的营销手段。
【67题详解】
根据下文“Whether presented in newspapers and magazines or on television or the Internet, it serves to promote a wide range of products. （无论是在报纸和杂志或电视或互联网上，它服务于推广广泛的产品。）”可知，本段主要讲述了广告的作用。A项：Advertising is a means of bringing information to the public.（广告是向公众提供信息的一种手段。）符合语境。故选A。
【68题详解】
根据上文“Advertising began with town criers in ancient Greece, who called out the name of items available in the market. （广告始于古希腊的叫卖员，他们叫卖市场上可买到的商品的名称。）”和下文“The first printed ads appeared in England in 1480, and newspaper ads began in 1648. In the twentieth century extensive new fields for advertising opened up with the invention of radio and television.（第一次印刷广告出现在1480年的英国，报纸广告开始于1648年。在二十世纪，广播和电视的发明为广告开辟了广阔的新领域。）”可知，本段主要在介绍广告的历史发展进程。C项：Ancient Egyptians carved announcements on stones.（古埃及人把公告刻在石头上。）符合语境。故选C。
【69题详解】
根据下文“But they reach a vast audience. This makes them worthwhile and cost-effective for the advertisers. Newspaper ads can feature coupons or information that can be clipped and saved. Magazines often appeal directly to special groups, such as sports fans or teenagers. Other forms of advertising include direct mail, e-mail, billboards.（但它们的受众非常广泛。这使得它们对广告商来说是值得的和划算的。报纸广告可以以优惠券或信息为特色，可以剪切和保存。杂志经常直接吸引特殊群体，如体育迷或青少年。其他形式的广告包括直接邮寄，电子邮件，广告牌。）”可知，本段主要讲述了广告商会选择使用最适合他们的方式或媒体。E项中的“means”、“media”和下文中的“Newspaper ads ”、“magazines”对应。E项：Advertisers use whichever means, or media they think will work best for them.（广告商使用他们认为最适合他们的方式或媒体。）符合语境。故选E。
【70题详解】
根据上文“Two government agencies, the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration, check ads against false claims. The Postal Service watches for fraudulent ads sent by mail. State and local governments also have watchdog agencies.（两个政府机构，联邦贸易委员会和食品和药物管理局，检查广告，防止虚假声明。邮政服务监视通过邮件发送的虚假广告。州和地方政府也有监督机构。）”可知，本段主要讲述了对于虚假广告的惩罚。D项：Advertisers who trick the public face heavy fines or other punishment.（欺骗公众的广告商将面临重罚或其他惩罚。）符合语境。故选D。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Biographers (传记作家) gather information from many different sources. Legal documents and personal papers can reveal facts such as a person’s birthplace, income, number of children, and lifespan. Letters or a diary may contain valuable information about the person’s friends and activities, thoughts and feelings. All of these materials are called primary sources because they contain firsthand information ---- information that does not depend on the opinions or interpretations of others.
A biographer also checks secondary sources. The subject’s friends and relatives may be interviewed. If the subject died long ago, the biographer looks for anything written about him or her. Secondary sources supply secondhand information, and so a biographer must use them with care. The subject’s friends will want the biography to be favorable, while others may wish it to be unfavorable. The biographer must avoid both extremes. The biographer’s job is not to make readers like or dislike the subject, but to give as complete and truthful a picture of the person as possible. This means the biography should include both good and bad qualities, both accomplishments and mistakes. James Boswell, the author of a great biography of his friend Samuel Johnson, wrote, “And he will be seen as he really was; for I profess to write, not his panegyric (颂文), which must all praise, but his life, which, great and good as he was, must not be supposed to be entirely perfect.”
Much biographical writing falls short of Boswell’s standards. Ancient records of the deeds of kings and emperors were written to praise and flatter these rulers. Writers of saints’ (圣人) lives in the Middle Ages were often more interested in the moral message than the events of a life. Many 19th-century biographers did not reveal any improper or embarrassing details of their subjects’ lives. Though they may be interesting or inspiring, these works fail as biographies chiefly because their purpose is to point up a moral rather than describe an individual.
71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A biographer collects information from primary sources and secondary sources. The former contain firsthand information about the subject’s life, while the latter supply other people’s opinions about the subject. As a qualified biographer, he should be objective in describing the subject completely and truthfully, (just as James Boswell did.) However, quite a few biographies fail to do so.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传记作家的资料来源以及作为一名合格的传记作家，应该客观、完整、真实地描述主题。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①All of these materials are called primary sources because they contain firsthand information ---- information that does not depend on the opinions or interpretations of others.
②A biographer also checks secondary sources.
③The subject’s friends and relatives may be interviewed. If the subject died long ago, the biographer looks for anything written about him or her.
④The biographer’s job is not to make readers like or dislike the subject, but to give as complete and truthful a picture of the person as possible.
⑤Much biographical writing falls short of Boswell’s standards.
2.缜密构思
将1、2、3三个要点进行重组，将4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
A biographer collects information from primary sources and secondary sources. The former contain firsthand information about the subject’s life, while the latter supply other people’s opinions about the subject.
As a qualified biographer, he should be objective in describing the subject completely and truthfully.
However, quite a few biographies fail to do so.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The former contain firsthand information about the subject’s life, while the latter supply other people’s opinions about the subject.（while连接并列的句子）
[高分句型2]
As a qualified biographer, he should be objective in describing the subject completely and truthfully, (just as James Boswell did.)（describing为动名词作宾语）
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（occur）
【答案】It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“某人没有想过做某事”应用It hasn’t occurred to sb. to do sth.；表示“洗包”应用wash the bag，后跟though引导的让步状语从句，表示“又脏又粘”翻译为it is sticky and dirty，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
73. 他有能力处理各种棘手的事情，我们都愿意和他共事。(capable)
【答案】He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，形容词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“他”应用代词he；表示“有能力”应用短语be capable of；表示“处理”应用动词短语deal with；表示“各种”应用形容词different；表示“棘手的”应用形容词tough；表示“事情”应用名词problem的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“我们”应用代词we；表示“都”应用代词all；表示“愿意”应用短语be willing to do；表示“和……共事”应用动词短语work with；表示“他”应用代词的宾格him，作宾语；“他有能力处理各种棘手的事情”和“我们都愿意和他共事”是因果关系，所以用连词so来连接。这句话描述的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
74. 这家餐馆顾客至上，菜肴出众，人气攀升，值得学习。(where)
【答案】The restaurant, where the customers are given the top priority/treated with great respect and the dishes are wonderful/remarkable/outstanding, enjoys increasing popularity and is worth learning from.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词、定语从句、动词（短语）、形容词、固定句式及时态等。分析句子可知，句子应使用一般现在时，表示“顾客至上，菜肴出众”可用where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰“餐馆”，与主句用逗号隔开。表达“这家餐馆”应使用名词短语the restaurant，作主句主语；其后用连接副词where引导定语从句，指代先行词restaurant，并在从句中作状语，表达“顾客”应使用名词customers（复数），表达“至上”应使用give the top priority/treat with great respect，由于动词短语与customers之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态；表达“菜肴”应使用名词短语the dishes，作并列定语从句另一主语，表达“出众”应使用形容词wonderful/remarkable/outstanding，中间用系动词are（dishes为复数），构成主系表结构。定语从句的两分句用递进连词and连接。表达“人气攀升”应使用动词短语enjoys increasing popularity；表达“值得学习”应使用固定搭配be worth learning from。两者之间用and连接。由于主句主语the restaurant为第三人称单数，谓语动词及系动词应使用enjoys和is.故翻译为The restaurant, where the customers are given the top priority/treated with great respect and the dishes are wonderful/remarkable/outstanding, enjoys increasing popularity and is worth learning from.
75. 正如新闻发言人所述，新型零售方式——直播，可以让主持人与观众在线互动，提升消费者购物体验，刺激经济发展。(As) (汉译英)
【答案】As the spokesman said, the new retail approach, live streaming allows hosts to interact with viewers online, improve consumers’ shopping experience, and stimulate economic development.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句，固定短语，时态和主谓一致。“正如某人所述”是as sb. say，发言人是过去说的，say用过去式，是as引导的非限制性定语从句；“新闻发言人”是the spokesman，“新型零售方式”是the new retail approach，“直播”是live streaming，“可以让某人做某事”是allow sb. to do，“主持人”是hosts，“与某人互动”是interact with sb.，“观众”是viewer，用复数，“在线”是online，“提升消费者购物体验”是improve consumers’ shopping experience，“刺激经济发展”是stimulate economic development，主句为一般现在时，因此整句话翻译为“As the spokesman said, the new retail approach, live streaming allows hosts to interact with viewers online, improve consumers’ shopping experience, and stimulate economic development”。故答案为As the spokesman said, the new retail approach, live streaming allows hosts to interact with viewers online, improve consumers’ shopping experience, and stimulate economic development.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
李明的家乡正在策划一个线上旅游节，现面向全市青少年征集宣传片策划案，旨在挖掘该市的旅游资源和城市文化，开展讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音的创新实践。假设你是李明，请你写一封建议信给旅游局，谈谈你对该宣传片的构思，你的信必须包含以下的内容：
1)宣传片中城市景点介绍设计；
2)推荐原因及创新点。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I know that my hometown is planning an online tourism festival, and is collecting promotional video plans from the city’s young people, aiming to explore the city’s tourism resources and urban culture, and carry out innovative practice of telling good Chinese stories and spreading good Chinese voices. I’m writing to talk about my ideas for the video.
I think the attractions that should be included in this video are Xintiandi, the Bund and Yu Garden. The producers should use cameras to record a day of people in these three places, so that visitors can enjoy the harmonious combination of Shanghai’s tradition and modernity, feel the life of Shanghai people, thus making it possible to spread Chinese culture.
The innovation of this design is that by showing people’s daily life and work, visitors will be interested in the life in Shanghai and can’t wait to experience the life in Shanghai in person.
I hope my idea can be adopted.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给旅游局写封信，谈谈你对家乡线上旅游节宣传片的构思，信必须包含以下的内容：1）宣传片中城市景点介绍设计；2）推荐原因及创新点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
收集：collect→gather
景点：attraction→places of interest
因此：thus→hence
展示：show→display
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I know that my hometown is planning an online tourism festival, and is collecting promotional video plans from the city’s young people, aiming to explore the city’s tourism resources and urban culture, and carry out innovative practice of telling good Chinese stories and spreading good Chinese voices.
拓展句：I know that my hometown is planning an online tourism festival, and is collecting promotional video plans from the city’s young people, whose aim is to explore the city’s tourism resources and urban culture, and carry out innovative practice of telling good Chinese stories and spreading good Chinese voices.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I think the attractions that should be included in this video are Xintiandi, the Bund and Yu Garden. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The innovation of this design is that by showing people’s daily life and work, visitors will be interested in the life in Shanghai and can’t wait to experience the life in Shanghai in person. (运用了that引导的表语从句)
附：听力文字稿：
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it , read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
M: Better to wait until tomorrow to go.It's too dark to drive.
W: I couldn't agree more.
Q:What does the woman mean
M:Shall I bring you coffee now or would you rather have it after your lunch
W:I'd like it now,please.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place
3. M: Grading the papers ought to be easier than ever this year.
W:Unless the computer breaks down.
Q:What do we learn from the conversation
4.W:Hey! What do you think you're doing There is a queue, you know.
M:Is there Sorry...I don't mean to push in.I didn't realize there was a queue.
Q:What is the man most likely going to do
5.W:Here’s a 10-dollar bill.Give me two tickets for tonight's show please.
M:Sure. Two tickets and here's $1.40 change.
Q: How much does one ticket cost M: Have you got an apartment
6.W:No, we went to see a few places, but they are either too expensive or too far away from my husband's
workplace.
Q:What kind of apartment is the woman looking for
7.M: Your yard always looks so beautiful. You must have a gardener.
W:Oh, no. A gardener will be too expensive for me. I do all the work myself.
Q:What can we learn from the conversation
8.W:Frank, do you think John will join us in the camping trip next week
M:You can ask him about that,but I think he is so busy with his studies that he has little time for anything else.
Q:What does Frank think of John
W:Our school football team has won two games already,and there is another one next week.
M:That's not a bad start.
Q: What does the man mean
W:I wonder if you have time to go to the food store today. We have almost run out of bread
M: You'd better do that. I haven’t got my report ready yet,but my boss needs it tomorrow.
Q: Why isn’t the man going to do the shopping
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation. you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question. read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
It gives me great pleasure today to say a few words in praise of a man we will all miss very much. To be honest,I can’t imagine what we will do without him when he's gone.
Bill Masters almost single-handed built up our sales force in the Houston area and developed the ma position that we enjoy today.In only six years,he has brought the firm from a very low fifth position in the area sales to the point where we now outsell all but one of our competitors. Not only have we got 37 percent of i market under Bill’s leadership; we are increasing our share with each passing month.
As you know, the company has moved Bill to northern California to work his sales magic in one of this company’s most competitive areas.But we know that if anyone can do it,Bill Masters can, and I know you all join me in wishing him the best of luck in his new work.
(Now listen again,please!)
Questions:
11. How long did Masters work there
12. How many people did Bill have to help him when he started to work in Houston area
13. How much of the market have they got today
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Every four years. Americans elect a president. According to the law, any American citizen over 40 years of:who was born in the U.S. can be president. There are always many candidates who hope they will be elected There are many political parties in the United States, and most of these will have candidates for president. However. two political parties are much stronger than the others. They are called the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. For over a hundred years, the man elected as president has always been either a Democrat or Republican. All American citizens over 18 years of age can vote for a president. The process of electing a president takes nearly a year. During the election year there are numerous local elections,called primary elections, held in many of the fifty states. These elections indicate who the most popular candidates are. In primary elections. usually held in the winter and spring. candidates run against members of their own parties. In this way they try to get support of party members around the country.During the summer,both parties have conventions where the party members make the final choice for the party’s presidential candidate. Each party chooses a person to run for president and a person to run for vice president. The two candidates work as a team. They will win or lose the election together. Once the final candidates are chosen,they campaign around the country,trying to win votes. The national election is held in November. The candidate who wins becomes president the following January. The election process is long and costly. Thousands of people work for the leading candidates. Millions of dollars are spent.Individuals prepare to run for presidency for many years. Nearly all of these people fail to ever win.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
14. How many stages does the election for president go through
15. When is the national election for president usually held in the US.
16. In which way are the party candidates for president and vice president elected
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.
M: I've been so tired recently. I've been trying,but I don't think I'm up to this job.
W:You need to take a break, maybe a vacation
M:Oh:yes:indeed. I’ve run out of steam. To be honest,I want to be in a different environment.
W: Is that so
M: Yes, I don't want to be stuck in a rut. I want to move on.
W: Have you decided
M: Yes. I want to get a better job.
W:Could you tell me why you want to quit
M:I quit just because of the dissatisfying salary and the trouble in getting along with my colleagues.
W:Oh,that's terrible. Do you want to get a higher salary in our company
M:I'm afraid not. I've promised my girlfriend. We'll travel southwards to find a job that offers higher pay, W:OK,I'd like to say that I've really enjoyed working with you. However,I think you should work harder for
your new job and then you can ask for higher pay.
M: Thank you so much for your advice.
W: And every best wish for your new job.
M:Thank you.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
17. What are they talking about
18, Which reason is not for the man's leaving the company
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
M:Hi,Doris. You look a little bit down.What's the matter
W: Well, I'm leaving Japan and I'm going back to London,tomorrow .
M:Really! W:Yeah.
M: How do you feel about that
W:Well, I do feel quite down because I am going to miss Japan after being here for 9 months, because I've had
a great time here.
M: Mm, so what are you going to miss about Japan
W:Oh,I am going to miss the people,the food, especially the night life.
M:What especially about the night life are you going to miss
W:Well,I really like dancing. And I enjoy going out to night clubs and to restaurants and eating J2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（八）
参考答案
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
听力答案：
1-5. DACCB 6-10. DAABA 11-13. CDB 14-16. ABB 17-20.ACAC
备注：听力文字稿附在文档末尾
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
【答案】21. held 22. fall##falling 23. might##may##could##can 24. to keep 25. whose
26. have been practicing 27. With##At 28. how 29. sensing 30. while
Section B
【答案】31. E 32. G 33. K 34. A 35. H 36. C 37. D 38. I 39. J 40. F
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. A
Section B
【答案】56. D 57. B 58. C 59. D
【答案】60. D 61. C 62. C
（C）
【答案】63. A 64. B 65. C 66. B
Section C
【答案】67. A 68. C 69. E 70. D
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
【参考答案】
71.A biographer collects information from primary sources and secondary sources. The former contain firsthand information about the subject’s life, while the latter supply other people’s opinions about the subject. As a qualified biographer, he should be objective in describing the subject completely and truthfully, (just as James Boswell did.) However, quite a few biographies fail to do so.
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
72.【答案】It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
73.【答案】He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
74.【答案】The restaurant, where the customers are given the top priority/treated with great respect and the dishes are wonderful/remarkable/outstanding, enjoys increasing popularity and is worth learning from.
75.【答案】As the spokesman said, the new retail approach, live streaming allows hosts to interact with viewers online, improve consumers’ shopping experience, and stimulate economic development.
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
【参考答案】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I know that my hometown is planning an online tourism festival, and is collecting promotional video plans from the city’s young people, aiming to explore the city’s tourism resources and urban culture, and carry out innovative practice of telling good Chinese stories and spreading good Chinese voices. I’m writing to talk about my ideas for the video.
I think the attractions that should be included in this video are Xintiandi, the Bund and Yu Garden. The producers should use cameras to record a day of people in these three places, so that visitors can enjoy the harmonious combination of Shanghai’s tradition and modernity, feel the life of Shanghai people, thus making it possible to spread Chinese culture.
The innovation of this design is that by showing people’s daily life and work, visitors will be interested in the life in Shanghai and can’t wait to experience the life in Shanghai in person.
I hope my idea can be adopted.
Yours,
Li Ming
附：听力文字稿：
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it , read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
M: Better to wait until tomorrow to go.It's too dark to drive.
W: I couldn't agree more.
Q:What does the woman mean
M:Shall I bring you coffee now or would you rather have it after your lunch
W:I'd like it now,please.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place
3. M: Grading the papers ought to be easier than ever this year.
W:Unless the computer breaks down.
Q:What do we learn from the conversation
4.W:Hey! What do you think you're doing There is a queue, you know.
M:Is there Sorry...I don't mean to push in.I didn't realize there was a queue.
Q:What is the man most likely going to do
5.W:Here’s a 10-dollar bill.Give me two tickets for tonight's show please.
M:Sure. Two tickets and here's $1.40 change.
Q: How much does one ticket cost M: Have you got an apartment
6.W:No, we went to see a few places, but they are either too expensive or too far away from my husband's
workplace.
Q:What kind of apartment is the woman looking for
7.M: Your yard always looks so beautiful. You must have a gardener.
W:Oh, no. A gardener will be too expensive for me. I do all the work myself.
Q:What can we learn from the conversation
8.W:Frank, do you think John will join us in the camping trip next week
M:You can ask him about that,but I think he is so busy with his studies that he has little time for anything else.
Q:What does Frank think of John
W:Our school football team has won two games already,and there is another one next week.
M:That's not a bad start.
Q: What does the man mean
W:I wonder if you have time to go to the food store today. We have almost run out of bread
M: You'd better do that. I haven’t got my report ready yet,but my boss needs it tomorrow.
Q: Why isn’t the man going to do the shopping
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation. you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question. read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
It gives me great pleasure today to say a few words in praise of a man we will all miss very much. To be honest,I can’t imagine what we will do without him when he's gone.
Bill Masters almost single-handed built up our sales force in the Houston area and developed the ma position that we enjoy today.In only six years,he has brought the firm from a very low fifth position in the area sales to the point where we now outsell all but one of our competitors. Not only have we got 37 percent of i market under Bill’s leadership; we are increasing our share with each passing month.
As you know, the company has moved Bill to northern California to work his sales magic in one of this company’s most competitive areas.But we know that if anyone can do it,Bill Masters can, and I know you all join me in wishing him the best of luck in his new work.
(Now listen again,please!)
Questions:
11. How long did Masters work there
12. How many people did Bill have to help him when he started to work in Houston area
13. How much of the market have they got today
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Every four years. Americans elect a president. According to the law, any American citizen over 40 years of:who was born in the U.S. can be president. There are always many candidates who hope they will be elected There are many political parties in the United States, and most of these will have candidates for president. However. two political parties are much stronger than the others. They are called the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. For over a hundred years, the man elected as president has always been either a Democrat or Republican. All American citizens over 18 years of age can vote for a president. The process of electing a president takes nearly a year. During the election year there are numerous local elections,called primary elections, held in many of the fifty states. These elections indicate who the most popular candidates are. In primary elections. usually held in the winter and spring. candidates run against members of their own parties. In this way they try to get support of party members around the country.During the summer,both parties have conventions where the party members make the final choice for the party’s presidential candidate. Each party chooses a person to run for president and a person to run for vice president. The two candidates work as a team. They will win or lose the election together. Once the final candidates are chosen,they campaign around the country,trying to win votes. The national election is held in November. The candidate who wins becomes president the following January. The election process is long and costly. Thousands of people work for the leading candidates. Millions of dollars are spent.Individuals prepare to run for presidency for many years. Nearly all of these people fail to ever win.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
14. How many stages does the election for president go through
15. When is the national election for president usually held in the US.
16. In which way are the party candidates for president and vice president elected
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.
M: I've been so tired recently. I've been trying,but I don't think I'm up to this job.
W:You need to take a break, maybe a vacation
M:Oh:yes:indeed. I’ve run out of steam. To be honest,I want to be in a different environment.
W: Is that so
M: Yes, I don't want to be stuck in a rut. I want to move on.
W: Have you decided
M: Yes. I want to get a better job.
W:Could you tell me why you want to quit
M:I quit just because of the dissatisfying salary and the trouble in getting along with my colleagues.
W:Oh,that's terrible. Do you want to get a higher salary in our company
M:I'm afraid not. I've promised my girlfriend. We'll travel southwards to find a job that offers higher pay, W:OK,I'd like to say that I've really enjoyed working with you. However,I think you should work harder for
your new job and then you can ask for higher pay.
M: Thank you so much for your advice.
W: And every best wish for your new job.
M:Thank you.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
17. What are they talking about
18, Which reason is not for the man's leaving the company
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
M:Hi,Doris. You look a little bit down.What's the matter
W: Well, I'm leaving Japan and I'm going back to London,tomorrow .
M:Really! W:Yeah.
M: How do you feel about that
W:Well, I do feel quite down because I am going to miss Japan after being here for 9 months, because I've had
a great time here.
M: Mm, so what are you going to miss about Japan
W:Oh,I am going to miss the people,the food, especially the night life.
M:What especially about the night life are you going to miss
W:Well,I really like dancing. And I enjoy going out to night clubs and to restaurants and eating Japanese food
also and I'm really going to miss those because it’s very different to London.
M:How are the clubs different in Japan from in London
W: Well, here there are many different clubs you can get into, for free,you don't have to pay, some of them. In
London, it's really expensive for drinks and an entry fee.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
19. Why does Doris look unhappy
20. What's the difference between Japan and London in terms of the clubs ★绝密考试结束前 2023年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海春考英语仿真模拟试卷（八）
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. She doesn't agree. B. She enjoys night driving
C. She would like to go right now. D. She would like to wait.
2. A. A restaurant. B. A department store.
C. A coffee room. D. A hospital.
3. A. The computer needs to be fixed
B. The computer is not put in a safe place
C. Grading the papers should be easy with the help of the computer.
D. Some teachers prefer to go over the papers by hand
4. A. To apologize. B. To stay where he is.
C. To stand at the end of the queue. D. To stand beside the woman.
5. A. $1.40. B. $4.30. C. $6.40. D. $8.60.
6. A. A big one. B. An expensive one.
C.One far away from the city. D. One close to her husband's workplace.
7. A. The woman is good at gardening.
B. The woman hires a good gardener.
C. The man offers to do the gardening for the woman.
D. The man wants to hire the woman to do the gardening.
8. A. John is fully occupied with his studies. B.John doesn’t like camping trips.
C. John is a poor student. D. John will go camping on Sunday
9. A. The team will win the next game. B. The team has done well so far.
C. The team will not win the next game. D. The team doesn't seem to be working well.
10. A. He has some work to do. B. The woman is going to do that.
C. His boss is coming to see him. D. He doesn't feel like eating any bread today.
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 37 years. B. Less than 5 years.
C. About six years. D. Since he began to work.
12. A. Many people. B. Nobody.
C. About 37 people. D. Very few people.
13. A. A quarter. B. 37 percent.
C. One half. D. One-fifth.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14. A. Two. B.Five. C. Four. D. Ten.
15. A. In January. B.In November. C. In July. D. In May.
16. A. Decided by the party leader. B. Elected by votes of the party members.
C. Elected by their amount of money. D. Decided by the candidate.
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The reasons for quitting the job. B. The dream of the past.
C. The work in overseas. D. The favorite company
18. A. He wants to find a better job. B.He cannot get along well with his colleagues.
C.His wants to work nearby his parents’ home. D. He is not satisfied with his salary
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
19. A. Because she is leaving Japan for London. B. Because she is quite missing London.
C. Because she is leaving London for Japan. D. Because she feels stressful in Japan.
20. A. It is free in all kinds of clubs in Japan. B. It is expensive in all kinds of clubs in Japan.
C. It charges higher in most clubs in London. D. It charges less in most clubs in London.
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Japan’s Seniors Discover New Way to Stay Young: Competitive Video-gaming
Sixty-six-year-old Atsuko Oyama shares a goal ____21____(hold) by many people a half-century younger. She wants to get 100 kills in the first-person shooter video-game “Apex Legends.”
E-sports promoters who have seen Japan ____22____(fall) behind powerhouses such as the U. S. in video-game competitions think the senior market ____23____ be the way to catch up. And if the over-65 set feels a little more energized after winning over a few rival warriors, so much the better.
Japan is the world’s oldest nation, and its efforts to boost the size of its younger population have been mostly unsuccessful. It is, however, at the forefront of initiatives ____24____ (keep) old people thinking younger.
Ms. Oyama, ____25____ player name is Mama, tried out for the team known as the Matagi Snipers after her daughter saw an ad asking for players. She now practices a couple of hours a day at home, sometimes going to acupuncture(针灸)to take care of her tired neck.
The Matagi Snipers, named for a traditional group of bear hunters in northern Japan, ____26____ (practice) since September at their home base in northern Akita prefecture.
____27____ an average age of 68, the 14-person team hopes eventually to compete in professional tournaments in first-person shooter titles such as “Apex Legends,” from Electronic Arts Inc., and Epic Games Inc.’s “Fortnite.”
Before they can gun for prize money or monetize YouTube page views, they need to heed the guidance of coach Yoshito “Lemon” Suda, 28. Some members, to his surprise, didn’t know ____28____ to use a computer, let alone play a video-game.
“For the first month, it was more like a gathering of some good friends,” Mr. Suda said. “I had to give them a pep talk and tell them, ‘You’re not here for that. You’re going to be professional.’”
The members took it to heart, he said, and now he sees some online playing at midnight.
Mr. Suda begins each practice session with a lecture. After the lecture, it was time to play. Masashi “K” Shinoda, 69, was having a hard time ____29____(sense) the presence of enemies.
Coach Lemon motivates his team by telling them age is an advantage. “There is a huge difference in social experience between people who have lived only 20 years versus 60 years,” he said. Younger players tend to be more violent ____30____ older players can communicate better and lean on teamwork.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. clarify B. consistent C. conversely D. criteria E. misinterpreted F. perceived G. qualify H. reflection I. significance J. simultaneously K. valuable
In recent years we’ve all become more health conscious. However, in doing so we seem to have____31____health. Health is no longer something everyone is born with. Health is a commodity. It is something you can have more of. And to____32____for this extra health you have to buy a tracksuit, eat vitamin pills, have a therapist and learn to do one-handed press-ups.
This all sounds quite harmless — until you realise it implies that people who are not perfectly formed, who are not young, sporty and sun-tanned, are less____33____people. We all want to be healthy but we should perhaps come down off the exercise bike and____34____what the word health actually means.
For a start, health is not beauty and fitness. You can have wonderful hair and huge muscles, while your internal organs are in a terrible state. The outer person is not a direct____35____of the inner person. Second, health is not a purely physical state. It’s mental as well. There are lots of fit people who are not psychologically sound and,____36____, a lot of quite seriously disabled people who are bright, happy and perfectly in tune with themselves. Besides, the____37____for physical and mental health are a matter of opinion, containing a strong social element. There’s a tribe in the Amazon rainforest which regards you as unwell if you don’t have marks of fungal (真菌) infection on your skin.
Taking all this into account, health is a terribly difficult word to define. It is nevertheless of grave____38____to do so, because unless we know what health is we don’t know what to aim for. My own favourite definition of health is ‘psychological health is the ability to love and to work’. It’s an easy thing to aim for and at the same time very difficult to arrive at. There are, however, occasional moments in everyone’s life when you experience,____39____, a great love for those around you and also a great sense of personal fulfilment. These brief moments are very hard to achieve, but they are_____40_____as a more worthwhile aim in life than trying to look like a supermodel.
Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Tricky Pictures
With bold, swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors, Vincent van Gogh’s stirring Starry Night brings to life a unique sky. It’s one of the most famous paintings in the world. And ____41____ the scenic canvas (画布) can make museum visitors feel…starstruck.
But seeing the masterpiece framed on a gallery wall isn’t the only way that art fans can experience its emotional impact. In fact, some exhibits give people a chance to be ____42____ by van Gogh’s celebrated scene. They find themselves surrounded by colors that dance before their eyes and ripple at their feet. These exhibitions, in which moving images are ____43____ projected onto walls, columns, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves, are examples of immersive art.
Immersive art doesn’t ____44____ a pedestal (基座) or hang on a wall next to a plaque (匾) printed with facts. And don’t expect it to fit in a frame or ____45____ familiar expectations. While immersive art can be hard to characterize, it is generally a multisensory, ____46____ experience that engages viewers and makes them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain — immersive art is ____47____ popular, selling out tickets in cities around the world.
Van Gogh sold just one painting during his lifetime and only gained ____48____ after his death, but now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar. The 19th-century painter’s work has been displayed in a lot of exhibitions ____49____ immense images furnished with animation and accompanied by music, voices, and background sound.
Another interactive hot spot with a DIY vibe is The House of Eternal Return in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The venue (场所) is ____50____ to over 70 rooms of surreal art. It’s run by the artistic cooperative Meow Wolf, which describes the project as a “multidimensional mystery house with secret passages and ____51____ to magical worlds.” ____52____, what looks like a perfectly normal refrigerator door is the gateway to a hidden tunnel…and an unusual artistic adventure.
The growing awareness of immersive art is partly ____53____ by social media. As visitors post selfies filled with van Gogh’s intense palette or videos of friends stepping into a fantastical fridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds. Meanwhile, traditional artists are beginning to follow the trend, ____54____ immersive techniques and technologies in their works. That’s because many curators and creators share a ____55____ goal — to help more people get into art!
41. A. listening to B. gazing at C. scanning through D. hearing about
42. A. enveloped B. marveled C. absorbed D. pursued
43. A. electrically B. digitally C. practically D. completely
44. A. rest on B. frame on C. depend on D. fix on
45. A. stand out B. figure out C. stick to D. distinguish with
46. A. energetic B. prosperous C. harmonious D. interactive
47. A. unexpectedly B. suspiciously C. partially D. undoubtedly
48. A. recognition B. wonder C. wealth D. definition
49. A. causing B. featuring C. characterizing D. advocating
50. A. home B. branch C. location D. trend
51. A. limits B. solutions C. links D. talents
52. A. In fact B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. For instance
53. A. powered B. published C. permitted D. pointed
54. A. employing B. recognizing C. occupying D. contributing
55. A. common B. commercial C. courageous D. confidential
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I was 12 years old when my life changed forever. It was just before the end of the school day, and my teacher told me that my mum had asked me to go home immediately. There was a police car in the driveway, and I heard the sound of my sister crying in the living room. My mum took me upstairs and told me that my dad had died. I remember crying like forever.
Then my uncle sat me down and told me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sporty red one, and I thought he must have crashed. So it was shocking to learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discovered that he had been trying to help someone. Our cleaner had been going through a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her post delivered to our house so her partner couldn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly.
It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. Even 30 years on, it can be a challenge. It’s like a coping surviving mechanism and I still work through it today — but that’s life living with sorrow.
During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. Actually for many years, I used to question why I was still feeling this way, but you come to realize there is no set pattern to sorrow. It’s not a quick-fix process; it’s not even a fixable process. It’s something you have to live with, and you take comfort wherever you can find it.
For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. And through your own unique journey, you’ll get to the point of understanding yourself that little bit better.
56. What can we learn about the death of the writer’s father
A. He died a slow and painful death.
B. He was killed in a car crash.
C. He suffered from a heart attack.
D. He was cruelly murdered.
57. The writer initially managed the pain of losing his father by ________.
A. remembering every happy moment spent with his father
B. blocking memories related to his father
C. seeking a fixed pattern to overcome sorrow
D. going to the doctor for consultation
58. What will the writer probably say to the woman who lost her beloved husband 4 years ago
A. With time passing by, you are sure to recover from the pain.
B. Talking and writing about loss is a quick-fix process for you.
C. Whatever feeling you have gone through is natural and normal.
D. If you are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a good idea.
59. The article is written to ________.
A. share a heartbreaking personal story
B. honor the memory of the writer’s father
C. highlight the need for personal safety
D. guide others how to face loss
(B)
FOUR BOOKS YOU SHOULD READ
Caroline Leavitt Cruel Beautiful World At age 16 Lucy is a lonely orphan living with older sister Charlotte and devoted aunt Iris in Waltham, Massachusetts. On the last day of school, she runs away with her 30-year-old teacher, William, and settles in a hillside shack in rural Pennsylvania, near his new teaching job. Though Lucy feels increasingly isolated, William won’t allow her any outlet. Leavitt draws upon a real-life crime that involved a girl she knew in high school. She tells her story from multiple viewpoints, building tension and empathy for Lucy and Charlotte as tragedy swallows them.
Steven Price By Gaslight Price, an award-winning Canadian poet, achieves an extraordinary achievement of Dickensian storytelling in his weighty second novel. His hero is William Pinkerton, son of the founder of the legendary detective agency, who finds clues in his late father’s safe to the case of William Shade. This mythic thief had disturbed and upset his father. William tracks a Shade accomplice（共犯）, Charlotte Reckitt, to London, only to find she’s been found dead in the Thames. Also on the scene is Adam Foole, who is obsessed with Charlotte, who he met while stealing De Beers diamonds from a South African mine. Price ably arranges dozens of interlinking plotlines as he spans three continents and several decades, from American Civil War battlefields to Scotland Yard at the end of the 19th Century.
GeFei The Invisibility Cloak Beijing-based GeFei (pen name for Liu Yong) won the 2015 Mao Dun Literature Prize for fiction “describing the changing spirit of Chinese society” over the past century. The Invisibility Cloak, his first English publication, revolves around Cui, a divorced man who creates customized hi-fi speakers for Beijing’s newly wealthy and a few intellectuals. Beijing’s rapid expansion has left Cui longing for an invisible life away from the city. His chance comes when he agrees to build a world-class sound system for a gangster（黑社会老大）. GeFei’s nice irony, translated from the Chinese by Canaan Morse, should find many fans.
Tim Harford Messy The temptation to be neat and tidy may be powerful, but “we would be better served by embracing a degree of mess,” Harford argues. His defense of the creative potential of the imperfect, crude, random, vague, difficult, diverse and even dirty is refreshing. Reaching into the arts, politics, business, science and technology, Harford makes a compelling case for opening up to disorder and luck.
60. Which author does NOT tell a story in his / her work listed above
A. Caroline Leavitt B. Steven Price
C. GeFei D. Tim Harford
61. Jack is an American who would like everything to be neat and tidy. He loves reading novels with ironic humor and detective stories. He is going to work and live in Beijing for the next three years, and he is very curious about the place he is soon heading to. Which book will he most likely choose to read now
A. Cruel Beautiful World B. By Gaslight
C. The Invisibility Cloak D. Messy
62. This page is intended for people who want to ______.
A. buy newly-published books at a discount
B. recommend books to friends and family
C. know what books are worthwhile to read
D. understand the current trend in literature
(C)
Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.
“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.
The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient(短期的)investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been called “quarterly capitalism”.
In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities(股票), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.
In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.
Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure(披露)of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.
Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.
63. One reason for imposing the new rule is the regulations _________.
A. enhance banker’s sense of responsibility
B. help corporations achieve larger profits
C. build a new system of financial regulation
D. guarantee the bonuses of top executives
64. What can be learned about “Short-termism” from the passage
A. Children always pursue short-term profits by eating strawberries first.
B. The influence of it on the companies can be negative in the long run.
C. It will bring high profits for the company, thus keeping its customers.
D. Digital technology acts as a dominant contributor to its worsening.
65. The US and France examples in paragraph 5 and 6 are used to illustrate ________.
A. the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”
B. the significance of long-term thinking
C. the approaches to promoting “long-termism”
D. the popularity of short-term thinking
66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. Failure of Quarterly Capitalism
B. Patience as a Corporate Virtue
C. Decisiveness Required of Top Executives
D. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
We live in a world of advertising. Advertising is a pervasive method of marketing in society. Though the methods by which marketers advertise have changed over the decades, the role and purpose of advertising has shifted very little.
____67____. Whether presented in newspapers and magazines or on television or the Internet, it serves to promote a wide range of products. What is being presented to the public is usually a product or service, such as a car or camera. Yet it may also be an idea, as in "Vote for Jones", or an event, as in "Watch the World Series on this channel tomorrow!” Without advertising, people would have a difficult time knowing where goods could be bought or even certain goods or services existed.
Advertising began with town criers in ancient Greece, who called out the name of items available in the market. ____68____ The first printed ads appeared in England in 1480, and newspaper ads began in 1648. In the twentieth century extensive new fields for advertising opened up with the invention of radio and television.
____69____ For example, radio and television ads are costly. But they reach a vast audience. This makes them worthwhile and cost-effective for the advertisers. Newspaper ads can feature coupons or information that can be clipped and saved. Magazines often appeal directly to special groups, such as sports fans or teenagers. Other forms of advertising include direct mail, e-mail, billboards.
Do business owners themselves think up all those ads For the most part, they hire qualified agencies to create their advertising. An advertising agency plans a company’s ads. It also does research. It surveys the market and tests different approaches to determine the most effective way to sell the greatest amount of the product.
How can we be sure that an ad is accurate Two government agencies, the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration, check ads against false claims. The Postal Service watches for fraudulent (欺骗性的) ads sent by mail. State and local governments also have watchdog agencies. ____70____
A. Advertising is a means of bringing information to the public.
B. Printed ads are found in newspapers and magazines.
C. Ancient Egyptians carved announcements on stones.
D. Advertisers who trick the public face heavy fines or other punishment.
E. Advertisers use whichever means, or media they think will work best for them.
F. Advertising developed with the rise of mass production in the late 19th century.
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Biographers (传记作家) gather information from many different sources. Legal documents and personal papers can reveal facts such as a person’s birthplace, income, number of children, and lifespan. Letters or a diary may contain valuable information about the person’s friends and activities, thoughts and feelings. All of these materials are called primary sources because they contain firsthand information ---- information that does not depend on the opinions or interpretations of others.
A biographer also checks secondary sources. The subject’s friends and relatives may be interviewed. If the subject died long ago, the biographer looks for anything written about him or her. Secondary sources supply secondhand information, and so a biographer must use them with care. The subject’s friends will want the biography to be favorable, while others may wish it to be unfavorable. The biographer must avoid both extremes. The biographer’s job is not to make readers like or dislike the subject, but to give as complete and truthful a picture of the person as possible. This means the biography should include both good and bad qualities, both accomplishments and mistakes. James Boswell, the author of a great biography of his friend Samuel Johnson, wrote, “And he will be seen as he really was; for I profess to write, not his panegyric (颂文), which must all praise, but his life, which, great and good as he was, must not be supposed to be entirely perfect.”
Much biographical writing falls short of Boswell’s standards. Ancient records of the deeds of kings and emperors were written to praise and flatter these rulers. Writers of saints’ (圣人) lives in the Middle Ages were often more interested in the moral message than the events of a life. Many 19th-century biographers did not reveal any improper or embarrassing details of their subjects’ lives. Though they may be interesting or inspiring, these works fail as biographies chiefly because their purpose is to point up a moral rather than describe an individual.
71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（occur）
73. 他有能力处理各种棘手的事情，我们都愿意和他共事。(capable)
74. 这家餐馆顾客至上，菜肴出众，人气攀升，值得学习。(where)
75. 正如新闻发言人所述，新型零售方式——直播，可以让主持人与观众在线互动，提升消费者购物体验，刺激经济发展。(As)
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
李明的家乡正在策划一个线上旅游节，现面向全市青少年征集宣传片策划案，旨在挖掘该市的旅游资源和城市文化，开展讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音的创新实践。假设你是李明，请你写一封建议信给旅游局，谈谈你对该宣传片的构思，你的信必须包含以下的内容：
1)宣传片中城市景点介绍设计；
2)推荐原因及创新点。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
