2023届高三英语复习——高考题型组合练4（有答案解析）

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2022·辽宁省协作体高三第一次模拟考试)
Though there are filters which can change digital photographs to make them similar to a painting, obvious differences still exist.
A brand-new painting AI has been made public recently.Much like the pupils of the old masters, the new AI studies the works of great painters like Vermeer and Van Gogh and learns to reproduce their works.
The AI, named “PaintBot”， is the creation of a team of researchers from the University of Maryland, the Bytedance AI Lab and Adobe Research.
PaintBot can not only reproduce the works of different artists but create new works based on photographs in the chosen painter s characteristic style.
To train the AI to imitate a given artist s technique, the researchers would present it with between 3 and 10 reference paintings.With each reference painting it studies, the AI gradually learns to recognize the various characteristics of the given artist s technique, including the stroke colour, position and size—along with the order in which each brushstroke should be made.
PaintBot uses a technique known as reinforcement learning.During the learning process, the AI would practice reproducing reference paintings, which it would then compare with the original work to see how similar the two were and if it was improving its imitation of the artist s style.It takes around six hours for the AI to learn to imitate a given painter.
Once the AI has mastered a particular artist s technique, the researchers could present it with a new image to reproduce in the same style.The AI then uses what it has learnt to produce a new painting, putting down each brushstroke one at a time.
After being trained in a given style, PaintBot takes only around five minutes to produce each of its digital masterpieces.
The way that PaintBot s compositions are built up from thousands of individual brushstrokes makes the AI s works more realistic than those online filters.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．What do we know about filters used to change digital photos？________
A．They are well received.
B．They are not good enough.
C．They are really fantastic.
D．They are disliked by people.
2．How does PaintBot create works？________
A．It mixes techniques of different artists.
B．It learns from the artist on the spot.
C．It just imitates the color of the given paintings.
D．It follows the given style of the paintings.
3．Which of the following words can the author use to describes PaintBot s paintings？________
A．Lifelike. B．Valuable.
C．Advanced. D．Original.
4．What is a suitable title for the passage？________
A．The Most Intelligent AI Painter PaintBot
B．A Brand-new Painting Reproduced By AI
C．PaintBot Creates More Realistic Paintings
D．How PaintBot Imitates Artists techniques
B
(2022·河北省保定市下学期高三七校联合模拟第一次考试)
Very, very long ago, dogs didn t exist.There were just wolves of different kinds.“Dogor”， an 18,000-year-old puppy, was found frozen in the permafrost in Siberia near Yakutsk.Permafrost is a layer of ground in Arctic and Antarctic areas that remains frozen.Recently, areas of permafrost are thawing (解冻) as the world has warmed, and uncovering secrets long buried and frozen.
Dogor came out of the ground covered with mud and ice, but scientists carefully cleaned him.His head, including his nose, hair, eyelashes, and a mouth full of young teeth, is still very much like it was when he died.Scientists from Sweden have tested him carefully.Their tests showed that the puppy lived 18,000 years ago, that it was a male, and that it was about two months old when it died.
But even though the scientists ran two DNA tests to discover whether Dogor was a dog or a wolf, they didn t get what they wanted.The scientists say that normally it s fairly “easy to tell the difference”．They now plan on doing a third DNA test.In any case, the results will teach scientists a lot about the history of dogs and when they began to separate from wolves.“We can t wait to get results from further tests，” said Sergey Fedorov, of the Mammoth Museum of North-Eastern Federal University.
Some people believe we may soon get even more information about very old animals.Due to the climate change, the world s temperature has gone up by 1℃， which has led to heat waves, record dry periods, wildfires, record rains, and more strong hurricanes.Since the permafrost in Siberia and other areas is thawing, it s possible that even more animals will be found, which could help scientists learn more about early history.
5．What s special about Dogor？________
A．It s the world s earliest dog.
B．It survived extreme cold.
C．It has shown many secrets.
D．It is preserved perfectly.
6．Which word can best describe the result of the study on Dogor？________
A．Uncertain. B．Satisfying.
C．Unreliable. D．Challenging.
7．What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？________
A．The rise of temperature benefits animal studies.
B．Animals are suffering from natural disasters.
C．The climate is worsening.
D．Scientists call on people to protect ancient animals.
8．Where is the text most likely from？________
A．A science magazine.
B．A biology textbook.
C．A novel about animals.
D．A report about weather.
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2022·山东省潍坊市高三模拟预测)
Lucy Black recently became the youngest person __1__ (travel) to every country in the world.By the age of 23, she has visited all the countries in an effort to challenge __2__ (she) and push the limits of __3__ she believed was possible for a female traveler.
Lucy primarily used planes, boats, and trains to get around.It was not all plain sailing and there were many difficulties Lucy met, including __4__ (arrange) visas to enter some countries.But the challenges __5__ (outweigh) by the memorable experiences on her way.“There re so many incredible experiences that can come out of traveling alone because you are more open to the connections with the __6__ (local) than you would be in a big group，” she said.
Lucy had the pleasure of meeting a variety of people and experiencing different cultures.But the most __7__ (value) experience of all was discovering __8__ new sense of independence, she said.
For Lucy, nothing beats traveling, which she described __9__ her favorite part of being alive.“But I would be lying if I said I wasn t enjoying taking time over the past year to recover from all the wear and tear I __10__ (do) to my body over the past three years，” she added.
Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2022·广东省茂名市高三第二次模拟)
现今，老年人的交通安全备受关注，是否应该帮助发生交通事故的老人成为一个热门话题。请就这个问题给学校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1．遇到这种情况你怎么做；
2．这样做的原因。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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Ⅳ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·重庆市高三第二次模拟)
Alvin Bamburg, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane, Louisiana, last December when something caught his eye.Twisted in a fallen tree, it looked like litter.As Alvin approached, he saw that the object was a broken balloon.Attached was a piece of paper decorated with sparkly star stickers.It was a child s Christmas wish list.
“Dear Santa，” the handwritten note read.“My name is Luna.I am four years old.I live in Liberal, Kansas.This year I have been nice.I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, Frozen doll, puppy.With love, Luna.”
Alvin s heart hammered in his chest.Ever since he was a child, he had dreamed of this very scenario.He believed this was his childhood wish coming true.And he decided to make Luna s wish come true too.Given the distance of more than 650 miles from Grand Cane to Liberal, Alvin followed the advice from his wife, Lee Ann Bamburg, and posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page, asking for help locating the sender.
Meanwhile, Leticia Flores-Gonzalez, the mother of four-year-old Luna and her twin sister, Gianella, had no idea that such an effort was underway.It had been a hard year for Leticia and her girls.As COVID-19 spread, the family felt lonely, scared, and isolated, with no relatives living nearby.
On a particularly tough day last December, Leticia had come up with the idea of having the girls send letters to Santa by balloon.She told them that Santa would grab the balloons while he flew through the air on his sled.The twins were excited.Leticia helped them write down all the things that they dreamed Santa might bring them, and put the notes into Christmas red balloons.Then she took them outside to release their wishes to the universe on the chilly windy morning.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day in January, a friend called Leticia and said, “Someone found Luna s balloon.”_____
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In April, Alvin and his wife made a trip to meet the girls.__________________________
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答案
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能PaintBot不仅可以复制不同艺术家的作品，还可以根据所选画家的特点风格，根据照片创作出新的作品。还介绍了其创作画作的过程和特点。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第一段“Though there are filters which can change digital photographs to make them similar to a painting, obvious differences still exist.(虽然有滤镜可以改变数码照片，使其看起来像一幅画，但明显的区别仍然存在。)”可知，用来改变数码照片的滤镜不够好。故选B。
2．D　细节理解题。根据第四段“PaintBot can not only reproduce the works of different artists but create new works based on photographs in the chosen painter s characteristic style.(PaintBot不仅可以复制不同艺术家的作品，还可以根据所选画家的特点风格，根据照片创作出新的作品。)”以及第五段“To train the AI to imitate a given artist s technique, the researchers would present it with between 3 and 10 reference paintings.(为了训练人工智能模仿给定艺术家的技术，研究人员将向它展示3到10幅参考画。)”可知，PaintBot遵循给定的绘画风格创建作品。故选D。
3．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“The way that PaintBot s compositions are built up from thousands of individual brushstrokes makes the AI s works more realistic than those online filters.(PaintBot的构图是由数千个独立的笔触构成的，这使得AI的作品比那些网络滤镜更真实。)”可知，PaintBot的画很生动。故选A。
4．C　标题归纳题。根据第二段“A brand-new painting AI has been made public recently.Much like the pupils of the old masters, the new AI studies the works of great painters like Vermeer and Van Gogh and learns to reproduce their works.(最近，一种全新的绘画AI被公开。就像以前大师的学生一样，新的人工智能研究像维米尔和梵高这样的伟大画家的作品，并学习复制他们的作品。)”结合文章主要说明了人工智能PaintBot不仅可以复制不同艺术家的作品，还可以根据所选画家的特点风格，根据照片创作出新的作品。还介绍了其创作画作的过程和特点。可知，C选项“PaintBot创造更多的现实主义绘画”最符合文章标题。故选C。
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了科学家对生活在18 000年前的小狗Dogor的科学研究，研究结果将让科学家们了解狗的历史，以及它们从何时开始与狼分离。
5．D　细节理解题。根据第二段“His head, including his nose, hair, eyelashes, and a mouth full of young teeth, is still very much like it was when he died.(他的头，包括他的鼻子、毛发、睫毛和满是年轻牙齿的嘴巴，仍然很像他死时的样子。)”可知，Dogor的特别之处就是它保存完好。故选D。
6．A　细节理解题。根据第三段“But even though the scientists ran two DNA tests to discover whether Dogor was a dog or a wolf, they didn t get what they wanted.The scientists say that normally it s fairly easy to tell the difference ．They now plan on doing a third DNA test.(但是，尽管科学家们进行了两次DNA测试来确定Dogor 是狗还是狼，他们并没有得到他们想要的结果。科学家们说，通常情况下，这是相当“容易区分的”。他们现在计划进行第三次DNA测试。)”可知，做了两次测试以后，还是不确定Dogor 是狗还是狼，所以“不确定”这个词最能描述Dogor的研究结果。故选A。
7．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since the permafrost in Siberia and other areas is thawing, it s possible that even more animals will be found, which could help scientists learn more about early history.(由于西伯利亚和其他地区的永久冻土层正在融化，可能会发现更多的动物，这可以帮助科学家了解更多的早期历史。)”可知，作者在最后一段想要表达的是气温上升有利于动物研究。故选A。
8．A　推理判断题。根据第二段“Scientists from Sweden have tested him carefully.(来自瑞典的科学家对它进行了仔细的测试。)”和第三段“In any case, the results will teach scientists a lot about the history of dogs and when they began to separate from wolves.(无论如何，研究结果将让科学家们了解狗的历史，以及它们从何时开始与狼分离。)”以及最后一段“Since the permafrost in Siberia and other areas is thawing, it s possible that even more animals will be found, which could help scientists learn more about early history.(由于西伯利亚和其他地区的永久冻土层正在融化，可能会发现更多的动物，这可以帮助科学家了解更多的早期历史。)”可知，本文与科学研究和科学家有关，所以最可能出自一本科学杂志。故选A。
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了露西·布莱克成为了世界上最年轻的环游世界各国的人。
1．to travel　考查非谓语动词。句意：露西·布莱克最近成为了周游世界上每个国家的最年轻的人。person前有最高级youngest修饰，空格处用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词person。故填to travel。
2．herself　考查代词。句意：23岁时，她走遍了所有的国家，努力挑战自己，挑战她认为女性旅行者可能达到的极限。动词challenge后缺宾语，和主语指的是同一个人，意为“挑战她自己”，所以用反身代词。故填herself。
3．what　考查名词性从句。句意：23岁时，她走遍了所有的国家，努力挑战自己，挑战她认为女性旅行者可能达到的极限。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，所以用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
4．arranging　考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不是一帆风顺的，露西遇到了许多困难，包括安排进入一些国家的签证。介词including后接动名词形式arranging作宾语。故填arranging。
5．were outweighed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：但是，这些挑战被她途中难忘的经历盖过了。本句陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语challenges与outweigh之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语challenges是复数，因此空格处是were outweighed。故填were outweighed。
6．locals　考查名词复数。句意：她说：“独自旅行会带来很多不可思议的经历，因为与其和一大群人在一起旅行，你更愿意与当地人建立联系。”根据语境可知，句子表示“你更愿意与当地人建立联系”，local意为“当地人”，是可数名词，不止一个，需要用复数。故填locals。
7．valuable　考查形容词。句意：但她说，最宝贵的经验是发现一种新的独立意识。修饰名词experience应用形容词，value的形容词是valuable，意为“宝贵的”。故填valuable。
8．a　考查冠词。句意：但她说，最宝贵的经验是发现一种新的独立意识。sense意为“意识”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，new是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。
9．as　考查介词。句意：对露西来说，没有什么比旅行更好的了，她说这是她生活中最喜欢的部分。根据语境可知，句子表示“她把这描述成她生活中最喜欢的部分”，describe ...as为固定搭配，意为“把……描述为”，因此空格处是as。故填as。
10．have done　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她补充说：“但如果我说我不喜欢在过去的一年里花时间从过去三年对身体造成的伤害中恢复过来，那我就是在说谎。”由“over the past three years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处是have done。故填have done。
【范文】
Nowadays, traffic safety for the elderly has resurfaced as a big concern.As far as I m concerned, if I find an old man lying on the ground in a traffic accident, I will surely run to help, calling the local emergency medical service or stopping a car to send him to hospital right away.
Helping others is always considered as a sort of traditional Chinese virtue.The elderly need help more than others.Therefore, we should regard it as our duty to help them.An ideal society should be filled with love and kindness.
【范文】
One day in January, a friend called Leticia and said, “Someone found Luna s balloon.”Her jaw dropped.At her friends urging, Leticia logged on to Facebook and saw Alvin s post.Then she saw that people from all over were asking if they, too, could be part of fulfilling the wish list.Leticia was deeply touched and gave Alvin a call.When Alvin told her how much it would mean to him to grant the girls wishes, she agreed to let him bring them some gifts.Back in Louisiana, Alvin got busy collecting toys from his newfound Facebook community.
In April, Alvin and his wife made a trip to meet the girls. That morning, just as chilly and windy as the day Luna and Gianella waved goodbye to their balloons, Alvin got out of the car in front of their house.He presented all the gifts to the twins, including a puppy.The girls cried with delight.Later, both families sat down together to share homemade breakfast.They all felt as if they had known each other forever.Having received so much generosity, Leticia and her girls expressed their gratitude and intended to pay it forward.