2023届高三英语复习——高考题型组合练6（有答案解析）

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2022·山东省日照市高三一模)
Despite Kyle Tianshi being only a 15-year-old US high schooler, he has published five sci-fi novels.His fifth book Eventide was released in July.However, this may not be his most impressive achievement as Kyle just received the “Hero Award”， a $20, 000 grand prize.It is the top honor in the California Youth Sustainability Awards.The competition aims to encourage and support young community leaders who are making a difference for sustainability in their communities by taking action for the planet.
Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.The device can detect microscopic particles(粒子) in water by using a laser and microscope.These particles can be harmful to people and the environment.
Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US.People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water.Kyle spent about $60 buying the tools needed to analyze the tap water: a laser, a microscope and a micro-computer.“It s incredibly powerful for the price，” Kyle said.Then he used their family s garage as his laboratory, doing research on the pollution of drinking water caused by micro-plastics.
Kyle hopes to bring to market a low-cost alternative tool for detecting micro-plastic pollution levels in drinking water.In this way, he can offer help to people who don t have access to water filtration(过滤) systems.He has applied for a patent.
Kyle said his sister Emily, a freshman at Stanford University, inspired his interest in environmental research.She was recognized nationally for developing a water collection device.They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.
1．What do we know about Kyle？________
A．He is good at adapting sci-fi works.
B．He entered many novel contests.
C．He received an award for his invention.
D．He s found microscopic particles in water.
2．What led to Kyle s creation of NEREID？________
A．People s lack of clean drinking water.
B．People s poor living conditions.
C．His desire to be a community leader.
D．His family s encouragement.
3．Which of the following best describes Kyle？________
A．Considerate and brave.
B．Optimistic and honest.
C．Determined and humorous.
D．Responsible and creative.
4．What s the text mainly about？________
A．The introduction of NEREID.
B．A boy s contribution to literature.
C．The harm of polluted water.
D．A US schooler s water solution.
B
(2022·福建省龙岩市高中毕业班一模)
You improve your robot s software by improving its software.Agrim Gupta of Stanford University, however, begs to differ.He thinks you can also improve a robot s software by improving its hardware.He and his colleagues have invented a way of testing this idea.
They brought to their robots, unimals, the principles of evolution (进化) by natural selection.Unimals, with globes for heads and sticks for arms and legs, are software beings interacting with a virtual environment.The environments where they wandered were in three varieties: flat grounds, grounds with hills and steps, and ones that had the complexities of the second sort, but with added objects.
To begin with, the unimals were randomly assigned various shapes, but with identical software—derl.Newly created unimals learned to face the challenges in a virtual bootcamp.They were then entered into tournaments in groups.Each group winner was awarded one mutation (变异)—one extra arm or leg, or one extra turning in a joint.The new replaced the oldest unimal and then was assigned to a new group, and the process repeated.About 4,000 varieties of them underwent training.
The team were surprised by the diversity of shapes that evolved.Crucially, though, the researchers found the most successful unimals learned tasks in half the time their oldest ancestors had taken, and that those evolving in the toughest grounds were the most successful.
In this evolution of unimals morphology (形态) to promote the ability to learn, Dr Gupta sees a version of something called the Baldwin effect.In 1896 James Baldwin, a psychologist, argued that minds evolve to make the best use of the morphologies of the bodies.What Dr Gupta has shown, though in software, is that the opposite can also be true—changes in body morphology can improve the way minds work.Even though he held the software constant, it became more efficient at learning as the unimals bodies evolved.
Whether that discovery can be turned to account in the way robots are developed remains to be seen.But the way of testing is certainly an out-of-the-box idea.
5．How was the test conducted？________
A．By promoting Unimals learning.
B．By adjusting the environments.
C．By proving the evolution theory.
D．By stimulating Unimals mutation.
6．What turned out to be surprising in the test？________
A．The number of trained unimals.
B．The decline in time for learning tasks.
C．The variety of evolved shapes.
D．The replacement of old unimals.
7．What can be concluded from the test？________
A．Mind evolution affects body shaping.
B．Body changes better mind work.
C．Hardware changes do not impact software.
D．The discovery is useful in robot development.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8．What s the author s attitude to the finding？________
A．Negative. B．Objective.
C．Indifferent. D．Approving.
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2022·辽宁省辽南协作校高三第三次模拟)
Believe it or not, challenging some of your limits, which you have never tried, __1__ (help) you change for the better.When meeting with difficulties or new things, don t step back.Rather, figure out __2__ you are frightened of and do it __3__ (continuous).
If you are a salesman, afraid of talking to people personally or over the phone, now, instead of __4__ (feel) scared and concerned about your failure, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call.Although someone may hang up on you, don t stop on __5__ first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eyes, saying, “Go on, and I am not scared！” Your confidence will increase significantly in this way.
Recent __6__ (survey) show that starting with a hobby also encourages us to face challenges, like cooking, sewing, gardening, painting and so on.Whatever it is, __7__ (believe) it is a good chance to try new things.And these hobbies may also give you some extra income, if __8__ (carry) out well.
__9__ is no denying that many other ways can also help you accept challenges, like setting aside fixed time to exercise and travelling with friends or alone.All in all, challenging yourself can make you __10__ (brave) and adapt to society better.
Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2022·河北省唐山市高考二模)
你班将举行以How to Stay Motivated in Learning为主题的英文演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿。
注意：
1．词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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Ⅳ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·湖北省武昌区高三模拟预测)
It was just the three of us—my parents and me.I always felt it a pity that I would never have a chance to know what grandparents “spoiling” love would be like.
My dad is a truck driver, and when I was little, he was gone most of the time, delivering wire and other supplies around the Midwest.My mom is a devoted teacher, always busy switching between looking after her only child and her many students.
We lived in a small house in Brighton, Colorado, in a neighborhood of 1970s old houses.We moved there on my third birthday.My first memory is our neighbor Arlene handing me strawberries from her garden through a hole in the chain-link fence.She and her husband, Bill, lived next door.
Arlene spent a lot of time working in the garden, and I was always talking to her from our yard.I think what drew me to Arlene and Bill is that they never got tired of listening to me.I also think Arlene saw a lot of herself in me—we were both lonely, anxious—and that may be why she always took the time to listen to me.Bill too.It was a wonderful connection.
One day, my parents asked Bill and Arlene whether they d watch me while they went out.This worked well for everyone, so it became a somewhat frequent occurrence.Arlene and Bill didn t have kids.They had a spare room in their house, which became “my” room.I had boxes of toys and books in that room.Arlene and I would do crafts together.Bill taught me how to ride a bike and later how to fly a kite.It was his company that made father s constant absence not so unbearable.
When I was about five, I had an idea.My parents were watching TV when I spat it out, “What if I adopted Bill and Arlene as my grandparents？”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My parents said I could ask them tomorrow._____________________________________
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From the day I adopted them, I called Bill and Arlene Grandpa and Grandma.__________
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答案
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了15岁的Kyle Tianshi发明了检测水中有害的微观粒子的设备，获得了加州青年可持续发展奖的最高荣誉。
1．C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.(Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉。)”可知，Kyle因他的发明而获奖。故选C。
2．A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego, California, US.People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water.(Kyle基于他在美国加州圣地亚哥的成长经历，想出了这个发明的主意。人们喝不到无污染的饮用水，他的父母要求他不要喝自来水。)”可知，Kyle发明NEREID是由于人们缺乏干净的饮用水。故选A。
3．D　推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第二段“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.(Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉。)”及最后一段最后一句“They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.(他们创立了清水创新项目，通过社交媒体平台倡导清洁用水，并组织社区清洁活动。)”可知，Kyle发明NEREID，使人们能够喝到干净的饮用水，并通过实际行动倡导清洁用水，保护环境，因此他有责任心且有创意。故选D。
4．D　主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段“Kyle, a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US, received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.(Kyle是美国剑桥学院的一名二年级学生，他因便携式发明NEREID获得了这项荣誉。)”可知，文章主要讲述15岁的Kyle Tianshi发明了检测水中有害的微观粒子的设备，使人们能够喝到干净的饮用水，还创立清水创新项目，倡导清洁用水，故D项“一位美国学生对于水的解决方案”能够概括文章大意。故选D。
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了通过改进机器人的软件来改进它的软设备。然而，斯坦福大学的阿格里姆·古普塔却不这么认为。他认为还可以通过改进硬件来改进机器人的软件。他和他的同事们发明了一种方法来验证这个想法。
5．B　推理判断题。根据第二段“They brought to their robots, unimals, the principles of evolution (进化) by natural selection.Unimals, with globes for heads and sticks for arms and legs, are software beings interacting with a virtual environment.The environments where they wandered were in three varieties: flat grounds, grounds with hills and steps, and ones that had the complexities of the second sort, but with added objects.(他们给他们的机器人，unimals，带来了自然选择的进化原则。unimals的头是地球仪，四肢是棍子，它们是与虚拟环境互动的软件生物。它们漫游的环境有三种：平地，有山丘和台阶的地面，以及第二种复杂的环境，但添加了物品。)”可知，通过调整环境，来进行试验。故选B。
6．C　细节理解题。根据第四段“The team were surprised by the diversity of shapes that evolved.(研究小组对进化出的形状的多样性感到惊讶。)”可知，测试中令人惊讶的是进化出的各种形状。故选C。
7．B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“What Dr Gupta has shown, though in software, is that the opposite can also be true—changes in body morphology can improve the way minds work.(古普塔博士的研究表明，尽管是在软件上，相反的情况也可能是真的——身体形态的改变可以改善大脑的工作方式。)”可知，身体的变化使大脑工作得更好。故选B。
8．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether that discovery can be turned to account in the way robots are developed remains to be seen.But the way of testing is certainly an out-of-the-box idea.(这一发现是否能在机器人的开发中发挥作用还有待观察。但测试的方法确实是一个创新的想法。)”可知，作者对这一发现持客观的态度。故选B。
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人们在接受新事物后，会给人带来意想不到的效果，鼓励人们放下包袱，挑战自我。
1．helps　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：信不信由你，挑战你从没有挑战过的一些极限，会帮助你改变得更好。分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词，全文讲述事实真理，所以要用一般现在时。再结合动名词充当的主语challenging，谓语动词应该是第三人称单数形式，故填helps。
2．what　考查名词性从句。句意：而是弄明白你所害怕之事并且继续做它。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，引导词充当从句中be frightened of的宾语，表示“你害怕的事情”，应用what引导。故填what。
3．continuously　考查副词。句意：而是弄明白你所害怕之事并且继续做它。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词do，需用副词来修饰作状语，故填continuously。
4．feeling　考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你是一名推销员，害怕与人面对面或通过电话交谈，现在，不是害怕和担忧你的失败，而是要每天花5分钟拿起电话来打。分析句子结构可知，此处需要动名词来作介词of 的宾语，故填feeling。
5．the　考查冠词。句意：即使有人挂你的电话，那么首次尝试，也不要放弃。分析句子可知，first为序数词，此处需要定冠词，on the first try第一次尝试，故填the。
6．surveys　考查名词复数。句意：最近的调查显示开始一个爱好会有助于我们面对挑战，像烹饪、缝纫、园艺、绘画等。survey是可数名词，分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，此处需要名词的复数形式充当句子主语，故填surveys。
7．believe　考查祈使句。句意：无论它是什么，相信这是一个尝试新东西的机会。分析句子结构可知，空格前面为让步状语从句，后面的主句为祈使句，此处需要用动词原形开头，故填believe。
8．carried　考查状语从句的省略。句意：这些爱好会给你带来额外的收入，如果被开展地顺利的话。分析句子结构可知，此处是状语从句的省略，动词carry与逻辑主语these hobbies之间是被动关系，完整形式为if they are carried out well，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，故填carried。
9．There　考查固定句式。句意：不可否认还有很多其他的方法也能帮助你面对挑战，像留出固定的时间锻炼身体，与朋友或独自旅行。There is no denying that...不可否认的是……，固定句型，首字母应大写。故填There。
10．braver　考查形容词比较级。句意：总而言之，挑战自己会使你更勇敢、更好地适应社会。结合句意，分析句子结构，还有句尾“better”的提示，此处需要形容词的比较级，作宾语补足语，故填braver。
【范文】
How to Stay Motivated in Learning
Staying motivated can help you focus on the work in hand and achieve success in learning.Here are some tips that will help you do just that.
Firstly, set your goals in learning and work towards it.Secondly, beat the things that slow you down such as personal problems, procrastination, and low confidence.Instead of aiming too high, set realistic expectations and look for small improvements and successes as you work towards your goals.Finally, when you have finished your tasks, reward yourself.This will make you feel good about your little successes and motivate you to keep up with the good work.
Hope the tips can help you.
【范文】
My parents said I could ask them tomorrow. The next day, heart pounding in my chest, I knocked on Bill and Arlene s door, sat down in their living room and stammered out my question tentatively, “Will you guys care to be my grandparents？” At these words, they were petrified with surprise and the room fell into an awkward silence.“Maybe they are not so fond of me as I thought.” I murmured to myself, doubts crowding in on me.I was about to sneak out when my friends reached out their arms and embraced me tightly.“Of course！” they responded enthusiastically, tears of joy brimming in their eyes.
From the day I adopted them, I called Bill and Arlene Grandpa and Grandma. They even went to great lengths to print out an adoption certificate, and it hung on their living room wall proudly.Over the years, my dear grandparents supported me in all my gloomy days, encouraged me to pursue dreams regardless of numerous obstacles, and imparted their invaluable wisdom to me selflessly.I could find no words to express how grateful and fortunate I felt for their presence in my life.However, it was when they told me in their last days that how much joy and comfort I had brought into their otherwise tedious life that I truly became the luckiest grandson in the world.