2023届高三英语复习认识定语从句 课件-（18张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语复习认识定语从句 课件-（18张ppt) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-03 16:49:28 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
高考英语核心语法之
定语从句
Attention
一、什么是定语从句？
1. 作用相当于一个形容词
2. 是名词的一种后置修饰成分
We need a good teacher.
我们需要一位好老师。
我们需要一位不会让我们上课睡着的老师。
We need a teacher who doesn’t make us fall asleep in class.
二、名词短语的构成（左二右六修饰原则）
名词 man
限定词
the
名词
camera
形容词
happy
介词短语
形容词短语
现在分词短语
定语从句
不定式短语
过去分词短语
in black
to help her
sitting next to her
kind to her
beaten to death
who I know
This girl in a red coat is my sister.
A girl capable of anything
I have tons of letters to answer.
We met a group of pupils returning from school.
What is the language spoken in the area
三、定语从句两要素：先行词和关系词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词（走在前面）
I like people who have a good sense of humor.
关系词：连接主语和从句，指代先行词，同时在定语从句中充当一定成分的连词
四、关系词分类
决定关系词的不是先行词，而是关系词在定语从句中充当的成分
来认识一下关系词的本质吧：
搞定定语从句关系词两步走
1. 看从句中是否缺必要成分，即主语、宾语、表语
2. 看先行词的词义选关系词
定语从句缺主语／宾语／表语吗？
选关系代词
具体选谁，看先行词
选关系副词
具体选谁，看先行词
人用who that whom
非人that which
限定名词whose
时间
when
原因why
其他名词
where
缺
不缺
I like guys who/that are humorous and rich.
A plane is a machine that/which can fly.
指人时，who比that更常用；
指物时，that比which更常用
缺主语
I like to find a partner who/whom/that I can trust.
This is the suitcase that/which she bought.
I like to find a partner I can trust.
This is the suitcase she bought.
关系代词在从句中充当宾语时通常可以省略
缺动宾
缺介宾
The man who/whom/that/- I told you about is sitting over there.
I love the music which/that/- I can dance to.
介词前置
The man about whom I told you is sitting over there.
I love the music to which I can dance.
介词前置,先行词做宾语，
关系代词只能用 which/whom，且不可省略
关系限定词whose
先行词是人或物都可以; 关系词后必须后接名词;关系词前后两个名词是所属关系.
因此whose要夹在两个词中间
This is the man whose son died in that air crash.
This teacher whose course I’m taking is excellent.
定语从句缺主语／宾语／表语吗？
选关系代词
具体选谁，看先行词
选关系副词
具体选谁，看先行词
人用who that whom
非人that which
限定名词whose
时间
when
原因why
其他名词
where
缺
不缺
辨析
1. I still remember the days we spent in the country.
2. I still remember the days we studied together.
3. The factory we visited is far away.
4. The factory this kind of cars are made is very modern.
5. I don’t know the reason he is angry with me.
6. The reason he gave us for his being absent isn’t acceptable.
that
where
when
why
that
that
when在定语从句中充当时间状语
I will never forget the day when I met you.
when可以用“介词+which“替换
I will never forget the day on which I met you.
1919 is the year when the revolution took place.
1919 is the year in which the revelution took place.
why在定语从句中充当原因状语
That’s propably the major reason why he suddenly left school.
That’s propably the major reason for which he suddenly left school.
why只能用“for+which“替换
where在定语从句中充当地点状语
She had several friends from African countries where French is spoken.
where可以用“介词+which“替换
The city where we spent our holidays was beautiful.
The city in which we spent our summer vacation is beautiful.
无所不在的where
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themslves differently.
This is the best relationship where you can completely be yourself.
认识非限制性定语从句
在先行词的后面出现逗号的，是非限制性定语从句。
He is Han haolin, who plays the role of little Fanxian.
Football, which is an interesting game, is very popular all over the world.
Football is an interesting game, which makes it popular all over the world.
as引导非限制性定语从句，可放句中或句首，意为“正如”
As we all know, no life can live without water.
as引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达
as we all know
as is well known
as you see
As we expect
as often happens
as I can remember
as has been said before
ass/ was expected
as can be seen
as is often the case
众所周知
众所周知
如你所见
正如我们预料的那样
正如经常发生的那样
正如我所记得的
如前所述
正如预料的那样
正如所见
情况常常是这样
Exercise
1.She and her family bicycle to work，___________helps them keep fit (2018·北京卷)
2. Kate, _____________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia(2018·天津卷)
3. During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes _______________allowed me to keep my high social status.(2019·全国I卷)
高考链接
which
which
whose
4. The little problems_____________we meet in our daily lives maybe
inspirations for great inventions.(2017 北京卷)
5, But Sarah,__________has taken part in shows along with top models,
wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017 全国Ⅲ卷)
6. Like anything, it is possible to have too much fat and salt,
________________is not good for the health(2017 全国卷)
that
which
who
Look at the sentences and choose the right answer.
1 who follows a word referring to _____ A a person B a thing
2 which follows a word referring to______A a thing B a person
3 Instead of that you can say______ A who B which
4 whose means_____ A his/her/their/its B who
5 whom is possible instead of________ A whose B who
Relative clauses
(who*that*which*whose*whom)
things
conclusion
person
her/his/their/its
who/that/whom
that/which
whose
Are these sentences right or wrong Correct them where necessary.
1 I don't like stories who have unhappy ending.
2 The driver which caused the accident was fined 500 yuan.
3 We live in a world who is changing all the time.
4 The house which window is white stands at the foot of the mountain.
5 Mr.Green is the person which we admire so much.
that/which
that/who
that/which
whose
who/whom/that
Exercises（who/whom/that/which/whose）.
1 He is the man ____________ lives upstairs.
2 I happened to meet the professor _________________I got to know
at a party.
3 The boy _________ is crying hard lost his way.
4 The train _____________ has just left is for Shenzhen.
5 I have never regretted the desicion ___________ I made years ago.
6 Please pass me the book _________ cover is green.
who/that
who /that/whom
who/that
that/which
that/which
whose
Introduce a person you admire or like to us by using who,that,which,whose or whom!
Oral Practice
person
appearance
hobbies
character
habit
...
Example:
The person who I admire so much is Tuyouyou for her great contributions to the world which saves a lot of people's life.Tu is my idol whose spirits encourage
me forever!
Homework
Please use what we learn today to polish the letter written by Li Hua.
THANKING FOR YOUR LISTENING
THANK YOU
谢 谢 ！
高考英语核心语法之
定语从句
Attention
一、什么是定语从句？
1. 作用相当于一个形容词
2. 是名词的一种后置修饰成分
We need a good teacher.
我们需要一位好老师。
我们需要一位不会让我们上课睡着的老师。
We need a teacher who doesn’t make us fall asleep in class.
二、名词短语的构成（左二右六修饰原则）
名词 man
限定词
the
名词
camera
形容词
happy
介词短语
形容词短语
现在分词短语
定语从句
不定式短语
过去分词短语
in black
to help her
sitting next to her
kind to her
beaten to death
who I know
This girl in a red coat is my sister.
A girl capable of anything
I have tons of letters to answer.
We met a group of pupils returning from school.
What is the language spoken in the area
三、定语从句两要素：先行词和关系词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词（走在前面）
I like people who have a good sense of humor.
关系词：连接主语和从句，指代先行词，同时在定语从句中充当一定成分的连词
四、关系词分类
决定关系词的不是先行词，而是关系词在定语从句中充当的成分
来认识一下关系词的本质吧：
搞定定语从句关系词两步走
1. 看从句中是否缺必要成分，即主语、宾语、表语
2. 看先行词的词义选关系词
定语从句缺主语／宾语／表语吗？
选关系代词
具体选谁，看先行词
选关系副词
具体选谁，看先行词
人用who that whom
非人that which
限定名词whose
时间
when
原因why
其他名词
where
缺
不缺
I like guys who/that are humorous and rich.
A plane is a machine that/which can fly.
指人时，who比that更常用；
指物时，that比which更常用
缺主语
I like to find a partner who/whom/that I can trust.
This is the suitcase that/which she bought.
I like to find a partner I can trust.
This is the suitcase she bought.
关系代词在从句中充当宾语时通常可以省略
缺动宾
缺介宾
The man who/whom/that/- I told you about is sitting over there.
I love the music which/that/- I can dance to.
介词前置
The man about whom I told you is sitting over there.
I love the music to which I can dance.
介词前置,先行词做宾语，
关系代词只能用 which/whom，且不可省略
关系限定词whose
先行词是人或物都可以; 关系词后必须后接名词;关系词前后两个名词是所属关系.
因此whose要夹在两个词中间
This is the man whose son died in that air crash.
This teacher whose course I’m taking is excellent.
定语从句缺主语／宾语／表语吗？
选关系代词
具体选谁，看先行词
选关系副词
具体选谁，看先行词
人用who that whom
非人that which
限定名词whose
时间
when
原因why
其他名词
where
缺
不缺
辨析
1. I still remember the days we spent in the country.
2. I still remember the days we studied together.
3. The factory we visited is far away.
4. The factory this kind of cars are made is very modern.
5. I don’t know the reason he is angry with me.
6. The reason he gave us for his being absent isn’t acceptable.
that
where
when
why
that
that
when在定语从句中充当时间状语
I will never forget the day when I met you.
when可以用“介词+which“替换
I will never forget the day on which I met you.
1919 is the year when the revolution took place.
1919 is the year in which the revelution took place.
why在定语从句中充当原因状语
That’s propably the major reason why he suddenly left school.
That’s propably the major reason for which he suddenly left school.
why只能用“for+which“替换
where在定语从句中充当地点状语
She had several friends from African countries where French is spoken.
where可以用“介词+which“替换
The city where we spent our holidays was beautiful.
The city in which we spent our summer vacation is beautiful.
无所不在的where
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themslves differently.
This is the best relationship where you can completely be yourself.
认识非限制性定语从句
在先行词的后面出现逗号的，是非限制性定语从句。
He is Han haolin, who plays the role of little Fanxian.
Football, which is an interesting game, is very popular all over the world.
Football is an interesting game, which makes it popular all over the world.
as引导非限制性定语从句，可放句中或句首，意为“正如”
As we all know, no life can live without water.
as引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达
as we all know
as is well known
as you see
As we expect
as often happens
as I can remember
as has been said before
ass/ was expected
as can be seen
as is often the case
众所周知
众所周知
如你所见
正如我们预料的那样
正如经常发生的那样
正如我所记得的
如前所述
正如预料的那样
正如所见
情况常常是这样
Exercise
1.She and her family bicycle to work，___________helps them keep fit (2018·北京卷)
2. Kate, _____________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia(2018·天津卷)
3. During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes _______________allowed me to keep my high social status.(2019·全国I卷)
高考链接
which
which
whose
4. The little problems_____________we meet in our daily lives maybe
inspirations for great inventions.(2017 北京卷)
5, But Sarah,__________has taken part in shows along with top models,
wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017 全国Ⅲ卷)
6. Like anything, it is possible to have too much fat and salt,
________________is not good for the health(2017 全国卷)
that
which
who
Look at the sentences and choose the right answer.
1 who follows a word referring to _____ A a person B a thing
2 which follows a word referring to______A a thing B a person
3 Instead of that you can say______ A who B which
4 whose means_____ A his/her/their/its B who
5 whom is possible instead of________ A whose B who
Relative clauses
(who*that*which*whose*whom)
things
conclusion
person
her/his/their/its
who/that/whom
that/which
whose
Are these sentences right or wrong Correct them where necessary.
1 I don't like stories who have unhappy ending.
2 The driver which caused the accident was fined 500 yuan.
3 We live in a world who is changing all the time.
4 The house which window is white stands at the foot of the mountain.
5 Mr.Green is the person which we admire so much.
that/which
that/who
that/which
whose
who/whom/that
Exercises（who/whom/that/which/whose）.
1 He is the man ____________ lives upstairs.
2 I happened to meet the professor _________________I got to know
at a party.
3 The boy _________ is crying hard lost his way.
4 The train _____________ has just left is for Shenzhen.
5 I have never regretted the desicion ___________ I made years ago.
6 Please pass me the book _________ cover is green.
who/that
who /that/whom
who/that
that/which
that/which
whose
Introduce a person you admire or like to us by using who,that,which,whose or whom!
Oral Practice
person
appearance
hobbies
character
habit
...
Example:
The person who I admire so much is Tuyouyou for her great contributions to the world which saves a lot of people's life.Tu is my idol whose spirits encourage
me forever!
Homework
Please use what we learn today to polish the letter written by Li Hua.
THANKING FOR YOUR LISTENING
THANK YOU
谢 谢 ！