【人教2023中考英语一轮复习】教材分主题读写综合训练14. 八(下) Units 7～8 —世界主要国家的地理位置与自然环境

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中考英语
一轮复习课件
人教版
八年级(下) Units 7～8
人教版2023中考英语第一轮复习
完形填空
1
阅读理解 第一节
2
阅读理解 第二节
3
综合填空
4
人与自然—世界主要国家的地理位置与自然环境
一、 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
It had always been my dream to visit the Great Wall. So when the
1 finally came in the spring of last year, I did not hesitate(犹豫)．
The Great Wall measures a total of 21，196 kilometers.
( )1. A. exam B. holiday C. chance D. festival
C
After a little research, I decided to 2 Mutianyu. 思维拓展1题It was the second closest to Beijing (where I stayed), and it was quieter than Badaling, the most popular place.
The 3 was cool and fresh on the morning of my visit. It took me two hours to 4 from my hotel to Mutianyu.
( )2. A. develop B. visit C. change D. build
( )3. A. drink B. air C. food D. water
( )4. A. return B. see C. drive D. continue
B
B
C
长难句分析
It was the second closest to Beijing (where I stayed), and it was quieter than Badaling, the most popular place.
析成分：本句为并列复合句。and连接两个并列句，It was the second closest to Beijing (where I stayed)为第一分句，其中where I stayed为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing; it was quieter than Badaling, the most popular place为第二分句，the most popular place作Badaling的同位语，进一步解释说明。
句意：它是离(我住的地方)北京第二近的地方，比最受欢迎的八达岭更安静。
I couldn't help but feel excited while I was on my way. As soon as I stepped out of the cable car(缆车), I 5 aceful the view (风景) was. At certain points far away, I saw the small square 6 _ of the watchtowers among the trees.
( )5. A. rushed B. climbed C. flew D. jumped
( )6. A. prices B. colors C. sizes D. shapes
A
D
I headed north to the 7 point at Mutianyu. I stopped every few hundred meters to enjoy the green plants around me. The Great Wall was really a 8 climb as it closely hugged the mountains. I had to lift my legs 9 almost to my waist(腰部) in order to be able to climb its big steps.
( )7. A. longest B. nearest C. farthest D. tallest
( )8. A. difficult B. simple C. happy D. peaceful
( )9. A. down B. up C. away D. back
C
A
B
10 I even had to hold on the side of the steps for balance(平衡), the view simply took my breath away at the top.
It took me almost four hours to 11 the end of the Wall. When I got there, I saw a small crowd of 12 tourists trying to catch their breath.
( )10. A. Unless B. Since C. While D. Though
( )11. A. leave B. reach C. hide D. stay
( )12. A. tired B. hungry C. sleepy D. thirsty
D
B
A
After a short break, I 13 and headed towards the exit. Again, I stopped every once in a while to enjoy the view and to take more 14 .
The Great Wall is 15 a must see place on the earth. 思维拓展2题I'm so proud to have been able to visit it!
( )13. A. thought over B. looked down C. turned back D. gave up
( )14. A. photos B. actions C. notes D. risks
( )15. A. nearly B. hardly C. mostly D. truly
C
A
D
( )1. 创新考点·图片理解Which of the following can we visit in the city where the writer stayed
思维拓展
C
趋势解读
本题为图片理解题，属于细节理解题进行了微创新，将常规选项中的文字内容改为图片，让学生结合文字所表达的内容识别图像，考查学生对文本精细理解的能力。采用图文结合的方式综合考查学生的“读”和“看”的能力。纵观全国真题，此考点涉及较多，如2022广东52题、2022河南23题等。解答此类试题，需认真观察图片，从中提取图片所传达的信息，再与题干进行匹配，从而得出答案。
( )2. What does the writer think of his trip to Mutianyu
A. Worthy.
B. Crazy.
C. Regretful.
D. Boring.
思维拓展
A
( )3. 创新考点·文章结构What's the structure of the passage？(P＝Paragraph)
思维拓展
C
请借鉴“一、完形填空” 素材中的内容，讲述你与大自然的一次亲密接触的经历及感受。词数50左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________
___________________________________________
微写作
Last Sunday, my parents took me to the village to enjoy the beauty of nature. The air in the village is fresh and I can look at the clouds clearly. The shapes change from time to time.They became flying dragons at first, and then changed into dogs. Of course, there were also other sights that I had never seen in the city. The beauty of nature really surprised me.
二、阅读理解 第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
马里亚纳海沟之旅
James Cameron, the famous explorer(探险家) and movie director, traveled to the deepest point of the Mariana Trench(马里亚纳海沟)—the Challenger Deep on March 26, 2012. At about 11，000 meters below sea level, 2题this is the deepest point on the earth. 1题Since childhood, Cameron has wanted to dive and explore the ocean.
外文素材改编自OUR WORLD
Now he has reached the deepest point in the ocean alone.
The Mariana Trench is perhaps the most isolated(偏远的) place on the planet. Because of its depth, the pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench is very strong.2题 The temperature is just a few degrees above zero degrees, and the place is always in darkness. Although two explorers went there in 1960, Cameron was the first to film this strange, dark place.
For this exploration, Cameron traveled in a submersible(潜水器) called the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER.
It was 7.3 meters long and 1.09 meters wide—so small that Cameron could hardly move. 3题But it was powerful enough to reach the bottom of the ocean in just two hours and thirty six minutes and go up in seventy minutes! In the DEEPSEA CHALLENGER, Cameron spent three hours filming the bottom of the ocean while its mechanical arms 4题were picking up rocks and animals.
We know less about the deepest points on our planet than we do about the surface of Mars. But the rocks Cameron collected will give scientists a lot of information. When they study the rocks, they might discover more about the shape of the land and the earthquakes that cause tsunamis(海啸). And by studying the living things that survive there, perhaps scientists can even learn more about how life began!
( )1. What has Cameron wanted to do since he was a little boy
A. To film movies.
B. To travel the city.
C. To become a traveler.
D. To explore the ocean.
D
( )2. 创新考法·组合式选择How is Mariana Trench according to the passage
①Always dark. ②Freezing.
③Very deep. ④Beautiful.
A. ①②④ B. ①③④
C. ①②③ D. ②③④
C
( )3. How long did Cameron need to take a round trip to the ocean by submersible
A. Two hours.
B. Three hours.
C. Seventy minutes.
D. Three hours and forty six minutes.
D
( )4. What does the underlined word “mechanical” mean in Chinese
A. 人工的
B. 坚硬的
C. 沉重的
D. 机械的
D
( ) 5. What's the main idea of the passage
A. The wonder of the Mariana Trench.
B. Cameron's journey and its influence.
C. How to film the Mariana Trench by Cameron.
D. The deepest point on the earth—The Mariana Trench.
B
三、阅读理解 第二节(2022苏州改编)(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings.1题 Why does this happen
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they fly right into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
1.__ Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass.
Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands.
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they fly right into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
A
2.____ 2题They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. 3题The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 3.________
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they fly right into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
C
D
4题Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse(迷惑) the birds. 4.________
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they fly right into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
F
The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground.
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they fly right into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
5．____ 5题Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy.
A. The answer is glass.
B. People are trying to solve the problem.
C. These birds have no idea what glass is.
D. As a result, they fly right into the glass.
E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass.
F. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights.
B
人类与北极熊共生
Churchill, in Northern Canada, is the polar bear(北极熊) capital of the world. The town has about 800 villagers. The number of bears is nearly the same 1.________ that of villagers.
as　
四、 综合填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
外文素材改编自Eyes Open
思维拓展1题&2题The town of Churchill and the bears have lived together peacefully for 300 years. People in Churchill think that they have the most comfortable relationship with the bears. It seems that there are rules between them, although the bears 2.________(break) them twice in the past 300 years with two serious bear attacks(袭击). However, climate change has made the peaceful situation more difficult. So, many bears are hungry and come to look for food in Churchill.
broke
长难句分析
It seems that there are rules between them, although the bears broke them twice in the past 300 years with two serious bear attacks(袭击)．
析成分：本句为主从复合句。It seems ... them为主句，其中that there ... attacks为that连接的表语从句，包含一个there be句型；although ... attacks为although引导的让步状语从句，with two serious bear attacks为伴随状语。
句意：他们之间似乎是有规则的，尽管在过去的300年里，熊两次打破了规则，严重地袭击了他们两次。
Once two bear “robbed”(打劫) some 3._______(kid) and took food from their hands. They even get food through 4.________ hard competition, which means some of the bears may die or get hurt.
November is one of the most dangerous months in a year, because polar bears often attack humans 5.________(find) food at that time. You need to take the thing 6.________ (serious). If you forget to close the door, this 7.________(careful) mistake will bring bad things.
kids
a
to find　
seriously　
careless
思维拓展2题Churchill wants bears and humans to co exist, so there is a programme, managed by Bob Wilson of Manitoba Conservation. The idea is not to hurt the bears, 8.________ to make them scared of people. It's not easy to do this because when the bears are 9.________ (touch) by a person, they are out of control. Bob has different ways to scare the bears. 思维拓展2题He is used to 10.________(choose) to use a “special” gun, a noisy air horn(号角) and other things to scare them off!
but
touched
choosing　
( )1. 创新考点·写作手法How does the writer organize Paragraph 2
A. By showing an opinion.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving reasons.
D. By telling a story.
思维拓展
D
( )2. What is the right order according to the passage
a. Use a horn and other things to scare bears off.
b. Churchill made a program for bears and humans to co exist again.
c. Churchill's villagers live together with polar bears.
d. The bears robbed the villagers hungrily.
A. b－d－a－c B. b－c－d－a
C. c－d－b－a D. a－c－d－b
思维拓展
C
请借鉴“四、综合填空”素材中的内容，谈谈你在日常生活中是如何与动物和谐共处的。词数50左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
微写作
I have a pet cat. Her name is Julia. I like playing with her. She will lie beside me when I do my homework in the evening. My parents ask me to take care of her on weekends. So I feed her food, take her bath and sleep with her. She is lovely, and all my friends like her.
谢谢
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