人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1Science and Scientists 重点词汇知识清单语境重现检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1Science and Scientists 重点词汇知识清单语境重现检测（含答案） |  | |
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一轮复习 选必二 Unit 1 重点词汇 知识清单 语境重现
温故知新：
writing ability / written assignments; take sth to heart; stretching exercises / morning exercises / breathing exercises / take exercise; an untold story; be close to doing sth; at a speed of; set one’s eyes on; the likes of sb / sth; break away from; coincide with; pose a risk to society; mount / mountain; rehearse / rehearsal; at the top of one’s voice / lungs; swell with pride; in disbelief; protect / protest; a beat-up book; have a go / try; an animated film; pointless / senseless / valueless / meaningless; take a decision; kick sb out; dread / dreadful; in adversity / in the face of adversity
单句语法填空：
Using the figures given above, it can be seen that the machine has paid back the initial _______ (invest) in two years. 从以上的数字我们可以看出，这台机器在两年后就收回了最初的投资。
The dog had _______ (initial) been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff. 这条狗最初被打昏了,但后来靠喝悬崖底部一条小溪的水活了下来。(高考真题- 2015 山西 阅读B)
The authorities no longer subscribe _______ the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。
Using the figures given above, it can be seen that the machine has paid back the initial investment in two years. 从以上的数字我们可以看出，这台机器在两年后就收回了最初的投资。
The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff. 这条狗最初被打昏了,但后来靠喝悬崖底部一条小溪的水活了下来。(高考真题- 2015 山西 阅读B)
The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual _______ (subscribe) in America, usually $ 8 to $ 10 a year. 在19世纪30年代以前,美国大多数报纸都是通过年度订阅销售的,通常每年8到10美元。(高考真题- 2019 全国3卷 阅读C)
The way in which we work has undergone a complete _______ (transform) in the past decade. 在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。
Despite his cries, no one came to his _______ (assist). 尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
Early _______ (astronomy) thought that our planet was the centre of the universe.早期的天文学家认为我们的星球是宇宙的中心。
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $ 8 to $ 10 a year. 在19世纪30年代以前,美国大多数报纸都是通过年度订阅销售的,通常每年8到10美元。(高考真题- 2019 全国3卷 阅读C)
The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade. 在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。
Despite his cries, no one came to his assistance. 尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
Early astronomers thought that our planet was the centre of the universe.早期的天文学家认为我们的星球是宇宙的中心。
He is living ____(prove) that some players just get better with age. 有些运动员年纪越大状态越好，他就是个活生生的例子。
White has always been a symbol of _______ (pure) in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
_______ (purify) water for drinking and domestic usage is the key elements of high quality life. 使您的饮用水和生活用水都很洁净，是高生活品质的关键要素。
We are finally waking up to the _______ (severe) of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.我们终于意识到了问题的严重性，因此支持并开发了一系列工具、应用程序和方法来防止诈骗电话拨出。(高考真题- 2019 北京 阅读C)
He is living proof that some players just get better with age. 有些运动员年纪越大状态越好，他就是个活生生的例子。
White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
Purified water for drinking and domestic usage is the key elements of high quality life. 使您的饮用水和生活用水都很洁净，是高生活品质的关键要素。
We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.我们终于意识到了问题的严重性，因此支持并开发了一系列工具、应用程序和方法来防止诈骗电话拨出。(高考真题- 2019 北京 阅读C)
I _______ (vivid) remember the day we first met. 我对我们第一次相见的那天记忆犹新。
Sometimes _______ (frustrate) and anger can boil over into direct and violent action. 有时挫折和愤怒会以直接的暴力形式爆发出来。
We are faced with two apparently _______ (contradict) statements. 我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。
His public speeches are in direct _______ (contradict) to his personal lifestyle. 他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式恰恰相反。
Laughter is one of the most _______ (infection) expressions of emotion .笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。
I vividly remember the day we first met. 我对我们第一次相见的那天记忆犹新。
Sometimes frustration and anger can boil over into direct and violent action. 有时挫折和愤怒会以直接的暴力形式爆发出来。
We are faced with two apparently contradictory statements. 我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。
His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle. 他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式恰恰相反。
Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of emotion .笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious disease mainly _______ (affect) children.当月20日, 韦尔奇医生给生病的男孩比利做了检查, 发现他得了白喉, 这是一种主要针对儿童的致命传染病。(高考真题- 2016 北京 完形填空)
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need _______ (mechanical), and architects need builders. 我从我这位修理工身上学到了很多：出版商需要打印工人，工程师需要机械师，建筑师也需要建筑工人。(高考真题- 2016 天津 阅读B)
The security forces had to intervene _______ (prevent) the situation worsening.安全部队不得不介入，以防止局势进一步恶化。
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting children.当月20日, 韦尔奇医生给生病的男孩比利做了检查, 发现他得了白喉, 这是一种主要针对儿童的致命传染病。(高考真题- 2016 北京 完形填空)
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. 我从我这位修理工身上学到了很多：出版商需要打印工人，工程师需要机械师，建筑师也需要建筑工人。(高考真题- 2016 天津 阅读B)
The security forces had to intervene to prevent the situation worsening.安全部队不得不介入，以防止局势进一步恶化。
Experts remain unclear as to why the danger appears to have been _______ (steady) increasing. 专家依然不清楚为什么危险似乎一直在增大。
In the 13th century. The mechanical clock _______ (invent). 机械钟于13世纪问世。(中考真题- 2018 天津 短文填空)
The report discloses that human error was _______ (blame) for the accident. 报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
课文原句：
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle _______ (require) creative imagination and marks real advance in science. (P1) 提出新问题，发现新可能，从新角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。
Experts remain unclear as to why the danger appears to have been steadily increasing. 专家依然不清楚为什么危险似乎一直在增大。
In the 13th century. The mechanical clock was invented. 机械钟于13世纪问世。(中考真题- 2018 天津 短文填空)
The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident. 报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
课文原句：
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science. (P1) 提出新问题，发现新可能，从新角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。
Through Snow’s _______ (tire) efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. (P3)经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity _______ has caused global warming. (P4) 许多科学家赞同人类活动导致全球变暖的观点。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science _______ Qian Xuesen. (P7) 也许没有任何一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. (P3)经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming. (P4) 许多科学家赞同人类活动导致全球变暖的观点。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. (P7) 也许没有任何一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
_______ (describe) by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man.(P7)《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，他热爱祖国，用自己的努力、成就和奉献为祖国服务，他是位非常受人尊敬的人。
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and _______ (put) in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. (P8) 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。
Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man.(P7)《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，他热爱祖国，用自己的努力、成就和奉献为祖国服务，他是位非常受人尊敬的人。
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. (P8) 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。
Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him _______ taking on the challenge. (P8) 然而，钱学森并没有因此而放弃接受挑战。
However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was _______ (probable) his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep _______ (appreciate) for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. (P8) 然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。
He was willing to say _______ others were afraid to say, and to dream of _______ others were afraid to dream about. (P9)他敢说别人不敢说的话，想着去做别人不敢想象去做的事。
Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge. (P8) 然而，钱学森并没有因此而放弃接受挑战。
However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. (P8) 然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。
He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. (P9)他敢说别人不敢说的话，想着去做别人不敢想象去做的事。
归纳拓展：
discourage sb from doing sth; take on the challenge; put sb in charge of sth; describe sb as … / beyond description; be to blame for; machine / machinery / mechanic / mechanical; infect / infection / infectious; contradict / contradictory / contradiction; frustrate / frustration; severe / severity; wake up to sth; pure / purity / purify / purified water /; prove / proof; astronomer / astronomy / astrology; come to one’s assistance / help / aid / rescue; transform / transformation; subscribe to the view that + 同位从句 / subscription / description / prescription; pay back the initial investment
Bye~
温故知新：
writing ability / written assignments; take sth to heart; stretching exercises / morning exercises / breathing exercises / take exercise; an untold story; be close to doing sth; at a speed of; set one’s eyes on; the likes of sb / sth; break away from; coincide with; pose a risk to society; mount / mountain; rehearse / rehearsal; at the top of one’s voice / lungs; swell with pride; in disbelief; protect / protest; a beat-up book; have a go / try; an animated film; pointless / senseless / valueless / meaningless; take a decision; kick sb out; dread / dreadful; in adversity / in the face of adversity
单句语法填空：
Using the figures given above, it can be seen that the machine has paid back the initial _______ (invest) in two years. 从以上的数字我们可以看出，这台机器在两年后就收回了最初的投资。
The dog had _______ (initial) been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff. 这条狗最初被打昏了,但后来靠喝悬崖底部一条小溪的水活了下来。(高考真题- 2015 山西 阅读B)
The authorities no longer subscribe _______ the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。
Using the figures given above, it can be seen that the machine has paid back the initial investment in two years. 从以上的数字我们可以看出，这台机器在两年后就收回了最初的投资。
The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff. 这条狗最初被打昏了,但后来靠喝悬崖底部一条小溪的水活了下来。(高考真题- 2015 山西 阅读B)
The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual _______ (subscribe) in America, usually $ 8 to $ 10 a year. 在19世纪30年代以前,美国大多数报纸都是通过年度订阅销售的,通常每年8到10美元。(高考真题- 2019 全国3卷 阅读C)
The way in which we work has undergone a complete _______ (transform) in the past decade. 在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。
Despite his cries, no one came to his _______ (assist). 尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
Early _______ (astronomy) thought that our planet was the centre of the universe.早期的天文学家认为我们的星球是宇宙的中心。
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $ 8 to $ 10 a year. 在19世纪30年代以前,美国大多数报纸都是通过年度订阅销售的,通常每年8到10美元。(高考真题- 2019 全国3卷 阅读C)
The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade. 在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。
Despite his cries, no one came to his assistance. 尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
Early astronomers thought that our planet was the centre of the universe.早期的天文学家认为我们的星球是宇宙的中心。
He is living ____(prove) that some players just get better with age. 有些运动员年纪越大状态越好，他就是个活生生的例子。
White has always been a symbol of _______ (pure) in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
_______ (purify) water for drinking and domestic usage is the key elements of high quality life. 使您的饮用水和生活用水都很洁净，是高生活品质的关键要素。
We are finally waking up to the _______ (severe) of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.我们终于意识到了问题的严重性，因此支持并开发了一系列工具、应用程序和方法来防止诈骗电话拨出。(高考真题- 2019 北京 阅读C)
He is living proof that some players just get better with age. 有些运动员年纪越大状态越好，他就是个活生生的例子。
White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。
Purified water for drinking and domestic usage is the key elements of high quality life. 使您的饮用水和生活用水都很洁净，是高生活品质的关键要素。
We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.我们终于意识到了问题的严重性，因此支持并开发了一系列工具、应用程序和方法来防止诈骗电话拨出。(高考真题- 2019 北京 阅读C)
I _______ (vivid) remember the day we first met. 我对我们第一次相见的那天记忆犹新。
Sometimes _______ (frustrate) and anger can boil over into direct and violent action. 有时挫折和愤怒会以直接的暴力形式爆发出来。
We are faced with two apparently _______ (contradict) statements. 我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。
His public speeches are in direct _______ (contradict) to his personal lifestyle. 他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式恰恰相反。
Laughter is one of the most _______ (infection) expressions of emotion .笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。
I vividly remember the day we first met. 我对我们第一次相见的那天记忆犹新。
Sometimes frustration and anger can boil over into direct and violent action. 有时挫折和愤怒会以直接的暴力形式爆发出来。
We are faced with two apparently contradictory statements. 我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。
His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle. 他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式恰恰相反。
Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of emotion .笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious disease mainly _______ (affect) children.当月20日, 韦尔奇医生给生病的男孩比利做了检查, 发现他得了白喉, 这是一种主要针对儿童的致命传染病。(高考真题- 2016 北京 完形填空)
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need _______ (mechanical), and architects need builders. 我从我这位修理工身上学到了很多：出版商需要打印工人，工程师需要机械师，建筑师也需要建筑工人。(高考真题- 2016 天津 阅读B)
The security forces had to intervene _______ (prevent) the situation worsening.安全部队不得不介入，以防止局势进一步恶化。
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting children.当月20日, 韦尔奇医生给生病的男孩比利做了检查, 发现他得了白喉, 这是一种主要针对儿童的致命传染病。(高考真题- 2016 北京 完形填空)
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. 我从我这位修理工身上学到了很多：出版商需要打印工人，工程师需要机械师，建筑师也需要建筑工人。(高考真题- 2016 天津 阅读B)
The security forces had to intervene to prevent the situation worsening.安全部队不得不介入，以防止局势进一步恶化。
Experts remain unclear as to why the danger appears to have been _______ (steady) increasing. 专家依然不清楚为什么危险似乎一直在增大。
In the 13th century. The mechanical clock _______ (invent). 机械钟于13世纪问世。(中考真题- 2018 天津 短文填空)
The report discloses that human error was _______ (blame) for the accident. 报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
课文原句：
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle _______ (require) creative imagination and marks real advance in science. (P1) 提出新问题，发现新可能，从新角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。
Experts remain unclear as to why the danger appears to have been steadily increasing. 专家依然不清楚为什么危险似乎一直在增大。
In the 13th century. The mechanical clock was invented. 机械钟于13世纪问世。(中考真题- 2018 天津 短文填空)
The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident. 报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
课文原句：
To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science. (P1) 提出新问题，发现新可能，从新角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。
Through Snow’s _______ (tire) efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. (P3)经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity _______ has caused global warming. (P4) 许多科学家赞同人类活动导致全球变暖的观点。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science _______ Qian Xuesen. (P7) 也许没有任何一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. (P3)经过斯诺的不懈努力，饮用水公司开始出售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming. (P4) 许多科学家赞同人类活动导致全球变暖的观点。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. (P7) 也许没有任何一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
_______ (describe) by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man.(P7)《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，他热爱祖国，用自己的努力、成就和奉献为祖国服务，他是位非常受人尊敬的人。
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and _______ (put) in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. (P8) 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。
Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man.(P7)《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，他热爱祖国，用自己的努力、成就和奉献为祖国服务，他是位非常受人尊敬的人。
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. (P8) 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。
Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him _______ taking on the challenge. (P8) 然而，钱学森并没有因此而放弃接受挑战。
However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was _______ (probable) his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep _______ (appreciate) for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. (P8) 然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。
He was willing to say _______ others were afraid to say, and to dream of _______ others were afraid to dream about. (P9)他敢说别人不敢说的话，想着去做别人不敢想象去做的事。
Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge. (P8) 然而，钱学森并没有因此而放弃接受挑战。
However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. (P8) 然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。
He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. (P9)他敢说别人不敢说的话，想着去做别人不敢想象去做的事。
归纳拓展：
discourage sb from doing sth; take on the challenge; put sb in charge of sth; describe sb as … / beyond description; be to blame for; machine / machinery / mechanic / mechanical; infect / infection / infectious; contradict / contradictory / contradiction; frustrate / frustration; severe / severity; wake up to sth; pure / purity / purify / purified water /; prove / proof; astronomer / astronomy / astrology; come to one’s assistance / help / aid / rescue; transform / transformation; subscribe to the view that + 同位从句 / subscription / description / prescription; pay back the initial investment
Bye~