专题04 阅读理解A篇-广东中考英语必考题型解析及特训练习(含答案解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题04 阅读理解A篇之应用文
2022广东省初中学业水平考试英语试题分析
一、试题整体变化分析
3 阅读理解 阅读A篇出现了1题图片理解题（体现了题型的不确定性）
2.题干以特殊疑问句为主（A+B篇共10题有9题是特殊疑问句
3.阅读B篇选用了记叙文（首次出现，体现了题材的不确定性）
第四题 阅读理解
选材特点分析
年份 A篇 B篇 C篇
体裁 题材 词数 体裁 题材 词数 体裁 题材 词数
2022 应用文 活动 185 说明文 人物 258 应用文 短信 257
2021 应用文 活动 210 说明文 粮食浪费 283 应用文 英语习语 341
2020 应用文 活动 238 说明文 动物 221 应用文 线上展览 315
2019 应用文 欺凌 263 说明文 机器人 258 应用文 俱乐部 401
2018 应用文 节日 279 说明文 物理 292 应用文 文化活动 335
2017 应用文 比赛 243 说明文 自然 269 应用文 旅游路线 334
2016 应用文 禁毒 254 说明文 交流 270 应用文 应用软件 383
A篇是一篇应用文，关于社区AI体验活动的告示，贴合时事。B篇在文体上与往年有所不同，选用了一篇叙事类的文章。讲述了著名的登山探险家Jerry和他的团队在探险的同时为科学家收集科研样本，让登山探险活动变得更有意义。AB篇题型具体为：6道细节理解与细节判断题、1道词义猜测题、1道段落大意题、1道最佳标题题，还有1道图文理解题。词义猜测题延续了2021年的考法，考查单词的英文释义。
这两个题型在近几年广州市中考试题和其他省份的中考试题中均出现过。同时，2022年A篇最后一题没有像往年一样要求考生推断文章出处或读者对象。配对阅读考查是短信与回复，体现了英语作为一门工具语言的交流作用，贴近学生生活。阅读词汇量和难度较2021年均有所下降。2022年的阅读理解整体上体现了中考“稳中有变”的趋势。因此，我们在备考中要多关注各类文体的语篇，同时，也要多了解广州、深圳中考试题和其他省份的中考题型及变化趋势。
阅读理解A篇之应用文
【题型分析】
中考阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A, B, C, D四个选项中选出最佳答案或做出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。
【“四招”破题】
1.主旨题
解题技巧为：找主题句。应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
2. 细节题
解题技巧为：快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照。
3. 推断题
解题技巧为：寻找线索，悟出字里行间的意思。
4.猜测词义题
解题技巧为：通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义。
二、阅读理解A篇真题练习及答案解析
（2022·广东·中考真题）请阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI. All housework can be done while you are asleep. Now your kids can try these devices at the small home, show in our community science center from August 1st to August 14th. Here in the center we have many fun activities. Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs. It’s like a big toy. Your children will love it. Opening Hours: 1:00 p.m.- 9:00 p.m, from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday. Visitors: People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed. Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks. Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center. Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket. Kindly note that You CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail. And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed.
51. What can the smart devices in Paragraph 1 do
A. Farming. B. Business. C. Housework. D. Schoolwork.
52. What does Little Q look like
A. B.
C. D.
53. When can a visitor enter the science center
A. On Monday morning. B. On Sunday morning. C. On Monday afternoon. D. On Sunday afternoon.
54. Who can be allowed to visit the center
A. A man with a cat. B. An 8-year-old boy alone.
C. A man with his 3-year-old son. D. A girl with food from outside.
55. How can a visitor book a ticket
A. By making a phone call. B. By sending an e-mail.
C. By visiting the website. D. By going to the ticket office.
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. D 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，向我们介绍社区科学中心的活动。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All housework can be done while you are asleep.”可知，所有的家务都可以在你睡觉的时候做。故选C。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs.”可知，小Q是一个可爱的机器人，圆圆的脑袋，两只大眼睛和两条长腿。故选D。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Opening Hours: 1:00 p.m.- 9:00 p.m, from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday.”可知，开放时间是星期二至日下午1时至晚上9时，星期一休息。所以可以在周日下午去科学中心，故选D。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Visitors: People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed.”和“Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks.”可知，欢迎各个年龄层的人，12岁以下儿童应与父母一同前往，宠物禁止入内。所以一个男人和他三岁的儿子可以入内，故选C。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Please call 769520 to book a ticket.”可知，可以打电话769520订票。故选A。
三、阅读理解A篇练习
Exercise 1
You learn all kinds of things from books. Books open up a whole new world to you. They can make you smile and comfort you when you are sad. You enjoy reading. One day you happen to see a poster, “World Book Day”. Interested, you stop and read the poster.
Hello and Welcome to World Book Day Do you like reading If so, then World Book Day might be just for you. World Book Day was first organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1995 to encourage reading. It is now celebrated by book lovers every year on Apr. 23, which falls on the birthday of British poet William Shakespeare. World Book Day is here to change lives through a love of books, share reading, and bring books to the children who need them most. World Book Day is an excellent chance for everyone to celebrate the joy of reading. ·Share A Story Face to Face—our exciting plan, the writers will go into your school. ·Raising money, raising readers—our wonderful ideas to help us change lives through reading. ·World Book Day Book Club—a new online reading community. ·Share A Story Corner—stories to encourage families to read together. Happy World Book Day! For more information, visit our website worldbookday.com!
( ) 1．The first World Book Day was celebrated on ________.
A．Apr. 8, 2022 B．Apr. 23, 2022 C．Apr. 8, 1995 D．Apr. 23, 1995
( ) 2．World Book Day is a special day for people to________.
A．celebrate the joy of reading B．change lives by raising money
C．meet famous writers at home D．enjoy writing in local communities
( ) 3．According to the poster, if you want to read stories with your families, you can join ________.
A．Share A Story Face to Face B．Share A Story Comer
C．World Book Day Book Club D．Raising money, raising readers
( ) 4．For more information, you can________.
A．make a call B．write an e-mail C．visit the website D．write a letter
( ) 5．The designer uses bold (粗体的) words and pictures in the poster to ________.
A．catch readers’ attention B．encourage families to write books
C．help readers develop reading habits D．introduce different kinds of books
Exercise 2
Lisa’s Gym Keep fit! Lose weight! Play basketball, do yoga(瑜伽), dance and meet many new friends! Price: 40/hour Open time: Saturdays and Sundays Tel: 2133730 A Concert Do you like classical music Come to the concert on Friday evening. The concert will begin at 6:30 in the Children’s Palace. Ticket Price: Adults: 120 Children (under 15): 60
The Ugly Duck A wonderful play at People’s Cinema. Ticket price: 80 Time: 6:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m. Dates: July 24th to July 27th Summer Job Do you like to talk with people Do you like to work late Do you like to work for a restaurant Then come and work for us as a waiter. Please call Jenny at 8124697 for more information.
6. You can ___________ at Lisa’s Gym.
A. watch a movie B. play basketball
C. go to a concert D. find a job
7. Miss Green is going to dance at Lisa’s Gym and she can go there on ___________.
A. Wednesday B. Thursday C. Friday D. Saturday
8. Mr. and Mrs. White and their 14-year-old son have to pay ___________ for the concert.
A. 300 B. 180 C. 240 D. 120
9. Jack can watch a play at People’s Cinema ___________.
A. at 6: 00 a.m. on July 23rd B. at 4: 00 a.m. on July 24th
C. at 6: 00 p.m. on July 25th D. at 4: 00 p.m. on July 26th
10. Linda wants to find a job during her summer holiday. She can call ___________.
A. 8967234 B. 8567234 C. 8213373 D. 8124697
Exercise 3
【2019 广东省广州市】
话题： 评论贴 难度：★★★ 建议用时：6分
6www.youthnews https://www.youthnews/yourview
YOUTH NEWS News School Life Your View Sport
Should Museum Entry Be Free With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket Let us know your ments Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong Krista Chen(US)-Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith(New Zealand)-Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)-Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)-Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao(China)-Age 15
11. How many readers support the idea of free museums
A. 2. B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
12. Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money
A. Krista Chen. B. Fred Smith. C. Rob Sanchez. D. Li Mishao.
13. Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students
A. Students will then study harder.
B. Museums will attract more visitors
C. Museums can make themselves more famous
D. These students can better appreciate museums
14. Which of the following does Amber White agree with
A. Businesses should offer museums more help
B. People should only pay what they can afford
C. Free entry doesn’t encourage visitors to museums
D. Everybody should have a chance to visit museums
15. What can we know about the website
A. It’s quite a new website
B. It was started in Australia
C. It’s generally for young readers
D. It mainly discusses scientific topics
Exercise 4
Notice May Day is coming. Welcome to our community service center to have a colorful holiday.
Volunteers To protect ourselves from COVID-19, we’d better get vaccinated (接种疫苗). But some people in our community are afraid of it. Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help them reduce worries. Time: 10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m. Place: the first floor Invention Show Inventions are making our life easier and colorful. People in our community will show you their greatest inventions. Here you can see a lot of new inventions from people of different ages. Guides will stay with you from the beginning to the end. Time: 9:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m. Place: the second floor
Space Show Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are returning to the earth in April. Do you want to know about their life in space Come to the space show! You can also see a lot of model spacecrafts, Time: 8:00 a.m.—3:30 p.m. Place: the third floor Paintings & Calligraphy (书法) Great changes have taken place in China in the past 100 years. To express love for our country, 100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to describe the great changes. Time: 9:00 a.m.—5:30 p.m. Place: the fourth floor
( ) 16．What should you do if you are a volunteer in the community
A．Invent something new. B．Order people to get vaccinated.
C．Help people to reduce worries. D．Show the paintings from 100 students.
( ) 17．How long will the invention show last
A．5 hours. B．7 hours. C．7.5 hours. D．8.5 hours.
( ) 18．What can people do at the space show
A．Learn about the life in space. B．Watch a film about space.
C．Have a talk with the astronauts. D．Make model spacecrafts.
( ) 19．If you are free at 16:30 on May Day, what can you see
A．Model spacecrafts. B．Volunteer activities.
C．New inventions. D．Painting and calligraphy works.
( ) 20．Where is the text most probably from
A．A story book. B．A community notice. C．A travel guide. D．A science website.
Exercise 5
（2022·广东·珠海市文园中学一模）
Notice on the first Round of City-wide Nucleic Acid Testing（核酸检测）
In order to safeguard the lives and health of the people, Zhuhai has decided to launch the first round of city-wide nucleic acid testing that includes all the people in Zhuhai. The notice is as follows:
Testing time: 9:00-12:00 am, 13:30-21:00 pm, March 17 (Thursday), 18 (Friday)
Testing Places:1 Schools where the students study (for students and teachers) 2 Designated hospitals in different districts of Zhuhai (for adults outside schools)
Ways of making an appointment（预约）:1 No need for making an appointment, teachers will tell you the time for Nucleic Acid testing. (for students and teachers) 2 Make an appointment before you go for the nuclei acid test through the following link or QR code（二维码）before 12:00 on March 16. (for adults outside schools) Link: https:///f/Vx41M6 QR code:
Testing guides1 Bring your ID when going to the testing station and voluntarily show your “Yuekang Code” and “sample collection QR code” to the volunteers. 2 Wear a mask at all times and keep a distance of at least 1 meter away from others. 3 No talking or gathering. 4 Follow the instructions of the volunteers on site and never fight with others or your will get punishment from the government for your behavior. 5 Leave the testing station as soon as possible after finishing your testing.
Results QueryCheck the nucleic acid test report by yourself in “Yueshengshi” on the next day after the testing.
Zhuhai Command Center for COVID-19 Control and PreventionMarch 16, 2022
( ) 21．When can the adults in Zhuhai have their Nucleic Acid Testing
A．9:00 am on March 17 B．13:00 pm on March 18
C．12:30 pm on March 18 D．8:30 pm on March 18
( ) 22．Where can the students in Zhuhai have their Nucleic Acid Testing
A．At home. B．In the designated hospitals in different districts of Zhuhai.
C．At school which the students study in. D．At the testing station on the road.
( ) 23．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．Everyone should make an appointment for the nuclei acid test.
B．The adults outside school have two ways of making an appointment for the nucleic acid test.
C．People can talk with each other when they have their nucleic acid test.
D．The students needn’t show their “Yuekang Code”.
( ) 24．What can we infer from the passage
A．People can know the result of their nucleic acid tests as soon as they finish it.
B．You should show your “Yuekang Code” or “sample collection QR code” to the volunteers.
C．People may be punished because of their bad behaviors when they have their nucleic acid tests.
D．Families can stand together without any distance while they are waiting for their nuclei acid tests.
( ) 25．The notice is made by ______.
A．Designated Hospitals in Different Districts of Zhuhai.
B．The government office which is in control of “Yueshengshi”.
C．Zhuhai Command Center for COVID-19 Control and Prevention.
D．Teachers and volunteers who are responsible for the nuclei acid test.
答案与解析
Exercise 1
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，通过海报介绍“世界读书日”，以此吸引更多读书爱好者参与。
【答案速览】1-5 DABCA
1.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据“World Book Day was first organized...in 1995...on Apr. 23, which falls on the birthday of British poet William Shakespeare”可知，第一届“世界读书日”举办时间是1995年4月23日，故选D。
2.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据“World Book Day is an excellent chance for everyone to celebrate the joy of reading”可知，“世界读书日”是每个人庆祝阅读乐趣的绝佳机会。故选A。
3.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Share A Story Corner—stories to encourage families to read together”可知，家庭可以参加“故事分享角落”来一起读故事。故选B。
4.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“For more information, visit our website worldbookday.com!”可知，要获取更多信息，可以登录网站查询。故选C。
5.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据“One day you happen to see a poster, “World Book Day”. Interested, you stop and read the poster”以及常识，海报中使用粗体和图片会更显目，更能吸引读者的注意力。故选A。
Exercise 2
【文章大意】这篇短文是四篇广告，分别介绍了丽莎的体育馆，音乐会，电影以及一个招聘广告。
【答案速览】6-10 BDACD
6. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Lisa’s Gym Keep fit! Lose weight! Play basketball, do yoga(瑜伽), dance and meet many new friends!可知，在Lisa’s Gym可以打篮球。故选B。
7. D【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格左上 Lisa’s Gym 介绍中我们可以看到 Open time: Saturdays and Sundays. 故排除 A、B、C、故选D。
8. A【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格右上 A concert介绍中我们可以知道成人的价格是 120，Mr. and Mrs. White 两位成人的价格共计 240，their 14-year-old son，符合介绍中的儿童 价格是under 15，在15岁以下，所以是 60，三个人共计需付 300。故选 A。
9. C【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格左下 The Ugly Duck 介绍中我们可以看到演出的时间是 6:00 p.m. —8:00 p.m.下午的6点到8点，日期是：July 24th to July 27th，7月24日到7月27日之间；故首先排除A选项 23号，其次B选项的早上4点和D选项的下午4点具体时间都不在正确时间范围内，所以选C。
10. D【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格右下 Summer job 介绍中我们可以知道暑假的工作信息，其中 可知 Please call Jenny at 8124697 for more information. 故正确电话是 8124697， 故选D。
Exercise 3
【文章大意】这篇短文是某网站发起的一个评论贴，内容为＂你认为博物馆应该免费入场吗＂，下面有一些人对此发表了自己的看法。
【答案速览】11-20 BDDAC
11. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个评论中Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free.可知，Krista认为博物馆应该免费；再根据第三个评论中People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.可知，Rob也支持博物馆免费；再根据最后一个评论中I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.可知，李米韶也支持这个观点。因此一共有三个人，选B。
12. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段最后一句话I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.可知，李米韶觉得应该举行募捐活动帮助支付博物馆的一些费用。由此可知应选D。
13. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more可知，Fred认为博物馆应该让一般的参观者付费，但是提供免费的票给那些成绩好、并且能够欣赏博物馆的学生作为奖励。由此可知应选D。
14. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第五段中But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support.可知，Amber认为公司和商人应该给博物馆提供更多的资金和其他的支持。由此可知应选A。
15. C【解析】推理判断题。根据这个网站最上面的标题YOUTH可知，这个网站主要是针对年轻人的，故C选项正确，意为＂它主要是给年轻读者准备的＂。
Exercise 4
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，介绍社区服务中心招募志愿者、发明物展览、太空展以及绘画书法展等五一假期活动的时间和地点等信息。
【答案速览】16-20 CBADB
16.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help them reduce worries”可知，社区志愿者需要帮助社区居民减少忧虑，以便让他们接种新冠疫苗。故选C。
17.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Time: 9:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m.”可知，发明物展览持续7小时，故选B。
18.【答案】A
【解析】
细节理解题。根据“Do you want to know about their life in space Come to the space show!”可知，在太空展上可以了解宇航员们的太空生活。故选A。
19.【答案】D
【解析】
细节理解题。根据“Time: 9:00 a.m.—5:30 p.m.”可知，如果你五一当天下午4:30空闲，可以前往绘画书法展。故选D。
20.【答案】B
【解析】
文章出处题。根据“Welcome to our community service center to have a colorful holiday”可知，表格中的活动由社区服务中心举办，因此此篇文章最可能出自社区公告。故选B。
Exercise 5
【文章大意】本文是一则要求全员核酸检测的公告信息。
【答案速览】21-25 ACBCC
21.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Testing time: 9:00-12:00 am, 13:30-21:00 pm, March 17 (Thursday), 18 (Friday)”可知，检测时间是3月17，18日的上午9点到12点，下午1:30到晚上9点，四个选项中只有A符合，故选A。
22.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Schools where the students study (for students and teachers)”可知，在学生就读的学校进行检测，故选C。
23.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据“Make an appointment before you go for the nuclei acid test through the following link or QR code”可知，校外的人可以通过连接或二维码进行预约，B表述正确，故选B。
24.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Follow the instructions of the volunteers on site and never fight with others or your will get punishment from the government for your behavior.”可知，当人们进行核酸检测时，他们可能会因为不良行为而受到惩罚，故选C。
25.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据落款处“Zhuhai Command Center for COVID-19 Control and Prevention”可知，这个公告来自珠海市新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥中心，故选C。
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