2023届高三英语二轮复习七选五专题课件（说明文人与自然1之中阶）（51张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习七选五专题课件（说明文人与自然1之中阶）（51张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 45.9MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-05 17:39:13 | ||
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文档简介
(共51张PPT)
高中阅读系列
七选五争霸赛
主讲人
人与自然
培养学生理解文章结构，获取文章主旨和段落大意的能力；
培养学生理解段落和句子之间逻辑关系的能力，学会运用微技能并规范七选五的解题步骤；
学会使用“脱衣服”大法分析长难句并积累与人与自然类说明文相关的主题词汇。
导入
part1
What's wrong with the little boy？
What can you do to help him
If you fall into the river, what can you do to help yourself
破解
part2
解题锦囊
文章体裁
理清文章体裁
文章结构
掌握文章结构
设空位置
分析设空位置
逻辑关系
解析逻辑关系
说明文
议论文
记叙文
一般-特殊型
问题-解决型
匹配-比较型
段首-主旨句
-小标题
段中-细节支撑句
段末-总结句
-细节支撑句
转折 · 因果
例证 · 递进
解释 · 让步
顺承 · 并列
2018年陕西省高三省际名校联考
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
题目见讲义
选项速览
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay office that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
文章体裁
主题语境
题材
设空位置 段首题：____ 个；段中题：____ 个；段尾题：____个
文章摘要
解题步骤
Step1. 浏览全文，获取文章主要内容和结构
请通读原文，完成下方摘要
解题步骤
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
Step1. 浏览全文，获取文章主要内容和结构
一般
特殊
解题步骤
文章体裁
主题语境
题材
设空位置 段首题：____ 个；段中题：____ 个；段尾题：____个
文章摘要
Step1. 浏览全文，获取文章主要内容和结构
人与自然
In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around.
Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing.
You can live for several hours after passing out.
在结冰的湖面上跌倒遇到危险如何自救
3
0
2
说明文
解题步骤
Step 2. 分析选项
Key words
代词it
连词，代词，动词以及标志句式特征的词
关注不充当形式主语的代词 “it”
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
祈使句
句意转折
祈使句
祈使句
祈使句
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
解题步骤
Step 3. 观察设空位置
___1___
___2___
___3___
___4___
___5___
1. Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下
2. Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下
3. Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结
4. Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下
5.Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结
Mind Map
陕西
高三
联考
In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
Remember to get control of your breathing.
Focus on your breathing.
Make some planning.
1
2
3
4
General
一般
Special
特殊
___1___
It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake.
It takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move.
It will take one hour before you become unconscious.
Slow your breathing down, and then locate the thickest area of ice.
___3___
Stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick.
___2___
Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out？
The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so you can keep your head out of ice.
___4___
___5___
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
解释
Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下-过渡句
转折
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
However
转折
Thus
衔接不当
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（转折）；词汇衔接
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
stay off ice
无中生有
Place your arms over the surface
衔接不当
the “1-10-1 principle”.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下-过渡句
解释
It
It 指代
解锁微技能：逻辑关系，代词线索，词汇衔接
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
climb out of the water
remain still
颠倒是非
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结-细节支撑句/主题句
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（顺承）
长难句分析
参考译文
当你找到冰的位置，把手臂伸到冰面上然后开始上下打水直到你的身体与水面水平。
When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface．
2
3
1
1
and
and连接两个祈使句
then
4
stretch your arms
When you locate the ice
over the surface
until your body becomes horizontal with the surface
状语从句
状语
3
2
1
begin to flutter-kick
1
and then
4
状语从句
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
解释
解释
Remove any clothing
颠倒是非
your coat to freeze
Thus
衔接不当
Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下-过渡句
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（解释）
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结-细节支撑句/主题句
Remove any clothing
颠倒是非
Thus
因果关系
your coat to freeze
解释
因果
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（因果）
备选项中一般有 ______ 以上的干扰项，这两个干扰项在表面上往往与正确答案有一定的相关性（词汇复现）除此之外，正确选项之间也会形成较强的相互干扰 。当遇到以上情况，我们可以从以下两个角度去分析，提高做题效率：
Tips 1： ____________________________________
Tips 2 : ____________________________________
注意文章内容的逻辑关系
注意整个文章的篇章结构
两个
解题步骤
Step 5. 代入复核
平行性
延续性
交叉性
平行性
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
01
02
03
Para. 1
It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake.
However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think．
01
02
03
04
05
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
Para. 2
交叉性
As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once.
Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around.
It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold.
The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious．
01
02
03
04
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
Para. 3
Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing.
Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice.
When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface.
Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
延续性
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
Para. 4
延续性
It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out.
This, however, does require some planning.
You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work.
Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out
Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice.
Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
Step 5. 代入复核- 全篇逻辑
解题步骤
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. 1. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life. In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think．
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. 2.It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”. This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious．
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. 3. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out 4. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still. The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. 5. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
微技能总结
逻辑关系（顺承）
逻辑关系（解释）
逻辑关系（因果）
逻辑关系（转折）； 词汇复现
逻辑关系，代词线索，词汇衔接
干扰项汇总
句法错误
偏离主题句
无中生有
颠倒是非
衔接不当
指代不明
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
本关卡中，哪一种干扰出现次数最多？
_________!
我明白了！所以干扰项排除也要额外注意选项_____________________！
颠倒是非
答对了！拿起线索，继续前行吧！
是否与对应段落意义相反
词汇
part3
同义复现梳理
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. 1. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life. In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think．
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. 2.It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”. This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious．
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. 3. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out 4. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still. The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. 5. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
fall through ice on a frozen lake hit the freezing water
get control gain control
unconscious pass out
climb out get out
live survive
not to move around remain still
词汇对对碰
not excited, nervous or upset
frighten
a strong belief that influences your actions
to continue to live or exist
become ice
terrify
clam
survive
freeze
principle
词汇对对碰
to need sth.
to find the exact position of sb./sth.
to help sb. remember sth.
to put out an arm or a leg in order to reach sth.
remind
locate
stretch
require
词汇对对碰
that can be seen
the state of being aware of sth.
to save sb./sth. from a dangerous or harmful situation
consciousness
visible
rescue
学后反思
part4
Group Work
回顾今天所学的微技能，并谈谈常考的微技能有哪些？
片段写作
请参照今天所学的文章，写出“在地震中如何自救”的步骤。
Assessment
How well can you： Excellent Good Satisfactory Fair Improvement required
Understand how to analyze the structure of the text.
Know how to grasp the logical relationship between paragraphs, according to information of words and sentences of the discourse.
Use the micro-skills to solve five out of seven exercises.
Know how to analyze long and difficult sentences.
Know more topic vocabulary about Human and Natural.
高中阅读系列
七选五争霸赛
主讲人
人与自然
培养学生理解文章结构，获取文章主旨和段落大意的能力；
培养学生理解段落和句子之间逻辑关系的能力，学会运用微技能并规范七选五的解题步骤；
学会使用“脱衣服”大法分析长难句并积累与人与自然类说明文相关的主题词汇。
导入
part1
What's wrong with the little boy？
What can you do to help him
If you fall into the river, what can you do to help yourself
破解
part2
解题锦囊
文章体裁
理清文章体裁
文章结构
掌握文章结构
设空位置
分析设空位置
逻辑关系
解析逻辑关系
说明文
议论文
记叙文
一般-特殊型
问题-解决型
匹配-比较型
段首-主旨句
-小标题
段中-细节支撑句
段末-总结句
-细节支撑句
转折 · 因果
例证 · 递进
解释 · 让步
顺承 · 并列
2018年陕西省高三省际名校联考
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
题目见讲义
选项速览
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay office that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
文章体裁
主题语境
题材
设空位置 段首题：____ 个；段中题：____ 个；段尾题：____个
文章摘要
解题步骤
Step1. 浏览全文，获取文章主要内容和结构
请通读原文，完成下方摘要
解题步骤
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
Step1. 浏览全文，获取文章主要内容和结构
一般
特殊
解题步骤
文章体裁
主题语境
题材
设空位置 段首题：____ 个；段中题：____ 个；段尾题：____个
文章摘要
Step1. 浏览全文，获取文章主要内容和结构
人与自然
In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around.
Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing.
You can live for several hours after passing out.
在结冰的湖面上跌倒遇到危险如何自救
3
0
2
说明文
解题步骤
Step 2. 分析选项
Key words
代词it
连词，代词，动词以及标志句式特征的词
关注不充当形式主语的代词 “it”
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
祈使句
句意转折
祈使句
祈使句
祈使句
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
解题步骤
Step 3. 观察设空位置
___1___
___2___
___3___
___4___
___5___
1. Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下
2. Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下
3. Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结
4. Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下
5.Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结
Mind Map
陕西
高三
联考
In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
Remember to get control of your breathing.
Focus on your breathing.
Make some planning.
1
2
3
4
General
一般
Special
特殊
___1___
It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake.
It takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move.
It will take one hour before you become unconscious.
Slow your breathing down, and then locate the thickest area of ice.
___3___
Stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick.
___2___
Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out？
The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so you can keep your head out of ice.
___4___
___5___
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
解释
Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下-过渡句
转折
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
However
转折
Thus
衔接不当
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. ___1___ In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（转折）；词汇衔接
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
stay off ice
无中生有
Place your arms over the surface
衔接不当
the “1-10-1 principle”.
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. ___2___ This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下-过渡句
解释
It
It 指代
解锁微技能：逻辑关系，代词线索，词汇衔接
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
climb out of the water
remain still
颠倒是非
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. ___3___
Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结-细节支撑句/主题句
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（顺承）
长难句分析
参考译文
当你找到冰的位置，把手臂伸到冰面上然后开始上下打水直到你的身体与水面水平。
When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface．
2
3
1
1
and
and连接两个祈使句
then
4
stretch your arms
When you locate the ice
over the surface
until your body becomes horizontal with the surface
状语从句
状语
3
2
1
begin to flutter-kick
1
and then
4
状语从句
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
解释
解释
Remove any clothing
颠倒是非
your coat to freeze
Thus
衔接不当
Position：段中，整句 Function：承上启下-过渡句
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（解释）
解题步骤
Step 4. 关注信息段，备选项比对，选择答案
Step1 关注信息段
Step2 导图分析空前后句关系
Step3 锁定备选项
Step4 分析备选，排除干扰
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out ___4___ The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. ___5___
A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.
D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that’s only 3 inches.
G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
Position：段尾，整句 Function：承上启下，重申主题，归纳总结-细节支撑句/主题句
Remove any clothing
颠倒是非
Thus
因果关系
your coat to freeze
解释
因果
解锁微技能：逻辑关系（因果）
备选项中一般有 ______ 以上的干扰项，这两个干扰项在表面上往往与正确答案有一定的相关性（词汇复现）除此之外，正确选项之间也会形成较强的相互干扰 。当遇到以上情况，我们可以从以下两个角度去分析，提高做题效率：
Tips 1： ____________________________________
Tips 2 : ____________________________________
注意文章内容的逻辑关系
注意整个文章的篇章结构
两个
解题步骤
Step 5. 代入复核
平行性
延续性
交叉性
平行性
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
01
02
03
Para. 1
It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake.
However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.
In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think．
01
02
03
04
05
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
Para. 2
交叉性
As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once.
Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around.
It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.
This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold.
The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious．
01
02
03
04
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
Para. 3
Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing.
Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice.
When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface.
Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
延续性
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
Step 5. 代入复核- 单段逻辑
解题步骤
Para. 4
延续性
It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out.
This, however, does require some planning.
You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work.
Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out
Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.
The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice.
Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
Step 5. 代入复核- 全篇逻辑
解题步骤
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. 1. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life. In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think．
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. 2.It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”. This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious．
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. 3. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out 4. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still. The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. 5. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
微技能总结
逻辑关系（顺承）
逻辑关系（解释）
逻辑关系（因果）
逻辑关系（转折）； 词汇复现
逻辑关系，代词线索，词汇衔接
干扰项汇总
句法错误
偏离主题句
无中生有
颠倒是非
衔接不当
指代不明
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
本关卡中，哪一种干扰出现次数最多？
_________!
我明白了！所以干扰项排除也要额外注意选项_____________________！
颠倒是非
答对了！拿起线索，继续前行吧！
是否与对应段落意义相反
词汇
part3
同义复现梳理
① It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. 1. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life. In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think．
② As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. 2.It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”. This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious．
③ Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick （上下打水） until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. 3. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
④ It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weak to go on and you cannot get out 4. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still. The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. 5. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
fall through ice on a frozen lake hit the freezing water
get control gain control
unconscious pass out
climb out get out
live survive
not to move around remain still
词汇对对碰
not excited, nervous or upset
frighten
a strong belief that influences your actions
to continue to live or exist
become ice
terrify
clam
survive
freeze
principle
词汇对对碰
to need sth.
to find the exact position of sb./sth.
to help sb. remember sth.
to put out an arm or a leg in order to reach sth.
remind
locate
stretch
require
词汇对对碰
that can be seen
the state of being aware of sth.
to save sb./sth. from a dangerous or harmful situation
consciousness
visible
rescue
学后反思
part4
Group Work
回顾今天所学的微技能，并谈谈常考的微技能有哪些？
片段写作
请参照今天所学的文章，写出“在地震中如何自救”的步骤。
Assessment
How well can you： Excellent Good Satisfactory Fair Improvement required
Understand how to analyze the structure of the text.
Know how to grasp the logical relationship between paragraphs, according to information of words and sentences of the discourse.
Use the micro-skills to solve five out of seven exercises.
Know how to analyze long and difficult sentences.
Know more topic vocabulary about Human and Natural.