2014年中考语法复习之非谓语动词

课件48张PPT。第31课　非谓语动词感悟中考领悟语法考向聚焦非谓语动词感悟中考【真题体验】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
( )1. Our teacher often asks us _____ questions
in groups. (2013北京)
A. discuss B. to discuss
C. discussing D. discussed首
页B感悟中考( )2. When the child saw his uncle, he ran up
______ hello to him. (2013重庆)
A. say B. said
C. says D. to sayD首
页感悟中考( )3. —I don't know ______ next.
—You'd better finish your homework first.
(2013青海)
A. what to do B. how to do
C. when to doA首
页感悟中考( )4. How kind you are! You always do what you
can ______ others. (2013十堰)
A. help B. helping
C. helps D. to helpD首
页感悟中考( )5. —Do you like Zhou Libo's talk show?
—Yes. His talk show is very funny. It
always makes people ______．(2013淄博)
A. laugh B. laughed
C. laughing D. to laughA首
页【考点解读】
中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1. 动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2. 动名词和动词不定式作表语、宾语；
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4. 动词不定式作目的状语；
5. 固定短语搭配。感悟中考首
页 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，有时可以
不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，
在句子中不能作谓语。
动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和
状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句
子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。感悟中考首
页考向聚焦热点考向一　动词不定式作主语1.作主语的动词不定式常用it替代，动词不定式(或短语)
放在后面。
It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋(not) to do
(不)做某事怎么样。
在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容
词后，用of。如：首
页考向聚焦It's easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.
在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。
It is dangerous for children to swim alone.
对孩子来说，独自游泳是危险的。
It is kind of you to help me mend the computer.
帮我修电脑，你真好！首
页考向聚焦【例1】 It's dangerous ______ a close look at the
tiger in the zoo. (2013宿迁)
A. for us taking B. of us to take
C. of us taking D. for us to take
解析：It’s ＋形容词 ＋for sb. to do sth. 对某人
来说，做某事怎么样。D首
页考向聚焦【例2】 It takes me half an hour ______ the piano
every day. (2013黑河)
A. play B. playing
C. to play
解析：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某
人一些时间做某事。C首
页考向聚焦热点考向二　动词不定式作宾语、 表语和宾语补足语1. 作宾语
动词＋to＋动词原形。
常见的这类动词有：would like, want, love, need,
try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember,
agree, fail, allow, decide, afford, wish, hope,
plan, hate, choose, expect等。如：首
页考向聚焦Indians like to eat hot food.
印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。
有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时，前面往往带有
形式宾语it。如：
Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait？
你认为学会等待对我们来说有必要吗？ 首
页考向聚焦 注：一些不带to的动词不定式有：why not do...,
had better (not) do..., would rather do, could
/would/will you please (not) do...等。如：
You'd better finish the work before Monday.
你好星期一前完成工作。
2. 作表语
如：It seems to be an interesting book.
它看起来是本有趣的书。首
页考向聚焦3. 作宾语补足语
不定式作宾补与宾语逻辑上有主谓关系。
常跟动词不定式作宾补的谓语动词有：tell, ask,
want, allow, get, would like, encourage等。
如：He told me not to bring you anything.
他叫我不要给你带任何东西。
Who taught you to play the music？
谁教你弹这支曲子的？ 首
页考向聚焦注：还有一些使役动词和感官动词后也接不定式作宾补，
但不定式要省略to。
这些动词有：hear, let, make, have, see, watch,
notice等。
但这些动词变为被动语态时，须加上to。如：
I saw the man go into the shop.
我看见这个男人进入这家店。
The man was seen to go into the shop.
这男人被看见进入这家店。首
页考向聚焦【例3】 Even Tony's granddaughter，a five-year-
old girl，asked him ______ smoking. (2013上海)
A. give up B. gave up
C. to give up D. giving up
解析：ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事。句意：
甚至Tony的孙女，一个5岁的女孩，也要求他戒烟。C首
页考向聚焦【例4】 He lost his key. It made him ______ in
the cold to wait for his wife's return.
(2013重庆)
A. to stay B. stayed
C. stays D. stay
解析：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。D首
页考向聚焦【例5】　—Why are you so excited today?
—We were told ______ a picnic this weekend.
(2013南京)
A. have B. to have
C. having D. had
解析：tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事。B首
页考向聚焦热点考向三　动词不定式作定语和状语1. 作定语
动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词
后面。
如：In my dreams I always have very difficult
jobs to do. 在梦里我总是做一些艰苦的工作。 首
页考向聚焦2. 作状语
(1)表示目的。
如：In his third year，he left Harvard to
work for a company called Microsoft.
在大三时，他为了去微软公司工作而离开了哈佛
大学。 首
页考向聚焦(2)表示结果。
动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词too或enough
连用。
如：It's too heavy to carry.
太重了，搬不动。 首
页考向聚焦3. 和某些形容词连用
和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有sure, ready, happy,
sorry, afraid等。
如：I'm sorry to trouble you.
很抱歉打扰你了。
4. 和疑问词who, what, when, where, which, how构成不
定式短语作宾语。
如：I don’t know how to use a computer.
我不知道怎样使用计算机。首
页考向聚焦【例6】 —Why is Linlin practicing speaking English?
—______ abroad for further study. (2013泰安)
A. Go B. Gone
C. To go D. Goes
解析：句意：“为什么玲玲正在练习说英语？为了出国进
一步学习。”动词不定式表目的。C首
页考向聚焦【例7】　Sorry, I haven't _____ money _____ buy
the new iPad. (2013青海)
A. such, that B. too, to
C. enough, to
解析：such＋名词短语＋that从句；too＋形容词＋
to do; enough ＋名词＋to do。C首
页考向聚焦热点考向四　动名词作主语和宾语1.作主语。谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Eating too much is bad for your health.
吃太多对你的健康有害处。
2.作宾语。
如：More and more people like shopping on the
Internet.
越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。首
页考向聚焦注：初中阶段常跟动名词的动词：like 喜欢；enjoy
喜欢；finish 完成；keep 保持；mind 介意；spend
花费；practice 练习；stop 停止；suggest 建议；
consider考虑；be worth值得等。首
页考向聚焦【例8】　—Nick, would you mind ______ out of the
bathroom?
—Sorry. I won't be long. (2013福州)
A. come B. to come
C. coming
解析：mind doing 介意做（某事）C首
页考向聚焦【例9】　—Who's the boy in white T-shirt ______
under the tree?
—My friend. (2013安顺)
A. stand B. to stand
C. stood D. standing
解析：句意:那个穿着白色T恤衫站在树下的男孩是谁？
doing 表伴随状态。D首
页领悟语法Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. —Don’t forget _____ the classroom tomorrow
afternoon.
—Thanks. I won't. (2013达州)
A. to keep clean B. cleaning
C. sweeping D. to clean up
解析：句意:明天下午不要忘了打扫教室。A不符合题意,
B、C项表示已做过，也不符合题意。故选D。D首
页( )2. —Did it take you a lot of time _____ Eng-
lish last weekend?
—No. I went to the countryside to see my
grandfather. (2013达州)
A. practicing speaking
B. practicing spoken
C. to practice speaking
D. practice spoken
解析：it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.花费
某人一些时间做某事；practice doing固定搭配，练习
做某事。故选C。C首
页( )3. Vocabulary is important to language learning.
Therefore, you’d better try different ways
you can think of ______ words and expressions.
(2013哈尔滨)
A. remember B. to remember
C. remembering
解析：to do sth.动词不定式表目的。句意：你最好尝试
你所想到的不同的方法来记住单词和语句。故选B。B首
页( )4. At times, parents find it difficult _____
with their teenage children. (2013淮安)
A. talk B. talked
C. talking D. to talk
解析：find it ＋形容词＋to do sth. 发现做某事怎
么样。故选D。D首
页( )5. —Clark, your room is really in a mess.
It needs ________.
—Sorry, mum. I'll do it at once.
(2013连云港)
A. clean B. cleaned
C. to clean D. to be cleaned
解析：need do be done某物需要被……。故选D。D首
页( )6. —How does Jack usually go to work?
—He _____ drive a car, but now he _____
there to lose weight. (2013随州)
A. used to, is used to walk
B. was used to, is used to walking
C. was used to, is used to walk
D. used to, is used to walking
解析:used to do 过去常常做……;be used to doing
习惯于做……。故选D。D首
页( )7. —What did your teacher say this morning?
—She told us ______ make faces in class.
(2013随州)
A. to not B. not to
C. do not D. didn't
解析：tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某
事。故选 B。B首
页( )8. —I will go to Harbin for my summer vacat-
ion. What about you?
—I haven’t decided where ______．(2013济宁)
A. go B. went
C. going D. to go
解析：考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。句意：“我将去哈尔
滨过暑假,你呢？我还没有决定去哪里。” decide后可接
宾语从句，也可接“疑问词＋不定式”结构。故选D。D首
页( )9. —What brought joy to Linda just now?
—______． (2013淮安)
A. Received a gift
B. She received a gift
C. Receiving a gift
D. Because she received a gift
解析：询问“what某物或某事”，排除B和D；动名词
形式可作主语或宾语。故选C。C首
页( )10. —Could you tell me ______？
—To get ready for the High School Entrance
Exam. (2013宜昌)
A. what he is busy
B. why he stays up
C. if he is worried
D. where he can pass the exam
解析：由答句“to get ready for... 为了高中入学考
试”可知“why he stays up”符合题意。故选B。B首
页Ⅱ. 根据首字母或所给词提示填写单词
1. It's polite to k_______ on the door before
entering a room. (2013安徽)
2. Don't disturb him. He is busy w___________
an important report. (2013黄冈)
3. Mr. Black has been in China for three years
and now he is used to ________(eat) Chinese
food. (2013南京)
4. Susan likes _____________ (swim) while Kate
likes dancing. (2013徐州)nockritingeatingswimming首
页5. Mo Yan is the first man _______(win) the Nobel
Price for literature of the Chinese.(2013滨州)
6. My teacher did what he could _________ (make)
his class lively. (2013烟台)
7. Be careful _____________ (not fall) off the
ladder. (2013兰州)
8. It is difficult _________(walk) there.
(2013罗田)
9. Stop _________(have) a rest. You are tired.
(2013罗田)to winto makenot to fallto walkto have首
页10. Mom felt tired after she cooked for the whole
family.(改为简单句)
Mom felt tired after __________ for the whole
family. (2013兰州)cooking首
页Ⅲ. 根据中文意思填写单词
I have a friend 1. ______ (叫) Marsha, and she
used to smoke cigarettes.
She began smoking at the age of 13. She mixed
with the wrong group and she thought they were cool
because they smoked, and in order to 2. ______(是) cool and be friends with them, she had to smoke,
too.calledbe首
页 Soon after, she moved near me in Chicago. We
became friends. One day on our way home, she started
3. ______(吸烟). I asked her why and she told me how
she first started. I told her she should bring her
grades up, not just to be cool but to 4. ______(使)
her parents happier, to make herself cleverer, to
make herself 5. _____(觉得) better, and most of all,
she could get a good education.smokingmakefeel首
页 I decided to 6. ____(呆) with her every second,
7. _______(扔) away her cigarettes whenever she went
for one. Soon she stopped 8. ________(吸烟)．
One day I happened to 9. ____(看见) her smoking
again. I told her she needed to 10. _______(选择) me
or cigarettes. We didn't talk for two days. Then she
finally called and said she’d never smoke again.
Now, it's already been a few months, and she is
doing better and doesn't smoke.staythrowingsmokingseechoose首
页完成考点跟踪训练 31