中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题08 短文填空
2022广东省初中学业水平考试英语试题分析
试题整体变化分析
第五题 短文填空
题号 2022年 2021年
考点 难度 考点 难度
66 名词yes(考查“Would you like... ”用yes或no回答) 易 人称代词宾格him 易
67 宾语从句引导词以及感叹句引导词how 中 介词for(for+一段时间,与现在完成时连用) 中
68 形容词good(固定搭配:be good for) 易 动词call(call sb sth) 中
69 介词in(in+大地点) 中 动词worked(并列连词and连接的并列句时态要一致) 中
70 副词ago(时间段+ago) 易 连词until(固定结构:not...until...) 中
71 名词water(生活常识) 易 动词written(现在完成时中的过去分词) 难
72 动词become(与现在完成时结合,填动词过去分词形式) 难 形容词proud(固定搭配:be proud of为……感到自豪) 中
73 动词drink(固定搭配:drink tea喝茶,原词复现) 中 名词(复数)letters(根据下一句的原词复现) 易
74 形容词比较级more(important的比较级在前面加more) 中 并列连词and(考查逻辑关系) 易
75 代词it 中 宾语从句引导词what(what is...like 句型) 中
素材 说明文:介绍茶文化(从中国走向世界)主题:人与社会 记叙文:一个热爱中国文化的外国人通过写书让更多西方人了解中国
词数 180词 184词
语法填空难度中等,文章中没有出现非课标单词。题目考查了较多固定搭配和常见句型,如68题考查短语“be good for(对……有好处)”,第70题考查“时间段+ago”表示多长时间以前。
此外,题目在考查固定搭配、常用句型之余,也考查了常见语法点:名词(2个),介词(1个),动词(2个),代词(1个),形容词(2个),副词(1个),宾语从句和感叹句引导词(1个)。与2021年相比,题目涉及的语法类别基本相同,但考查的形式更多样化,如第66题不仅考查上下文理解,还考查对句型“Would you like... ”的回答;第67题既考查了宾语从句的引导词,又考查了感叹句。其中,第72题延续了去年的考查形式,考查现在完成时结构中的动词过去分词形式,本题难度较大,考生既要根据上下文判断词义,还要判断句子的时态,并要掌握对应时态的基本结构,才能写出正确的答案。2022年没有考查连词和定语从句,但考查了简单句中的感叹句。
短文填空这两年的答案均没有长难单词,都是比较简单的高频词汇。而且,通过统计可知,答案以七八年级词汇和句型为主。题目更多考查立足篇章,通过固定搭配和语法规则解题。
2022年的短文填空和语法选择对三大类从句的考查只考了一次状语从句(语法选择第32题考查时间状语从句),一次宾语从句(短文填空第67题),定从没有考查,但在篇章中多次出现三大类从句,故今年中考仍然侧重考查考生对三大类从句的理解。
【题型分析】
1. 文体/形式/人称:文体全为记叙文。
2. 选材:故事均有教育引导意义, 且贴近学生日常学习与生活。
3. 字数/段落/生词数:字数:180~238; 段落:2~5;生词数:0~3。
4. 考查词特点:
(1)近年短文填空所有考过的词都是人教版教材和外研版教材共有的词汇;
(2) 所考查的实词不在试题其他题目出现, 避免相互提示。
5. 必考点:动词每年必考1~3道, 多于1道时, 所填形式不能一样;代词每年必考1~2道, 以1道为主, 考查2道时, 角度不重复, 除his, 近8年没有重复过;介词:每年必考1道, 除from, 其余介词没有重复过, 主要在固定搭配中考查;高频考点名词:除18年外, 每年必考1~3道;副词8年9考, 每年0~2道, 都是特殊副词, 且考过的词没有重过;冠词:除2020年未考外, 其余每年必考1道, 形容词8年6考;连词8年7考, 从属连词与并列连词均有涉及, 若考2道, 不能是同一类;新增考点:宾语从句、定语从句引导词和主谓一致(考点不与试题语法选择以及完形所涉及的词汇重复)。
6. 每篇涉及固定搭配1~5道, 有多个答案可涉及0~3道, 以0~1道为主。
7. 所填词可为名词复数, 动词过去式及现在分词、过去分词。
注意:因为是盲填, 设空一定是学生能做出答案, 且答案尽量是唯一的, 所考词必须是重点词。
【“三招”破题】
(一)跳过空格, 通读短文, 了解大意
先快速通读全文, 尽量理解文章的主要内容, 再仔细揣摩需要填词的句子。只有完全理解全句的意思, 才能准确填写单词。
(二)复读短文, 确定语义, 判断词形
1. 利用上下文的语境, 结合所学过的知识, 先确定空格处所需填词语的意义。
2. 根据空格在句子中的位置, 判断其在句中充当的成分, 从而确定所填词的词性, 再依据词语搭配和语法规则, 判断所填的词的正确形式, 如名词单复数、形容词或副词的级别、动词时态和语态及语气等, 要特别注意时态的呼应及主谓一致。
3. 把握词义,注意词形变化(如:名词单复数、动词的时态(第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词)、形容词的比较级和最高级等)
(三)通读短文, 检查答案
注意语篇的连贯性以及上下文的一致性,综合核查,检查答案。
二、短文填空真题练习及答案解析
(2022·广东·中考真题)请阅读下面短文,在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea If the answer is ____66____, you may have the same habit as many people.
You may not know ____67____ popular tea is. Among all kinds of drinks, tea is one of the two choices. People like it because it is ____68____ for their health.
Tea is mostly produced ____69____ Asian countries like China and India. Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years ____70____. At that time, people made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot ____71____.
Tea wasn’t introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has ____72____ popular in Europe and America. People there like to ____73____ tea with sugar or milk in it. As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting ____74____ important than before.
The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020. Since then, people have celebrated ____75____ every year. The Day makes people realize the importance of tea workers and....
【答案】66. yes 67. how 68. good 69. in 70. ago
71. water 72. become 73. drink 74. more 75. it
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍茶文化的发展和变化。
【66题详解】
句意:如果答案是肯定的,你可能和很多人有相同的习惯。根据“Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea ”和“you may have the same habit as many people”可知,肯定回答用yes,表示有饮茶习惯,故填yes。
【67题详解】
句意:你可能不知道茶有多受欢迎。此处强调的中心词是形容词“popular”,用how,故填how。
【68题详解】
句意:人们喜欢它,因为它对他们的健康有益。根据“People like it because it is...for their health.”可知,喝茶对健康有益,be good for“对……有好处”,故填good。
【69题详解】
句意:茶叶主要产自中国和印度等亚洲国家。根据“Tea is mostly produced...Asian countries like China and India.”可知,用在国家前,用介词in,故填in。
【70题详解】
句意:中国人早在5000年前就开始喝茶了。根据“Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years...”和常识可知,中国人早在5000年前就开始喝茶了,ago“之前”符合语境,故填ago。
【71题详解】
句意:那时候,人们泡茶的方法很简单,就是把新鲜的茶叶放进热水里。根据“people made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot...”可知,用热水泡茶,water“水”符合语境,故填water。
【72题详解】
句意:现在它已经在欧洲和美国流行了。根据“And now it has...popular in Europe and America.”可知,茶现在在欧洲和美国流行了,become“变得”符合语境,用于现在完成时结构中,故填become。
【73题详解】
句意:那里的人喜欢喝茶加糖或牛奶。根据“People there like to...tea with sugar or milk in it.”可知,喜欢喝茶的时候加糖或牛奶,drink“喝”,like to do sth“喜欢做某事”,故填drink。
【74题详解】
句意:随着饮茶人群的增加,茶叶生意变得比以前更加重要。根据“than before”可知,此处使用比较级,more important“更重要的”,故填more。
【75题详解】
句意:从那时起,人们每年都庆祝这一天。此处指“International Tea Day”,用it代替,在句中作宾语,故填it。
三、短文填空练习
Exercise 1
(2022·广东汕头·一模)
William Shakespeare was born in 1564, in Stratford. His 1 is most commonly celebrated on April 23. He 2 at the King Edward VI Grammar School in Stratford. At eighteen, he married Anne Hathaway, a woman seven or eight years older than him. Together they raised two daughters and two sons, 3 his sons died later when they were young.
Little is known about Shakespeare’s activities 4 1585 and 1592. In 1594, Shakespeare joined the Lord Chamberlain’s company as 5 actor. In 1599 Shakespeare joined a new playhouse: the Globe, which became the most well-known theater of its time.
Shakespeare is always remembered as the greatest writer. Shakespeare wrote 6 than thirty plays. 7 are usually divided into four types: histories, comedies, tragedies, and romances. Among all of his works, Romeo and Juliet must be the most famous one. His works have been 8 into 50 languages and read by readers all over the world. Besides his contribution (贡献) to art, he also had a great influence on the development of English language 9 he invented thousands of words we use today.
Sometime after 1612, Shakespeare retired (退休) from the stage and 10 back to his home in Stratford. He died on April 23, 1616, and was buried two days later at Stratford Church.
Exercise 2
(2022·广东汕头·一模)
Eileen Gu, also known by her Chinese name Gu Ailing, became the youngest Olympic champion (冠军) to win gold in freestyle skiing at age 18 at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
When reporters asked about 1 secret to success, Gu replied, “I do sport 2 I love doing it. But I have a secret weapon (武器). I have 3 10 hours every night since childhood.”
“Sleep helps with body and brain growth, and it is also a time of revision (复习),” Gu explained. “So I not only grow up while sleeping, but can also review 4 I learned that day in my dreams, so I can wake up the next morning and discover how to do 5 in my class or skiing than before.”
Gu’s mother confirmed (确认), “When she was 6 little girl, I would let her sleep up to 15 hours a day. Then when she was old enough to go to 7 , it was 13 hours. Now she 8 10 hours sleeping every day. 9 enough sleep, how can one have the energy to play ” Red Star News reported.
“I remember Eileen’s primary school teacher once told me two things. One is not to restrict (限制) their creativity. The 10 is to praise their hard work while avoiding praising their smartness. I just follow these two rules,” Gu’s mother said.
Exercise 3
(2022·广东韶关·一模)
Feb. 24th was a meaningful day. 18-year-old Su Yiming received 1 very special letter from President Xi Jinping. He couldn’t believe it at first. 2 excited he was!
In the letter, President Xi congratulated Su and other 3 on their wonderful achievements at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
Su still remembered Xi’s visit to the National Winter Sports Training Center in Beijing 4 2019. Xi hoped that young Chinese people 5 always keep the motherland in their hearts and stay grounded (脚踏实地的). Su Yiming was 6 by Xi’s encouragement. He decided to believe in 7 . He knew he must give his all to realize his dream.
8 Su Yiming won the gold medal, he couldn’t help writing a letter to President Xi. He really wanted to thank President Xi Jinping from the bottom of his heart. In his letter to Xi, Su said he would work even 9 and serve the nation better in the future.
Let’s learn from Su Yiming 10 is the Olympic snowboarding (单板滑雪) gold medalist (奖牌得主).
Exercise 4
(2022·广东河源·一模)
When looking at a pair of used chopsticks, most people would see nothing but waste. But Felix Bock would see boxes, tables, shelves and so on.
In 2016, Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the University of British Columbia, Canada, found out people 1 away about 100, 000 pairs of chopsticks every day in Vancouver alone. He felt he needed to do 2 . So he started the company ChopValue in the same year. The company collected used chopsticks 3 restaurants, schools and shopping centers in Canada and the US, and turned them into furniture and other artworks. Now in its fifth year, with the 4 growth of the company, Bock employs (雇佣) 40 people. By using his special methods of steam and press machines, he has 5 32 million pairs of chopsticks.
Bock takes 6 in his work. And he hopes the idea behind ChopValue will help people rethink 7 they see as waste. “I believe every small action can help,” he said. “And I am happy that my business provides a 8 way for people.” Hundreds of restaurants across North America pay a small sum of money to Bock for the recycling of their 9 chopsticks. Bock doesn’t stop there. Now he is busy taking his business to more countries and has set up 10 for recycling local wood like chopsticks in 10 countries.
Exercise 5
Orion Jean, a little boy, has a big goal—spread kindness. It started in 2020. Jean got $500 after winning the U.S. National Kindness Speech Contest. He liked to spend the money 1 his toys Legos, but he quickly realized that was not 2 to just give a speech to spread kindness. He planned to do what he said. So the boy 3 up the “Race to Kindness” project.
Jean started off by helping 4 in hospital. He wanted to put a smile on their faces. Jean used his money to buy as many toys as he could. He also called on more people to do 5 same thing. In only a month, he had collected 619 toys. The toys were 6 to the hospital. “I was really busy and tired these days, 7 it is one of the best experiences of my life,” he said.
As a book lover, Jean knows 8 reading can change a person’s life. Last May, after he 9 the fact that two out of three children from local families had no books of 10 own, the boy decided to collect 500,000 books.
Will he take a break after this “Who knows Maybe something even nicer will come,” Jean says. “Maybe we’ll do a ‘race’ to a million.”
【答案解析】
Exercise 1
【答案】
1.birthday
2.studied
3.but
4.between
5.an
6.more
7.They
8.translated
9.because
10.went
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了莎士比亚的生平、作品和成就。
1.句意:他的生日通常在4月23日被庆祝。
考查名词。根据“William Shakespeare was born in 1564, in Stratford.”可知,上文讲述莎士比亚的出生年份,本句表达的应是他的出生的具体日期,也就是他的生日。故填birthday。
2.句意:他曾就读于位于斯特拉特福德的爱德华六世国王文法学校。
考查动词。根据“King Edward VI Grammar School”可知,这是一个学校,他应是在这里学习。本句的时态是一般过去时,动词需用过去式;study“学习”,其过去式是studied。故填studied。
3.句意:他们一起抚养了两个女儿和两个儿子,但是后来他的两个儿子在很小的时候都夭折了。
考查连词。根据“Together they raised two daughters and two sons, …his sons died later when they were young.”可知,他们有两个女儿和两个儿子,两个儿子都夭折了,前后两句是转折的关系。故填but。
4.句意:人们对莎士比亚在1585年至1592年间的活动知之甚少。
考查介词。根据“Little is known about Shakespeare’s activities…1585 and 1592.”可知,本句考查短语between…and“在……和……之间”。故填between。
5.句意:1594年,莎士比亚以演员的身份加入了宫内大臣剧团。
考查冠词。根据“Shakespeare joined the Lord Chamberlain’s company as…actor.”可知,作为一名演员加入Lord Chamberlain的剧团,此处需用不定冠词,表示泛指。“actor”的首字母发音是元音,需用不定冠词an。故填an。
6.句意:莎士比亚写了三十多部戏剧。
考查副词。根据“Shakespeare wrote…than thirty plays.”可知,写了三十多部戏剧,more than“多于、超过”。故填more。
7.句意:它们通常分为四种类型:历史、喜剧、悲剧和浪漫。
考查代词。根据“histories, comedies, tragedies, and romances.”可知,这些都是莎士比亚的作品,它们被分成了四类,横线处的单词在句中作主语,应用人称代词they“它们”,指代上文中的“三十多部戏剧”。故填They。
8.句意:他的作品已被翻译成50种语言,被世界各地的读者阅读。
考查动词。根据“50 languages”可知,应是作品翻译成50种语言。translate“翻译”,根据“have been”可知,本句是现在完成时的被动语态,横线处需用动词的过去分词。故填translated。
9.句意:除了他在艺术方面的贡献,他也对英语语言的发展有很大的影响,因为他发明了我们今天使用的成千上万的词汇。
考查连词。根据“he also had a great influence on the development of English language…he invented thousands of words we use today.”可知,他对英语语言的发展有很大的影响,他发明了成千上万的单词,前后句是因果关系,需用连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
10.句意:1612年之后的某个时候,莎士比亚从舞台上退休,回到了位于斯特拉特福德的家中。
考查动词。根据“Shakespeare retired (退休) from the stage and…back to his home in Stratford”可知,莎士比亚从舞台退休然后回家了。go back to his home“回家”,根据“retired”可知,本句的时态是一般过去时,动词需用过去式。故填went。
Exercise 2
【答案】
1.her
2.because
3.slept
4.what
5.better
6.a
7.school
8.spends
9.Without
10.other
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲谷爱凌成功的秘诀是睡觉。
1.句意:当记者问及她成功的秘诀时。
考查代词。根据“Gu replied”可知是问谷爱凌成功的秘诀,secret前用形容词性物主代词her表示“她的”。故填her。
2.句意:我做运动是因为我喜欢做。
考查连词。“我做运动”的原因是“我喜欢做运动”。because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
3.句意:我从小就每晚睡10个小时。
考查动词。根据“Sleep helps with body and brain growth”可知每晚睡10小时,sleep“睡觉”,根据“since”可知用现在完成时,have后用过去分词slept。故填slept。
4.句意:所以我不仅在睡觉的时候长大,而且还可以在梦中回顾我那天学到的东西,所以我可以在第二天早上醒来,发现如何在我的课上或滑雪上做得比以前更好。
考查宾语从句的引导词。learned后缺少宾语表示学习的内容,用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
5.句意:所以我不仅在睡觉的时候长大,而且还可以在梦中回顾我那天学到的东西,所以我可以在第二天早上醒来,发现如何在我的课上或滑雪上做得比以前更好。
考查副词。根据“discover how to do ... in my class or skiing than before”可推出是发现如何在课业或滑雪方面做得更好,than前用better表示“更好”。故填better。
6.句意:当她还是个小女孩的时候,我让她每天睡15个小时。
考查冠词。此处泛指“一个小女孩”,little以辅音音素开头,其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.句意:当她长大到可以上学的时候,需要睡13个小时。根据“Then when she was old enough to go to ...”可推出小女孩长大后要上学,school“学校”,go to school“去上学”。故填school。
8.句意:现在她每天花10个小时睡觉。
考查动词。根据“... 10 hours sleeping”可知用spend time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”,结合“Now”及“every day”可知用一般现在时,主语she后用动词第三人称单数形式spends。故填spends。
9.句意:没有足够的睡眠,怎么能有精力玩呢?
考查介词。根据“how can one have the energy to play”可推出是反问没有足够睡眠如何有精力玩,without“没有”,句子开头首字母大写。故填Without。
10.句意:另一件事是赞扬他们的努力,但避免赞扬他们的聪明。
考查代词。根据“two things”及“One is ...”可知此处表示两者中的另一个,用the other。故填other。
Exercise 3
【答案】
1.a
2.How
3.players / athletes
4.in
5.should
6.moved
7.himself
8.After
9.harder
10.who / that
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了冬奥会单板滑雪奖牌得主苏翊鸣收到了来自习近平主席的一封信,信中的内容让他想起了习主席在2019年走访国家冬季运动培训中心时对他们的鼓舞,作者也希望读者能像苏翊鸣学习。
1.句意:18岁的苏翊鸣收到了来自习近平主席的一封非常特殊的信。
考查冠词。根据“18-year-old Su Yiming received… very special letter…”可知,此处指收到一封非常特殊的信,应填不定冠词,且very的发音是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.句意:他是多么兴奋啊!
考查副词或疑问词。中心词excited是形容词,此处是由how引导的感叹句,结构为:How+形容词+主谓,且单词位于句首首字母需大写,故填How。
3.句意:在信中,习主席就苏和其他运动员在北京冬奥会的出色成就表示祝贺。
考查名词。根据“their wonderful achievements at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知,此处指在北京冬奥会上取得出色成就的苏和其他运动员,运动员可翻译为“player”或“athlete”,other后接可数名词复数,故填players/athletes。
4.句意:苏仍然记得习主席在2019年来全国冬季运动培训中心的走访。
考查介词。2019是年份,年份前用介词in,故填in。
5.句意:习主席希望,中国的年轻人应该总是把祖国放在他们心中,脚踏实地。
考查情态动词。根据“young Chinese people… always keep the motherland in their hearts”可知,此处指中国的年轻人应该把祖国放在他们心中,should“应该”,是情态动词,后接动词原形,故填should。
6.句意:苏翊鸣被习主席的鼓励所感动。
考查动词。结合下文“He really wanted to thank President Xi Jinping from the bottom of his heart.”推知这里是说苏翊鸣被习主席的鼓励所感动,move“使感动”,此处要用被动语态,故填moved。
7.句意:他决定相信他自己。
考查代词。根据“He decided to believe in…”可知,此处指他决定相信他自己,he的反身代词是himself,故填himself。
8.句意:苏翊鸣获得金牌后,他忍不住给习主席写了一封信。
考查介词。根据“…Su Yiming won the gold medal, he couldn’t help writing a letter to President Xi. ”可知,应该是在获得金牌后再写信,此处缺少连词,after“在……以后”,且单词位于句首首字母需大写,故填After。
9.句意:在他给习主席的信中,苏说他会更努力的,将来更好地为国家服务。
考查副词。根据“Su said he would work even…”可知,此处指他会更加努力,hard“努力地”,even修饰比较级,故填harder。
10.句意:让我们向奥运会单板滑雪金牌得主苏翊鸣学习。
考查定语从句的关系代词。此处是定语从句,先行词Su Yiming指人,在从句中作主语,用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
Exercise 4
【答案】
1.threw
2.something
3.from
4.rapid
5.recycled
6.pride
7.what
8.new
9.used
10.factories
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了Felix Bock开办了一个公司,回收使用过的筷子,用它们来做家具。这是一个有意义的事业。
1.句意:2016年,加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学的博士生Felix Bock发现,仅在温哥华,人们每天就扔掉大约10万双筷子。
考查动词。根据“In 2016...”可知描述过去的事,用一般过去时,这里是宾语从句,空缺处是谓语动词,throw away表示“扔掉”,throw过去式为threw。故填threw。
2.句意:他认为他需要做一些事。此空为do的宾语,表示做一些事,肯定句用something。故填something。
3.句意:公司收集来自美国和加拿大餐馆、学校和购物中心的使用过的筷子,把它们变成家具和其他工艺品。
考查介词。根据“collected used chopsticks...restaurants, schools and shopping centers in Canada and the US”可知此处指来源,用from。故填from。
4.句意:现在是它的第五年,随着公司的快速成长,Bock雇佣了40人。
考查形容词。此空为形容词作定语修饰名词,根据“Bock employs (雇佣) 40 people.”可知公司发展迅速,rapid表示“快速的”。故填rapid。
5.句意:通过使用蒸汽和压力机的特殊方法,他回收了3200万双筷子。
考查动词。空前是助动词has,此句是现在完成时,根据“By using his special methods of steam and press machines”可知此处指通过机器回收筷子,recycle表示“回收”,过去分词为recycled。故填recycled。
6.句意:Bock为他的工作感到骄傲。
考查名词或固定搭配。take pride in表示“以……为傲”。故填pride。
7.句意:他希望ChopValue背后的理念能帮助人们重新思考他们眼中的浪费。
考查宾语从句的引导词。此句是宾语从句,see缺少宾语,因此用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
8.句意:我很高兴,我的生意给人们提供了新的方法。
考查形容词。根据“The company collected used chopsticks from restaurants, schools and shopping centers in Canada and the US, and turned them into furniture and other artworks.”可知Bock的生意将筷子变成家具,这是一个新方法,new表示“新的”。故填new。
9.句意: 北美数百家餐厅向Bock支付一笔小额款项,让他们回收使用过的筷子。
考查形容词。根据“The company collected used chopsticks from restaurants, schools and shopping centers in Canada and the US”可知公司回收的是使用过的筷子。故填used。
10.句意:现在,他正忙着将业务扩展到更多的国家,并在10个国家建立了回收当地木材如筷子的工厂。
考查名词。根据“has set up...for recycling local wood like chopsticks in 10 countries.”可知此处指开设工厂用于回收木材。factory表示“工厂”,此处用复数。故填factories。
Exercise 5
【答案】
1.on
2.enough
3.set
4.kids / children
5.the
6.sent
7.but
8.how
9.knew / learned / learnt
10.their
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了一个10岁的小男孩Orion Jean从小就有一个传播善良的理想,他一直通过参加演讲比赛来传播善良,但他发现这是远远不够的,于是他决定通过一些实际行动来帮助他人,并鼓励人们多做善事。
1.句意:他喜欢把钱花在他的玩具乐高积木上。
考查介词。spend+钱/时间+on sth表示“把时间/金钱花在某物上”。故填on。
2.句意:但他很快意识到,仅仅靠演讲来传播善意是不够的。
考查形容词。be+形容词+to do sth.“做某事怎么样”。根据上下文可知,Jean意识到光靠演讲来传播善意是不够的。故填enough。
3.句意:于是男孩设立了“慈善赛跑”项目。
考查动词或固定搭配。set up表示“建立;设立”。故填set。
4.句意:Jean开始帮助医院里的孩子们。
考查名词。根据下文,Jean用自己的钱买了很多玩具,然后送到医院。故可推断他是想帮助医院里的孩子。故填kids / children。
5.句意:他还呼吁更多的人做同样的事情。
考查冠词。the same thing表示“一样的事”,定冠词the与same连用是固定用法。故填the。
6.句意:这些玩具被送到医院。
考查动词。根据“The toys were…to the hospital.”可知,toys和sent是被动关系,被动语态形式为“be done”。send的过去分词形式是sent。故填sent。
7.句意:这些天我真的很忙很累,但这是我一生中最好的经历之一。
考查连词。根据“I was really busy and tired these days”以及“it is one of the best experiences of my life”可知,前后是转折关系,表示转折用but连接。故填but。
8.句意:作为一个书迷,Jean知道阅读如何改变一个人的生活。
考查宾语从句的引导词。通过上文Jean读书的经历,可以推断出此处填how符合文意。故填how。
9.句意:去年五月,在得知当地家庭三分之二的孩子没有自己的书后,男孩决定收集 50 万本书籍。
考查动词。根据句意可知,此处是Jean得知下面的事实,故填know或learn。根据“Last May”可知动词形式用一般过去时,know的过去式为knew,learn的过去式为learned/learnt。故填knew / learned / learnt。
10.句意:去年五月,在得知当地家庭三分之二的孩子没有自己的书后,男孩决定收集 50 万本书籍。
考察代词。of one’s own“某人自己的”。从句的主语是“two out of three children”,故填their。
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