怀仁七中九年级英语第二轮专题复习学案
形容词
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态。
考点1、形容词的用法
1).形容词作定语,修饰名词或不定代词。
The tall man is her father.
There is something wrong with my bike.
2).形容词作表语,放在连系动词之后。
His hair gets white.
The film was wonderful.
3)大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语,但有少数形容词只能作表语,所以又把这些形容词叫作表语形容词,其特点就是这些形容词常常是以a开头的
Afraid ,alone ,asleep ,awake ,alive, alike,ill ,well
The baby is asleep.Turn down the TV, please.
Take this medicine and you’ll get well soon .
4).形容词作宾补,放在宾语之后,与之构成复合宾语。
We must keep our classroom clean.
Don’t leave the door open.
5)某些形容词前加定冠词表示一类人或物,为复数概念,在句中起名词作用,可作主语或宾语。
The young should be polite to the old .
考点2、形容词在句中的位置
1).形容词修饰名词时,要放在名词的前面,作其定语。
The population will become a big problem.
He is a strong man.
2)形容词修饰不定代词,要放在不定代词的后面,作其后置定语
I have something important to tell you .
3)enough作形容词修饰名词时,多放在名词之前,在非正式文体中也可放在名词之后。但enough作副词用于修饰形容词、副词时,要放在被修饰词的后面。
enough time (time enough)
He ran fast enough to catch up with the others.
4)形容词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后边,作后置定语。但复合形容词作定语时,要放在被修饰词前。
a basket full of eggs a river fifty meters wide
a ten-year-old boy a two-month holiday
考点3、形容词的比较级和最高级
1).大多数形容词有原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。
构成方法 原 级 比较级 最高级
规则变化 单音节词在词尾加-er,-est small smaller smallest
单音节词以e结尾只加-r,-st fine finer finest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er,-est bighot biggerhotter biggesthottest
以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的双音节词,先变y为i,再加-er,-est Happyeasy Happiereasier Happiest
规则变化 以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,在末尾加-er,-est clevernarrow cleverernarrower cleverestnarrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词,在原级前加moer,most deliciouscareful more deliciousmore careful most deliciousmost careful
不规则变化 good/wellbad/illmany/muchlittlefarold betterworsemorelessfarther/furtherolder/elder bestworstmostleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest
2).形容词比较等级的用法
形容词比较等级分为原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。现将其经典用法归纳如下:
(1)、原级的用法
①句中只出现了一个人或物,没有比较对象时,要用原级。
She has a new computer.
②表示A和B两者比较,程度相同。用句型:
A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B
Tom is as honest as John.
③表示A和B两者比较,A在程度上不如B时,用句型:
A+系动词+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B
The weather in Beijing is not as/so hot as that in Wuhan.
需注意的原级的用法:
①表示倍数的句型:A+系动词+数词(times)+as +形容词原级+as +B
This garden is ten times as large as that one.
② as…as possible(表示“尽可能……”)
Please hand in your homework as soon as possible.
(2)、比较级的用法
两者比较,用比较级。其句型为:
A+系动词+形容词的比较级+than+B
需注意的比较级的用法:
①在比较级前面还可用much,even,still,a little等词语来修饰,表示“…...的多”“甚至…….”“更…….. ”“ ……..一些”
②表示倍数:A+系动词+数词(times)+形容词的比较级+than+B
Our room is twice larger than theirs.
③表示“大……岁”时用“表示数量的词+比较级”来表示。
I’m two years older than you .
④“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……”
⑤“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”
China is becoming more and more beautiful.
⑥“the+比较级,the+比较级 ”译为“越…….就越”
The busier he is , the happier he feels.
⑦“the+比较级+of the two” 译为“两个中比较……的”
He is the better of the two.
⑧“Which(who) is +比较级,A or B ”译为“A和B哪一个更……?
Which one is more popular,the radio or the movie
(3)、最高级的用法
表示三者或三者以上(人或物)的比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他两个或几个时,用最高级。常用句型:A+系动词+ the+形容词最高级+ of/in
of the four of all of all the boys of us
in China , in the world in our school in my family
注意:当用介词短语表示形容词最高级的比较范围时,介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类事物,并把主语包括在内时,介词用of ,当只说明是在某一空间范围内的比较时,介词用in。
需注意的比较级的用法:
① one of the+最高级+复数名词,表示“最…….之一”。
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
② Which(Who) is +the +最高级, A , B or C 意指三个或三个以上的事物或人中“哪一个(谁)最…….?”
③我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式分别来表示最高级
No other student in her class is as good as she
She is better than any other student in her class.
She is the best student in her class.