人教版九年级英语Unit2语法——宾语从句课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
Object Clause
（宾语从句）
英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence)
并列句 (compound sentence)
复合句 (complex sentence)
英语句子概论
简单句的五种基本句型
The weather is very cold.
主语+谓语（连系动词）+表语
He laughed.
主语+谓语（vi.）
I like Chinese food.
主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语
She taught them physics.
主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语
We must keep the room warm.
主语+谓语(vt.) +宾语+宾语补足语
1. You'd better start early, or you will be late.
2. Jim studied hard all the time ,and he passed the exam scuccessfully.
3. I know where he lives, but I don't know the exact address.
4. I have never heard of the book, so I know nothing about it.
并列句:简单句+and\or\but\so +简单句
复合句:主句+从句
名词性从句
定语从句
状语从句
1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom.
2.Because it is raining ,we have to stay at home.
定语从句
状语从句
3.I know (that)he is from America.
（宾语从句）
名词性从句---
1. She wondered if the buses would still be running.
2. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.
宾语从句
表语从句
在功能上相当于名词, 在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等
名词性从句：
Object Clauses
宾语从句
什么是宾语？
I know him.
Do you have the time
Why don’t you pay attention to me
I enjoy working with you.
宾语
位于谓语动词或者介词后
I know him .
2. I know who he is .
主语
谓语
宾语
（简单句）
主语
谓语
宾 语 从 句
连接词
从句主语
从句谓语
主 句
（复合句）
句子做宾语就是宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后
句子结构：
主句 +连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态
引导词
句子类型
that
陈述句
一般疑问句
If/whether（是否）
特殊疑问词
特殊疑问句
宾语从句的连接词：
　类　别 关联词 特点
１. 从属连词 that,
whether/if 只起连接作用，不充当从句成分。
２.连接代词 who, whom, what，which,
whose 起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语或宾语或定语
３.连接副词 when, where, how，why 起连接作用外，还在从句中充当状语。
一、连接词（引导词）
1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略
Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.
She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.
宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下
不能省略：
（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；
（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导， “是否”，不能省略
Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma
liked the handbag .
Let’s see if /whether we can find out some
information about that city .
a.当有or not时就用whether,不用if.
I don’t know whether or not I will stay.
b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.
I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
注意 whether和if的使用区别
Practice time
if / whether 1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 3. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. 4. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
if / whether
whether
whether
whether
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what, who, whom, which；whose； when, where, how, why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略
Do you know what he said just now
I don’t remember when/where we arrived .
I asked him where/how/why I could get so much money .
Please tell me who \whom\what we have to see .
二、时态
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 ，从句的时态可根
据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过
去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
I know he lives here . ( live )
I know he lived here ten years ago . (live)
I have heard that he will come tomorrow . (come)
The teacher asked I was late today.
Do you still remember he said in the meeting
Do you know they are waiting for
Can you tell me country you are from, America or England
I really want to know your hometown is.
No one knows they opened the box.
what, which, who, whom, when, why, where, how, whatever, whoever…
why
what
whom/who
which
where
how
2.如果主句是过去的时态，那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）
I knew who lived here. (live)
I saw she was talking with her mother. (talk with)
He was wondering whether his father would come back tomorrow. (come back)
He said that he had seen it . (see)
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理
时用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth travels
around the sun. (travel)
1. Mike insisted that we _________________
(be)late for school.
2. The doctor ordered that she _____________
( stay) in bed for a few days.
(should) not be
(should) stay
注意：
在下列动词接that从句中用 “should+动原”
一个 “坚持” insist（坚持要）
两个“命令” command, order (命令）
三个“建议” suggest, propose, advise
四个“要求” request, ask, demand, require
三、语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：
主句＋连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
I’m wondering what she wants to eat.
1. When will he go to the library
His brother asks when he will go to the library .
His brother asks when will he go to the library .
2. What does he want to buy
I don’t know what does he want to buy.
I don’t know what he wants to buy .
否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。
I don’t think this dress fits you well.
I don’t think you are right.
我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
我认为你是错的。
I don’t believe you can finish the work today.
我认为你今天无法完成工作。
1.We wonder how we shall do next.
2.Could you tell me where are they having
a picnic
3.I am sorry that I don’t know you want to
take part in the competition.
what
didn’t
they are
Exercise: correct or not
4.I didn’t know that you will come.
5.He said that he is writing a story.
6.Could you tell me when will he arrive
7.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.
____
would
___
was
______
he will
______________
English has
Exercise: multical-choice
1.I don’t know____ we can live on the island without food.
A.where B what C how D that
2.Could you tell me ___________________
A where is the park B who’s on duty
C whose book is this D what are they doing
3 The teacher told us that the earth _____around the sun.
A moved B moves C move D moving
4.I didn’t know that Mr. Smith ______yet.
has returned B has returned
C had returned D returned
5. We don't know ______ they did it .
We don’t know______ they did.
A. how B. who C. what D. which
B
B
C
C
A
C
Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school
语序必须先主语后谓语。
主句为过去时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态。
2. I don’t know what did he do yesterday.（Warm Home)
he was
a.宾语从句的助动词要去掉.
主句为现在时，从句出现yesterday的过去时间，因此从句用过去时。
he did
3. Director Yan asked what the matter was with her.
4. Miss He said that the moon went round the earth.
what was the matter with her
goes
从句内容为真理时，从句的时态用一般现在时。
what在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑问句语序。who.., which is…同理。
6. I’m confident that you will do well in the exam tomorrow.
whether
b.只能用whether:
(1)与 or not连用
(2) 不定式前：whether + to do
(3) 介词 + whether …
7. They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.
主语+形容词，宾语从句用that引导.
a.宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。
√
1. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_______.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
2. Can you make sure _______ the gold ring
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
即时练习
1. -- Can you make sure _______
-- Sorry, I can’t. But I saw her just now.
A. where did she go B. where she had gone
C. where she has gone D. where will she go
2. I wanted to know _________.
A. what did she say
B. why does she go to bed late
C. why she went to bed late
D. why she goes to bed late
C
C
3. He is not sure _______ to watch TV or go to bed.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
4. I don’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
B
B
how to do it 与 what to do 的区别
D
7. -- Could you tell me _________
-- It’s next to the post office.
A. where the supermarket is
B. where is the supermarket
C. where was the supermarket
D. where the supermarket was
A
could表示委婉的语气,不是过去时
8. Could you tell me ___________ it.
A. what can I do B. how can I do
C. what to do D. how to do
特殊用法5
9. Mike_________ bullying others _______.
thinks, isn’t right
think, isn’t right
don’t think, is right.
doesn’t think, is right
若从句为否定句，主句谓语是 think ,believe , guess ,suppose 等词时,要否定前移
D
中考链接
Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please
A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever
How much one enjoys himself traveling depends largely on __ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
A. what B. who C. how D. why
We haven’t discussed yet __ we are going to place our new furniture.
A. that B. which C. what D. where
Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew __ she was so angry.
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know __.
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
–Bob has gone to California.
- Oh, can you tell me when he ___
A. has left B. left C. is leaving D would leave
We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it．
A. where B．what C. whether D. which
Could you show me ________
A. how can I get to the station
B. where is the station
C. how could I get to the station
D. how I can reach the station
Please tell me _______.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
C. what he likes D. what he like
My sister told him ________ .
A. what day was it B. when the train arrived
C. who she was waiting D. where did you live
C
B
D