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外研版初中英语八年级下册Module 3 Unit 2 随堂小练笔
一、单选题
1．—Where is Nina
—She________ the library.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．went to
2．The student didn't run________ to catch the early bus this morning.
A．enough fast B．slow enough C．fast enough D．enough slow
3．I arrived ______ Beijing ______ Friday morning.
A．in; on B．on; in C．at; on D．at; in
4．People can communicate ______ each other on WeChat.
A．of B．on C．by D．with
5．My friend Jenny often helps with English．
A．I，me B．me，my C．my，me D．I，my
二、完形填空
6．根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
Can you imagine astronauts' everyday life in space They also need to eat, （1） , exercise and relax. They do the same things as us, but they do （2） differently.
On Earth, we put food on a plate and water in a glass. Gravity(重力) holds the food down and keeps the water in the glass. （3） there is almost no gravity in space, so food can float(漂浮) away, and astronauts must eat and drink （4） .
Sleeping is very different in space. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most like to be in a （5） bag. They tie the bag to a wall （6） they won't float away at night. Exercise is very important in space. On Earth, your legs （7） your body, but in space, astronauts float. So they do not use their legs often. This is very （8） their legs, so they must exercise for thirty minutes every day.
After a day's work, astronauts relax. They may listen to music, read, watch films, play games, or talk to their friends and families （9） the radio. Sometimes they just enjoy （10） in the air.
（1）A．play B．work C．sleep D．drink
（2）A．it B．them C．one D．themselves
（3）A．And B．But C．So D．Or
（4）A．careless B．carelessly C．careful D．carefully
（5）A．sleep B．sleepy C．sleeping D．asleep
（6）A．when B．while C．so that D．if
（7）A．take B．carry C．bring D．get
（8）A．good for B．bad for C．good at D．good with
（9）A．on B．by C．with D．for
（10）A．float B．floating C．floated D．to float
三、阅读理解
7．阅读理解
In
the universe, as we all know, there is the
sun, the moon, the earth and a good many stars. Through our geography lessons,
we know the earth goes around the sun, and the moon goes around the earth. We
have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part
of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away
from the sun, it is night.
Just
because the moon is closer to the earth than
the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when
they are further, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.
The
sun is big enough to give out very strong
light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too.
Why In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much
bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually (事实上) the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look
smaller than the moon also because they are further away from the earth.
There
are many other planets in the universe. But
of all the planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can
only live on the earth, too. But at 9:00 a.m. on October 15th，2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there
for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.
（1）We find the sun is than the moon because it is to us.
A．bigger; farther B．smaller; closer
C．bigger; closer D．smaller; farther
（2）When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is _______ .
A．night B．day C．evening D．Sunday
（3）People and living things can live on the .
A．earth B．Mars C．moon D．sun
（4）When did the pilot from our country return to the earth
A．On November 15th, 2002. B．On October 16th, 2003.
C．On May 15th, 2004. D．On October 15th, 2003.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The moon goes around the earth and it can't give out any light at all.
B．The moon goes around the sun and its light is from the sun.
C．The earth moves around the moon and people can live only on the earth.
D．Of all the planets, only the earth moves around the sun.
四、语法填空
8．I hear scientists have found two new (galaxy)．
9．I think the (light)is dark in the room．
10．There has been life for (million) of years.
11．We (not discover) anything valuable in that room yet.
12．
Could you tell me where (buy) a new model ship
五、选词填空（词汇运用）
13．选词填空。
solar system, millions of, far away, go around, be called
（1）Wang Jie is not old but he Lao Wang in his office．
（2）Let's the city,not through it．
（3）—The bookstore is from our school.
—I know．So let's go there by bus .
（4）The is only a small part of the Milky Way.
（5）Every year foreign visitors come to my home town on holiday.
六、翻译
14．根据句意及汉语提示完成英语句子, 每空一词。
（1）他们花费了数亿元建造了这座大桥。
They spent yuan building the bridge.
（2）宇宙中有多少行星围着太阳转？
How many planets in the universe the sun
（3）他们认为他们不应该同意这个旅游计划。
They agree with this travel plan.
（4）海王星是我们太阳系里的第八颗行星。
Neptune is the eighth planet in our .
（5）这个孩子足够大了, 能照顾自己了。
The child is look after himself.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】gone to/been to用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：——Nina在哪里？——她已经去图书馆了。has been to意为"去过"，去了并且回来了；has gone to意为"去了"，去了，没回来，在回来的路上或者去的路上；has been in...意为"在…..."。went去，一般过去时。此题对方询问的时候，Nina应该不在身旁，因此应该表示"她去图书馆了"。所以用has gone to，故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时，识记首先选项区别，然后根据关键词句句意确定。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配；词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：今早那个学生跑得不够快没有赶上早班车。fast快，形容词或者副词。slow慢的，形容词。run跑，实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，所以排除B、D。enough意为"足够"，修饰形容词或副词要后置。所以用fast enough，故选C。
【点评】考查词性辨析和固定搭配，首先识记slow和fast词性，然后根据关键词run确定，最后识记固定搭配形容词或者副词+enough。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我在周五早上到的北京。arrive in+大地点，到达……；arrive at，到达小地点；in用在年或月份前面，on+具体的日期或具体的某一天的早晚等。故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。掌握arrive in和arrive at的区别，及in和on用在年月日前的区别。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：人们能在微信上互相交流。communicate with sb，与某人交流，固定搭配，故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配。掌握communicate with sb的用法。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】宾格的人称代词；形容词性物主代词；词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我的朋友詹妮经常帮助我学习英语。 help sb with sth帮助某人做某事,这是一个固定的搭配,第一空需填人称代词的宾格me 做动词help 的宾语；第二空需填形容词性物主代词my修饰名词English，故选B。
【点评】考查人称代词和物主代词辨析。
6．【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）C；（7）B；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】
（1）C 结合下文的描述可知所缺的词是sleep。
（2）B 考查代词用法。此处所缺的词是then。. 代指的是 the same things。
（3）B 考查连词用法。结合句意可知前后两句之间是转折关系，故答案为B。
（4）D 修饰动词要用副词，可先排除A和C；再结合句意可知答案为D。
（5）C a sleeping bag意为“一个睡袋”。
（6）C 句意：他们把睡袋系在墙上，为的是晚上不会飘走。结合句意可知应用so that。故答案为C。
（7）B 考查动词词义辨析。本题表示“支撑”，故答案为B。
（8）B 考查短语搭配。be bad for意为“对……有害”。
（9）A 考查介词用法。on the radio意为“通过广播”。
（10）B 考查enjoy doing sth. 。enjoy后若跟动词形式，只能跟动名词形式，故答案为B。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完形填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
7．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一些宇宙知识。
（1）细节题。根据可知我们发现太阳比月亮小是因为太阳离我们更远，故选D。
（2）推理题。根据 When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night 可知当我们所在的地球那部分远离太阳时，地球的另一部分就是白天，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据 But of all the planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth 可知人类和生物能在地球上存活，故选A。
（4）推理题。根据But at 9:00 a.m. on October 15th，2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space可知在2003年10月16日，我们国家的飞行员返回地球，故选B。
（5）细节题。根据 the moon goes around the earth 和 The moon can't give any light at all 可知月球绕着地球转并且月球不发光是对的，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
8．【答案】galaxies
【知识点】单词拼写；补充句子；语法填空；可数名词；规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意：我听说科学家们已经发现了两个新的……（星系），此处名词星系构成复数，故填galaxies，注意galaxy是辅音字母+y结尾所以要变y为i+es。
【点评】此题考查名词复数的变化。
9．【答案】light
【知识点】补充句子；语法填空；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我认为房间里……黑。据题意填光线light原型。
【点评】此句考查名词的应用。
10．【答案】millions
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：生命已经存在了数百万年。million，百万，millions of，数百万，固定搭配，故填millions。
【点评】考查固定搭配millions of。
11．【答案】haven't discovered
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：我们还没有在那个房间里发现任何有价值的东西。discover，发现，实义动词，yet表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是复数we，所以用have，have的否定是haven't，discover的过去分词是discovered，故填haven't discovered。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记现在完成时的标志词和结构，然后识记动词过去分词。
12．【答案】to buy
【知识点】语法填空；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：你能告诉我去哪里买一个新轮船模型吗？特殊疑问词+to do，相当于宾语从句用法，故填to buy。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意疑问词+to do的用法。
13．【答案】（1）is called
（2）go around
（3）far away
（4）solar system
（5）millions of
【知识点】选词填空；语法填空；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】选项意：太阳系，成千上万，遥远的，绕，被叫做……
（1）王杰不老，但是在他的办公室……老王，据题意填被叫做be called,因为主语为he故填 is called。
（2）让我们……这个城市，不要穿过它。据题意填绕go around，祈使句Let+动词原形故填go around。
（3）—书店离我们学校……。—我知道，因此我们乘公共汽车去哪儿。据题意填远far away。构成短语 be far away from……离某地远……
（4）……只是银河系很小的一部分。据题意填太阳系solar system。
（5）每年……外国游客来到我的家乡度假。据题意填成千上万millions of。
【点评】此题考查短语的综合运用。
14．【答案】（1）hundreds；of；millions；of
（2）go；around
（3）don't；think；they；should
（4）solar；system
（5）old；enough；to
【解析】【分析】（1）考查数学词的表达，“数亿”hundreds of millions of。
（2）“围着……转”go around。
（3）think具有“否定前移”，故填 don't think they should。
（4）“太阳系”solar system。
（5）“足够……”enough to do sth，故填 old enough to。
【点评】本题考查汉译英，解答此类题目需要熟记一些固定句式和短语，然后根据语境及时间状语，确定单词的词形变化.注意主谓一致及时态一致等问题。
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外研版初中英语八年级下册Module 3 Unit 2 随堂小练笔
一、单选题
1．—Where is Nina
—She________ the library.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．went to
【答案】A
【知识点】gone to/been to用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：——Nina在哪里？——她已经去图书馆了。has been to意为"去过"，去了并且回来了；has gone to意为"去了"，去了，没回来，在回来的路上或者去的路上；has been in...意为"在…..."。went去，一般过去时。此题对方询问的时候，Nina应该不在身旁，因此应该表示"她去图书馆了"。所以用has gone to，故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时，识记首先选项区别，然后根据关键词句句意确定。
2．The student didn't run________ to catch the early bus this morning.
A．enough fast B．slow enough C．fast enough D．enough slow
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配；词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：今早那个学生跑得不够快没有赶上早班车。fast快，形容词或者副词。slow慢的，形容词。run跑，实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，所以排除B、D。enough意为"足够"，修饰形容词或副词要后置。所以用fast enough，故选C。
【点评】考查词性辨析和固定搭配，首先识记slow和fast词性，然后根据关键词run确定，最后识记固定搭配形容词或者副词+enough。
3．I arrived ______ Beijing ______ Friday morning.
A．in; on B．on; in C．at; on D．at; in
【答案】A
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我在周五早上到的北京。arrive in+大地点，到达……；arrive at，到达小地点；in用在年或月份前面，on+具体的日期或具体的某一天的早晚等。故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。掌握arrive in和arrive at的区别，及in和on用在年月日前的区别。
4．People can communicate ______ each other on WeChat.
A．of B．on C．by D．with
【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：人们能在微信上互相交流。communicate with sb，与某人交流，固定搭配，故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配。掌握communicate with sb的用法。
5．My friend Jenny often helps with English．
A．I，me B．me，my C．my，me D．I，my
【答案】B
【知识点】宾格的人称代词；形容词性物主代词；词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我的朋友詹妮经常帮助我学习英语。 help sb with sth帮助某人做某事,这是一个固定的搭配,第一空需填人称代词的宾格me 做动词help 的宾语；第二空需填形容词性物主代词my修饰名词English，故选B。
【点评】考查人称代词和物主代词辨析。
二、完形填空
6．根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
Can you imagine astronauts' everyday life in space They also need to eat, （1） , exercise and relax. They do the same things as us, but they do （2） differently.
On Earth, we put food on a plate and water in a glass. Gravity(重力) holds the food down and keeps the water in the glass. （3） there is almost no gravity in space, so food can float(漂浮) away, and astronauts must eat and drink （4） .
Sleeping is very different in space. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most like to be in a （5） bag. They tie the bag to a wall （6） they won't float away at night. Exercise is very important in space. On Earth, your legs （7） your body, but in space, astronauts float. So they do not use their legs often. This is very （8） their legs, so they must exercise for thirty minutes every day.
After a day's work, astronauts relax. They may listen to music, read, watch films, play games, or talk to their friends and families （9） the radio. Sometimes they just enjoy （10） in the air.
（1）A．play B．work C．sleep D．drink
（2）A．it B．them C．one D．themselves
（3）A．And B．But C．So D．Or
（4）A．careless B．carelessly C．careful D．carefully
（5）A．sleep B．sleepy C．sleeping D．asleep
（6）A．when B．while C．so that D．if
（7）A．take B．carry C．bring D．get
（8）A．good for B．bad for C．good at D．good with
（9）A．on B．by C．with D．for
（10）A．float B．floating C．floated D．to float
【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）C；（7）B；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】
（1）C 结合下文的描述可知所缺的词是sleep。
（2）B 考查代词用法。此处所缺的词是then。. 代指的是 the same things。
（3）B 考查连词用法。结合句意可知前后两句之间是转折关系，故答案为B。
（4）D 修饰动词要用副词，可先排除A和C；再结合句意可知答案为D。
（5）C a sleeping bag意为“一个睡袋”。
（6）C 句意：他们把睡袋系在墙上，为的是晚上不会飘走。结合句意可知应用so that。故答案为C。
（7）B 考查动词词义辨析。本题表示“支撑”，故答案为B。
（8）B 考查短语搭配。be bad for意为“对……有害”。
（9）A 考查介词用法。on the radio意为“通过广播”。
（10）B 考查enjoy doing sth. 。enjoy后若跟动词形式，只能跟动名词形式，故答案为B。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完形填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
三、阅读理解
7．阅读理解
In
the universe, as we all know, there is the
sun, the moon, the earth and a good many stars. Through our geography lessons,
we know the earth goes around the sun, and the moon goes around the earth. We
have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part
of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away
from the sun, it is night.
Just
because the moon is closer to the earth than
the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when
they are further, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.
The
sun is big enough to give out very strong
light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too.
Why In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much
bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually (事实上) the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look
smaller than the moon also because they are further away from the earth.
There
are many other planets in the universe. But
of all the planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can
only live on the earth, too. But at 9:00 a.m. on October 15th，2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there
for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.
（1）We find the sun is than the moon because it is to us.
A．bigger; farther B．smaller; closer
C．bigger; closer D．smaller; farther
（2）When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is _______ .
A．night B．day C．evening D．Sunday
（3）People and living things can live on the .
A．earth B．Mars C．moon D．sun
（4）When did the pilot from our country return to the earth
A．On November 15th, 2002. B．On October 16th, 2003.
C．On May 15th, 2004. D．On October 15th, 2003.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The moon goes around the earth and it can't give out any light at all.
B．The moon goes around the sun and its light is from the sun.
C．The earth moves around the moon and people can live only on the earth.
D．Of all the planets, only the earth moves around the sun.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一些宇宙知识。
（1）细节题。根据可知我们发现太阳比月亮小是因为太阳离我们更远，故选D。
（2）推理题。根据 When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night 可知当我们所在的地球那部分远离太阳时，地球的另一部分就是白天，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据 But of all the planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth 可知人类和生物能在地球上存活，故选A。
（4）推理题。根据But at 9:00 a.m. on October 15th，2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space可知在2003年10月16日，我们国家的飞行员返回地球，故选B。
（5）细节题。根据 the moon goes around the earth 和 The moon can't give any light at all 可知月球绕着地球转并且月球不发光是对的，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
四、语法填空
8．I hear scientists have found two new (galaxy)．
【答案】galaxies
【知识点】单词拼写；补充句子；语法填空；可数名词；规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意：我听说科学家们已经发现了两个新的……（星系），此处名词星系构成复数，故填galaxies，注意galaxy是辅音字母+y结尾所以要变y为i+es。
【点评】此题考查名词复数的变化。
9．I think the (light)is dark in the room．
【答案】light
【知识点】补充句子；语法填空；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我认为房间里……黑。据题意填光线light原型。
【点评】此句考查名词的应用。
10．There has been life for (million) of years.
【答案】millions
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：生命已经存在了数百万年。million，百万，millions of，数百万，固定搭配，故填millions。
【点评】考查固定搭配millions of。
11．We (not discover) anything valuable in that room yet.
【答案】haven't discovered
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：我们还没有在那个房间里发现任何有价值的东西。discover，发现，实义动词，yet表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是复数we，所以用have，have的否定是haven't，discover的过去分词是discovered，故填haven't discovered。
【点评】考查现在完成时，首先识记现在完成时的标志词和结构，然后识记动词过去分词。
12．
Could you tell me where (buy) a new model ship
【答案】to buy
【知识点】语法填空；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：你能告诉我去哪里买一个新轮船模型吗？特殊疑问词+to do，相当于宾语从句用法，故填to buy。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意疑问词+to do的用法。
五、选词填空（词汇运用）
13．选词填空。
solar system, millions of, far away, go around, be called
（1）Wang Jie is not old but he Lao Wang in his office．
（2）Let's the city,not through it．
（3）—The bookstore is from our school.
—I know．So let's go there by bus .
（4）The is only a small part of the Milky Way.
（5）Every year foreign visitors come to my home town on holiday.
【答案】（1）is called
（2）go around
（3）far away
（4）solar system
（5）millions of
【知识点】选词填空；语法填空；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】选项意：太阳系，成千上万，遥远的，绕，被叫做……
（1）王杰不老，但是在他的办公室……老王，据题意填被叫做be called,因为主语为he故填 is called。
（2）让我们……这个城市，不要穿过它。据题意填绕go around，祈使句Let+动词原形故填go around。
（3）—书店离我们学校……。—我知道，因此我们乘公共汽车去哪儿。据题意填远far away。构成短语 be far away from……离某地远……
（4）……只是银河系很小的一部分。据题意填太阳系solar system。
（5）每年……外国游客来到我的家乡度假。据题意填成千上万millions of。
【点评】此题考查短语的综合运用。
六、翻译
14．根据句意及汉语提示完成英语句子, 每空一词。
（1）他们花费了数亿元建造了这座大桥。
They spent yuan building the bridge.
（2）宇宙中有多少行星围着太阳转？
How many planets in the universe the sun
（3）他们认为他们不应该同意这个旅游计划。
They agree with this travel plan.
（4）海王星是我们太阳系里的第八颗行星。
Neptune is the eighth planet in our .
（5）这个孩子足够大了, 能照顾自己了。
The child is look after himself.
【答案】（1）hundreds；of；millions；of
（2）go；around
（3）don't；think；they；should
（4）solar；system
（5）old；enough；to
【解析】【分析】（1）考查数学词的表达，“数亿”hundreds of millions of。
（2）“围着……转”go around。
（3）think具有“否定前移”，故填 don't think they should。
（4）“太阳系”solar system。
（5）“足够……”enough to do sth，故填 old enough to。
【点评】本题考查汉译英，解答此类题目需要熟记一些固定句式和短语，然后根据语境及时间状语，确定单词的词形变化.注意主谓一致及时态一致等问题。
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