专题09 读写综合之回答问题-广东中考英语必考题型解析及特训练习(含答案解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题09 读写综合之回答问题
2022广东省初中学业水平考试英语试题分析
试题整体变化分析
第六题 读写综合
题号 2022年 2021年
考点 难度 考点 难度
回答问题 76 when（时间）—细节理解题 易 From whom—细节理解题 易
77 What—细节理解题 中 Where—信息对称题 易
78 What—细节理解题 中 What—细节理解题 难
79 How often—细节理解题 易 When—时间信息题 中
80 Who—细节理解题 易 How—细节理解题 中
素材 （说明文）话题：体育—最佳锻炼时间 （说明文）信息获取方式的变化
词数 192w（3个非课标单词：energy n.能量;benefit v.受益;concentrate v.集中） 221w（2个非课标单词）
“回答问题”阅读材料的主题是体育，文章介绍了杨医生对最佳户外体育锻炼时间的研究，并介绍了我国各地中小学如何实践杨医生的研究结果。文章贴近学生生活，符合新课标中加强我们中小学体育教育的改革方向。
通过4个W-和1个H-问题来提取文章细节信息，均能通过题干关键词在原文中定位原句找到答案。其中第77题，考生需要理解research on和research about是同义短语，方能快速在原文中定位答案。第78题，考生需准确理解文中then在逻辑上与上文构成顺承关系，表示“然后”，才能准确定位答案。
【题型分析】
为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，此题为5个问题,问题设计一般比较简单,多数考题针对文章中的事实细节,答案都能在原文中找到出处。疑问句类型主要有:
(1)特殊疑问句(what, when, where, why, who, how; how long, how many, how much, how often, how far, how soon)。
(2)一般疑问句
(3)选择疑问句
【易错点分析】
易错点　题干与信息句之间的句型转换
(2020年广东,回答问题的文章见“真题分析”)
77.Who wrote the eighty-five letters
______________________________________________________
答案:Students in Beijing wrote them /the eighty-five letters./Students in Beijing (did).
解析:文章中“It has collected eighty-five letters written by students in Beijing to young people in pandemic-stricken countries.”可推断出,问题中八十五份信件是北京学生写的。需要注意的是,文章中表述是被动语态,在书写答案时,要把文章内容改为主动语态,而不是把文章内容直接抄写下来。被动语态形式改为主动语态形式,需注意句子中主谓宾的正确表达形式,联系文章内容,应回答“北京的学生写了这八十五封信。”,故答案填Students in Beijing wrote them /the eighty-five letters./Students in Beijing (did).
【“四招”破题】
（一）认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。
（二）仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。
（三）对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。
（四）快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。
回答问题真题练习及答案解析
（2022·广东·中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据所提供信息，回答5个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整切题。
We all know doing exercise makes us healthy. But many of us don’t know which is better, to exercise in the day or at night. Dr. Yang, a famous sleep doctor, advises people to do outdoor exercise for at least 30 minutes a day in the daytime.
Dr. Yang has been doing research on sports and sleep for years. He finds out that those who exercise in natural light for half an hour every day have better sleep and more energy(能量). Dr. Yang himself gets up at 6:30 a.m. Then he usually takes a walk outside. Sometimes, he walks his two dogs in the park in the afternoon with his sunglasses left at home.
Many schools put Dr. Yang’s findings into practice. They made it a rule that students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day. In some schools, students even formed outdoor running clubs. After some time, most students said they benefited(受益) a lot from outdoor exercise. Now they sleep better and concentrate(集中) more on their studies.
Some students are now thinking about inviting their teachers to join them in their daily runs.
76. According to Dr. Yang, when is it better to exercise, in the day or at night
___________________________________________________________
77. What is Dr. Yang’s research about
___________________________________________________________
78. What does Dr. Yang usually do after he gets up
___________________________________________________________
79. How often do students do outdoor exercise in many schools
___________________________________________________________
80. Who will some students invite to join in their daily runs
___________________________________________________________
【解析】
【导语】本文你是一篇说明文，研究表明白天运动对我们更好。
【76题详解】
根据“Dr. Yang, a famous sleep doctor, advises people to do outdoor exercise for at least 30 minutes a day in the daytime.”可知，著名睡眠医生杨医生建议人们白天至少进行30分钟的户外运动，说明在白天运动更好。 故填In the day./It’s better to exercise in the day.
【77题详解】
根据“Dr. Yang has been doing research on sports and sleep for years.”可知，杨博士多年来一直在研究运动和睡眠之间的关系。故填It’s about sports and sleep./Sports and sleep./His research is about sports and sleep.
【78题详解】
根据“Then he usually takes a walk outside.”可知，他通常在外面散步。故填He usually takes a walk outside.
【79题详解】
根据“They made it a rule that students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day.”可知，学生每天应该做一次或两次户外运动。故填Students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day./They should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day./Once or twice a day.
【80题详解】
根据“Some students are now thinking about inviting their teachers to join them in their daily runs.”可知，一些学生现在正在考虑邀请他们的老师加入他们的日常跑步。故填Students will invite their teachers./They will invite their teachers./Their teachers.
三、回答问题练习
Exercise 1
（2022·广东·江门市第二中学二模）Freestyle skier Gu Ailing, an 18-year-old girl, became one of the superstars of the event in 2022. Gu was born in 2003 in San Francisco. Her father is American and her mother is Chinese. She started skiing when she was only three years old and became champion of the junior group of the USA Snowboard and Freeski Association at the age of nine. Gu decided to compete for China in the 2022 Winter Olympics in June 2019. She won two golds and one silver in February in the 2022 Winter Olympics at last, which made her well-known to all Chinese people.
People say she is talented. But Gu says that talent counts for（占据） “only one percent” of her wins, adding that her hard work is what counts. While going to school in San Francisco, Gu could only practice on weekends. She spent eight hours going to the ski hill and back, doing her homework on the way and making full use of her time at the hill to practice skiing.
Gu encouraged more girls in China to try skiing and other extreme sports（极限运动）because she thought this kinds of sports may give them freedom and creativity.
1．Where was Gu Ailing born
___________________________________________________________
2．How old was Gu Ailing when she started skiing
___________________________________________________________
3．How many medals did she win in the 2022 Winter Olympics
___________________________________________________________
4．When is she well-known to all Chinese people
___________________________________________________________
5．Why did she encourage more girls in China to try skiing and other extreme sports
___________________________________________________________
Exercise 2
（2022·广东·新丰县教育局教研室二模）A．回答问题
请阅读以下短文，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。
Do you help your parents with housework around the house Can you cook for your family According to People’s Daily, a study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spent 12 minutes a day on housework, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France. In 2020, China gave special attention to labor education (劳动教育) in primary, secondary schools and colleges.
Housework like cooking always ends up at the bottom of many of our to-do lists. Some students even think that they should be taken care of by parents. However, these abilities are important and should be taught as part of labor education. Students can get labor education in different ways, such as doing housework, cleaning in schools, and volunteering in communities. “Labor education must be paid more attention to because it can develop students’ right view of the world, life and values,” said a government leader. Through such education, students are expected to learn basic abilities as well as forming good working habits.
Middle school students are required to work more than 3 hours every week. The government also asks high schools to make sure that students have 40 hours of volunteer service during the full three school years.
6．In which country did students spend the most time doing housework
___________________________________________________________
7．Who should take care of them according to some students
___________________________________________________________
8．How many ways of getting labor education are mentioned in the passage
___________________________________________________________
9．Why more attention should be paid to labor education
___________________________________________________________
10．How long are middle school students required to work every week
___________________________________________________________
Exercise 3
（2022·广东汕头·二模）请仔细阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下面问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整。
There have been many great inventions in the history that change the way we live. The first great invention was the one that is still very important today—the wheel.
This made it easy for people to carry heavy things. For hundreds of years after that, there were few inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800s, the world started to change greatly. There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore（探索）much any more. In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today.
The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909, movies with sound in 1926, the computer in 1946, and jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon（尼龙）came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be made. Men began looking for ways to go into space, Russia made the first step. Then the United States followed. Since then, other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space. In 1969 men took their biggest step away from the earth, Americans first walked on the moon. In 1973, the first practical mobile phone was invented by Dr. Martin Lawrence Cooper. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.
11．What benefit did the wheel bring to people
___________________________________________________________
12．When did the world start to change greatly
___________________________________________________________
13．Was the helicopter invented in 1909
___________________________________________________________
14．What did Nylon change
___________________________________________________________
15．Who first walked on the moon
___________________________________________________________
Exercise 4
（2022·广东·龙门县科技教育局教学研究室二模）A回答问题
请阅读下面一篇关于Li Dong 对自己初中生活回顾的文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下列问题。
I started my junior high school life at the age of thirteen. At first the school for me, a boy, meant play, play and more play. However, I changed the way I used to behave at school with the help of my teachers. I tried my best to do well in my school work and follow the school rules.
Growing and learning were great fun. Every year we had different kinds of school trips. Not only could we learn many things from them, but also we were given many projects as homework. They helped us know more. At the same time, we made many friends. In Grade 8, I won prizes in drawing and English speech competitions. When I was in Grade 9, I realized that I should give all my attention to my studies because I was going to take the exams to get into senior high school.
Whenever I think of my school life, I feel very happy and I think in everybody’s school life there are many ups and downs(苦乐) that influence his life. School is a place where all of us learn to care and share. “School” is not just a place, but a large building made up of rules, knowledge and love. I can describe my school as “Three Ss”. They are Small, Sweet and Simple. My school was the best, is the best and will always be the best.
16．How old was Li Dong when he started his junior high school
_________________________________________________________
17．Which two things were great fun in Li Dong’s school life
_________________________________________________________
18．When did Li Dong win prizes in drawing and English speech competitions
_________________________________________________________
19．How does Li Dong feel when he thinks of his school life
_________________________________________________________
20．What are “Three Ss” that Li Dong describes his school as
_________________________________________________________
Exercise 5
（2022·广东·二模）读写综合
A．回答问题
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题，要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。
Sun Ruifeng, a mother in Beijing, changed some of her plans for her 8-year-old son’s summer vacation. She looked for an after-school English class, but in the end, she changed it to a swimming training class. “Because of the strict rules on after-school classes, many parents like me choose sports or other projects for developing interests instead,” Sun said.
Sun’s choice is part of the result of the government’s growing efforts to lighten the pressure (压力) on students.
On July 24, Chinese government made a policy (政策) for primary and junior high school students. According to the policy, homework for children below the third grade is not allowed, while homework for junior high school students should take no longer than 90 minutes to finish. Besides, primary and middle schools are asked to offer after-school services, including homework tutoring (作业辅导), sports, arts, reading and interest groups.
Many parents showed their support for the policy. “Subject learning is enough at school and we hope to improve the children’s whole quality of life during holidays,” a parent surnamed Zhou in Guangzhou told Sally, a reporter.
However, there were also some problems. A parent surnamed Chen in Shanxi said that although she agreed with the policy, she worried what her son would do after school if both parents had no time to be with him.
Anyhow, we all hope the new policy will work.
21．How old is Sun Ruifeng’s son
_________________________________________________________
22．Why do many parents make the same choice as Sun Ruifeng
_________________________________________________________
23．When did Chinese government make the policy
_________________________________________________________
24．Who did Sally interview
_________________________________________________________
25．What did the parent surnamed Chen in Shanxi worry
_________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
Exercise 1
1．She was born in San Francisco.
2．She was three years old when she started skiing.
3．She won three medals in the 2022 Winter Olympics.
4．In the 2022 Winter Olympics.
5．Because she thought this kinds of sports may give them freedom and creativity.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了加入中国国籍的滑雪运动员谷爱凌。
1．
根据“Gu was born in 2003 in San Francisco.”可知，谷爱凌出生于旧金山，故填She was born in San Francisco.
2．
根据“She started skiing when she was only three years old”可知，她三岁时就开始滑雪了，故填She was three years old when she started skiing.
3．
根据“She won two golds and one silver in February in the 2022 Winter Olympics at last”可知，谷爱凌在2022年2月的冬奥会上获得了两枚金牌和一枚银牌，一共三枚。故填She won three medals in the 2022 Winter Olympics.
4．
根据“She won two golds and one silver in February in the 2022 Winter Olympics at last, which made her well-known to all Chinese people.”可知，她在2022年2月的冬奥会上获得了两金一银，这使她为全中国人民所熟知。故填In the 2022 Winter Olympics.
5．
根据“Gu encouraged more girls in China to try skiing and other extreme sports because she thought this kinds of sports may give them freedom and creativity.”可知，谷爱凌鼓励更多的中国女孩尝试滑雪和其他极限运动，因为她认为这些运动可以给她们自由和创造力。故填Because she thought this kinds of sports may give them freedom and creativity.
Exercise 2
6．Primary and middle school students in the US spend the most time doing housework./Primary and middle school students in the US do./Primary and middle school students in the US. /In the US/In America.
7．Their parents should./Their parents./Parents.
8．Three ways of getting labor education are mentioned./Three ways are mentioned./Three.
9．Because it can develop students’ right view of the world, life and values.
10．They are required to work more than 3 hours every week./More than 3 hours./More than three hours.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了对小学生和中学生实行劳动教育的必要性。
6．
根据“According to People’s Daily, a study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spent 12 minutes a day on housework, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France.”可知美国的孩子用于做家务时间最多，故填Primary and middle school students in the US spend the most time doing housework./Primary and middle school students in the US do./Primary and middle school students in the US. /In the US/In America.
7．
根据“Some students even think that they should be taken care of by parents.”可知一些学生认为他们应该被他们的父母照顾。故填Their parents should./Their parents./Parents.
8．
根据“Students can get labor education in different ways, such as doing housework, cleaning in schools, and volunteering in communities.”可知学生得到劳动教育的方法有做家务，在学校打扫和在社区做志愿者。故填Three ways of getting labor education are mentioned./Three ways are mentioned./Three.
9．
根据“Labor education must be paid more attention to because it can develop students’ right view of the world, life and values,”可知劳动教育可以培养学生正确的世界观、生命观和价值观。故填Because it can develop students’ right view of the world, life and values.
10．
根据“Middle school students are required to work more than 3 hours every week.”可知中学生被要求每周工作3个小时以上。故填They are required to work more than 3 hours every week./More than 3 hours./More than three hours.
Exercise 3
11．It made it easy for people to carry heavy things.
12．In the early 1800s, the world started to change greatly.
13．Yes, it was.
14．It changed the kind of clothes people wear.
15．Americans first walked on the moon.
【解析】
本文介绍了有许多发明改变了我们的生活。
11．
根据“This made it easy for people to carry heavy things.”可知，轮子的发明使得人们很容易携带沉重的东西，故填It made it easy for people to carry heavy things.
12．
根据“Then in the early 1800s, the world started to change greatly.”可知，到了19世纪初，世界开始发生巨大变化。故填In the early 1800s, the world started to change greatly.
13．
根据“The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909”可知，直升机在1909年发明，故填Yes, it was.
14．
根据“Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear.”可知，尼龙改变了人们穿的衣服。故填It changed the kind of clothes people wear.
15．
根据“Americans first walked on the moon”可知，美国人第一次在月球上行走，故填Americans first walked on the moon.
Exercise 4
16．When he was thirteen/13 years old.
17．Growing and learning.
18．In Grade 8.
19．He feels very happy.
20．They are Small, Sweet and Simple.
【解析】
本文主要写了李东对自己初中三年学校生活的回顾，介绍了自己的学习情况和对学校生活的感受。
16．
根据“I started my junior high school life at the age of thirteen.”可知十三岁开始初中生活。故填When he was thirteen/13 years old.
17．
根据“Growing and learning were great fun.”可知成长和学习是非常有趣的。故填Growing and learning.
18．
根据“In Grade 8, I won prizes in drawing and English speech competitions.”可知八年级时，他在绘画和英语演讲比赛中获奖。故填In Grade 8.
19．
根据“Whenever I think of my school life, I feel very happy and …”可知他感到很高兴。故填He feels very happy.
20．
根据“I can describe my school as ‘Three Ss’. They are Small, Sweet and Simple.”可知“Three Ss”代表“Small, Sweet and Simple”。故填They are Small, Sweet and Simple.
Exercise 5
21．8./Eight.
22．Because of the strict rules on after-school classes.
23．On July 24.
24．A parent surnamed Zhou.
25．She worried what her son would do after school if both parents had no time to be with him.
【解析】
本文主要讲述了双减政策的政策规定和家长反应。
21．
根据文章第一段中的“Sun Ruifeng, a mother in Beijing, changed some of her plans for her 8-year-old son’s summer vacation”可知，孙瑞凤的儿子八岁了，故填8./Eight.
22．
根据文章第一段中的“ ‘Because of the strict rules on after-school classes, many parents like me choose sports or other projects for developing interests instead,’ Sun said”可知，由于课后课程的严格规定，许多家长和孙瑞凤做了相同的选择，故填Because of the strict rules on after-school classes.
23．
根据文章第三段中的“On July 24, Chinese government made a policy (政策) for primary and junior high school students”可知，中国政府在7月24日制定了双减政策，故填On July 24.
24．
根据文章倒数第三段中的“a parent surnamed Zhou in Guangzhou told Sally, a reporter”可知，Sally采访了广州一位姓周的家长，故填A parent surnamed Zhou.
25．
根据文章倒数第二段中的“A parent surnamed Chen in Shanxi said that although she agreed with the policy, she worried what her son would do after school if both parents had no time to be with him”可知，山西一位姓陈的家长担心如果父母双方都没有时间陪儿子，儿子放学后该做什么，故填She worried what her son would do after school if both parents had no time to be with him.
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