专题10 读写综合之书面表达-广东中考英语必考题型解析及特训练习(含答案解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题10 读写综合之书面表达
2022广东省初中学业水平考试英语试题分析
试题整体变化分析
第六题 读写综合
题号 2022年 2021年
考点 考点
书面表达 81 书信：邀请信（开头和结尾已给出） 半开放写作 书信：给校园广播投稿 半开放写作
书面表达体裁为书信，与2021年的体裁相同，属于应用文体，但书信的开头和结尾均已给出，不要求学生写出书信的格式，只需补充书信内容即可。话题与回答问题的语篇主题结合紧密，贴近学生的校园生活，要求考生写信邀请外教参加户外跑步活动，与回答问题阅读语篇最后一句“Some students are now thinking about inviting their teachers to join them in their daily runs.”相呼应。
【题型分析】
从近几年的广东省中考英语试题来看，书面表达题主要以提示性作文为主，即题目中已为考生提供了写作内容，且内容一般与考生生活贴近，让考生能“有话可说”，考生只需适当地展开合理的想象，把规定的内容用英语表达出来即可。题目中经常要求列举一件生活中的事情，或描述一件自己身边的事例，这是本题的难点。书面表达的写作内容与A部分的回答问题内容相关，所以考生还要注意不能照抄A部分的文字信息。
2016-2021年考点分析
年份 话题 主题 体裁 命题形式
2021 校园生活 为英语广播节目的“听众来信”专栏投稿 应用文（书信类） 提示性作文
2020 人际交往 新冠疫情期间传递关爱 应用文（征文投稿） 半开放性作文
2019 饮食 中国传统食物与传统文化推广 应用文（发言稿） 半开放性作文
2018 社会热点 共享图书馆 应用文（电子邮件） 半开放性作文
2017 人际交往 语言的力量 应用文（演讲稿） 话题作文
2016 学生生活 时间管理 记叙文 话题作文
【写作技巧】
写作技巧1---审题要清、言之有物
写作前一定要充分审题，把题目及提示理解到位，避免“下笔千言，离题万里”的情况。因此，在真正开始写作之前，考生应合理安排时间进行审题构思。考生可从以下4个方面入手：
(1)五步审题法
①审主题。根据题目设定的情景，确定围绕写作的中心话题。
②审体裁。根据所给情景确定应采用的文章体裁（记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等）。
③审题型。中考书面表达可分为：提纲类、图画类、图表类和开放类。每一类题型都有不同的特点，在做题时应采用相应的方法。
④审人称。根据题目设定的情景及提示，确定文章的人称。
⑤审时态。一般来说，一篇特定的文章通常有特定的时态。要根据具体内容，确定文章的基本时态和每个句子的时态。
(2)谋篇布局五要领
①根据审题定层次。给文章划分层次，如总一分，总一分一总。
②理顺思路搭框架。段落的划分要清晰合理。
③充实框架初成形。一个段落如何铺开写，往往由体裁和主题来决定。
④完善细节终成文。正确使用连接词使语言衔接自然、行文流畅。
⑤查漏补缺夺满分。首先，检查内容要点是否完整。一个完整的段落既要有中心，也要有围绕中心的描述。通常要有主题句点出段落的主旨；要有拓展句说明或支持主旨；要有结尾句总结、归纳或概括主旨。之后，检查内容是否有语法和拼写错误。
(3)学会选词两注意
①选词准确达意。要用词贴切，准确表达思想，尤其要注意同义词和近义词。
②用词简明扼要。用常用词，不用偏僻词；用具体词，不用抽象词。
(4)学会写句四方法
①直译法。中考书面表达大多是引导性写作，只要按照所给的图画、表格、提纲等提示内容，结合语法知识和句子结构，直接用英语写出相应的句式即可。
②分解法。把一个句子分成两个或两个以上的句子可以降低出错率。
③合并法。把两个或两个以上的简单句用一个复合句表达能提高文章的可读性。
④迁回表达法。在写句子时，遇见生词或不熟悉的表达，可以在保持原意的基础上，采用不同的表达方式。
写作技巧2---妙用高级词汇和短语
写作技巧3---选用高级句型（状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句及特殊句式）
写作技巧4---巧用衔接词、过渡词
书面表达真题练习及答案解析
（2022·广东·中考真题）
81. 书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作。
假如你叫李明，你所在的跑步俱乐部拟组织一次师生户外跑活动。请你写信给外教布朗先生，邀请他参加此次活动。
内容包括：
（1）写信意图和邀请原因；
（2）活动路线和距离；
（3）活动注意事项（至少两点）。
作文要求：
（1）不能照抄原文：不得在作文中出现真实校名、地点和考生的真实姓名。
（2）语句连贯，词数80词左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。
Dear Mr. Brown,
How are you doing Our running club will go for a run this Saturday morning.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Ming
【答案】
81. 例文
Dear Brown,
We are going to organize an outdoor run for teachers and students. I am writing to invite you to this activity. We all know that you are fond of running, so it is our pleasure if you can come.
We will start from Zhongshan Park and then go around green street for 10 kilometers. There are two places to drink water on the way. If you want to participate, please reply to me before this Friday. Meanwhile, please prepare some comfortable sportswear and shoes. If you have any questions, you can call me. My number is 12345678.
We are looking forward to your participation.
Best regards,
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本文你是一篇说明文，研究表明白天运动对我们更好。
【81题详解】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。要求根据提示内容，邀请布朗先生来参加户外跑活动。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时主要以第一和第二人称来行文，时态用一般现在时和一般将来时。作文可分为三段，第一段说明邀请以及原因；第二段介绍户外跑的距离和注意事项；第三段收尾。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误
三、书面表达练习
Exercise 1
B书面表达
读了谷爱凌的故事，你有怎样的收获；假设你是李华，请你写一篇演讲稿，号召同学们向谷爱凌学习，以梦为马，不负韶华，努力实现自己的梦想。
内容包括：
1.对上述文章简要概述（如：从谷爱凌身上你学到了什么？）；
2.谈谈自己在生活或学习中的类似经历；
3.呼吁年轻人努力实现自己的梦想。
作文要求：
不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
2.语句连贯，词数80个左右，作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear students,
I am Li Hua from Grade Nine. Today, I’m very happy here to share my ideas after reading the passage._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening!
Exercise 2
B．书面表达
12．国家提出了将劳动教育(Labor Education) 纳入中小学国家课程的方案，为鼓励学生积极参加劳动，学校校报英语栏目开设了 “Join us for the Labor Education” 专栏，请你给该专栏投稿。
内容包括：
（1）你是否喜欢劳动及原因；
（2）你参与劳动的一次经历及感受；
（3）呼吁同学们积极参与劳动。
作文要求：
（1）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
（2）语句连贯，字数80个左右，作文的开头已给出，不计入总词数也不必抄写在答题卡上。
As we know, labor is of great importance to all of us.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3
B．书面表达
根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。
如今，各种现代化的发明使我们的日常生活越来越便利。假设你最喜欢的发明是智能手机（smart phone），请你根据以下提示，以“My Favorite Invention”为题，描述你最喜欢的发明。
内容包括：（1）最喜欢的发明：智能手机；
（2）喜欢的原因：①轻巧，方便携带；
②可以打电话，与朋友保持联系：
③能查阅资料，帮助我们学习：
④……
作文要求：（1）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。
（2）语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
My Favourite Invention
Nowadays different kinds of modem inventions make our life more and more convenient.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 4
B书面表达。
30．初中三年，同学们在学校朝夕相处，一定有很多故事吧？你是怎样和同学们相处的呢？请以“Getting on Well With Our Classmates Is Important”为题写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法。内容包括：
1.你和同学相处的感受；
2.分享在学校生活中，你和同学之间发生的最感动的一件事；
3.谈谈怎样才能和同学们和睦相处。
作文要求：
1.不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称、老师和同学的真实姓名。
2.语言连贯，词数 80左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Getting on Well With Our Classmates Is Important
It is important to get on well with our classmates. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 5
36．B．书面表达
“双减”政策是当前的热点话题。假设你是刘方，你校英语俱乐部正举办以“New Policy, New Ways”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
(1)你对“双减”新政策的感受及原因；
(2)你打算如何安排自己的课余生活(至少3点)；
(3)希望同学们找到适合自己的生活方式。
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
(2)语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
New Policy, New Ways
Dear boys and girls,
As we all know, the new policy has come out.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 6
（2022·广东·惠州一中二模）A．回答问题
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。
Enter Nick Spigler’s room and you’ll find the nest of a tree swallow（树燕）and rows of books about birds. Clearly, this 16-year-old boy has his head in the clouds and his feet off the ground.
Several times a week, Ellie Andreen, 15, visits a park near her home to check on her little family. The bluebird boxes she placed there last winter have produced several babies, which Ellie takes care of them like a mother hen.
These young bird-watchers are not the only young people who enjoy birding in the United States county of Harford, Maryland. Several local schools offer programs in ornithology（鸟类学）, even if some kids can’t yet spell the word.
Both Nick and Ellie took up birding early on. They call themselves the Early Birds. Once a month, they join groups of 20 to 30 students to walk through nearby fields before class at 7:30 am, hoping to see a woodpecker（啄木鸟）.
“Being part of the bird club since the second grade made it seem more common than just some strange hobbies,” Nick said. “I had to get up at 6:30 am for the walks. That was for the birds, so I didn’t mind.”
Mary Murray, 65, a leading member of the Harford Bird Club, said, “If kids pay attention to what birds are doing, they will understand the health of their environment.”
1．Where does Ellie Andreen check on her little bluebirds
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．What do several local schools offer
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．Why do both Nick and Ellie walk through nearby fields before class at 7:30 am
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．Did Nick mind getting up early for the birds
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．How will kids understand the health of their environment
_______________________________________________________________________________
6．B．书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作
假如你是李华，正在准备明天英语课堂的“3分钟汇报”，你打算讲述你们小组上周末到滨江公园开展的活动“垃圾分类的调研”，内容包括：
1.活动的目的；
2.调查结果发现垃圾分类存在的两个问题；
3.作为中学生，我们能做些什么。
参考词汇：垃圾分类waste sorting 做调查do a survey 垃圾箱rubbish bin
作文要求：
（1）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名；
（2）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear fellow classmates,
Last weekend, our group went to Binjiang Park to carry out a research on waste sorting.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your listening.
【答案与解析】
Exercise 1
参考范文
Dear students,
I am Li Hua from Grade Nine. Today, I’m very happy here to share my ideas after reading the passage. I am deeply touched by Gu Ailing’s efforts and persistence. I realized that genius really is ninety-nine percent effort and one percent talent.
Her experience reminded me of my own experience learning English. I used to be very shy and did very poorly in English. With the encouragement of my English teacher, I slowly began to change. It was my teacher’s patience and my own hard work that made a great change in my English. I want to be an English teacher in the future and I will do my best to make my dream come true.
We young people must try our best to realize our dream, no matter how big or small it is.
Thank you for your listening!
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇演讲稿。要求根据提示问题，写一篇演讲稿，号召同学们向谷爱凌学习，以梦为马，不负韶华，努力实现自己的梦想。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一和第三人称来介绍，时态综合使用一般现在时和一般过去时。作文可分为四段，第一段介绍从谷爱凌身上你学到了什么；第二段谈谈自己在生活或学习中的类似经历；第三段呼吁年轻人努力实现自己的梦想；第四段收尾。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
Exercise 2
参考范文
As we know, labor is of great importance to all of us. I like doing housework and enjoy doing volunteer work, because in my opinion, through these I can develop basic life skills as well as helping others.
Last week, our head teacher took us to a nearby farm to plant trees. As soon as we arrived there, we quickly began our work. Some tried hard to dig holes, and some put the young trees into the holes carefully. And the others were busy watering the trees. We worked so hard that we finished our work in advance. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we felt happy, forgetting our tiredness.
Labor makes us healthy and confident, so let’s take an active part in labor work.
【解析】
题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。写作时注意一定要紧紧围绕“劳动是重要的”这一主题展开叙述。内容要包括自己是否喜欢劳动及原因，介绍一次自己的劳动经历，对同学提出倡议，即题目要求的内容都要写到。内容要积极向上，条理要清晰。
写作指导：本文写作应该使用第一人称。时态用一般现在时和一般过去时。在写第二部分即参与劳动的经历及感受时，使用一般过去时，选取的事例要典型并符合主题，要记得写感受。
Exercise 3
参考范文
My Favourite Invention
Nowadays, different kinds of modern inventions make our life more and more convenient. Among these inventions, the smart phone is my favorite one. There are some reasons why I like it best.
First, it is so small and light that I can carry it around easily. Second, I can keep in touch with my family and friends by making phone calls. Third, I can also look up some useful information and read live latest news with a smart phone. It is helpful to our study. Fourth, I can listen to music and take pictures anytime I like.
The smart phone is a wonderful invention. It makes my life easier and more colorful.
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“My Favorite Invention”为题，结合提示内容，描述最喜欢的发明。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一和第三人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍为什么认为手机是最喜欢的发明；第三段收尾。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
Exercise 4
参考范文
Getting on Well With Our Classmates Is Important
It is important to get on well with our classmates. As far as I am concerned, I get on well with my classmates. After class, we often discuss the problems and go home together. Sometimes, we will go out together on weekends. We often have lunch together in the canteen, too. It’s so common for us to share food together.
I love my classmates very much and they will help me when I am in trouble. Once, I had a stomachache in gym class. They took my leave for me. And they helped me back to the classroom. What’s more, they also poured hot water for me.
In my opinion, getting along well with classmates is the most basic thing. Because in school, the most contact occurs among students. If we treat others with sincerity, they will do the same to us. The feeling between classmates is the most unforgettable. After graduation, you won’t remember how many papers you did, but you will remember the warm pictures between you and your classmates. So, please take the opportunity to get along well with your classmates.
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文要求以”Getting on Well With Our Classmates Is Important”为题写一篇短文，注意要包含题干提出的三个要点内容。
2.写作指导：本文写作以第一人称为主；时态主要以一般现在时和一般过去时为主；保证语言连贯，无语法和书写错误。
Exercise 5
参考范文
New Policy, New Ways
Dear boys and girls,
As we all know, the new policy has come out. It’s really wonderful news. However, students have to deal with the new challenge of making the best of their time after school. Here are some ways to help us adapt to this big change.
To start with, we’d better make full use of the time at school. We are supposed to concentrate on our lessons and solve all the problems just in time. What’s more, making a good plan at the start of the day can help us better manage our time. In this way, we can feel more focused so that we will be able to finish our homework more effectively. In addition, we should develop some hobbies, but remember to make sure they have no bad effect on your study and health. Lastly, it’s a good idea to offer to help around the house or in the community. Because doing chores and volunteer work can also help improve our responsibilities as well as our confidence.
Hopefully, the policy will surely relieve our study pressure and help us grow up healthily and happily.
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，写作时应承接短文开头，然后介绍“双减政策”对你的影响及原因，然后介绍怎样安排自己的课余生活，最后表达对同学们找到适合自己生活方式的希望，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：本文应该以第一人称和第三人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；介绍“双减政策”时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。
Exercise 6
1．A park near her home.
2．Several local schools offer programs in ornithology.
3．Because they hope to see a woodpecker.
4．No, he didn’t.
5．By paying attention to what birds are doing.
6．例文
Dear fellow classmates,
Last weekend, our group went to Binjiang Park to carry out a research on waste sorting. Here I’m honored to share our experience of how to carry it out.
It aims to let people know what waste sorting is, why we should do it and how to do it. We did a survey to know the waste sorting of each community. We found there were two problems with waste sorting. The first one is that people find it troublesome to divide garbage into four categories and they don’t want to prepare four garbage bins at home. The second one is that there is a time limit for dumping. It’s easy to miss time.
As middle school students, we should call on more people to take part in waste sorting. It is good for our environment as well as the life of our descendants.
Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了两名观鸟爱好者尼克和埃莉的事例说明哈里德学校开设的鸟类学课程可以帮助学生更好地树立环保意识，从而知道怎样去保护环境。
1．
根据“Several times a week, Ellie Andreen, 15, visits a park near her home to check on her little family.”可知，每周都会去她家附近的公园几次看她的小蓝鸟，故填A park near her home.
2．
根据“Several local schools offer programs in ornithology”可知，一些当地学校提供鸟类学课程，故填Several local schools offer programs in ornithology.
3．
根据“Once a month, they join groups of 20 to 30 students to walk through nearby fields before class at 7:30 am, hoping to see a woodpecker.”可知，每个月，他们都会加入20到30名学生组成的小组，在早上7:30上课前穿过附近的田野，希望能看到一只啄木鸟。故填Because they hope to see a woodpecker.
4．
根据“I had to get up at 6:30 am for the walks. That was for the birds, so I didn’t mind.”可知，尼克不介意早起看鸟，故填No, he didn’t.
5．
根据“If kids pay attention to what birds are doing, they will understand the health of their environment.”可知，如果孩子们注意鸟类在做什么，他们就会了解环境的健康状况。故填By paying attention to what birds are doing.
6．
1.题干解读：本文是一篇演讲稿。要求根据提示问题，以“垃圾分类的调研”为主要内容进行写作。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态综合使用一般过去时和一般现在时。作文可分为四段，第一段引出话题；第二段详细介绍活动的目的以及调查结果发现垃圾分类存在的两个问题；第三段介绍作为中学生，我们能做些什么；第四段收尾。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
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