人教版八年级下册Unit 1 What's the matter? Section B 2 (2a-2e) 导学案（含答案）

Section B 2 (2a-2e)
【学习目标】
理解并掌握下列词汇及短语：
New words: ourselves, climber, risk, situation, kilo, rock, knife (knives), blood, mean, importance, decision, control, spirit, death (认读词汇accident, breathe, sunburned,)
Key phrases: be interested in, be used to doing, take risks/take a risk, run out (of), cut off, get out of, give up
理解并掌握下列重点句型:
① Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing.
② As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
③ Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
④ ..., he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
⑤ His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
Grammar:
so that引导的目的状语从句、 时间状语从句等。
能使用英汉词典等工具书帮助阅读理解。
能从文章中找出有关信息，理解大意。能理解事件发生顺序和人物行为。
在生死抉择之际，要有勇气做出正确的决定，两害相权取其轻。
【重点和难点】
1. 本课时出现的生词及表达方式。
2. 阅读2b部分的短文并完成相关要求以及对难句的理解。
【课前预习】
I. 英汉互译。
呼吸困难
2. 习惯于做某事
3. take risks 4. run out (of)
5. 切除 6.离开；从……出来
7. keep on doing sth. 8. be in control of
9. 下定决心 10. 放弃
11. in a difficult situation
12. so that so. . . that
II细读课文注释填空
There were Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
有好多次，阿伦差点因为意外丢掉性命。
After losing his arm, he wrote _________ Between a Rock and a Hard Place.
失去了手臂之后，他写了一本名为《生死两难》的书。
This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot get out of.
它的意思是“处于一个______________的困境之中”。
【合作探究】
Reading
Task 1: Read the passage fast and find the general idea of 2b.
The article is talking about 　　　　.
an accident B. a sport C. a strong-minded person
Task 2: Fast reading.
Read para. 1 carefully and find the answers.
(1) Where does Aron Ralston come from
A. The USA.　 B. China.　 C Japan.
(2) When did Aron Ralston have a serious mountain climbing accident
A. In 1990. B. On April 26, 2003. C. On May 2, 2003.
(3) Who almost lost his life because of accidents
A. The doctor. 　　 B. His wife.　　 C. Aron.
Task 3: Careful reading.
Read Para.2 carefully and fill in the blanks.
On that day, Aron’s arm was 　　　 under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because he could not 　 　 his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water 　　　　out, he knew that he would have to do something to 　　　　his own life. He was not ready to 　　　　that day. So he used his 　　　　to cut off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much　　　　. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
2. Read Para.3 carefully and answer the questions.
(1) After Aron lost his arm, what book did he write
(2) In the book, what did he want to tell the people
☆教材解读☆
探究一
1. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
◆as作介词意为“作为, 当作”, 后跟名词作宾语。
As a pupil, you should study hard. 作为一名学生，你应该努力学习。
◆be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事, to是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词, be也可换成get, become。
He is used to living in the city. 他习惯住在城市。
【拓展】　
used to do sth.过去常常做某事(现在不做了), 过去曾经做某事, 只用于过去时态。
I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
我过去花许多时间与朋友们一起玩游戏。
探究二
2. Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
because of 因为, 是介词短语, 后接名词/代词/动名词, because of 后面不能接从句。而because是从属连词“因为”, 引导原因状语从句。
The football match was put off because of the rain.
=The football match was put off because it rained. 因为下雨, 足球赛延期了。
He didn’t go to the meeting because of his illness. 因为生病, 他没来开会。
探究三
3...., he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
so that相当于in order that, 用作连词短语, 意为“以便, 为的是”, 引导目的状语从句/结果状语从句。
They climbed higher so that they might see farther. 他们爬得更高, 以便看得更远。
【拓展】　
so...that意为“如此……以至……”，so 是副词，其后可跟形容词或副词, 再跟that引导的结果状语从句。
　He spoke so fast that no one could understand him. 他说得太快, 没人能听得懂。
探究四
4. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
keep on doing sth. 继续做某事, 强调动作的反复重复多次, 中间有间隔, 即“一再做某事”。 keep后可接表动态的词, 如walk, write, talk, climb, tell 等。
The old woman kept on telling us the same story.
那个老妇人不停地给我们讲述同样的故事。
They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining.
虽然天正在下雨，他们还是继续在田里干活。
【拓展】　
(1) keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事”, 强调动作的持续不间断, 无停顿, 强调连续性。
He kept writing until his wife came back. 他写呀写一直写到妻子回来。
(2) keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 表示 “阻止某人/物做某事”。
Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor.当心!防止玻璃掉到地板上。
(3) keep sb. doing sth. 使某人处于某种状态。
Our Chinese teacher kept us reading by ourselves the whole class.
整个一节课, 我们的语文老师都让我们自己看书。
Task 4: Retell the article according to the form.
Basic information about Aron ...an American man who is interested in...As a ..., ... is used to....There were many times when... because of...
The serious mountain climbing accident On April 26, 2003,... was caught under a... rock when...Because... not free...,... stayed there for five days. When... ran out, he knew... to save his life. So... knife to cut off...Then,... bandaged... so that... blood. After that,... climbed down...
His book After losing his arm,... a book called...This means being in a difficult situation that... tells of the importance of...His love for... so great that... kept on...
Discussion
After reading the story “He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing”, how do you feel What can you learn from him
Post-reading activities
Task 1: 2c Read the statements and circle True, False or Don’t Know.
1. Aron almost lost his life three times because of climbing accidents. 2. Aron had a serious accident in April 2003. 3. Aron ran out of water after three days. 4. Aron wrote his book before his serious accident. 5. Aron still goes mountain climbing. TRUE FALSE DON’T KNOW TRUE FALSE DON’T KNOW TRUE FALSE DON’T KNOW TRUE FALSE DON’T KNOW TRUE FALSE DON’T KNOW
Task 2:2d Read 2b carefully and answer the questions. Ask and answer in pairs.
1. Where did the accident happen on April 26, 2003
2. Why couldn’t Aron move
3. How did Aron free himself
4. What did Aron do after the accident
5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
Task 3:2e Read the passage (2b) again and put the sentences in the correct order.
　　　 On April 26, 2003, he had a serious mountain climbing accident.
　　　 Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
　　　 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
　　　　He wrote a book about his experience.
　　　　Aron lost half his right arm from the 2003 accident.
☆教材解读☆
探究五
5. Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
give up意为“放弃”, 后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式, 接代词作宾语时, 要把代词放于give和up之间。
This question is too difficult. I shall give it up.
这个问题太难。我要放弃它。
What made you decide to give up smoking
是什么让你决定放弃吸烟的 　　
【课时小结】
本节课我们学习了关于阿伦.罗尔斯顿的经历及其回忆录《生死两难》的文章，我们要学会从阅读资料中提取关键信息等阅读技巧。
【达标检测】
I. 根据句意及首字母，填入适当的单词。
1. What’s the m______ with you
2. Your face looks a bit red, maybe you have a f____.
3. He usually goes to school on f_______.
4. I have a t________, so I want to see a dentist.
5. When you have a stomachache, please l___ down and r____.
6. I get o____ at the next station.
7. He h____ his knee. He should put a bandage on it.
8. Aron almost lost his life because of a________.
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I have two 　　　　(knife) and I can lend one to you.
2. You’ll know the 　 　(important) of reading books one day.
3. Mr.Li 　　　(die) last week and everyone was very sad to hear his 　　　(die).
4. The doctor told him 　　　　(rest) more.
5.He realized that he had made a wrong 　　　　(decide) and he decided　　　　(change) it at once.
III. 根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 没人知道谁掌管着这家俱乐部。
No one knows who is 　　　　　　　　　　　　the club.
2. 流鼻血时, 请把头压低。
Please　　　your head 　　　when you have a nosebleed.
3. 我习惯早餐吃鸡蛋。
I’m 　　　　　　　　　　　　eggs for breakfast.
4.你不必因为这个而冒险。
You don’t have to 　　　　　　　　because of this.
5.我们应该带她去医院照个X光片。
We should　　　　　the hospital to 　　　an X-ray.
IV. 根据课文内容填空
Aron Ralston is an American mountain 1_______. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because 2_______ accident. On April 26, 2003, He found himself in a very dangerous 3_______ when climbing in Utah. On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360- kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by 4_______ in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that 5_______would find him. But when his water ran 6_______, he knew that he would have to do something to 7_______ his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife to 8_______ off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so 9_______ he would not lose too much 10_______. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. His love for mountain climbing is 11_______ great that he kept on 12_______ mountains even after this experience.
【自我评价】
1. 本课我学会了什么？
_______________________________________________________
2. 通过本课的学习，我还有哪些疑问？
_______________________________________________________
参考答案：
【课前预习】
I 1 have problems breathing 2 be/get used to doing sth. 3 冒险
4 用尽；耗尽 5 cut off 6 get out of
7 坚持做某事 8 掌管；管理 9 make a decision
10 give up 11 在艰难的处境中 12以便；如此……以至于
II 1 many times when 2 a book called 3 你无法摆脱
【合作探究】
Task 1: C　Task 2: (1)A　(2)B　(3)C　
Task 3:
1.caught, free, ran, save, die, knife, blood　
2. (1) Between a Rock and a Hard Place.
The importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life.
Post-reading activities
Task 1: 1. DON’T KNOW　2. TRUE 3. FALSE 　4. FALSE　5. TRUE　
Task 2:
1. It happened in Utah, America.　
2. A 360-kilo rock fell on his right arm and trapped it.　
3. He used his knife to cut off half his right arm.　
4. He wrote a book and continued to climb mountains.　
5. It means being in a difficult situation in which all of the choices are bad.　
Task 3: 2 1 5 4 3
【达标检测】
Ⅰ1 matter 2 fever 3 foot 4 toothache 5 lie, rest
6 off 7 hurt 8 accidents
Ⅱ 1.knives　 2.importance　 3.died, death　 4. to rest　 5.decision, to change
III 1. in control of　 2. put, down　 3. used to eating 4. take risks
5. take her to, get
IV 1 climber 2 of 3 situation 4 himself 5 someone
6 out 7 save 8 cut 9 that 10 blood
11 so 12 climbing