人教版八年级下册Unit 1 What's the matter？ 单元教案

Unit 1 What’s the matter
教学目标与要求
话题：健康与急救
功能：1. 能简单谈论健康问题与事故(Talk about health problems and accidents)
A: What’s the matter
B: I have a stomachache.
A: What’s the matter with Ben
B: He hurt himself.
A: Does he have a toothache
B: Yes, he does.
2. 能就健康与安全问题提出简单的建议(Give advice)
A: What should she do
B: She should take her temperature.
A: Should I put some medicine on it
B: Yes, you should./ No, you shouldn’t.
语法：1. 能正确使用“have + (a) + 病症”结构谈论健康问题(Have for talking about healthy problems )
A: What’s the matter with Ben B: He hurt himself. He has a sore back.
A: Do you have a fever B: Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
2. 能正确使用情态动词should提出恰当的建议(Modal verb should/ shouldn’t for suggestions)
He should lie down and rest.
You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
3. 能正确使用反身代词(Reflexive pronouns)
The driver didn’t think about himself.
Did you hurt yourself playing soccer
He hurt himself in P.E. class.
词汇和常用表达：
1. 能正确使用下列词汇：matter, stomachache, foot, neck, stomach, throat, fever, cough, X-ray, toothache, headache, break, passenger, trouble, knee, climber, risk, situation, kilo, rock, knife, blood, importance, decision, control, spirit, death, nurse, lie, rest, hurt, hit, mean, herself, ourselves, off, onto, sick
2. 能正确使用下列常用表达：have a cold, have a stomachache, lie down, take one’s temperature, have a fever, take breaks, get off, to one’s surprise, right away, get into, be used to, take risks, run out (of), cut off, get out of, be in control of, give up
3. 能认读下列词汇：sore, bandage, nosebleed, breathe, sunburned, accident
学习策略：1. 利用事情的发展顺序来辅助理解所阅读的材料
2. 根据情境及上下文推测生词词性及词义，通过查阅词典寻找合理的词义
文化知识：了解阿伦.罗尔斯顿 (Aron Ralston) 的经历及其回忆录《生死两难》Between a Rock and a Hard Place
Section A 1 (1a – 2d)
Teaching objectives
1. To learn to talk about health problems and accidents.
—What’s the matter
—He hurt himself. / I got a stomachache.
—Do / Does (sb) have a (toothache)
—Yes, (sb) do / does.
2. To learn to give advice.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
Step 1 Warming up and new words
1. Look at a picture and learn the parts of the body.
2. Speak up
1) We look with our _______.
2) We listen with our _______.
3) We smell with our_______.
4) We walk with our _______.
5) He carries a big bag on his______.
6) We do _______ exercises to protect our sight.
7) People sometimes shake ______ when they meet for the first time.
8) If you agree, you can nod your ______.
3. New words and phrases.
Step 2 Presentation
1. 1a Look at the picture. Write the correct letter [a-m] for each part of the body.
___arm ___ back ___ ear ___ eye ___ foot
___hand ___ head ___ leg ___ mouth
___ neck ___nose ___ stomach ___ tooth
2. Oral practice
—What’s the matter with him/her
—He /she _________.
3. Look at the picture and answer the questions.
Step 3 Listening
1b Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names 1-5.
Listen to the conversations again and fill in the table.
Step 4 Speaking
1c Look at the pictures. What are the students’ problems Make conversations.
Examples
A: What’s the matter with Judy
B: She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water. She has a very sore throat now.
A: What’s the matter with Sarah
B: She didn’t take care of herself on the weekend. She was playing with her friends at the park yesterday. Then it got windy, but she didn’t put on her jacket. Now she has a cold.
Step 5 Listening
2a Listen and number the pictures [1-5] in the order you hear them.
2b Listen again. Match the problems with the advice.
1 fever a lie down and rest
2 stomachache b drink some hot tea with honey
3 cough and sore throat c see a dentist and get an X-ray
4 toothache d take your temperature
5 cut myself e put some medicine on it
Listen and fill in the blanks.
Some students are talking about problems and giving advice.
In conversation 1, the girl doesn’t look ____, her face looks a bit ______ and her head feels very ______ . Maybe she ______ a fever, she should take her ___________.
In conversation 2, the girl didn’t wear enough warm _______ yesterday, so she has a _______ and a sore _______. Maybe she should drink some hot tea with ______.
In conversation 3, the boy ate _____ ______ at an all-you-can-eat meal last night, so he has a ____________. Maybe he should _____ down and rest.
In conversation 4, the boy has a _________. Maybe he should see a ______ and get an _______.
In conversation 5, the girl cut herself by ________. She should put some ________ on it.
关心他人健康：
What’s the matter (with sb)
What’s wrong (with sb)
患者：
I have a headache.
He has a toothache.
建议：
You/We/He/She/They should do…
You/We/He/She/They’d better do…
Step 6 Speaking
2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.
A: What’s the matter
B: My head feels very hot.
A: Maybe you have a fever.
B: What should I do
A: You should take your temperature.
Step 7 Role–play
1. Imagine you are the school doctor. A few students have health problems. Role-play a conversation between the doctor and the students.
2d Role –play the conversation
2. Answer the questions.
1) What’s the matter with Lisa
2) Did she have a fever
3) What did she do on the weekend
4) What does she need to do
5) What should she do for now
6) What should she do if things don’t get better
3. Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Lisa feels very bad. She played computer games ___________. So she __________ and ___________________. She doesn’t need to ____________________. Instead, she needs to ___________ away from the computer. She should _______ and rest. If her head and neck still hurt, she should _____________.
Step 8 Language points
1. What’s the matter
What’s the matter 与What’s wrong 同义，均意为“怎么了？”，常用来询问疾病、事故伤害等。如果表示某人怎么了，应该用What’s the matter with sb. 或What’s wrong with sb.
如：What’s the matter / What’s wrong with the old man
What’s the matter 的答语通常有以下几种：
①“sb.+have / get / catch a(n)+疾病名称”表示患某种疾病。如：
I have / get / catch a cold.
②“sb.+be / feel +某些形容词”表示某人感到不适。如：I am / feel sick.
③“身体部位+be / feel+某些形容词”表示某部位感到不适。如：
My head is / feels hot.
④“身体部位+hurt”表示某部位痛。如：
My stomach hurts.
⑤“sb.+get+某些动词的过去分词形式”表示受伤。如：
He got sunburned yesterday.
⑥“sb.+hurt / cut+具体部位 / 反身代词”表示伤害。如：
He hurt his arm in the accident.
I cut myself when cooking.
【链接】用来询问疾病、不适或突发情况时，还可用以下句型：
What’s the trouble (with ...)
What happened (to ...)
Is there anything wrong (with ...)
【语境应用】根据括号内的要求完成下列各题。
(1)—________________________________________________
—My brother has a cough. (写出问句)
(2) —What happened to him
—He ___________(切着自己) when cutting the tomatoes. (根据汉语提示补全答语)
2. I have a cold.
have a(n) + 疾病名称，表示患病。常用词组还有:
have a bad cold 重感冒
have a fever 发烧
have a headache 头痛
have a stomachache 肚子痛, 胃痛
have a toothache 牙痛
3. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.
First, a boy came in. He hurt himself in P.E. class. (Section B)
1句：hurt vi. 感到疼痛，身体部位的疼痛。要用疼痛的具体部位作主语。
2句：hurt vt. (使)疼痛；受伤；伤害。肉体上的伤害，和精神情感上的伤害。
hurt oneself 伤着了某人自己
hurt adj. 受伤的。可作定语和表语。
【语境应用】写出hurt词性并翻译。
A. 及物动词 B. 不及物动词
C. 形容词，作定语 D. 形容词，作表语
1) He looked at me with a hurt look.
( ) ___________________
2) Exercising in a wrong way can hurt our body.
( ) ___________________
3) Luckily, you were not hurt in the accident.
( ) ___________________
4) Peter decided to finish the 1,000-meter race although his feet hurt.
( ) ___________________
Step 9 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全所缺单词。
1. Tina is so short that her f can't reach the ground (地面) when she sits down.
2. He had a bad cold and kept c all night.
3. Mandy stopped working and took a r .
4. My mother took me to the dentist because I had a t .
Ⅱ. 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出所缺内容，每空一词（含缩略形式）。
1. She decided _______ _______ _______ _______(休息一下) and have a cup of coffee.
2. My sister ate too many dumplings and ________ ________ _________(胃痛) last night.
3. If he feels hotter than normal, ________ ________ _________ (量一下他的体温).
4. I didn't feel very well, so I _______ _______(躺下) on the bed to have a rest.
Step 10 Homework
Make up a conversation between a doctor and a patient.
Recite the conversation in 2d.
Section A 2 (3a – 3c)
Teaching objectives
1. To read and learn about the story of the bus driver—Wang Ping.
2. To learn to help people when they’re in trouble.
Step 1 Presentation
Look at the picture. What is the matter with him What should he do
Step 2 Reading
Bus Driver and Passengers Save an Old Man
1. Look at the headline and picture. Answer the questions.
What happened to the man lying by the road
What was the person next to him doing
Did this man die
Who do you think is going to save the man
2. 3a Read the passage and answer the following questions.
Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book How do you know
Did the bus driver help the man and the woman
阅读指导
1) 先认真阅读每个题目的意思，弄清要求我们寻找什么信息。
2) 带着问题，再来读短文。在短文中认真寻找我们所需的信息，在有相关内容的地方，应多读几次，认真理解，以找到想要找的信息。
3) 最后 ，再通读一遍，检查一下所找的答案是否正确。
3. 3b Read the passage again and check the things that happened in the story.
1 ____ Wang Ping was the driver of bus No.26 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday.
2 ____ Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.
3 ____ The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right
away.
4 ____ The passagers on the bus did not want to go to the hospital, so only
Wang Ping went with the woman and old man.
5 ____ Some passagers helped to get the old man onto the bus.
6 ____ The old man got to the hospital in time.
4. Fill in the blanks according to the story.
Wang Ping, a bus driver, was going __________ Zhonghua Road when he saw an old man __________ on the side of the road and a woman next to him shouting for help. He stopped the bus without ____________. He got off and asked the woman __________ happened. She said that the man had a heart _________ and should go to the hospital. Wang Ping told the passengers that he must _________ the man to the hospital. He expected the passengers to __________and wait for the next bus. But ____________, they helped him move the man ___________ the bus. ____________ these people, the man was saved in time.
Step 3 Speaking
3c Discuss the questions with a partner.
1. Why was Wang Ping surprised that the passengers agreed to go to the hospital with him
2. Did the passengers think Wang Ping did the right thing How do you know
3. Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble Why or why not
Step 4 Language points
... when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
...... 这时司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture.
see sb. do sth. 看见某人过某事，多强调经常做某事或看到做某事的全过程
e.g. I often see him draw a picture.
【语境应用】完成句子
1) 我看见他时他正在河边玩。
I saw him _______ by the river.
2) 我看见过他在河边玩。
I saw him _____ by the river.
3) 我看着他走过了桥。
I see him ______ across the bridge.
4) 我们看见他独自站在那里，不知做什么是好。
We saw him _________ there alone, not knowing what to do.
2. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.
3. He only thought about saving a life.
观察与思考：
你能看出“without thinking”、“about saving a life” 的共同点吗
共同点：介词 + doing
通常，介词 + 名词/宾格代词/doing
【语境应用】用适当的形式填空。
1) I am fine. What about ____ (she)
2) Thanks for ______ (tell) me the story
3) It is a sunny day. How about _____ (go) fishing
4) It is good to relax by ______ (use) the Internet or _________ (watch) game shows.
4. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.
to one’s surprise 使......惊讶的是，出乎......意料
e.g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam.
Much to everyone’s surprise, the plan succeeded.
5. ... because they don’t want any trouble, ...
当trouble意为“困难；麻烦”时，是不可数名词。如：
I’m sorry to give you so much trouble.
(1) be in trouble意为“有困难；陷入困境”。
如: He always asks me for help when he is in trouble.
(2) get sb. into trouble 意为“使某人陷入困境”。
如: If you come, you may get me into trouble.
(3) 主语 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“某人在做某事方面有困难”。如: I have some trouble (in) reading the letter.
当trouble意为“麻烦事；烦心事”时，是可数名词。如：
She was on the phone for an hour telling me her troubles.
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。
(1) 他认为每天吃饭是一件麻烦事。
He thinks that eating every day is _________.
(2) 你知道你现在为什么处于困境吗？
Do you know why you _____________ now
(3) 我妹妹在学习英语方面有困难。
My sister _____________________ English.
6. Bus No. 26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.
hit (hit, hit) v.（用手或器具）击；打；撞击；碰撞
hit sb.+介词+the+身体部位: 打某人某部位
e.g. hit sb. in the face/eye ... hit sb. on the head/ back ...
hit sb./sth. with sth.用某物击/打某人/某物
hit n. 很受欢迎的人或事物；击；打
make a hit 获得成功；轰动一时
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 去年他的歌轰动一时。
His songs _______ _______ _______ last year．
2) 我打了Mary的脸，她哭了。
I ______ Mary ______ _______ ______ and she cried.
3) 公共汽车撞上了桥，然后掉进了河里。
The bus _______ _______ _______ and then fell into the river.
4) 刚才她用雨伞打他的头。
Just now she _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ with her umbrella.
7. …needed to go to the hospital right away.
right away 意为“立刻；马上”，和 in a minute 意思相近。例如：
I’ll be there right away / in a minute.
另外，right now和 at once也可表示“立刻; 马上”的意思。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。
你必须马上出发。
You must start _________________________________________.
Summary
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
lie on the side of the road 躺在路边
to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
thanks to 多亏；由于
in time 及时
right away 立即；马上
lie down 躺下
get into trouble 陷入困境
get some sleep 睡会觉
wait for 等待
fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌
Step 5 Exercises
根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出所缺短语，每空一词。
1. Mike wants to see you in his office _______ _______(马上).
2. _______ _______ _______(出乎他的意料), his plan worked out fine.
3. Even an experienced climber can _______ _______ _______ (遇到麻烦).
4. Jimmy took a taxi to the hotel after he _______ _______ _______ _______(下了火车).
5. _______ _______(多亏) his help, I finally got there on time.
6. We _______ ________ ________ (同意碰面) again the following Monday.
7. I didn’t _________ _________ ________ __________ (预料到他会待) so long.
8. Will you be able to finish your homework ________ ________ (及时)
Step 6 Homework
Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble Why or why not Write a short passage to show your understanding.
Section A 3 (Grammar focus – 4c)
Teaching objectives
To learn to use “have” to talk about health problems.
To learn to use modal verb should/ shouldn’t for suggestions.
To learn to use reflexive pronouns
Step 1 Revision
Look at the pictures. What’s the matter with him Does he have a fever Does he have a toothache What should he do
What’s the matter with her Does she have a fever Does she have a toothache
Does she have a backache Does she have a sore throat What should she do
What’s the matter with him Does he have a fever Does he have a toothache Does he have a sore throat Does he have a stomachache What should he do
Step 2 Grammar Focus
根据所给汉语意思把句子补充完整。
________________ 怎么了？
I have a ____________. 我胃疼。
You _________ eat so much next time. 你下次不该吃那么多。
What’s the matter with Ben 本怎么了？
He hurt himself. He _____________. 他伤了自己。他背疼。
He should _______________. 他应该躺下休息。
Do you ____________ 你发烧了吗？
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. / I don’t know. 是的。/不，我没有。/ 我不知道。
Does he _______________ 他牙痛吗？
Yes, he does. 是的。
He should __________ and get an X-ray. 他应该去看牙医，做X光检查。
_________________ 她应该怎么做？
She should take her temperature. 她应该量一下体温。
________ I put some medicine on it 我应该先用些药吗？
_____________. 是的，你应该。
_______________. 不，你不应该。
观察与思考
询问疾病、不适及突发状况：
1. What’s wrong (with…)
2. What’s the trouble (with…)
3. What happened (to…)
4. Is there anything wrong (with…)
5. Do you have a(n) + 疾病名称
=Have you got a(n) + 疾病名称
6. Did you catch/get…
表示患病
have/get a(n)+疾病名称 (have更常见)
e.g. have a cold have a fever have a cough get a stomachache
get a toothache
某些搭配中也使用catch，如catch a cold等。
表示不适 be/feel +adj.
be/feel tired be/feel sick be/feel dizzy (晕头转向的) My head feels hot.
get+动词-ed get hurt get cut in the hand get hit by a ball
表示伤害
hurt/cut/break+身体具体部位
hurt my leg cut her finger break his arm
hurt/cut+反身代词
hurt myself cut himself
表达诊治：take/get…(take更常见)
take one’s temperature take some medicine
take an injection (注射) take/get an X-ray
表达就医：see…/go to…
see the dentist/doctor go to a doctor go to (the) hospital
should
should 属情态动词, 后接动词原形, 没有人称和数的变化。用于提出建议劝告别人。
should 的否定形式为 should not, 通常缩写为 shouldn’t。
1. — Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆, 我牙痛。
— You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。
2. — I’m not feeling well these days. I have a bad cough.
这些天我身体不适, 老是咳嗽。
— You shouldn’t smoke so much, I think.
我认为你不该抽这么多烟。
含有should的一般疑问句是将should提至主语前；其简略回答分别为“Yes, 主语（人称代词）+should.”和“No，主语（人称代词）+shouldn’t.”。
3. — Should I put some medicine on it
— Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.
4. — What should she do
— She should take her temperature.
【语境应用】用should的正确形式完成句子
1. — She has a stomachache.
— She __________ eat so much next time.
2. — Should she see a dentist and get an X- ray
— Yes, she _______. / No, she _________.
反身代词
反身代词又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。
英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示：
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
用法
1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示 同一个或同一些的人或事物。
如：Maria bought herself a scarf.
玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。
We must look after ourselves very well.
我们必须好好照顾自己。
2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。
如：She isn’t quite herself today.
她今天身体不太舒服。
3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.
明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。
I met the writer himself last week.
我上周见到了那位作家本人。
4. 用在某些固定短语当中。
照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself
自学 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself
玩得高兴，过得愉快 enjoy oneself
请自用……（随便吃/喝些……） help oneself to sth.
摔伤…… hurt oneself
【温馨提醒】
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。
如：我自己能完成作业。
I myself can finish my homework. /I can finish my homework myself.
2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。I’m drawing with my own crayons.
中考链接
1．Believe in ________ and you can make it.
A．myself B．yourself C．himself D. herself (2022重庆B卷)
2. —Where did you get this sky lantern
—I made it by _______.
A．herself B．itself C．myself (2022四川成都)
3．—What can we learn from Robinson Crusoe
—We should depend on ________.
A．us B．our C．ourselves (2022四川自贡)
4. My grandma can use WeChat (微信). She learns it all by _______ .
A. she B. herself C. her D. hers (2021贵州毕节)
5. —We'll have the P. E. test next week. I feel a little nervous.
—Relax! Believe in ______ and practice more.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself (2021湖北黄冈)
6. —Dad, could you please teach ________ English
—Sure! But it's more important to learn it by ______.
A. my; yourself B. my; you
C. me; you D. me; yourself (2021山东滨州)
7. Don’t play with the knife, or you’ll cut ________.
A. itself B. yourself C. himself (2021湖南株洲)
8. When I face difficulties, I always say to _______, “Never give up!”
A. me B. my C mine D. myself (2021湖北十堰)
9. —Did your parents have a good time during the trip to Shibing
—Yes. They enjoyed______.
A. they B. them C. theirs D. themselves (2021贵州黔东南)
10. Tony, help _______ to some fruit.
A. your B. yourself C. yourselves (2021黑龙江绥化)
Step 3 Practice
4a Fill in the blanks and practice the conversations.
1. A: I hurt ______ when I played basketball yesterday. What _______ I do
B: You ______ see a doctor and get an X-ray.
2. A: _______ the matter
B: My sister and I ______ sore throats. _______ we go to school
A: No, you _________.
3. A: _____ Mike _____ a fever
B: No, he ________. He ____ a stomachache.
A: He _______ drink some hot tea.
4b Circle the best advice for these health problems. Then add your own advice.
1. Jenny cut herself.
She should (get an X-ray / put some medicine on the cut).
My advice: _______________________.
2. Kate has a toothache.
She should (see a dentist / get some sleep).
My advice: ________________________.
3. Mary and Sue have colds.
They shouldn’t (sleep/ exercise).
My advice: ______________________.
4. Bob has a sore back.
He should (lie down and rest / take his temperature).
My advice: ______________________.
4c One student mimes a problem. The other students in your group guess the problem and give advice.
Name Problem Advice
Liu Peng fall down go home and rest
A: What’s the matter Did you hurt yourself playing soccer
B: No, I didn’t.
C: Did you fall down
B: Yes, I did.
D: You should go home and get some rest.
Step 4 Exercises
根据对话内容或汉语提示，在空白处填入恰当的反身代词或句子，使对话完整、通顺。
A: Hey, Brian! Are you enjoying the ice-skating lesson
B: Yeah, I'm really enjoying (1)_______. I didn't know ice-skating was so much fun. (2)________________________________(但是我们应该小心点).
A: Yes, you're right. Let's just hope we don't fall and hurt (3)__________.
B: Haha, I also hope not.
A: Look at those boys over there. It seems that they are preparing (4)_________ for a competition. They look very excited.
B: They are really good at skating. Oh, do you see the girl next to them She introduced (介绍) (5)_________ to me just now. She is cute! And she is looking at you right now.
A: (6)_________________________(我应该跟她问好吗)
B: Of course.
A: But I'm kind of shy. I dare (敢) not say hello to her by (7)_________.
B: OK, let's go together.
Step 5 Homework
Draw a picture of a human body.
Label the body with all the vocabulary terms you know. (eg head, back…)
Add health problems and link them to the body parts. (eg head—headache, back— hurt my back…)
Add health advice for each of the health problems. (eg head—headache—take some medicine…)
Section B 1 (1a-1d)
Teaching objective
To learn to talk about accident injuries and their proper treatments.
He cut his knee, so I washed the cut and put some medicine on it. Then I put a bandage on it.
To listen to a conversation and listen for specific information
Step 1 New words
1. bandage n. 绷带 v. 用绷带包扎
2. sick adj. 生病的；有病的
3. knee n. 膝盖
4. nosebleed n. 鼻出血
5. press v.压；挤；按
Step 2 Presentation
Nowadays there are a lot of unexpected accidents.
What should you do in such situations
First Aid Quiz
1. If you get a nosebleed, gently let your head back to stop the bleeding.
A. True
B. False
(It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking.)
2. To treat a burn, you:
A. Rub (擦) some butter on it.
B. Hold the burnt part under cold running water.
C. Put salt on the burnt part.
3. If someone is having a heart attack, you should first:
A. Call 120
B. Perform CPR (心肺复苏)
Keys: 1. B 2. B 3. B
2. Discussion
Did these accidents happen to you When they happen, what should you do
3. Look and say
— What’s the matter
— _________________________________
_________________________________
— Should he lie down and have a rest
— ______________.
— What’s the matter
— __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
— Should he/she put some medicine on it
— _____________________
— What’s the matter (with her)
— ____________________________
— __________________
— She should put her head down and then press the sides of her nose.
1a. When these accidents happen, what should you do
Put the actions in order.
(1) ____ Put a bandage on it.
____ Run it under water.
____ Put some medicine on it. (Key: 3, 1, 2)
(2) ____ Go to the hospital.
____ Get an X-ray.
____ Rest for a few days. (Key: 1, 2, 3)
(3) ____ Press the sides of your nose.
____ Put your head down.
____ Clean your face. (Key: 2, 1, 3)
Step 3 Listening
1. 1b. Listen to the school nurse. Check the problems you hear.
Problems Treatments Problems Treatments
Someone felt sick. √ Someone had a nosebleed. √
Someone cut his knee. √ Someone hurt his back.
Someone had a fever. Someone got hit on the head. √
Listening for the general idea.
The general idea of 1b is about ____
A. a school nurse’s problems
B. problems and treatments
(治疗，疗法，诊治)
Key: B
Listen and choose T or F.
1 Jenny is a school nurse.
2 The boy felt sick and fell down because of the hot sun.
3 Jenny told the girl to put her head up. up —down
4 The boy got hit on the head by a basketball. basketball-baseball bat
5 There are three sick students mentioned in the conversation. three-four
Keys: TTFFF
4. 1c. Listen again. Write the letter of each treatment next to the problems you checked
in the chart above.
a. put a bandage on it
b. took his temperature
c. told him to rest
d. put some medicine on it
e. took him to the hospital to get an X-ray
f. told her to put her head down.
Problems Treatments Problems Treatments
Someone felt sick. √ b, c Someone had a nosebleed. √ f
Someone cut his knee. √ d, a Someone hurt his back.
Someone had a fever. Someone got hit on the head. √ e
Listen again and fill the blanks.
T=Teacher N=Nurse
T: Hello, Jenny! You look tired.
N: Well, today was a busy day in my office. One boy hurt himself in P.E. class.
T: What happened
N: He was _________ under the hot sun and then he _______ sick and fell down.
T: Yes, the weather is very hot today.
N: He cut his knee, so I __________the cut and put some medicine on it. Then I put a bandage on it.
T: Was the cut _________
N: Not really, but I also took his temperature. Luckily he didn't have a fever. I told him he should ________.
T: What ________ happened
N: One girl had a nosebleed. I told her to put her head down and then ________the sides of her nose. Oh, and another boy ________ hit on the head with a baseball bat.
T: That sounds bad. I hope he's OK...
N: I hope so, too. He was taken to the hospital to get an X-ray.
Keys: running felt washed serious rest else press got
Step 4 Speaking
1d. Role-play a conversation between the nurse and the teacher. Use the information
in 1b and 1c.
A: Who came to your office today
B: First, a boy came in. He hurt himself in P.E. class.
A: What happened
B: He has a nosebleed.
Step 5 Discussion
How to give advice in an accident
It is more complicated to deal with the accident injuries, so we should give others advice step by step.
可通过使用first和second等序数词来表达动作的先后顺序。也可用then, finally等来说明具体的步骤。
Step 6 Retell
Retell the listening material according to the table.
Example
Hello, I'm the nurse. Let me tell you what happened. A boy felt sick, I took .......
I hope they'll be better soon.
Step 7 Language points
Someone felt sick. 有人觉得不舒服。
sick adj. 生病的；有病的
辨析 sick & ill
【语境应用】根据句意用ill或sick填空。
1) The driver sent the ________ baby to the hospital.
2) My brother is ________. I have to look after him at home.
Step 8 Summary
run it under water 在水下冲洗它
rest for a few days 休息几天
press the sides of your nose 压住鼻子两侧
put your head down 低下头
clean your face 洗脸
get hit on the head 头部受到撞击
Step 9 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
1. A young boy fell from a tree and ________(受伤) his legs.
2. The car ________ (撞) a tree and stopped.
3. The mother cared for the ________ (生病的) child day and night.
4. She fell down and cut her ________ (膝盖)．
5. You needn't go there. Have a good ________(休息) at home.
II. 排序，组成符合逻辑的对话。
____ Is it anything serious
____My head hurts. I feel terrible.
____Please sit down. Let me have a look at you.
____What’s wrong with you, young man
____No, nothing serious. Take this medicine, and you can be better soon.
Step 10 Homework
Write a short passage about the accidents happened in your P.E. class.
Preview the article He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing.
Section B 2 (2a-2e)
Teaching objectives
To learn the story of Aron Ralston-- a great climber’s unusual experience.
To do some exercises after reading
Review
Health and first aid
Health problems and injuries
Advice and treatments
Step 1 New words
breathe v. 呼吸
sunburned adj. 晒伤的
climber n. 登山者
be used to 习惯于……；适应于
risk n.& v. 危险；风险；冒险
take risks/ a risk 冒险
accident n. （交通）事故; 意外遭遇
rock n. 岩石
situation n. 情况；状况
kilo n. 千克，公斤
knife n. 刀
blood n. 血
run out (of) 用尽，用完
control n. & v. 限制；约束；管理
be in control of 掌管；管理
spirit n. 勇气；意志
mean (meant) v. 意思是；打算；意欲
get out of 离开；从……出来
importance n. 重要性；重要
decision n. 决定；抉择
death n. 死；死亡
give up 放弃
Step 2 Lead-in
Do you like climbing mountains
Do you know Aron Ralston
Do you know the story of him
He is a mountaineering enthusiast (登山爱好者).
Aron Ralston毕业于卡内基梅隆大学机械工程系，2002年从英特尔辞职后立志在冬季登遍科罗拉多州的高山，成功攀登了58座高峰。 Aron Ralston在2003年5月峡谷探险时遇到意外，右臂被夹在石缝中无法动弹，他只好借由身体的力量靠在峡谷岩壁上，这样支撑了5天之后，他突然想出了一个匪夷所思的办法，用小刀割断自己的手臂，并且成功地救了自己。断肢六小时后由直升机救走，抢救医生说：再晚一个小时获救的话Aron Ralston就会因失血过多而不治。2004年Aron Ralston出版的回忆录Between a Rock and a Hard Place (《生死两难》)中详尽叙述了这段惊心动魄的经历！而他的真实经历也被拍成电影《127 Hours》。
Step 3 Presentation
2a. Accidents or problems can sometimes happen when we do sports. Write the letter
of each sport next to each accident or problem that can happen.
A = soccer B = mountain climbing C = swimming
__ fall down __ have problems breathing
__ get hit by a ball __ get sunburned
__ cut ourselves __ hurt our back or arm
Step 4 Reading
2b. Read the passage and underline the words you don’t know. Then look up the
words in a dictionary and write down their meaning.
阅读指导：
Finding the Order of Events
Writers describe events in a certain order. Finding the order of the events will help you understand what you are reading.
Reading tasks:
Complete the chart according to the passage.
2c. Read the statements and circle True, False or Don’t Know.
1 Aron almost lost his life three times because of climbing accidents. True False Don’t know
2 Aron had a serious accident in April 2003. True False Don’t know
3 Aron ran out of water after three days. True False Don’t know
4 Aron wrote his book before his serious accident. True False Don’t know
5 Aron still goes mountain climbing. True False Don’t know
2d. Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. Where did the accident happen on April 26, 2003
2. Why couldn’t Aron move
3. How did Aron free himself
4. What did Aron do after the accident
5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
2e. Put the sentences in the correct order. Then use them to tell Aron’s story to your partner. Try to add other details from the reading.
1. On April 26, 2003, he had a serious mountain climbing accident.
2. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
3. Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
4. He wrote a book about his experience.
5. Aron lost half his right arm from the 2003 accident.
Fill in the blanks.
Aron Ralston is an American mountain 1_______. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because 2___ accident. On April 26, 2003, He found himself in a very dangerous 3_______ when climbing in Utah. On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360- kilo rock that fell on him when was climbing by 4_______ in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that 5____ would find him. But when his water ran 6______, he knew that he would have to do something to 7___ his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife to 8___ off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so 9___ he would not lose too much 10_____. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. His love for mountain climbing is 11____ great that he kept on 12_____ mountains even after this experience.
Step 5 Language points
1. have problems breathing 呼吸困难
breathe v. 呼吸
e.g. Relax and breathe deeply. 放松，深呼吸。
breath n. 吸气量，一口气
take a deep breath 做深呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
e.g. The doctor asked May to take a deep breath.
Let’s hold our breath and see what will happen.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 鸟儿在自由地呼吸。
The birds are breathing freely.
2) 生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。
People living here breathe dirty air every day.
3) 当你紧张的时候，你可以做一下深呼吸。
When you are nervous, you can take a deep breath.
2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一位登山者，阿伦已习惯冒险。
be used to 习惯于…… to是介词，其后接名词或动名词短语
e.g. He is used to falling asleep with such noises around him.
e.g. There is no much risk of your catching cold if you keep warm.
They got there at the risk of their lives.
She decided to risk everything on the project.
They may even risk losing their homes.
When people start smoking, they don’t realize that they’re risking their health.
【语境应用】将下列英语句子翻译成汉语。
1) Their children are at high risk of getting the disease.
他们的孩子患此病的风险很高。
2) Don’t take the risk of walking home alone at night.
不要冒险晚上独自走回家。
3) Smoking can increase (增加) the risk of heart disease.
吸烟会增加患心脏病的风险。
4) Jack risked his life to save me in the accident.
Jack冒着生命危险在事故中救我。
3. 3. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但是，当他的水喝光之后，他明白必须要做些什么来拯救自己了。 run out 用尽；耗尽
辨析run out & run out of
e.g. Last week, my money ran out.
They ran out of fresh water yesterday.
【语境应用】用run out或run out of的适当形式填空。
1) We __________ all the salt because of that big dinner.
2) My salt __________ yesterday. Can you lend (借给) me some
4. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.
于是他用刀子切断了自己半条右臂。
cut off 切除；停掉；中断
e.g. He decided to cut off his beard.
The earthquake cut off our water supply.
【拓展】cut 短语
cut up 切碎
cut down 砍倒
cut off, cut up, cut down
【语境应用】用所给短语完成句子。
1) You mustn’t _________ the trees here.
2) My mother will _________ some meat to make dumplings for us.
3) He was so careless that he _________ his finger at work.
5. After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place.
在失去胳膊后，他写了一本名为《生死两难》的书。
between a rock and a hard place:
在艰难或危险的处境下从两难中进行选择，左右为难；进退两难
e.g. If I take the bus to the cinema, I’ll be late for the film, but if I drive, I’ll have no place to park, I’m really caught between a rock and a hard place.
6. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. 书名的意思是一个人身陷似乎无法解脱的困境之中。
mean v. 意思是; 打算，意欲
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean to do sth. 打算/意欲去做某事
e.g. I didn’t mean to upset you. 我并不是要让你不高兴。
My new job will mean travelling all over the world.
我的新工作需要在世界各地到处跑。
常见的mean的句型有：
What does / do sth. mean = What’s the meaning of sth. 某物是什么意思？
What do you mean by ... 在这个句型中，by后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
当by后跟名词或代词时，……是什么意思？
当by后跟动词-ing形式时，你做某事有什么目的？/ 你为什么做某事？
【拓展】
meaning n. 意思，意义
meaningful adj. 有意义的，意味深长的
meaningless adj. 没有意义的
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Without more data (数据) we cannot make a(n) __________ (meaning) comparison (对比) of the two systems.
2) I’m sure there’s no hidden ________ (mean) in what he says.
3) I ________________ (不打算)take a taxi but I had to because I was late.
7. Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. 阿伦讲述了正确抉择以及自我掌控命运的重要性。
decision n. 决定；抉择
make a decision / make one’s decision / come to a decision/ arrive at a decision 做决定
e.g. She has had to make some very difficult decisions.
【拓展】
decide v. 决定
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
e.g. Tina decided to go to Rome for her holidays.
Tina决定去罗马度假。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
1) 她常常需要做一些很难的决定。
She usually has to ________ some very ________________.
2) 我们花了好几个月时间才做出这个决定。
It took us months to _________________________________________________.
control n.& v. 限制；约束；管理
常用于以下短语：
in control of ... 控制…… ；管理……
lose control of ... 失去对……的控制
e.g. It proved that the machine is not easy to control.
My dad is in control of this bookshop.
She lost control of her car on the ice.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 没人知道谁在管理这个俱乐部。
Nobody knows who is _______ _______ _______ the club.
2) Peter如此难过以至于失去了控制。
Peter was so sad that he _______ _______ _______ himself.
3) 对他来说，同时操作两台电脑是一项艰巨的任务。
It's a hard task for him to _______ _______ __________ at the same time.
8. Let’s think about it before we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”, and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death. 在发现自己处于生死两难的境地及面对生死抉择之前，让我们先思考一下吧！
death n. 死；死亡 (不可数名词)
e.g. I always feel very sad when thinking of my grandpa’s death.
【链接】
die v. 消失；灭亡；死亡
现在分词 dying
过去式 died
【语境应用】用die, death, dying填空。
1) Her uncle is seriously ill, and he may _______ soon.
2) All the villagers were very sad when they heard of the policeman’s _______.
3) I think the sick man is _______.
Step 6 Summary
have problems breathing 呼吸困难
get sunburned 晒伤
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事
take risks 冒险
give up 放弃
lose one’s life 失去生命
by oneself 独自
because of 由于
run out (of sth.) 用完(某物)
be ready to do sth. 准备好(做某事)
get out of 离开；从……出来
cut off 切除
be in control of 掌管；管理
between a rock and a hard place 左右为难；进退两难
make a decision 做决定
in a difficult / dangerous situation 处于困境中/危险的境地
Step 7 Exercises
Ⅰ. 根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，注意形式变化。
climb, die, blood, kilo, nurse, we, spirit, mean, important, knife
1. We sat around the fire to keep _______ warm.
2. Five of the mountain _______ reached the top of the mountain before dark.
3. I need two _______ of apples and some sugar.
4. Anna likes spending time with her family. She says her family _______ everything to her.
5. It's necessary to let your kids know the _______ of healthy eating habits early in life.
6. His uncle died because he lost a lot of _______ in an accident.
7. These fruit _______ are very good for peeling apples.
8. I always feel sad when I think of my grandma's _______.
9. My grandpa is 85, but he still feels young in _______.
10. —Do you want to play doctors and _______
—Yes, but we also need a patient (病人).
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 如果他把枯花剪掉的话，他的植物可能再次开花。
His plant might bloom again if he _______ _______ the dead flowers.
2. 在和我父母讨论这件事之前，我不能做决定。
I cannot _______ _______ _______ before I discuss this with my parents.
3. 你不能拿别人的钱冒险。
You can't _______ _______ with other people's money.
4. 在我答复你之前请给我时间让我权衡利弊。
Give me time to _______ _______ before I give you an answer.
5. 你准备好点菜了吗？
_______ _______ _______ _______ order
6. 那个司机下了车，开始朝我喊了起来。
That driver _______ _______ _______ the car and began shouting to me.
7. 我没有完成这次数学测验，因为我没时间了。
I didn't finish this math test because I _______ _______ _______ _______.
8. 如果你进退两难，你可以向Mr. Li寻求帮助。
If you are _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______, you can turn to Mr. Li for help.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思及括号内所给英文提示语，将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 警察控制住了局势。 (be in control of )
________________________________________
2. 把食物放在桌子上，这样每个人都能吃。 (so that)
________________________________________
3. Judy几个月前放弃吃肉了。 (give up)
________________________________________
4. 我不习惯这么早起床。 (be used to)
________________________________________
5. 他摔倒时伤了右腿。 (hurt)
________________________________________
Step 8 Homework
Summarize the story of Aron Ralston in 70 words. Use as many new words and expressions in this unit as you can.
Section B 3 (3a-Self check)
Teaching objectives
To learn to write a conversation about health problems.
To check the words and expressions of this unit.
Step 1 Writing (Conversation)
Look and discuss
What’s the matter with the student in the picture
What is the school nurse doing in the picture
What should the student do after the treatment What shouldn’t she do
What other accidents or health problems do we often have in school
3a Imagine you are the school nurse and a student just had an accident or a health problem. Make notes about what he/she should and shouldn’t do
Accident or health problem He / She should He / She shouldn’t
have a sore back lie down and rest do sports
have a fever take some medicine …
have a sore throat drink some hot tea …
have a toothache see a dentist …
cut oneself put some medicine on it …
3b Write a conversation between the nurse and the student using the notes in 3a. Use the question and phrases below to help you.
What’s the matter / What happened / Are you OK
No, I don’t feel well./ I feel…/ I have a …/ Should I …
You should …/ You shouldn’t…
fell down/ got hit by …/ cut myself / hurt my…
【审清题目】
内容：记录护士和病人之间的对话；根据病人描述的健康问题，护士提出相关应对方法及建议。
文体：对话。这种语篇的结构特征是：
◆遵循“轮流规则”，即在进行交谈时，轮流讲话，轮流发言。
◆对话是一个回合接着一个回合，一个话题接着一个话题，话语进程基本上是直线发展的。
◆语言符合口语特征，一些补白表达，如well, yeah, you know等的使用会使对话自然、流畅。
时态：一般现在时和一般过去时
人称：第一人称和第二人称
【头脑风暴】
Useful expressions
Health problems Advice
feel tired / sick / bad, have a headache / sore throat / cough lie down and rest, get some sleep, drink more water
feel hot, have a fever / cold / temperature, catch flu take some medicine, take one's temperature
have a stomachache drink some hot tea with honey, don't eat too much food, take some medicine
have a toothache see a dentist and get a tooth X-ray, brush teeth three times a day, don't eat too much sweet (甜的) / too cold / too hot food
hurt one's leg / back / knee / oneself, cut one's finger put some medicine on it, go to the hospital, put a bandage on it, run your leg / finger / ... under water
have a nosebleed press the sides of your nose, put your head down
Useful sentences
What's the matter / What's the problem
What's wrong with you (你哪儿不舒服)
Are you OK
I don't feel well.
What should I do
Should I ...
Do I need to ...
You need to ...
You should ...
Pair work. Role play the conversation with your partner.
Sample writing
Nurse: Are you OK
Student: No, I don’t feel well. I have a bad headache. What should I do
Nurse: You have a fever. You have a bad cold.
Student: What should I do Should I take some medicine
Nurse: You shouldn’t be in school today. You should go home now, take this medicine, and get some rest.
Student: Thank you. I’ll go home right now.
Step 2 Self-check
1. Write different health problems next to the body parts. Then write more health
problems you know of .
Head: _________________________
Back: _________________________
Throat: ________________________
Tooth: _________________________
Stomach: _______________________
Other problems: _________________
2. Put these questions and answers in order to make a conversation.
___ I hurt myself playing soccer. I have a sore leg.
___ What should I do
___ I think you should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
___ OK, thanks. I’ll do that now.
___ What’s the matter
___ Oh, that doesn’t sound good.
3. Write advice for these people.
1) Problem: Alan cut himself.
Advice:______________________
2) Problem: Cindy has a headache.
Advice:__________________________
3) Problem: My cousins have bad colds.
Advice:________________________________
4) Problem: Jack hurt his back playing volleyball.
Advice:________________________________
Step 3 Exercises
根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式。
risk, cough, break, trouble, danger, climb, situation, control, spirit, die
Samuel Gibson has a kind of bone disease (骨病) called ciwawa in Chinese. That means his bones are not strong (强壮) enough and (1)_______ very easily. When he was a baby, life was very difficult for him and his family. He couldn't walk or run; even when he (2)_______ or sneezed (打喷嚏), there was a (3)_______ of breaking his bones. What a poor boy! This disease brought so much (4)_______ to him and his family. He was confined to (限制到) a wheelchair (轮椅) every day. Although the (5)_______ was hard for him, he never gave up.
He did lots of things that were impossible for him. He went to different places such as mountains and forests in his wheelchair. He even made a new kind of wheelchair called Ezi-Riser. What's more, he took part in some (6)_______ sports to get money for those who had the same disease as him. He became a runner as well as a mountain (7)_______. He fell out of his wheelchair when he was taking part in a running event and died in 2016.
His (8)_______ made people feel very sad. He was small in body, but big in (9)_______. He taught us an important lesson: Where there is a will, there is a way. Everyone can (10)_______ his life and make it meaningful.
Step 4 Homework
1. Write a conversation between the nurse and the student using the useful
sentences in 3b.
2. Remember the words, phrases and sentences in this unit.