人教版八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c) 导学案（含答案）

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room
Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)
【学习目标】
理解并掌握下列词汇及短语：
New words: pass, borrow, lend, finger, hate, chore, while
Key phrases: pass sb. sth., lend sb. sth., borrow sth. from sb.
理解并掌握下列重点句型:
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie
No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk
OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish
Yes, sure.
3. Grammar: 掌握情态动词could表达有礼貌的提出要求及请求准许的用法
4. 理解并掌握Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。
5. 养成主动地去帮助做杂务，分担家务的习惯。
【重点和难点】
1. New words and key phrases.
2. The sentences in Grammar Focus.
3. 复习、巩固表示委婉请求和应答的句型。
【课前预习】
I. 重点单词
1. 给；递； ___________________
2. 借；借用 ___________________
3. 借给；借出 ___________________
4. 手指 ___________________
5. 厌恶；讨厌 ___________________
6. 杂务 ___________________
7. 与……同时 ___________________
II. 重点词组
8. get something to drink _____________
9. watch one show _____________
10. ____________ 闲逛
11. ____________ 把某物传给某人
12. ____________ 把某物借给某人
13. get sth. wet ______________
14. ____________ 讨厌做某事
15. do chores ______________
16. ___________ 带顶帐篷来
III. 翻译
17. Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
_________________________________________________________
18. Could we get something to drink after the movie
No, you can’t .You have a basketball game tomorrow.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
19. Could you please take the dog for a walk
OK, but I want to watch one show first.
___________________________________________________________
20. Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
____________________________________________________________
【合作探究】
StepⅠ. Lead in
Step II. Grammar Focus
Translate the sentences in the box and try to remember them. Then practice them in pairs. Finally make up more similar dialogues.
Step III. Practice
4a Translate the sentences from 1 to 5, and then decide whether they are Requests or Permissions. Then match each one with the correct response. Finally practice the dialogues.
1.　　　　 Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
2.　　　　 Could you please pass me the salt
3.　　　　 Could I borrow that book
4.　　　　 Could you help me do the dishes
5.　　　　 Could you lend me some money
a. Yes, here you are.
b. Hmm. How much do you need
c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night.
d. Yes, but don’t come back too late.
e. No, I can’t. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
☆教材解读☆
探究一
1. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
hang out意为“闲逛；消磨时间”，与hang around/about同义。
She is always hanging out in the street in her spare time.
她没事总爱在街上闲逛。
探究二
2. Could you please pass me the salt
本句中pass sb. sth.相当于pass sth. to sb., 表示“把某物递给某人”。
Please pass me the ball. =Please pass the ball to me.
请把球传给我。
【注意】
pass on意为“传递”, 仅指传递某物, 其主语必须是人, 此时相当于pass。pass与on属于“动词+副词”结构, 故接代词it/them时要放在pass与on中间, 接名词时放后面、中间都可以。
Li Lei quickly passed it on to Li Hua.
李磊迅速地把它传给了李华。
探究三
3. Could I borrow that book
borrow v. 借; 借用
【辨析】　borrow, lend, keep
(1) borrow对于动词的主语来说是“借入”，表示“借他人的东西自己使用”时，与介词from搭配，常用于borrow sb. sth. 或borrow sth. from sb./sp.结构中。
Did you borrow money from her 你向她借过钱吗
(2) lend对于动词的主语来说是“借出”，表示“将自己的东西借给别人使用”时，与介词to搭配, 常用于lend sb. sth.或lend sth.to sb.结构中。
Could you lend your English book to me
你能把你的英语书借给我吗
(3) keep 作“借”讲时，是延续性动词，通常表示“借了某物多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用；而lend和borrow是非延续性动词，不能够与表示一段时间的状语连用。
You can keep the book for three weeks. 这本书你可以借三周。
Step IV. Role-play and practice
4b Fill in the blanks in the conversation. Finally practice the dialogue.
A: I hate to ________ chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.
A: Really Great! ________ I ask you to ________ me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: ________ you please ________ my clothes for me
B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!
A: OK. Then ________ you ________ do the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But ________ we go to the movies after that
A: Sure. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we can go
to the movies.
☆教材解读☆
探究四
4. I hate to do chores.
hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事，表示某次具体行为或动作。
hate doing sth.表示“不愿意做某事，不喜欢做某事”，指泛指的行为，是经常或习惯性行为或动作。
I hate to see you in such low spirits.
我讨厌看到你这么情绪低落的样子。
She hates smoking in her room.
她不喜欢在她房间吸烟。
探究五
5. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.
while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而。
While I was doing some washing, my wife was looking after our little baby.
当我洗衣服时, 我的妻子在照料我们的小孩。
【辨析】　while, when
(1) while 在……期间；当……的时候。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是延续性动词。while用于表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的, 常对同类的两个动作进行对比。
I was writing a letter while Mom was watching TV.
妈妈在看电视的时候，我在写信。
(2) when当……的时候，表示瞬间的动作，也可指一段时间。主句和从句的动作可以同时发生(即:所在句的动作发生时，另一动作正在进行)，也可以先后发生。when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。
I was having the piano lesson when he came in. 当他进来时我正在上钢琴课。
Step V . Group work
Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart in 4c. You can use the dialogue to help you:
A: Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could you please...
C: Sorry, I can’t. I have to...
【课时小结】
本节课复习了表示委婉请求和应答的句型。
单词：pass， borrow， lend， finger， hate， chore， while
词组：pass sb. sth., lend sb. sth., borrow sth. from sb.
句型：The sentences in Grammar Focus
【达标检测】
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. She looked up in _____________ (surprised) when I shouted.
2. Neither of the books _____________ (be) interesting. I won’t buy either of them.
3. Could you please _____________ (not close) the door
4. Could I _____________ (go) out for dinner with my friends
5. Tom will give us a report as soon as he _____________ (arrive).
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成句子。
6. 借给我一些钱好吗
Could you _____________ some money
7. 昨天我从图书馆借了一本书。
I __________ a book ___________ the library yesterday.
8. 她没做任何家务, 我也没做。
She did not do any housework and _____________.
9. 我扔下包去了起居室。
I _____________ my bag and went to the living room.
10. 她一见到这所房子就喜欢上它了。
She fell in love with the house _____________ she saw it.
Ⅲ. 句型转换。
11. —Could I listen to music in the hallways (作肯定回答)
—___________, you _____________.
12. Could I borrow a pen from you, John (同义句转换)
Could you ___________ your pen __________ me, John
13. Many people don’t like to write letters today. (同义句转换)
Many people _______ ________ _________ letters today.
14. How about going out for dinner with Bill (用could改写句子)
____________ we _______ ________ for dinner with Bill
15. Could you please clean the dining hall (改为否定句)
Could you please _______ _________ the dining hall
Ⅳ. 单项填空
Sometimes most of us probably are angry ________ our friends, parents or teachers.
A. to 　　 B. with 　　 C. at 　　 D. for
17. —How do you get to school by bus or by subway
—________. I get to school in my father’s car.
A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither
18. My father was preparing for his speech ________ my mother was doing some
washing last night.
A. before B. while C. after D. until
19. —Can I ________ your bike
—With pleasure. But you mustn’t ________ it to others.
A. lend, borrow B. borrow, lend
C. lend, lend D. borrow, borrow
20. ________ of my parents likes rock music. They think that it’s too noisy.
A. Both B. None C. Neither D. All
21. —English isn’t as ________ as Chinese.
—Maybe, perhaps it’s just because Chinese is your native language.
A. easy B. easily C. easier D. easiest
22. I can’t play the piano, and ________.
A. neither can my sister B. my sister can’t, too
C. or can’t my sister D. can my sister, either
23. Sally took a photo of her friends while they ________ computer games.
A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing
24. —Do you like to ________ your bed
—No, I hate to ________ chores.
A. do, do B. do, make C. make, do D. make, make
25. —When will you return the book to me
—I’ll give it to you ________ I finish it.
A. once B. until C. as soon as D. unless
【自我评价】
1. 本课我学会了什么？
_______________________________________________________
2. 通过本课的学习，我还有哪些疑问？
_______________________________________________________
参考答案：
【课前预习】
I. 1. pass 2. borrow 3. lend 4. finger 5. hate 6. chore 7. while
II. 8. 买些喝的东西 9. 看一个节目 10. hang out
11. pass sb. sth./ pass sth. to sb. 12. lend sb. sth. /lend sth. to sb.
13. 把某物弄湿 14. hate to do sth.
15. 做杂务 16. bring a tent
III. 17. 我可以和朋友出去吃饭吗？当然可以，这应该是可以的。
18. 看完电影后我们可以去买些喝的东西吗？不，不可以，你明天有篮球比赛。
19. 你可以去遛一下狗吗？可以，但是我想先看一个节目。
20. 你可以去倒垃圾吗？当然可以。
合作探究
Step III 【Keys】　1.P,d　2.R,a　3.P,c　4.R,e　5.R,b
Step IV 【Keys】do; Could, help; Could, fold; could, please; could
【达标检测】
Ⅰ. 1.surprise　 2. is/are　 3. not close　 4. go　 5. arrives
Ⅱ. 6. lend me　 7. borrowed, from　 8. neither did I　
9. threw down 10. as soon as
Ⅲ. 11. Yes, can　12. lend, to　 13. hate to write　 14. Could, go out　
15. not clean
Ⅳ. 16. B　 17. D　 18. B　 19. B　 20. C　
21. A　 22. A　 23. D　 24. C 　25. C