【人教2023中考英语一轮复习】教材分主题读写综合训练15. 八(下) Units 9～10 —环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为课件（共41张PPT）

(共41张PPT)
中考英语
一轮复习课件
人教版
八年级(下) Units 9～10
人教版2023中考英语第一轮复习
完形填空
1
阅读理解 第一节
2
阅读理解 第二节
3
综合填空
4
以读促写
5
人与自然—环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为
Ever since “Mother Nature”gave me life, I expected to grow tall and big.
As a young 1 ， I was well protected in the forest.
( )1. A. tree B. fish C. girl D. boy
一、完形填空(2022宜昌)(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分 )
A
I used to 2 a good time with my friends under the blue sky and
3 the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal, Tim often said, “All I ask for is to be 4 the whole day.”
( )2. A. choose B. forget C. have D. miss
( )3. A. in B. along C. under D. on
( )4. A. smart B. happy C. busy D. thin
C
B
B
More than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until one day,
our 5 birthday, people came, moved us from the 6 and put us on their trucks. “I don't want to go！” Tim cried.
After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place
with 7 green.
( )5. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
( )6. A. beach B. lake C. house D. earth
( )7. A. all B. nothing C. anything D. everything
A
D
B
长难句分析
Until one day, our first birthday, people came, moved us from the earth and put us on their trucks.
提主干：people came, moved us and put us on their trucks.
析成分：本句为简单句。Until one day为时间状语；our first birthday为插入语；from the earth在句中作地点状语；and连接三个并列谓语came, moved us from the earth和put us on their trucks。
句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从泥土里搬走并装在了他们的卡车上。
Here we were planted in a line. 8 the wind blew strongly, I could not even open my eyes to see Tim 9 beside me. So we needed enough 10 to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind.
( )8. A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. Until
( )9. A. clearly B. greatly C. kindly D. widely
( )10. A. desert B. wind C. sand D. water
C
A
D
As time went by, we finally 11 much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind！I even found the blue sky was back!
This was no longer a no man's land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his 12 . “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days 13 worrying about sand storms.”
( )11. A. became B. smelt C. sounded D. remained
( )12. A. radio B. keyboard C. backpack D. camera
( )13. A. from B. about C. without D. of
D
A
C
A young girl jumping up and down came over and 14 me. “Thank you，” she said. “It's you that have turned the desert into a green land！”
Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling 15 . The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.
( )14. A. asked B. hugged C. invited D. kicked
( )15. A. tired B. bored C. proud D. surprised
B
C
二、 阅读理解 第一节(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
产生污染的原因及危害
[2022课标要求·诗歌]
‘Mummy, oh Mummy, what's this pollution
That everyone's talking about？’
‘Pollution's the mess that the country is in,
外文素材改编自Reading Comprehension
It's something we can do without.
Factories let their dirty fumes(烟) in the air,
And the beaches are all covered with tar(焦油)，
1题Now throw all those sweet papers into the bushes(灌木丛)
Before we get back in the car.'
‘Mummy, oh Mummy, who makes the pollution,
2题And why don't they stop if it's bad？’
‘Because people like that don't think of others,
They don't think at all, I might add.
When they spray(喷洒) the crops, it harms the flowers,
And hurts the birds and the bees.
Now there's a good place we could throw that old chair.
Right out of sight in the trees.'
‘Mummy, oh Mummy, what's going to happen
If all the pollution goes on？’
‘Well, 3题the world will end up like a rubbish tip,
And all its treasures will be gone.
The fields will be covered with plastic and tins，
The streams will be covered with foam(泡沫)
Now throw those two bottles over the hedge(树篱)
Then we won't have to take them home.'
( )1. Where are sweet papers thrown into now
A. The factories.
B. The beaches.
C. The bushes.
D. The rivers.
C
( )2. Why do some people never stop making the pollution
A. They like making pollution.
B. They don't think of others.
C. They are too busy to stop.
D. They don't know the risks.
B
( )3. How does the mother answer the question: ‘What's going to happen if all the pollution goes on？’
A. By giving examples.
B. By asking a question.
C. By comparing two facts.
D. By telling a story.
A
( )4. 创新考点·写作意图What is the main purpose of this poem
A. To tell us what pollution is.
B. To show us who makes pollution.
C. To teach us how to protect the environment.
D. To call on us to stop polluting the environment.
D
趋势解读
本题为写作意图题，考查学生概括、推测和分析的综合能力。符合2022年版课标“理解记叙文语篇的主要写作目的”的要求。纵观全国真题，此类考点较多，如2022河北60题、2022陕西50题、2021深圳23题均考查。解答此类试题，首先采用略读法，即重点关注文章的首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓住文章主旨；其次，根据主旨来推断作者的写作意图。
三、 阅读理解 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1题We all know there is a problem with plastic pollution. 1._____ One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute. More and more plastic waste is polluting the world's cities, countrysides
and oceans.
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
D
What if we could use plastic waste to build roads This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done.
In 2019, McCartney's company, MacRebur, built the world's first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland.
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
The plastic waste was made into tiny hard pieces and then was mixed with bitumen(沥青). 2.________ 2题But it was stronger and softer thanks to the plastic.
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
A
“Our technology can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in different weather，” McCartney told
the BBC.
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
3. ___3题He saw people in India would put plastic waste into the holes of road and burn it. The plastic would melt down(熔化) and fill the holes. 4题He knew that there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil. 4._____
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
C
F
长难句分析
He knew that there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil.
析成分：本句为主从复合句。He knew为主句；that there must ...which both come from oil为that连接的宾语从句，其中包含一个there be句型，which both come from oil为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the plastic and bitumen；between the plastic and bitumen为介词短语作状语，解释说明some similarities。
句意：他知道两者都来自石油的塑料和沥青之间一定有一些相似之处。
After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect method. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world. 5题A one kilometer long road uses about 684，000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. 5.________
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
E
“We're just a small part of end-ing the plastic problems, but it's nice to be part of it，” McCartney said. “I just don't want my daugh-ters to live in a world that is full of plastic pollution.”
A. The road looked just like any other road.
B. The road that was built with plastic
cost much.
C. McCartney's idea came from a trip
to India.
D. A large number of plastic bags are used every year.
E. The materials can be reused to build
new roads.
F. That was how he started to think about mixing them.
Studies show China has lost over 80 percent of its coral reefs(珊瑚礁) in the past 30 years. According to Chinese coral biologist Huang Hui, corals are weak animals. They prefer clear, warm and good quality waters.
1．__________(help) the coral community recover, Huang decided to plant corals under the sea. However, growing corals on the seafloor is not 2.________ easy job.
四、 综合填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
To help　
an
Weather conditions are one of the most important 3.________ (reason) that influence coral planting. Wave(波浪) heights of 2 meters or more can be dangerous because the small diving boats can 4.__________(easy) be blown away.
Typhoons are common visitors to the South China Sea. Huang and her team only have a short time break for underwater work each year.
“ 5._________ the weather allows, we will make the most of the time available，” Huang said.
reasons
easily
If
A bottle of oxygen(氧气) allows about 30 minutes of diving, during which time a diver can only plant a few coral bushes.
Though they 6._________(face) many challenges before, their efforts have paid off. Since 2009, Huang and her team 7._____________ (plant) 120，000 to 150，000 corals, covering over 200，000 square meters of seabed of the South China Sea.
faced　
have planted
Yet, she considers this result to be only “a drop in the ocean”. “The underwater ecosystem needs time to recover. Planting corals is only the first step in 8._________(protect) the underwater ecology. We need time to plant more，” said Huang.
Now 9.___ her fifties, Huang is still repairing corals in an experimental area. “Coral planting is our lifelong goal. I feel happy to see seabed ecology is getting much 10.________(good) thanks to our work，” she said.
protecting　
in
better
以读促写
Task 1
理清结构和主旨
根据“三、阅读理解 第二节”的文章内容，完成下列文章结构图。
①plastic waste　
②the world's first plastic road　
③was mixed with　④is full of
plastic pollution
1. 根据点拨的内容进行仿写。
①expect sb. to do sth.　　点拨：期望某人做某事
仿写:
②used to do sth.　　点拨：过去常常做某事
仿写:
③thanks to　　点拨：多亏；由于
仿写:
Task 2
积累好词佳句
We are expected to use cloth bags while shopping to reduce pollution.
Many factories used to pour waste water into the rivers.
Thanks to the laws made by the government, the environment in our city is becoming better and better.
2. 记背下列好词好句，刷新你的知识库吧!
短语：think about 思考；be covered with...被……覆盖；more and more (数量上)越来越多；be made into...被制成……；be full of...充满……；mix with...与……混合；between...and...在……和……之间；as time goes by随着时间的推移；around the world 全世界；a small part of一小部分；come from来自
佳句:
①Our technology can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in different weather.
我们的技术不仅可以帮助解决塑料垃圾的问题，还可以建造出更好地应对不同天气变化的道路。
②He knew that there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil.
他知道塑料和沥青之间肯定有一些相似之处，它们都来自石油。
③Though they faced many challenges before, their efforts have paid off. 尽管之前面临很多挑战，但他们的努力得到了回报。
写作迁移练
Task 3
命题角度
“环境保护”类作文考情如下：
1. 近6年湖北真题：黄冈：2018年“以‘美丽的黄冈’为话题，介绍居住环境及保护环境的建议”；孝感：2019年“以‘Great Changes around Me’为题，介绍环境变化及感受”。咸宁：未考查过。
2. 近2年全国真题：
①目前的环境问题和环境保护的重要性(如2021恩施)；②保护环境的具体措施(如2021贺州，2021宜宾等)。
请借鉴“积累好词佳句”中的短语与句型和“三、阅读理解 第二节”素材中的文章结构完成书面
表达。
(2022广州改编)图书馆让我们享受在书海中徜徉的乐趣。请你根据下列导图提示和要求，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英语报投稿，介绍你所设计的绿色图书馆。
要点提示：
写作要求：1. 词数90左右(开头已经给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 根据要点提示，可以适当发挥；
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。
参考词汇：set up 设立；a donation corner 捐赠角
My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library.________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
定文体:________________________________________________________
定时态: ________________________________________________________
定人称: ________________________________________________________
定要点: ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Step 1 审好题 定方向
说明文
一般现在时为主
第一人称
提供绿植；相互分享图书；邀请其他同学做志愿者；设置温馨提示牌，号召学生节约水电；引导学生爱护书籍，做有责任心的人
Step 2 列框架 扩要点
开头:引出主题，简述设计这种图书馆的原因___________(not only...
but also.../...)
中间：让图书馆环保的具体做法
1. provide more green plants：____________(be covered with/...)
2.share books with each other: _________(encourage/save resources/...)
你来补充：_______________________________________
结尾：感受和做法______________(fall in love with...)
Step 3 巧衔接 成佳作
运用合适的衔接词、过渡句将上面的句子连成一篇作文。
My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library._____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library.
It can not only create a comfortable place for us to learn, but also be environmentally friendly.
First of all, we hope the rooms in the library are covered with green plants to provide a better environment for people. Secondly, it is necessary to read different kinds of books.
Therefore, we think about setting up a donation corner to encourage readers to share their books with others, which can save our resources. Last but not least, we also welcome other students to work with us as volunteers to offer help to readers.
With the green library, I expect that we will fall in love with reading and know how to study in a greener way.
谢谢
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