课件29张PPT。Unit 3 Life in the futureGrammarThe Past Participle Used
as Adverbial
过去分词作状语Review1.I like reading the novels ______(write ) by Zhang Ailing.
2. The girl ______(write) a letter in the study is my cousin.
3.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _______(repair).
4.He spoke loudly in order to make himself ______(hear).
5. I found the little girl ______(cry) at the corner.writtenwritingrepairedheardcrying6. I want the doors of my new house _______(paint) white.
7.There was a _________(surprise) look on his face.
8. He was ______ (excite) at the good news.
9. The story was so________(move) that he was _______ (move) to tears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmovedAs I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
As I was exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. Rewrite the sentences过去分词表完成、被动。
作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语, 且与主语之间存在着被动关系。
过去分词作状语可表时间, 原因, 让步, 结果, 方式, 条件等。总结1. 过去分词作时间状语When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.
When heated, ice will be changed into water.
从东山岭看，晚上的和平很美。
When it is seen from Dongshanling, Heping looks beautiful at night.
Seen from Dongshanling, Heping looks beautiful at night.因为匆匆忙忙做好的，他的作业满是错误。
Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.2. 过去分词作原因状语3. 过去分词作条件或者假设状语If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
If it is heated, water can be turned into steam.
If heated, water can be turned into steam.4. 作方式或伴随情况状语The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.
The hunter left his house, followed by his dog.
She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.
She sat by the window, lost in thought.
lost 表示一种迷失心理状态5. 作让步状语Even though he was defeated again, the young scientist didn’t give up.
Even though defeated again, the young scientist didn’t give up.1) 过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等, 表示被动的或已经完成的动作。
2) 过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。Summary过去分词与现在分词作状语
过去分词表完成、被动,与主句主语之间是被动关系;
现在分词表进行,主动,与主句主语之间是主动关系。关键看这个词与逻辑主语的关系。attention1. Following the old man, we went upstairs.—we followed (跟着那个老人, 我们上去了)
2. Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. (we were) (被那个老人跟着, 我们上去了)Compare注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。 ____ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen
从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。 ____ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. SeenExercises
1. Asked what had happened, he told us about it.
→When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.
2. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
→Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.Rewrite with proper conjunctions3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
4. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.
Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.5. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
Because she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
6. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.
Although he was left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.1. --Will you go to the party?
-- Of course I will______
A If invited
B If having invited
C If I was invited
D If I will be invitedA2. _____ black and blue, the lady couldn’t move.
A. Beaten
B. Beating
C. To be beaten
D. To beat3. Unless __ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited4. ____ what you said, you should be praised.
To judge from
Being judged
Judge from
Judging from5. When ____, the museum will be open to the public next year.
completed B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
6. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being found B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding7. ______ in the rain, he was wet through.
A. Having caught
B. Having been caught
C. Catching
D. Having been catching8. Night ____ , we hurried home.
falls
fall
fell
falling9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and ___ them light.
A. Giving; given B. Given; given
C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving10. He died,_____ some money to her.
leave
left
leaving
to leave课件20张PPT。Language pointstake up 1) 拿/举/抬/收起
He took up his pen and began to write.
2) 对…产生兴趣
She has taken up photography.3) 接受 ：他准备接受挑战了吗？
Is he going to take up the challenge?4) 开始从事…,开始承担She decided to take up teaching as his career.The jet took up
too much space.
Which of the following take up has
the same meaning as
the one in the above sentence?
A. She took up her first teaching post in 1950.
B. Li Qiang is taking up his prize won last year.
C. My mother has taken up yoga since she met the coach.
D. Writing the paper took up most of his weekend.First impressions.第一印象impressions: n. [C] 印象;感想
我对他的印象很好.I had a very good impression of him.make an impression on sb.
给某人留下印象
这演说给我们留下了深刻的印象.The speech made a strong impression on us.The teacher impressed us with
his sense of humour.impress sb. with sth.
constantly adv. 经常地，反复地
constant adj.经常的，不变的，忠贞的The old man’s hands shook constantly.I am Jay’s constant fan
and supporter.老人的手不停的颤抖.traffic jam·单词提示:
press… constantlyThe drivers _______the horn _________.pressconstantlyhorn·The computer ________________________
_____________.reminds you that you can’t typesomething nastyBy the year 3000, your computer will
punish you if you type something nasty. The problem reminds the researchers that they should develop the technology. remind sb. thatThe picture __________________.② remind sb. of sth.③ remind sb. to do sth.The stop sign _______________ ___________.reminds me of…reminds the driverto stop the carCars will have to stop
for stop signs.As a result, I suffered from “time lag”.(1)as a result 因此,结果
as a result of
result from
result in由于
起因于…
导致(=lead to)天下雪,因此他们迟到了.It snowed, as a result, they were late.(2)suffer from
①患(病)
②因….受困扰
The doctor suffers from headache.They suffers from poverty. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. surroundings专指自然环境（客观），用复数.
environment可指自然环境,也可指精神环境（主观），用单数. e.g.: The boy grew up in beautiful __________but not in a happy home __________.surroundingsenvironmentlack [U]. 缺乏,不足,没有 (a) lack of v.缺乏,不足,没有He lacks courage.
= He is lacking in courage.I haven’t finished the painting for ___ of time.
A. lack B. short C. need D. wantAhave no lack of 不缺乏…I felt better in no time.in no time
at no time 他们马上就回来.They will be back in no time. 立即，马上
决不 all the time
at all times
at times
take one’s time
from time to time
at a time
at one time一直
随时,永远
有时
不要急，慢慢来
时不时地
依次,逐一,每次
从前 These hovering carriages … by bending and pressing down on the …. can move swiftly.by doing 常表方式,方法或手段.
三毛靠卖报纸谋生.San Mao made a living by selling newspapers.bend-bent -bent
使弯曲,屈身她弯下腰捡起垃圾。She bent down and picked up rubbish.Touch your toes without bending your knees.
bend one’s mind to 专心致志于……She bent her mind to the job.There were so .…I lose sight of Wang Ping. lose sight of: 看不见,忽视,失去联系I ___________him entirely.catch sight of
out of sight
in sight
at the sight of看见
看不到,在视野外
看的见,在视野内
一看见….. I ___________her getting on the bus when I came out of the bookstore.我从书店出来时看见她上了公共汽车.caught sight oflost sight ofKeep them in your mindtake up
remind
as a result
suffer from
be similar to
well-known
as though/ if8. in no time
9. in all directions
10. catch / lose sight of
11. sweep up
12. plenty of
13. fall fast sleep
14.lack1. This kind of plant will die in continuously rainy ____.
A. condition B. surrounding
C. environments D. surroundings
2. I saw people coming ___ all directions to attend the Kite Flying Festival.
A. to B. of C. in D. out
3. The secretary reminded me ___ there was a meeting that afternoon.
A. of B. about C. that D. on DCCChoose the best answer4. Farmers can increase their corn crops three
times simply ___ watering their fields.
A. through B. with C. by D. in
5.There must be no life on the Mars for ___ of
air there.
lack B. lacking C. short D. empty
6.As there are cars and buses passing by, I
couldn’t ___ my mind to my study.
A. bend B. put C. fix D. concentrate
7. Catching __ sight of their headteacher coming,
the students fell silence in ___ flash.
A. the; the B. /; a C. the; / D. /; /
CAABI : I think it would be great to drive a skycar to work because it
moves _________ and can save a lot of time.
T: I don’t agree. I think it might be dangerous because it’s hard for
me to ________ the skills to drive the car.
I: But once you ______ the skills, it would solve the________ problems
that we ___________ met.
T: As far as I know, the engineers haven’t made the rules to police the
airway because the ______ of technology.
I: I believe the rules will be made soon. And everyone will be _______
of the rules and they can’t be _____ for anyone.
T: It sounds right. But have you ever thought that the space to park it.
It may _________ too much place.
I: Don’t worry. It will be made much smaller than a car. Designed
carefully by the experts, the new skycar will be perfect.swiftlymastermasterpreviousconstantlylackremindedbenttake upbent remind swift master take up previous lack constant suffer 课件32张PPT。Unit 3 Life In The Future Reading
——First Impressionstime capsule重点单词1.impression3. constantly5.previous7.press9.lack10.surroundingsRevision2.remind4.unsettled6. bend8.swiftly重点短语1. take up 2. lack of
3.be back on one’s feet
4.lose sight of
5.sweep up
6.slide intoA changing worldcarriage bicyclemotorcycletrainaeroplane?space craftsedan chair cartime capsuletime travelMeans of transportationFirst Impressions
1 .What’s the text about?
Li Qiang was surprised at the Wang ping’s home.
B.How was Li Qiang transported to the future.
C.How did Li Qiang get to the future and his first impressions of it.
D.The introduction of the “Future Tours” company.
fast reading First impressionsPlease read the text quickly and choose the right
answers to complete the chart. Part 1 ___Part 2 ___Para. 2 __Para. 3 __Para. 4 __A. Some details of the tour B. Boarding and taking off
C. A brief introduction of the tour
D. What happened to Li Qiang during the tour
E. What the future home looks likeABCDEA. Li Qiang was transported into the future
by a comfortable time capsule.B. Li Qiang arrived at Wang Ping’s home and
everything in his house made him
surprised.
C. Li Qiang won a travel to the year AD 3005. D. Li Qiang had his first try to master a
hovering carriage. Put the statements into correct orderFurther reading:DBC CCBBrife introduction of the journey
Destination(目的地）①② Who③Means of transportation④WhyWhat suffering⑤⑥How
(to deal with)Li Qiang Wang PingAD 3005“time lag”take up the prize won last yeartime capsulegreen tabletsBrife introduction of the journeyCareful readingDuring the journeyInside the capsule:through the______①_________seatsa _____ drinkLay_______________from ground, __________________the journey1000 years later?outside
the capsuleopeningcomfortablecalmingrelaxedrose slowlyswingingcompletedDuring the journeyOutside the capsule:②1.How did Li Qiang feel as soon as he landed in the future? How did Wang Ping solve this problem? 2. In what way did people in the future travel? 3. How did people drive a hovering carriage? 4. Why did Li Qiang lose sight of Wang Ping?1.How did Li Qiang feel as soon as he landed in the future? How did Wang Ping solve this problem? 2. In what way did people in the future travel? Li Qiang was hit by the lake of fresh air and his head ached. Wang Ping gave him a mask and ask him to have a rest in a small room nearby.People there travelled in a hovering carriage driven by computer.
3. How did people drive a hovering carriage? You can drive it swiftly by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly.4. Why did Li Qiang lose sight of Wang Ping?Because there are so many hovering carriages flying in all directions that Wang Ping was swept up into the center of them and Li Qiang was carried up to the top of a high building nearby.◆It is a large _______clean room.
◆It had a _____ wall, a brown floor and soft lighting.
◆The wall moved — it was made of _____! Their leaves provided the room with much-needed ______.
◆A table and some chairs rose from _____________ as if by magic, when Wang Ping’s mother ______ a switch on a computer screen. flashedgreentreesoxygenunder the floorbrightDuring the journey
③at Wang Ping’s home阅读迁移运用Ⅱ.1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to torlerate.
2.Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 3. Having said this, he spread some food on
the table and produced a bed from the floor.Worried;unsettled;time lag;time capsuleRetelling: Confused; fresh airheadmaskgreenbrownExhaustedfastAir qualityHousesReligionClothingTime travelTransportTownsEatingCHANGESAir qualityHousesTime travelTransportTownsFind out the changes Li has mentionedWhat’s the writer’s attitude towards the future, optimistic or pessimistic? How do you know?Discussion time capsuleseats in the capsulecomfortablenew surroundingslack of fresh air/the air is thin
a hovering carriageYou can drive it swiftly by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly.
people fly by in all directions
What’re the changes in air quality?The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.What’re the changes in transport? People will travel in a hovering carriage driven by computer. These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can move swiftly. What’re the changes in houses?The house has tree walls to provide oxygen. The furniture of the house is under the ground and by flashing a switch the furniture will rose from the floor.What’re the changes in towns?The town looks like a large market and people flying by in all directions.water pollutionpoor sanitation公共卫生air pollutionDeforestation滥砍滥伐desertification沙漠化
starvationGlobal warmingoverpopulation Nowaday human beings face many problems. Which problems do you think will be settled in the future? Which problems will not be settled in the future?DisscussionHomeworkRead the text again and find out the important and difficult language points and sentence patterns in this part.
Do Exxon Page 46-47.课件40张PPT。I HAVE SEEN AMAZING THINGS What will you see in the futureSend mind by thoughtpadHow to communicate in future?Where will the rubbish go in the future?dustbinrobotsReplace people to do sth citizen
typist
typewriter
postage
postcode
button
instant
n. 公民; 居民; 市民
n. 打字员
n. 打字机
n. 邮资
n. 邮政编码
n. 纽扣; 按钮
n. 瞬间; 片刻
adj. 立即的; 立刻的Words preview receiver
dustbin
ecology
greedy
swallow
material
recycle n. 接收器; 电话听筒
n. 垃圾箱
n. 生态; 生态学
adj. 贪婪的; 贪心的
vt. 吞下; 咽下
n. 原料; 材料
vt. 回收利用; 再利用Words previewgoods
representative
settlement
motivationn. 货物
n. 代表; 典型人物
adj. 典型的
n. 定居; 解决
n. 动机Words previewPHRASES show sb around
up-to-date invention
the latest forms of
communication
blame sb for sth
dispose of
a waste machine
manufacture goods1. 带某人到处参观(看看)
2. 最新的发明
3. 最新式的交流方式
4. 因某事而责备某人
5. 处理
6. 废物处理器
7. 大量生产物品8. 排除杂念
9. 按下发送键
10. 环保的
11. 向前移动
12. 收集废弃物
13. 生态学原理
14. 工作实践
15. 完成任务
16.对…贪婪/贪心
17.被…所吸引
clear one’s mind
press the sending button
environmentally friendly
move on
collect waste
the principles of ecology
work practices
perform tasks
be greedy for
be absorbed byLanguage Points1. My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space.
我首先参观的是被认为太空中最现代的太空站
a space station considered the most modern in space 过去分词作后置定语可以扩充为定语从句
= a space station _________________________
the most modern in space.
in space 在太空中Part 1which was consideredn. (pron.)
疑问词＋to do
doing sth.
wh-clause consider
考虑Language pointsLet me consider. 让我仔细想想。
I am considering the purchase of car. 我在考虑买一辆车。
We must consider giving it a try. 我们应当考虑试一试。
We should consider what to do next.
我们应当考虑一下怎么办。consider
认为that从句作宾语doing sth. 复合宾语(… to be / as)I consider it a great honor to be invited to dinner. I consider that you are wrong.I considered him as a politician.2.Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
( 过去分词伴随作状语 )
= ______________ described as an enormous round plate, _____it spins slowly to imitate 模仿
the pull…gravity.
(be ) described as… 像…, 被描绘成…
enormous: huge , large or giant 庞大的
the pull of … … 的拉力
the earth’s gravity 地心吸引力It wasand3. Inside was an exhibition of the most up - to - date inventions of the 31st century.
= An exhibition of the … inventions was inside.
an exhibition of …: …展览
the most up-to-date: 最前沿的
show sb. around…:带某人参观…
along 沿着…
a moveable path 移动的运送带倒装句 4.the latest form of communication 最新的通讯方式
no more…不再有…
typists working on a typewriter or computer
( -ing 作后置定语,修饰typists)
= typists _____________a typewriter or computer
typists 打字员
typewriter 打字机
postage 邮资
postcode邮政编码who work on 5. Message can be sent using a “thoughtpad”.
= People ___________message when they ____a “thoughtpad” using作时间状语
thoughtpad 思想仪器
place…over…把…放在…上
the metal band 金属带
clear your mind 排除杂念
the next instant it’s sent.
片刻之间信息就被发出去了can send use 学案要点1 P54
You place the metal band…
译：你把这种金属带子放在你的头上，排除杂念，按下发送键，片刻之间信息就被发出去了。
运用：(1)the instant
(2)instantly
(3)The instant/ moment/ minute I saw him,I knew hewas the man the police were looking for.
(4)C 6.It’s stored on the “thoughtpad” of the receiver.
信息储存在接受器的思想仪上.
store 储存
receive v. 收到 ，接受-----receiver n.接受器
efficient 有效的
environmentally friendly 环保
limitation (n.) 局限
blame…for…因…怪责…
fault [C:] 过失,失误 1.environment area 环保地带
2.used to do: 过去常常做…
3.there’s a system where the waste is disposed of using principle of ecology.
有一种装置,能利用生态学来处理掉废物
there is…有…
a system where… : where引导定语从句, 作状语
= in which
dispose of…: get rid of or destroy 消除,处理,销毁
Part 24.A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste （available）. 一架巨大的机器,总是贪得无厌,能把所有能获得的废物都吞进去.
always greedy for more: 形容词短语,作定语
(be) greedy for...贪心…
giant a. large , huge, enormous 庞大的
swallow v. 吞并
【运用】(1)greedy;greed (2)greedy for
available a. 可获得的,可利用的学案P54 要点2【探究】贪婪的;贪吃的
【运用】(1)greedy;greed
(2)greedy for
【运用】(1)swallow my pride
(2)swallow your words 5. be turned into… 被转化成…
6.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.
过去分词作伴随状语
= I stared at the moving model of the waste machine __________ absorbed by its efficiency.
stare at... 凝视…
(be) absorbed by…= (be) attracted by 被…吸引
move on 继续向前移动and I was 1.Our third stop shows the changes that happened to work practice.
happen to sb./sth.发生在...上 happen to do 碰巧做...
work practice 工作实践
manufacturing 制造业
2.no longer : no more 不再
3.take place 发生
4.be transported by…back to…由…运送回到…
My mind began to wander. 我的思绪开始漫游.Part 3( 定语从句,修饰 changes)学案P55 要点3【运用】 (1)switched off;
switched on;
switched over
(2)switched to
4. 但是,这些公司必须培训他们的代表
能在太空中工作和生活?【运用】(1)representing (2)to 【拓展】settle down 定居下来,平静下来; 舒适地坐或躺；过安定的生活；习惯于新的生活方式、工作等。
She settled down in an armchair.
She is settling down well in her new job.
Wait until all the children settle down before you start the lesson.
settle in(帮助……)适应(或习惯于)新环境等
settler n 定居者；移民
【运用】(1)settle down (2)settled in课堂达标训练单词拼写
1.assisting
2.required
3.tablets
4.opportunity
5.imitate
6.imitating /instructing
单项选择 BAA CDB
完成句子1.for lack of
2.lost sight of
3.Nearly exhausted
4.lay an old sick goat
5.dispose of
6.with greedy eyesGet main idea of the text while reading . Choose the correct answers according to the text.
The purpose of writing the passage is mainly to _____
A. tell us some amazing things the writer had
seen on the earth.
B. introduce to us the writer’s first visit to the
most modern space station.
C. introduce a lot of up-to-date inventions now.
D. tell us the writer’s space life in the space
station.3. Which is the most important step when
using the “thoughtpad”?
A. Place the metal band over your head.
B. Clear your mind.
C. Press the sending button.
D. Think your message clearly.2. How many kinds of inventions mentioned in the passage?
A. 2 B. 3
C. 4 D. 5Judge the following statements ( T or F ) 1. The most modern space station spins slowly in order to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
2. When using the “thoughtpad” in space station, we can send our message clearly although we think our message unclearly.
3. The giant machine disposing waste using the principles of ecology can change the rubbish into useful material.
4. Engineers on the earth have to control the robots to perform manufacturing task in space.
5. Representatives need to be trained to monitor the robots and transport the goods.TFTFF EX. Use the information from the reading passage to fill in this poster for the Space Station quick&efficientenvironmentally friendlyuserclearlyunclearsentdisposes ofuseful materialnothingrecycleda waste machineno wasteno pollutionno environmental damagea space stationmonitor My first visit was to a space station _______________ (consider) the most modern in space, which is described ___ an enormous round plate. Inside was an ________ (exhibit) of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century. A guide showed us _______ along a ________ (move) path.
First we examined one of the latest form of communication among space _________. Messages can be sent using a “_____________”. It is easy to send messages. You can only place the metal band _____your head, _____ your mind, press the sending _______, ______ your message and the next ______ it’s sent.Summing upconsideredasexhibitionaroundmoveablecitizensthoughtpadoverclearbuttonthink instant Second we visited the “environment area” _____I saw a wate machine. The waste machine ______ ____the waste using principles of ________. It_________ all the waste available, then turns all the rubbish ____ several grades of ________. Nothing is wasted and everything is _________(recycle).
Our third stop shows manufacturing robots. Manufacturing no longer ____ _____ on the earth but on space. A group of engineers __________ robots to produce _______on space stations like this one. Companies train their _____________to live and work in space ___________ to monitor the robots and the production.There is no waste, no pollution and no ______________ (environment) damage. wheredisposes ofecologyswallowsmaterialintorecycledtakes placeprogramegoodsrepresentativesenvironmentalsettlements课件23张PPT。 Unit Three
Life in the Futuregive sb. a favourable impression
给某人以好印象
leave/make/have an impression on sb.1.impressionn. [c] 印象;感想impress vt.给某人留下印象这场演说给我们留下了深刻的印象.The speech made a strong impression on us.The teacher impressed us with his sense of humour.使印象深刻，使铭记impress sth. on sb. = impress sb. with sth.2.take up1). She took up his offer of a drink.接受2). The student took up his pen and wrote to his father. 拿起3)He decided to take up photograph as his
career.开始从事…,开始承担4). Playing basketball takes up much of my time.占去(时间或空间)5)He is going to take up the story where he left off yesterday.继续 office
apart
in
it easy
take back
down
notes
away
aim就职拆开吸收，欺骗别着急收回取下, 记下作笔记拿走瞄准【拓展】与take相关的短语take off
take on
take out
take over
脱下,起飞,成功雇佣,呈现,接受拿出,去掉,扣除接管,接任,占据3. constant adj.
constantly adv. 不断地
The old man’s hands shook constantly.4. previous adj. 在前的，早先的
Look at the picture on the previous page.
previous to=prior to (prep. phrase)
“在···之前；先于······”
His father died two hours previous to his arrival.
I came here 3 days previous to Christmas.5. uncertain adj. 不确定的，拿不准的
certain
be certain/uncertain+ about/of/wh-
I'm uncertain whether he will come or not.
The company's future is uncertain.反义词 6. guide
n. [C]向导，导游；指南，手册
a tour guide 旅游向导
travel guides 旅行手册
guide dog 导盲犬
vt. 指引;给(某人)领路 ~sb(to/through/around)
He guided the man through the streets to the railway station. 7. steward—stewardess
waiter—waitress
actor—actress
prince—princess
emperor—empress
host—hostess 8. surrounding adj. 周围的
surrounding area/environment
n.环境（常用复数）
work in pleasant surroundings
surround…with vt. 包围，围绕(常用被动)
be surrounded with/by
surroundings与enviroment的区别surroundings —影响生活质量的, 身边的一切事物
The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings.
environment —人们所在的影响其感觉及发展的物 质、社会环境;自然环境
new laws to prevent the pollution of the environment.9. tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受+n./doing
=stand / put up with / bear
We cannot tolerate cheating in exams.
I cannot tolerate her rudeness.
我不能容忍她的粗鲁无礼。
我再也不能容忍你那恶劣的态度了。
I won’t tolerate your bad manners any longer.10. lack vi. & vt. 缺乏；没有
n. 缺乏；短缺的东西 She lacks money to buy new clothes.
He is lacking in confidence.
3. She does not lack for friends.
4. Poor as he is, he still thinks that he lacks
for nothing.5. Our tour is cancelled for lack of
bookings.
6. You are excellent, but we do have no
lack of teachers.
7. Too many teachers are treated with a
lack of respect.11. adjustment n. 调整；调节
adjust v. 整理，使适应
adjust …… to 调整以适应······The body quickly adjusts itself to
changes in temperature.
I’ve made a minor adjustments to
the seating plan.
我对座位表作了小小的调整。12. be/get back on one’s feet
（困境后）恢复；完全复原Jim is back on her feet after her operation.
After his wife’s death, it took him two years to get back on his feet. 13. press vi. & vt. 按；压；逼迫
n. 按；压；新闻
n. pressure 压力
press the button
the news press 新闻发布会
a press journalist 新闻记者
under the pressure of work 在工作的压力下press sb. to do sth. 敦促/强迫某人做某事
press sth. on sb. 逼迫(某人)接受某事物He pressed her to come with him.
He always tries to press his opinions on others.14.lose sight of: 看不见,忽视,失去联系我和他完全失掉了联系.I have lost sight of him entirely.catch sight of
at first sight
out of sight
in/within sight
at the sight of看见
乍一看
看不到,在视野外
看的见,在视野内
一看见….. I caught sight of her getting on the bus when I came out of the bookstore.我从书店出来时看见她上了公共汽车.15. flash vt&vi (使)闪光，闪现; (想法等)掠过，闪现
Lighting flashed in the sky.
A good idea flashed into her mind.
My mind flashed back to our last meeting. 突然回想起
16. switch n. 开关，转换 vt. 转换
switch on 打开，接通
switch off 关闭；不理睬，不听17. slide into 移动；溜进···
Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell asleep.
18. be optimistic about 对······很乐观
He has no reason to be optimistic
about the future, for he doesn’t
study hard.19. speed up 加速slow downYou will never get there if you don’t speed up.
The girl’s heart often speed up while she is talking to a stranger.at a speed of … 以······的速度
at high/ low/ full/ top speed
with great speed 高速20. desert n. 沙漠；荒原
vt. 离弃；抛弃
adj. deserted 被遗弃的；无人的
the Sahara Desert
desert a house/ a city
He deserted his wife and children and
went abroad.
a deserted house/ wife
21. instant n. 瞬间；片刻
adj. 立即的；立刻的
in an instant 一会儿；马上
the instant (that) 一······就······
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
instant hot water 即时热水
He will be back in an instant.
The instant I saw him, I knew he was
the man I was looking for.22. ecology 生态学
psychology [sai'k?l?d?i]心理学
physiology [f?zi:'?l?d?i:]生理学
gynaecology[d?aini‘k?l?d?i]妇科学
biology 生物学
geology 地质学
archaeology [a:ki‘?l?d?i] 考古学
