人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Words and Phrases课件(47张ppt)

(共47张PPT)
U2 Words & Phrases
1 abuse n. & vt.
（1）/ bju s/ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
abuse of power 滥用职权
alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒 / 嗜毒
（2）/ bju z/ vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
He abused his power to help his son become qualified.
他滥用职权帮助儿子取得资格。
Little John’s stepmother was unkind to him. Furthermore，she abused him.
小约翰的继母对他不好，而且虐待他。
完成句子
（1）His political reputation was ruined by his 　　　　 　　　　　　　　（滥用职权）.
（2）To our sorrow，it was 　　　　　　　　 　（酗酒） that ruined his fitness and his life.
（3）Williams 　　　　　　　　 　　　（滥用职务）as mayor to give jobs to his friends.
（4）He was accused of 　　　　　　　　 　　（虐待妻子） last week.
abuse of power
alcohol abuse
abused his position
abusing his wife
2 prevent...（from） doing sth.
阻止……做某事（from 可省略）
His back injury may prevent him（from）participating in tomorrow’s activity.
他的背伤可能使他不能参加明天的活动。
【归纳拓展】
stop sb./sth.（from）doing sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事
keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事
【误区警示】
（ 1）prevent/stop... from doing sth. 用于主动句时，from 可以省略， 但是变为被动语态时 from 不可省略。
Her parents prevented/stopped her（from）subscribing to such a magazine.
她的父母不让她订阅这样一本杂志。
→ She was prevented/stopped from subscribing to such a magazine.
（2）keep... from doing sth. 阻止……做某事（from 不可省略）
keep... doing sth. 让……一直做某事
The judges kept the applicants waiting outside for a long time before announcing the result.
评委们让申请人在外面等了很长时间才宣布结果。
单句语法填空
（1）Generally，parents don’t permit their kids to do dangerous things，and thus prevent them 　　　　 　____________（take）a chance.
（2）The government has to close those factories to prevent the water of the river from ________　　　　 　 （pollute）.
（3）We 　　 　　 　（prevent） by the frightening sandstorm from going to school yesterday.
完成句子
（4）I’m sorry to have 　　　　　　　　 　　　（让你等） for such a long time.
taking
being polluted
were prevented
kept you waiting
3 in response to 回答；答复
In response to the residents’ great demand，the initiative will be launched in our community.
应广大居民的要求，我们将在社区内发起这一倡议。
【词语积累】
respond vi. 回答；做出反应
respond to 回复，回答；对……做出回应/ 反应（= make a response to）
respond with a smile报以微笑
He recalled that she never responded to his letter. 他回忆说她从来没有给他回过信。
单句语法填空
（1）The product was developed in response 　　　　 　 customer demand.
（2）He responded 　　　　 　 my offer 　　　　 　 a laugh.
完成句子
（3）These comments came 　　　　　　　　 　（答复） specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
（4）He 　　　　　 　　　　　　　（没有回答） my question，and went on with his movie.
to
to
with
in response to
made no response to/didn’t respond to
4 reward n. & vt.
（1）n. ［C，U］回报；奖励；报酬
in reward（for） 作为（对……的）回报
a reward for（doing） sth. 因（做）某事而获得的奖励
give /offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人奖励
He received a medal in reward for his findings. 他因他的发现而获得一枚奖章。
（2）vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
reward sb. with sth. 用某物奖励某人
reward sb. for（doing） sth. 因为（做）某事而奖励某人
He gave his son a model telescope to reward him for behaving well.
他送给儿子一个望远镜模型，作为对他的良好表现的奖励。
单句语法填空
（1）The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will 　　　 　 　（reward）with success in the end.
（2）The boss decided to give a reward to him 　　　　 　 his positive attitude towards work.
（3）The girl rewarded him 　　　　 　 a smile for his help.
（4）［2020·浙江卷］It is 　　　　 　（reward）to try new things.
be rewarded
for
with
rewarding
rewarding 值得做的；有益的。
句意：尝试新事物是有益的。
7 rely on/upon 依赖；依靠；信赖（= depend on/upon）
rely on sb./sth. to do sth. 依靠或信赖某人/ 某物做某事
rely on it that... 相信……，指望……（= depend on it that...）
We should rely on all the students to help the depressed student.
我们应依靠所有同学来帮助这个抑郁的学生。
You may rely on it that she can achieve her ambition.
你可以相信她能实现抱负。
单句语法填空
（1）It’s not wise always to rely 　　　　 　 others’ help.
（2）We should rely on 　　　　 　 that every-thing will go well.
（3）Most working women rely on parents 　　　　 　（help） look after their children.
on/upon
it
to help 　
5 examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验
The medical team consists of twelve people，who are busy examining the patients every day.
医疗队由十二人组成，他们每天忙着给病人检查身体。
【词语积累】
examination n. 检查；审查；考试（= exam）
fail an examination 考试不及格
take/sit/do an examination 参加考试
单句语法填空
（1）It is necessary 　　　　 　（examine） how the proposals can be carried out.
（2）The issue needs further 　　　　 　（examine）.
完成句子
（3）Tomorrow，we’ll 　　　　　　　　 　　　 （参加考试）. The teacher will ______________（测试我们）in grammar. I’m worried that I will 　　　　　　　　 　　（考试不及格）.
to examine
examination
take/sit/do an examination
examine us
fail the examination 　
教材原句p.15 For example，we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.例如，我们可以努力将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。
6 replace...with... 用……代替……
“代替”的其他表达：
（1）动词短语：take the place of/take one’s place
（2）介词短语：instead of/in place of
Above all，some new facilities will take the place of the old ones.
最重要的是，一些新的设备将代替旧的。
He has the competence to teach the children in place of his mother.
他有能力代替他母亲教孩子们。
完成句子
（1）It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should __________　　　　　　（被……取代） a modern hotel or not.
（2）The factory 　　　　 　 most of its workers 　　　　 　（用……代替……） robots.
（3）It will be difficult to find a man to 　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 　　（代替）the present manager，who is highly thought of.
（4）There is something wrong with my bike，so I decide to use a new one_______________　　　　　　　 　 　　　　（代替） it.
be replaced with
replaced
with 　
take the place of
in place of
7 straight away 立即；马上
I phoned my mother straight away to ask about the recipe.
我马上打电话给我母亲询问配方。
【学法点拨】
“立刻，马上”的其他表达：
immediately/instantly/directly, in no time, at once, right away/right now
【归纳拓展】
come/get straight to the point 直奔主题/ 开门见山
go straight home 直接回家
get sth. straight（口语）弄清楚某事
I’ll come straight to the point regardless of your dissatisfaction.
不管你有什么不满意的地方，我都会直入主题。
完成句子
（1）Please go out of the house 　　　　　　　（立刻） when a fire breaks out.
（2）I’ll 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（直奔主题）— your work isn’t good enough.
straight away
come straight to the point
8 pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的
be pessimistic about... 对……持悲观态度
We are pessimistic about the lamb’s chances of recovery.
我们对小羔羊的康复可能性很不乐观。
【学法点拨】
在阅读理解中，经常考查作者对文中某一事物或现象的观点态度。
optimistic 乐观的 pessimistic 悲观的 negative 消极的
objective 客观的 supportive 支持的 doubtful 感到怀疑的
She found a stable job and was optimistic about her future.
她找到了一份稳定的工作，并对未来持乐观态度。
单句语法填空
（1）His bad performance in the job interview left me pessimistic 　　　　 　 his future.
完成句子
（2）Everybody 　　　　　　　　（悲观） as there is little possibility that we will win the game.
（3）People are likely to live unhappily if they 　　 　　 　　　　 　（对生活持悲观态度）.
about 　
is pessimistic
are pessimistic about life
9 decide on 决定，选定（= decide upon）
We have decided on a proper place for the household to live in. 我们已选定一个合适的地方让这家人住。
【归纳拓展】
decide/determine to do sth. 决定做某事（动作）
be determined to do sth. 决定做某事（状态）
make a decision 做出决定
come to/arrive at/reach a decision（反复考虑后）做出决定
make up one’s mind 做出决定；下定决心
If you are determined to succeed，please grasp the opportunity offered by our company.
如果你决心要成功，请抓住我们公司提供的机会。
单句语法填空
（1）I’ve decided 　　　　 　 blue for the bath-room.
完成句子
（2）Since our country has so many good table tennis players，we have to 　　　 　 　　　（选定）the best ones to take part in the game.
（3）He gave up the chance to go abroad and 　　　　　　　 　 　　（决定保卫） the borders of our country.
（4）The committee is due to 　　　　　　　 　 　　　　　　　　（做出决定）this week.
on/upon
decide on/upon
decided/determined to defend
make /come to /arrive at /reach a decision
10 make up one's mind下定决心
She made up her mind to pass down the traditional Beijing Opera.
她下定决心将传统的京剧传承下去。
Mary is simple-minded and it's easy to read her mind.
玛丽头脑简单,看出她的心思很容易。
So stubborn is the old man that he won't change his mind whatever you say.
这个老人很固执,不管你说什么他都不会改变主意的。
If you bear/keep something in mind, that means you remember it.
如果你把某件事记在心里,意思是你记住了它。
归纳拓展
①bear/keep sth. 　in mind记住……
②make up one's mind 　to do sth. 下定决心做某事
③read one's mind 　看出某人的心思
④change one's mind 　某人改变主意
单句语法填空
4-1 (2019课标全国Ⅱ,七选五, )You must keep these points 　 mind while
setting your goals.
解析　考查介词。句意:当你设定你的目标的时候,你必须记住这些要点。固定
短语:keep sth. in mind记住。
in
4-2 (2016浙江,完形填空, )I made 　 my mind I would find out what was
good in my present situation...
解析　考查固定搭配。句意:我下定决心,我要找出在我目前的情况下什么是好的……。make up one's mind下定决心。
完成句子
4-3 (2019天津,1,)——我猜你想去打网球。
——你猜中了我的心思。那也正是我在想的事情。
—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—You 　 . That's exactly what I was thinking too.

up
read my mind
教材原句p.16 Life is composed of many elements，such as family，friends，study，work，entertainment，and so on.生活是由许多元素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等。
11 compose vt. & vi.
（1）vt. 组成（不用于进行时，相当于make up）
be composed of 由……组成（或构成）的
England，Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
= The island of Great Britain is composed of England，Scotland and Wales.
英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成了大不列颠岛。
（2）vt. & vi. 作曲；撰写
On a freezing day，the composer composed a very beautiful piece of music.
在一个寒冷日子里，作曲家创作了一首非常优美的曲子。
【归纳拓展】
“由……组成”的其他表达：be made up of/consist of
The research group is made up of several scholars in this field.
研究小组由该领域的几位学者组成。
= The research group consists of several scholars in this field.
单句语法填空
（1）According to a report，the committee 　　　 　 （compose）of 12 members.
（2）Five doctors and ten nurses， 　　　　 　（compose）the rescue team，were sent to the earthquake-hit area this morning.
（3）Tom delayed his composition， for the first sentence was so hard ________ 　　　　 　（compose）.
完成句子
（4）A football team 　　　　　　 　　（由…… 组成）eleven players while six players can 　　　　 　　 　（组 成）a volleyball team.
is composed
composing
to compose 　
is composed of/is made up of/consists of
compose/make up
教材原句p.17 To join the People’s Liberation Army，it is required for men to shave off their beards. 要加入人民解放军，男人必须刮掉胡子。
12 shave vi.，vt. & n. 剃（须发）；（尤指）刮脸
shave off 剃掉；刮去
shave one’s head 剃头
shave the lawn 修剪草坪
give sb. a shave 给某人刮脸/ 剃须
His jaw was bleeding and the doctor had to shave off his beard to deal with the cut.
他的下巴在流血，医生不得不刮掉他的胡子来处理伤口。
He doesn’t shave every morning. 他不是每天早上都刮脸。
The nurse washed and shaved him. 护士给他洗了脸，刮了胡子。
完成句子
（1）In order to be accepted by his girlfriend， Charles decided 　　　　　　　　 　　　（刮掉胡子）.
（2）He didn’t like the barber 　　　　　　　　 　　（给他剃头）with an electric tool.
（3）Though out of shape，the old man 　　　　 　　　　 　　（给自己刮脸） once a week.
to shave off his beard
to shave his head 　
gives himself a shave
易混辨析
disturb 指在别人专心做某件事情或休息时打扰对方
interrupt 指打断别人的交谈或正在进行的事情
bother 指麻烦、拜托别人去做对方可能不乐意做的事情
13 disturb vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼
　It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
(教材P17)昨晚用大声的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。
②　disturbing adj.引起烦恼的,令人不安的
③　disturbed adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的
④be disturbed 　about sth.因……而感到心神不安
⑤disturbance n.干扰;骚乱
单句语法填空
5-1 (2019课标全国Ⅰ,完形填空,)However, I soon discover that much has
changed since the days of 　disturbing (disturb) reports of camps among tons of
rubbish.
解析　考查词性转换。句意:然而,自从那些天的关于被大量垃圾包围的营地的让人不安的报道以来,我不久就发现发生了很大的变化。设空处修饰其后的名词reports,结合句意应填形容词disturbing,意为“令人不安的”。
①disturb sb. with sth.用某事打扰某人
教材原句p.17 It is harmful to skip breakfast often.
经常不吃早餐是有害的。
14 skip vt. ，vi. & n.
（1）vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 v. 跳过，略过
skip a grade 跳级 skip breakfast 不吃早饭
skip school/class 逃学 / 逃课 skip over the fence跳过栅栏
skip over the last part of the book 略过书中最后一部分
The criminal whose angle was injured skipped the scene before the police arrived.
在警察到达之前，那个脚踝受伤的罪犯悄悄逃离了现场。
（2）vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳
skip happily along beside me在我身边开心地蹦蹦跳跳
单句语法填空
（1）When he was young，he often 　　　　 　（skip） breakfast.
（2）They saw the man with a little girl 　　　　 　 （skip） along behind him.
完成句子
（3） 　　　　　　　（翘课） is of no benefit to students.
（4）The girls were 　　 　　　　　　（跳绳） in the playground.
skipped
skipping
Skipping class 　
skipping（rope）
教材原句p.20 After starting high school，I felt stressed out and always relaxed by playing computer games. 高中开始后，我感到压力重重，总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松自己。
15 stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁
I always eat when I’m feeling stressed out.我感到焦虑时就吃东西。
【学法点拨】
stress out（使）焦虑不安，疲惫不堪，是动词短语，stressed out 是形容词短语，相当于stressed，注意stressed 表示“焦虑的，紧张的”时， 不用于名词前。
His throat cancer really stresses him out.
他的喉癌使他焦虑不安。
（1）under stress 在压力之下
relieve/reduce stress 缓解压力
suffer from/deal with stress 承受/ 应对压力
Mary’s been under a lot of stress since her child was drowned.
自从孩子淹死后，玛丽一直处于很大的压力之下。
（2）lay/put/place stress on/upon 强调；着重于
stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
The manager of this company lays great stress on the importance of advertisement over and over again.
= The manager of this company stresses the importance of advertisement over and over again.
这家公司的经理一再强调广告的重要性。
完成句子
（1）I try not 　　　　　　　（焦虑不安） when things go wrong.
（2）Driving in cities really 　　　　　　　　　（让我疲惫不堪）.
（3）The teacher 　　　　　　 　　　　　　（强调）the importance of not leaving out any important details while retelling the story.
（4）One of the most effective ways to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　（减轻压力）is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
单句语法填空
（5）People 　　　　 　 a lot of stress may experience headaches.
（6）Moving to a new house is a very 　　　 　 　　 （stress）experience.
（7）When feeling 　　　　 　（stress），most people tend to breathe short breaths.
to stress out
stresses me out
laid/ put/placed stress on
relieve/reduce stress
under
stressful
stressful 压力重的，紧张的。
句意：搬新家是件很劳心的事。
stressed
教材原句p.20 Playing was fun，but I felt even more worn out afterwards!
打游戏很好玩，但过后我却感到更加疲惫不堪!
16 worn out
（1）筋疲力尽的；疲惫的
The mother is worn out from looking after her six children，even not feeling like a bath.
母亲照顾6 个孩子累坏了，甚至连澡都不想洗。
（2）破烂不堪的；废旧的
The poor boy，whose clothes were worn out，fell on the street at dusk.
那个可怜的孩子，衣服破烂不堪，黄昏时分倒在街上。
【归纳拓展】
wear out 用坏，穿破；使精疲力尽
The mother was astonished that her son had worn out his shoes in two days.
母亲很惊讶，她的儿子两天后就把鞋穿破了。
完成句子
（1）After a day’s constant work，Father came home，feeling 　　　　　（筋疲力尽）.
（2）If you treat your coat so roughly，it will 　　 　　　　　　（破烂不堪的） soon.
（3）Illness and death came suddenly；over the years she had simply ____________________　　　　　（使自己筋疲力尽）.
（4）He travels so much that he usually 　　　　 　　　　　（把行李箱用坏）.
worn out
be worn out
worn herself out 　
wears out suitcases
教材原句p.20 Now my dad and I go rock climbing together monthly!
现在，爸爸每个月与我结伴去攀岩 !
17 monthly adv. 每月 adj. 每月一次的 n. 月刊
Most of these people are paid monthly. 这些人大多数按月领薪。
He can save money every month，which he owes to his monthly budget.
他每个月都能存钱，他把这归功于他的每月预算。
This magazine is a monthly，whose highlight is her favorite.
这本杂志是月刊，其中的精华是她最喜欢的。
【学法点拨】
n. + -ly → adj.
lovely 可爱的 timely 及时的 motherly 母亲般的 brotherly 兄弟般的
daily 每天的 weekly 每周的 monthly 每月的 yearly 每年的
完成句子
（1）John wants to take up a job in another city， because the_______________（月收入） in this city is not high.
（2）Tom isn’t in the office today. He went to Beijing yesterday to attend _____________________（每月一次的会议）.
（3）My mother paid 　　　　　　　 　 　　　（每月一次的拜访） to the poor family in the suburb.
monthly income
a monthly meeting 　
a monthly visit
教材原句p.20 I get refreshed through climbing，spend more time with my dad...
攀岩使我精神焕发，与爸爸共度了更多的时光……
18 refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新
She swallowed two pills，which refreshed her.
她吞了两片药，这使她恢复了精神。
Military drills give soldiers a chance to refresh their fighting skills.
军事演习让士兵们有机会提高他们的战斗技能。
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【单词积累】
refreshing adj. 使人精力充沛的；使人凉爽的；令人耳目一新的
refreshed adj.（人）精力充沛的；感到凉爽的
After a refreshing drink，he felt completely refreshed. 喝了一杯提神的饮料后，他感到神清气爽。
单句语法填空
（1）He found a swim very 　　　　 　（refresh） on a hot day. He felt 　　　　 　 （refresh） after that.
（2）If you are tired，a good night’s sleep 　　　　 　 （refresh） you.
（3）Many view these meetings as an occasion 　　　　 　（refresh） friendship.
完成句子
（4）If the link doesn’t work， 　　　　　　　（尝试刷新） the page.
（5） 　　　　　　　　（……令人耳目一新） to see a woman who is so unconcerned with her appearance.
refreshing
refreshed
will refresh
to refresh
try refreshing
It’s refreshing
教材原句p.20 I got so absorbed that I played the games day and night.
我十分着迷，没日没夜地打游戏。
19 absorb vt.
（1）吸引全部注意力，使全神贯注
absorb oneself in = be absorbed in 全神贯注于……
The foreign tourists are absorbed in the beautiful scenery of Hangzhou.
外国游客被杭州的美景吸引住了。
（2）吸收（液体、气体等）
absorb... into... 把……吸收进……
absorb water/light/heat 吸收水 / 光 / 热
The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.这种乳霜易被皮肤吸收。
单句语法填空
（1） 　　　　 　（absorb）in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.
（2）When deeply 　　　　 　（absorb） in work， he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
（3）According to experts，people absorbed this disease 　　　　 　 their bodies with their meals and then they were infected.
完成句子
（4）The man 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 （全神贯注于） analysing data when the manager entered the office.
Absorbed
absorbed
into
was absorbed in 或absorbed himself in
We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.
每天反复做的事情造就了我们，然后你会发现，优秀不是一种行为，而是一种习惯。