译林版（2019）必修第三册：Unit 2 Natural Disasters 单元检测卷B卷（有答案解析）

Unit 2 Natural Disasters B卷 能力提升—2022-2023学年高一英语译林版（2020）必修第三册单元达标测试卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In a natural disaster-- a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes (灾难)--minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death. Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen. They are also studying how to analyse and communicate this information in the best way once it is obtained.
On September 29, 1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with torrential rains and winds up to 160 km per hour. Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United States, although hundreds died in the Caribbean.
This was a very different outcome from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane had made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6, 000 people.
Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century-- residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions (预防措施).
While people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied. A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans. Because much of New Orleans lies below sea level, the city is at risk from flooding. Emergency management officials must begin evacuations (疏散)well before a storm strikes. But evacuation costs money; Businesses close, tourists leave, and citizens take precautionary measures. The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city's preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million. After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs.
The different views on the early warnings for Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities related to predicting disasters. Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions.
1.What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage
A.To identify the cause of disasters.
B.To save people's lives and property.
C.To prevent natural disasters from happening.
D.To apply advanced technology to disaster prevention.
2.Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage
A.Puerto Rico. B.New Orleans.
C.Biloxi, Mississippi. D.Galveston, Texas.
3.Why did the city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied
A.Because the forecast hurricane did not hit the city.
B.Because the hurricane warning arrived rather late.
C.Because their preparations were made in vain.
D.Because they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack.
B
With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.
Right within the range of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation(撤离) orders, according to reports.
Netizens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keepers, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house.
The 40-year-old zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the worst catastrophe, which felt like Armageddon(大决战) here. Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time including moving everything flammable(易燃的) from the area and the larger animals to safe places.
What's remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter, Staples decided to take them to his own house.
"Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected...not a single animal is lost," he said.
BBC news also mentioned that "there's a liger to the back of the house". Some media outlets highlighted the "heroic job" in their headlines. Online users also reacted with thumbs-up and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrific fire.
Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australia's largest collection of primates, and many different and unique animals such as zebras, giraffes, rhinos and red pandas.
1.New South Wales hits the headlines because of ______.
A.its famous zoo B.its endangered animals
C.the heartwarming event D.being easy to catch fire
2.Which of the following is true about Mogo Wildlife Park
A.It belongs to Chad Staples. B.None of the animals is missing.
C.It merely holds rare animal species. D.Extra shelters were built for emergencies.
3.Which word can probably describe Chad Staples
A.Irresponsible. B.Considerate. C.Selfish. D.Energetic.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A.The Heroic Job B.The Horrific Fire
C.The Extinct Animals D.The Brave Zoo Keepers
C
Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.
The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called "herd immunity", which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn't work.
But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.
That's exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.
The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.
Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(选择不参与) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.
Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.
Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.
1.The first two paragraphs suggest that _____.
A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend
B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention
C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons
D.information about measles spreads quickly
2.Herd immunity works well when _____.
A.exemptions are allowed B.several vaccines are used together
C.the whole neighborhood is involved in D.new regulations are added to the state laws
3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles
A.The overuse of vaccine. B.The lack of medical care.
C.The features of measles itself. D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.
4.What is the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce the idea of exemption. B.To discuss methods to cure measles.
C.To stress the importance of vaccination. D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.
D
This photograph taken and released on Sep. 28, 2018 by Indonesia's National Agency for Disaster Management shows a house destroyed by a 7.5 magnitude(级) earthquake in the small town Donggala on Sulawesi Island. The quake brought down many buildings while tsunami waves hit into its beachfront. "All the things in my house were shaking and it left a small crack on my wall. Anyway, I survived!" one of the local people Mohammad Fikri said by telephone.
But the biggest killer was probably soil liquefaction(土壤液化), which occurs when a powerful quake turns the dry ground into liquid mire (泥沼) and this totally destroyed several neighborhoods.
The official death reports rose to 1,948, and most of them were in Palu, the center of the Sulawesi Island. Bodies are still being dug out and the numbers from less populated areas are increasing but they seem to have suffered fewer deaths than the city. "No one knows how many people are missing, especially in the areas hit by liquefaction, but it could be as high as 5, 000," the National Disaster Agency said.
At a Palu middle school, fewer than 50 of its 697 students came. The school principal Abdul Rashid said at least four students were killed in the quake. "Classes haven't started. We're only collecting data to find out how many students are safe," he said. One boy chatting in the school with friends said he was disappointed that so few of his classmates had shown up. "I'm still waiting for the Ministry of Education to give us instructions on when to begin classes. For now, I don't think we're ready. Many children are so scared that they need time to calm down."
The government has collected $ 37 million to help victims of the earthquake. With the efforts of rescue workers and volunteers, the supply of gas and electricity has been recovered. Ruins would be cleared and areas hit by liquefaction would be turned into parks, gymnasiums and other public spaces, a spokesman said.
1. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that _____.
A. the photo was released by Mohammad Fikri
B. no death was reported in the small town
C. the quake damaged many local buildings
D. Donggala is a town located off the Sulawesi island
2. What caused the most damage in the quake
A. A power failure. B. The cutoff of gas supply.
C. Soil liquefaction. D. The cracks of houses.
3. Which of the following statements about the earthquake is TRUE
A. Few people in Palu were killed in the quake.
B. People in the countryside suffered more from the hit.
C. Few students showed up because of their disappointment over the school.
D. The government is taking active measures against the disaster.
4. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To make a brief introduction of the damage caused by the tsunami.
B. To give a detailed news report of the Donggala quake.
C. To stress the importance of the rescue work after the quake.
D. To describe the students' concern for safety at school.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ①_____ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管) worked. ②_____ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, "Ouverture des portes," in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ③_____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
④_____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率). You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. ⑤_____ When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Music is something I could never live without. Without music, I was 1 and would only talk when asked to. Music allowed me to 2 myself and be as loud as I wanted to. Singing my 3 out during choir class, auditioning (试唱) for choir concert solos, and trying out for the school play, I felt most like myself. There was nothing that could keep me away from my 4 , until high school.
Everyone who wanted to be in the show choir auditioned for the 5 , including me. In the audition room, there was a piano, notes and different lyrics 6 on the chalkboard. I hit every note, and the sound was amazing. When my audition was over, I breathed a sigh of 7 . Weeks passed and the list of who had made it to the show choir was 8 I found my name :"Angelica H—alternate (候补者)".After I saw this, my 9 disappeared. On the outside I wasn't sad, but in my heart, my whole world had 10 .
A year passed, and I was at a 11 that also offered karaoke to the customers. My parents let me go up and sing. Finally, I got enough courage to 12 a song by Sam Smith and started off. While I hit the high notes, people eating 13 for me. I realised I did not get into one programme but that did not mean that I had to give up all 14 I still liked singing. The lesson I learnt was that if you are 15 or do not get what you want, and it is something that you're in love with, don't give up.
1.A.calm B.mad C.nervous D.quiet
2.A.teach B.praise C.express D.help
3.A.heart B.brain C.mind D.head
4.A.pride B.enthusiasm C.knowledge D.courage
5.A.programme B.activity C.service D.job
6.A.suggested B.written C.translated D.recorded
7.A.relief B.concern C.anger D.sympathy
8.A.removed B.signed C.expected D.posted
9.A.curiosity B.confidence C.pressure D.kindness
10.A.continued B.started C.crashed D.existed
11.A.theatre B.park C.garden D.restaurant
12.A.create B.choose C.play D.compose
13.A.cheered B.stopped C.struggled D.voted
14.A.efforts B.ideas C.knowledge D.hope
15.A.picked out B.brought up C.turned down D.left behind
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I've noticed many people having a cold, and it's not even fall yet. Why does the cold occur more frequently during the fall and winter ①_____(month) It's actually not the cold weather ②_____(it) that causes the cold. But rather, it is most likely to be caused by people spending ③_____(much) time indoors close to each other, making the spread of germs(病菌) more readily. This is another reason ④_____ children in the day care centre or school are more likely to pick up the cold.
When I worked in a doctor's clinic a few years back, it was one of the ⑤_____(lead) reasons why people visited the doctor in fall and winter. Millions of people suffer from the cold each year. As a result, school ⑥_____(absent) is frequently reported, with around 22 million days annually.
How can you avoid getting a cold Among the commonly ⑦_____(recognize) tips, washing your hands is ⑧_____ most important one. The cold is spread either by directly touching infected secretions(分泌物), or by taking ⑨_____ the airborne particles(微粒). Also, cold and flu viruses get into the body via the eyes, nose, or mouth. So, ⑩_____(try) to avoid touching your face, especially without washing your hands first.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
近来全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成了一个重要的话题。请你以“How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。内容包括:
1.地震来临时不要慌张,如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物;
2.如果在室内,要尽量躲在桌子等坚固的家具下面,并注意保护好头部、颈部;
3.逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
How to Survive in an Earthquake
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
On the tenth anniversary of my father's death, I awoke to loud fire alarms at 3: 30 a.m. Alexis, my older daughter, was standing in the hallway with her cellphone and a blanket wrapped around her younger sister, Sierra. We ran down the stairs to the main floor. The girls stood by the front door while I checked for the cause of the alarms. When I opened the door to my living room, I could see the carpets were smoking heavily. My house was really on fire.
I shouted to the girls, "Get out! The house is on fire!" They turned and ran out the front door, followed by me. Then we ran through the woods to our neighbor's house. I knocked on my neighbor's front door as police cars passed by.
Later, I was told that it took the firemen a long time to put out the fire. Standing outside my burned house the next day, I got caught up in lots of questions. I had no cash or bank cards. How was I going to pay for anything Where would we live What would happen to my house now I didn't even know where to start. Luckily, our community helped us a lot.
The fire burned almost everything, but I still decided to visit our burned house to search through the ruins. It's interesting how you learn what really matters to you in those conditions. I found myself primarily searching for my father's watch. I also found other treasures as I searched for his watch, including the ring my mom gave me when I left for college, a watch my grandmother gave me for high school graduation, and my daughter's unworn dress, which was ruined. I found the last shirt my father had worn before his hospital stay. We had taken a trip after his second course of chemo(化疗). It was the last vacation we had taken before his death. At that moment, I felt differently about the fire.
Paragraph 1:
I realized the fire gave us wore than it took away. ___________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
My dad's watch is on my bedside table now, which is a reminder that anyone or anything can be lost without warning. ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.BDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的 can make the difference between life and death 可知,灾害预报的目的在于挽救人们的生命和财产,故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知,得克萨斯州的加尔维斯顿曾受灾最严重、死亡人数最多。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句 After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs. 可推知,人们觉得付出了那么大的代价做准备,结果却做了无用功,所以不满意。故选C项。
B
答案：1-4 CBDD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"a local zoo in New South Wales the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story"可知, 位于最易着火的新南威尔士州的一家动物园以一则暖心的故事成为新闻焦点。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段中的"not a single animal is lost"可知, B选项(没有一只动物失踪)正确。
3.推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知, 因为较小的动物需要额外的避难所, Staples就决定把它们带回自己家, 由此可推知, Chad Staples是体贴的, 故B项正确。irresponsible不负责任的; selfish自私的; energetic精力充沛的。
4.标题判断题。本文主要颂扬了Mogo野生动物公园的饲养员们在森林大火持续蔓延之际, 将较大的动物们转移到安全的地方, 将较小的动物带到自己家里, 从而保护它们免遭大火的侵害的英勇事迹, D项最适合作为本文的标题。
C
答案：1-4 ACDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据前两段的内容, 尤其是第二段中的"The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend."可知, 少量的麻疹病例却能引起危险的趋势。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in."可知, 只有在大家都参加疫苗接种的情况下群体免疫力才有作用。
3.细节理解题。根据全文内容, 尤其是第一段和第六段中的"Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten."可知, 麻疹死灰复燃的主要原因是一些人不参加疫苗接种。
4.写作意图题。根据最后一段中的"Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks."并结合文中所述的麻疹死灰复燃的事实可知, 作者的目的是强调麻疹疫苗接种的重要性。
D
答案：1-4 CCDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的The quake brought down many buildings(地震使许多建筑物倒塌了）可知，地震毁坏了许多当地建筑，C选项里的“damaged”呼应“brought down”。故选 C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的But the biggest killer was probably soil liquefaction(但最大的杀手可能是土壤液化）可以推断，在地震中，土壤液化造成的破坏最大。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段The government has collected $37 million to help victims of the earthquake…可知，政府正在采取积极措施来应对这场灾难。故选D。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了这场地震的情况，故可以推断作者写这篇文章的目的是为了对这场地震作详细的报道。故选B。
第二节
答案：FCGEA
解析：①考查上下文衔接。本空起到了承上启下的作用, 空前讲到了"我和丈夫刚刚在巴黎待了一周", 空后一句讲到了"所以, 我们做的第一件事情就是花大价钱租了一个橱柜大小、位于六层的公寓", F项(我们的目的是看看在某种程度上我们是否能像真正的巴黎人一样生活)符合语境。
②考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了"和通常的巴黎公寓不同, (这里的)水管可以使用", 空后一句讲到了"我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯", 因此空处应与公寓或公寓楼有关, 故C项符合语境。
③考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了"他们吃得很好, 却从不发胖", 而空后讲到了"法国的草莓尝起来不像硬纸板, 相反, 它们会像有味道的小炸弹一样在你的嘴里爆炸", 因此空处讲到的应该是法国的食物带给人的感受, 故G项符合语境。
④考查上下文衔接。本题需结合上段内容作答, 上段讲到巴黎的食物非常美味, 人们不需要吃太多就可以感到开心。空后讲述作者和丈夫购买食品杂货时发现巴黎的食物很贵, 暗含法国人因此吃得少, 故E项(那不是法国人比我们吃得少的唯一原因)符合语境。
⑤考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了"法国的咖啡馆总是爆满", 而空后一句讲到了"这些人什么时候去上班呢", 据此可知, 空处应该会讲到咖啡馆里的一些人, 故A项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.DCABA; 6-10.BADBC; 11-15.DBADC
解析：1.根据空后的 would only talk when asked to 可知,只有别人要求时,作者才说话,说明作者是个安静(quiet)的人。故选D项。
2.根据空后的 as loud as I wanted to 可知,作者热爱音乐,通过音乐表达(express)自己。故选C项。
3.根据空后的 I felt most like myself 可知,作者觉得唱歌时的自己才是最真实的自我,说明作者唱出了心声(heart)。故选A项。
4.根据前一句中的 I felt most like myself 可知,作者热爰唱歌,什么也不能把作者和自己热爱的事物(enthusiasm)分开。故选B项。
5.此处为原词复现。根据最后一段中的 I did not get into one programme 可知,包括作者在内的每一个想进人合唱团项目(programme)的人都要参加试唱。故选A项。
6.根据空后的 on the chalkboard 可知,音符和不同的歌词是被写(written)在黑板上。故选B项。
7.根据常识可知,试唱结束后,作者松了一口气。relief意为 “轻松”,符合语境。故选A项。
8.根据下文的 Angelica H—alternate 可知,进人合唱团的名单被张贴(posted)了出来。故选D项。
9.根据空前的 Angelica H—alternate 可知,作者的名字虽然在名单上,但她是候补者,所以作者觉得没有信心(confidence) 了。故选B项。
10.根据but可知,前后为转折关系,but前表示作者表面上并没有很伤心,but后则表示她内心的整个世界都崩塌了,crashed符合语境。
11.根据第三段第四句中的 people eating_______ for me可知,作者是在餐厅(restaurant)里。restaurant与eating相呼应。
12.根据空后的 a song by Sam Smith and started off 可知,作者应是鼓足勇气挑选(choose)了一首萨姆 史密斯的歌,故选B项。
13.根据语境可知,作者唱到高音的时候,在餐厅吃饭的人都为她欢呼(cheered)。故选A项。
14.根据语境可知,作者意识到自己当初没有进入学校的合唱项目并不意味着必须放弃所有希望。故hope符合语境。故选D项。
15.上文提到作者参加合唱团试唱,却被选为候补者的经历。因此作者从中学到的经验是: 即使被拒绝,也不要轻易放弃。 turn down意为“拒绝”,符合语境。pick out 意为“挑选出;辨认出”; bring up 意为“抚养;养育”; leave behind 意为“遗留;忘记带走”。
第二节
答案：①months ②itself ③more ④why ⑤leading ⑥absence ⑦recognized ⑧the ⑨in ⑩try
解析：①考查名词的单复数。根据空前的"the fall and winter"并结合常识可知, 秋冬季节不止一个月, 故填名词的复数形式。
②考查代词。根据语境可知, 此处表示"事实上, 并不是寒冷的天气本身导致了感冒", 故应填反身代词itself。
③考查限定词的比较级。根据该句中的"more readily"可知, 此处也应表示比较的含义, 故填限定词的比较级。
④考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导定语从句, 在从句中做原因状语, 先行词为another reason, 故填why。
⑤考查形容词。修饰名词reasons要用形容词, 故填leading, 意为"主要的"。
⑥考查名词。分析句子结构可知, 此处所填的词要与school一起构成句子的主语, 又结合语境可知, 此处表示缺课, 故填名词absence。
⑦考查非谓语动词。此处修饰后面的名词, tips且该空前有副词commonly修饰, 故要用recognized, 意为"被认可的"。
⑧考查冠词。此处most important是形容词的最高级, 在句中做定语修饰one, 其前一般要加the。
⑨考查介词。此处表示"或者通过吸入空气传播的微粒", take in意为"吸入", 为固定用法。
⑩考查祈使句。此处表示建议, 应用以动词原形开头的祈使句, 故填try。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
How to Survive in an Earthquake
Earthquakes have happened in many places recently, causing significant damage. So how to keep safe during an earthquake has become an important issue. Here are some guidelines.
Above all, don't be nervous and try to keep calm. If you are outdoors, it's necessary to find an open area away from trees, buildings, power lines and anything else that might fall on you. If you are indoors, move to a safe place such as under a strong desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects. Finally, never use the lift.
Actually, we can reduce the damage earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
I realized the fire gave us more than it took away. One of the greatest gifts we received was the kindness and care from our community. Some people dropped by with food, clothing and money. Others came by to help us search for treasures through the ruins. Another greatest gift we received was that nothing matters more than family. The fire did bum away lots of our personal items, but we saved the most valuable.
Paragraph 2:
My dad's watch is on my bedside table now, which is a reminder that anyone or anything can be lost without warning. I begin learning to treasure everything and teach Alexis and Sierra to do the same as me. At the same time, my girls and I keep watching for those who are in trouble. It is important for us to pay back the kindness we received. We will be grateful forever.