人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle B卷 单元检测卷（含答案和解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle B卷 单元检测卷（含答案和解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-11 10:33:49 | ||
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Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle B卷 能力提升—2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元达标测试卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
LEG CRAMPS(痉挛) AT NIGHT
If muscle pains and cramps in your legs, back, feet or bottom are interrupting your sleep, you should know relief is available. Muscle Cramp Pain Reliever that contains eight active materials and has no known side effects can help relieve cramps and pains that are worse at night. It is sold at Rite Aid and CVS. Receive a free bottle when you order three (Limit 3 per order). Satisfaction guaranteed. Order now at www. .
STRONG FOOT PAIN
Do you suffer from burning or sudden and strong pain in your feet You should know help is available. Pain Relieving Foot Cream contains materials known to relieve sharp, burning and strong pain while also restoring skin that is quite dry, sensitive, or gets itchy (发痒的)or harmed. No known side effects. It is sold at Walgreens, CVS, Rite Aid, Target and Walmart. Get a free jar when you order above two ( Limit 3 per order). Get more details or order now at www. .
BACK OR LEG PAIN
Are pains down the back of your legs, or pain in your bottom or lower back making it uncomfortable to sit, walk or sleep Leg & Back Pain Relief Cream combines seven active materials to relieve burning pains and annoying feelings. This product is not intended to treat or cure pain, but can ease painful symptoms (症状).Stop using it and get medical help if any extra bad effects like an itch bother you. It is sold at CVS and Rite Aid. Get a free jar when you order three (Limit 3 per order). Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed! Get more details or order now at www. Leg .
1.Which is the function of Pain Relieving Foot Cream
A.Repairing damaged skin. B.Relieving pain in legs.
C.Preventing strong foot pain. D.Curing pain in lower back.
2.What do the three products have in common
A.They are sold at the totally same places.
B.They guarantee customer satisfaction.
C.They have no known side effects.
D.They offer a better deal when consumers order three.
3.Where does this text probably come from
A.A guide. B.A paper. C.An advertisement. D.A notice.
B
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
2.What advantage does race walking have over running
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s more effective in body building.
D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
3.What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking
A. Getting experts’ opinions.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.
D. Doing regular exercises.
4.Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
C
New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes will stay there for a much longer time.
In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non-smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7 ,000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is one-third of known human genes.
According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years. This means your body is trying to heal itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It's almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)—it will always be there, even when you've walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.
1.What's the function of Paragraph 1
A.To give an example. B.To arouse readers' interest.
C.To make an argument. D.To give the main idea of the passage.
2.What's the reason for most genetic changes
A.People's condition at birth. B.Environmental pollution.
C.People's bad living habits. D.Heart disease and cancer.
3.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to
A.The cement. B.The footprint. C.The harmful effects. D.The genetic change.
4.What do we know about the findings
A.The findings are the fruit of more than three years' research.
B.The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.
C.The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
D.The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused
D
As we all know, most animals only perform tricks when given treats. However, Kim, the world's first spider to learn a skill, needs no stimulus(刺激物) to do what she loves—jumping from different heights and distances—upon the instruction of a team of scientists from the University of Manchester.
While the idea of training a spider might sound evil, the researchers' motives were purely scientific. They tried to unlock the secrets behind the jumping spiders' extraordinarily high leaps to catch prey(猎物) or to escape their enemies. A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.
The scientists found that Kim could gather enough force in her legs to jump more than six times the length of her own body from a stationary position. What was even more amazing was that she always landed perfectly. For shorter distances, Kim used a lot of energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe probably increases her chances of catching fast-moving prey. The farther the distance was, the less extra energy was used, resulting in slower but precise leaps.
Previous studies have indicated that spiders use both their muscles and hydraulic(液压的) pressure—a mechanism by which blood is transferred to their extended legs—to push them off the ground. However, in Kim's case, her leg muscles alone appeared to be generating enough force for the lift-off. The researchers now intend to do further research to comprehend fully not just the spiders' jumping technique, but that of other insects as well. "We are familiar with robots that are aimed at taking over human functions, but there are millions of insects in the world that perform specific functions that we have interest in adapting to robotics," says Nabawy, the leading engineer of the researching team.
1.What is the purpose of scientists' researching the jumping spider
A.To have fun and relax. B.To help develop robots.
C.To get rid of spiders. D.To protect this species.
2.Why did Kim use a lot of energy for short distances
A.To jump high enough. B.To land more precisely.
C.To catch fast-moving prey. D.To increase chances of escape.
3.What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph refer to
A.Jumping technique. B.Leg muscle.
C.Further research. D.Energy for lift-off.
4.What can be a suitable title for this passage
A.Jumping Techniques Used by Spiders
B.Spiders' Leaps Inspired Experts to Create Robots
C.Animals Perform Tricks if Provided With Treats
D.The World's First Spider That Jumps on Demand
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to helping students learn and mature, there are several ways to increase their wellbeing. Although your children may be succeeding in the classroom, there are a few things that you still can do.
Encouraging physical activities is the first thing you can do. More and more children do not participate in sports after school. It's important for you to encourage mobility with sports that are played after class. You should find sporting equipment, basketball courts and play areas where kids can promote their well-being. ①_________
Secondly, you can provide proper nutrition for your children. It's important for your children to receive proper nutrition both inside and outside your home.
②_________ You'd better make it a point to provide enough nutrition for their proper development and growth.
③_________ Many parents fail to stop children from using smartphones and computers. There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach children or keep them entertained. You should help the children remain excited without sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.
Last but not least, monitoring bullying(欺凌) is also an essential part. Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools, making it important that the environment that your children grow in holds a high standard. ④_________
It's important to examine the school life to determine what factors are missing. ⑤_________ You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them.
A. You should provide kids with fresh food.
B. Besides, you'd better limit their screen time.
C. It will encourage children to focus on their study.
D. In addition, try your best to give them more freedom.
E. This will reduce the risk of health conditions that include obesity.
F. You can advise teachers to keep a practice of looking for bullying.
G. Parents play a significant role in children's growth and well-being.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna was very particular about food. She never ate the wonderful pizzas or ice creams her mother made, which were her parents' 1 . She just ate other things. Anna was slim, but her parents were both fat. Their likes were her dislikes. 2 , everyone wondered who she had taken after. Anna's parents thought she was ill.
One day, they went to see a 3 . He took them to a machine. Then he put a plate of fish in front of them, and 4 on the machine.
It started playing sounds: waves' relaxing sound and the songs of seabirds. After some time the doctor 5 the fish with fruit and vegetables. The sounds of the sea 6 and there came the sounds of gentle wind, birdsong, and rain. All of them enjoyed the beautiful sounds of nature, but the doctor 7 the plate again, and this time it was a dish of meat. The machine started making lively sounds: the sound of 8 animals. Still quite pleasant. Then the doctor brought a strongly smelling pizza. The machine seemed to 9 down. Instead of beautiful sounds, out 10 noisy sounds. The noise was so disturbing that the family had to ask the doctor to change the 11 of food. The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy… but they thought the sounds were still 12 . Finally Anna's parents asked the doctor to bring fruit back.
"Anna isn't ill," said the doctor. "She can understand each type of food's own 13 . It comes from where the food was born, raised, and prepared. Anna wants to eat the food whose music is 14 . That's why she's slim and healthy."
These days, they all look slim, 15 from then on, in the house pizzas, burgers, puddings, and ice creams were replaced by fruit, vegetables, and fish.
What did your dinner sound like today
1.A.ideal B.agreement C.favourite D.challenge
2.A.Suddenly B.Specially C.Sincerely D.Naturally
3.A.plate B.machine C.doctor D.girl
4.A.depended B.passed C.lived D.turned
5.A.compared B.helped C.covered D.replaced
6.A.stopped B.traveled C.began D.continued
7.A.dropped B.washed C.changed D.offered
8.A.farm B.pet C.forest D.sea
9.A.break B.lie C.burn D.sit
10.A.stood B.came C.spoke D.picked
11.A.amount B.colour C.type D.quality
12.A.terrible B.beautiful C.serious D.quiet
13.A.character B.music C.habit D.requirement
14.A.wonderful B.heavy C.original D.traditional
15.A.though B.since C.therefore D.if
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of ①__________(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ②__________ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ③__________ (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused ④__________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive ⑤__________ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent ⑥__________ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ⑦__________ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ⑧__________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ⑨__________ (bring) your work home. It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, ⑩__________ (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露,他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷,也想尝试一下,为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示,给David回一封邮件,劝他不要吸烟。要点如下:
1. 吸烟危害大,会影响自身及他人的健康;
2. 一旦上瘾,很难戒除;
3. 提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We have all heard the expression: "Remember to stop and smell the roses." But, how often do we really take time out of our busy fast-paced lives to notice the world around us I have reflected back on one situation many times since it happened and have learned several powerful lessons from it.
I am as guilty as anyone of ignoring the world around in this manner, especially when I am driving on California's overcrowded streets. A short time ago, however, I witnessed an event that showed me how being wrapped up in my own little world has kept me from being fully aware of the bigger world picture around me.
I was driving to a business appointment and, as usual, I was planning in my mind what I was going to say. I came to a very busy crossroads where the stop light had just turned red. "All right," I thought to myself, "I can beat the next light if I race ahead of the pack." My mind and car were in autopilot, ready to go when suddenly my absent-minded state was broken by an unforgettable sight.
A young couple, both blind, was walking arm-in-arm across this busy crossroads with cars whizzing by in every direction. The man was holding the hand of a little boy, while the woman was holding something tightly in her hands that slung to her chest, obviously carrying a child. Each of them had a white walking stick extended, searching for clues to navigate them across the crossroads.
Initially I was moved. They were overcoming what I felt was one of the most feared handicaps—blindness. "Wouldn't it be terrible to be blind " I thought. Without realizing the danger they were in, they were walking right the path of oncoming cars. I was frightened for them because I didn't know if the other drivers understood what was happening.
However, as I watched from the front line of traffic, I saw a miracle unfold before my eyes.
Every car in every direction did the same thing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Never noticing something different, the couple adjusted their route as they followed the coaching. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-3.ADC
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"while also restoring skin that is quite dry, sensitive, or gets itchy(发痒的) or harmed"可知,Pain Relieving Foot Cream也可以修复非常干燥、敏感或发痒或者受损的皮肤。故选A。
2.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Receive a free bottle when you order three"可知,Muscle Cramp Pain Reliever买三赠一;由第二段中的"Get a free jar when you order above two"可知,购买Pain Relieving Foot Cream超过两罐就可以免费得到一罐;由第三段中的"Get a free jar when you order three"可知,Leg & Back Pain Relief Cream买三赠一。由此可知这三种产品的共同点是买三份就有优惠。故选D。
3.考查推理判断。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了三种产品,包括每种产品的功效和购买途径等信息。因此可推知这篇文章可能来自一则广告。故选C。
2.答案：1-4 CDAB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段,根据该段中的"But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触)with the ground at all times"可知,竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直,同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知,竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则,故C项正确。
2.考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers"可知,一些与跑步有关的损伤,如跑步者的膝盖(受伤),在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知,竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤,故D项正确。
3.考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique" 可知,Norberg博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询下教练或有经验的竞走者,以学习正确的技巧,故A项正确。
4.考查观点态度。根据全文内容可知,作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处,同时也指出它的一些危害,态度是客观的,故B项正确。
3.答案：1-4.DCBD
解析：1.意图推断题。通读全文可知,第一段是文章的主题段,点出主题:新的研究发现,即使戒烟,抽烟对基因造成的损害也会在身体里持续很长时间。下文通过实验说明这一问题和其具体的影响。故D选项正确。
2.细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,大多数人的基因变化是日常生活中的不良生活习惯导致的。故C选项正确。
3.代词指代题。由第四段最后一句可知,"it"是指“脚印”。此处表示,这几乎就像在湿水泥上留下一个脚印——即使你走了,水泥变干了,它也会一直在那里。故B选项正确。
4.细节理解题。由最后一段可知,这项发现可以帮助科学家发明药物来治疗吸烟造成的基因损伤,或者找到方法来判断哪些人患有心脏病或癌症。故D选项正确。
4.答案：1-4 BCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.可知, 科学家们研究蜘蛛的跳跃是为了帮助专家研发机器人。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的For shorter distances, Kim used a lot of energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe probably increases her chances of catching fast-moving prey.可知, 在较短的距离中, 金消耗大量的能量完成了快速跳跃, 研究人员认为这可能增加了她抓住快速移动的猎物的机会。故选C项。
3.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的The researchers now intend to do further research to comprehend fully not just the spiders' jumping technique, but that of other insects as well.可知, 研究人员现在打算做进一步的研究, 不仅要全面了解蜘蛛的跳跃技术, 还要了解其他昆虫的跳跃技术。not just...but (also)...连接的是并列成分, 结合句意可知, 此处that指代跳跃技术。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.和最后一段中的We are familiar with robots that are aimed at taking over human functions, but there are millions of insects in the world that perform specific functions that we have interest in adapting to robotics可知, 科学家们为了帮助专家研发更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人, 对蜘蛛的跳跃进行了细致的研究。B项"蜘蛛的跳跃激发专家们创造机器人"能够概括全文, 适合作为本文标题。
5.答案：EABFG
解析：在孩子的成长过程中,父母起着非常重要的作用。如何帮助孩子们成长呢 本文介绍了几条建议。
①根据本段第一句Encouraging physical activity is the first thing you can do.可知,本段主题是鼓励孩子们参加体育活动,这会改善孩子的身体状况。故E项(这会降低包括肥胖在内的健康问题的风险)符合语境。
②根据本段首句中的provide proper nutrition可知,本段与饮食有关。A项中的fresh food与之呼应,符合语境。
③根据本段中的stop children from using smartphones and computers可知,本段建议限制孩子们看手机或电脑的时间。故B项符合语境。
④根据本段首句中的monitoring bullying is also an essential part可知,本段主题是防治校园欺凌。F项中的looking for bullying与之呼应。
⑤根据设空处后的You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them and succeed in life.可知,此处重申家长在孩子的成长过程中起着非常重要的作用。G项中的play a significant role与之呼应。
6.答案：1-5.CDCDD; 6-10.ACAAB; 11-15.CABAB
解析：1.根据下文中的"her parents were both fat"可知,安娜的父母都很胖,由此推知此处表示这是安娜的父母喜爱的食物,故选favourite。
2.通常孩子都会像父母之中的一位,但安娜与她的父母都截然不同,所以人们很自然地就会想,安娜到底像谁。
3.根据倒数第三段第一句可知,此处表示安娜一家去看医生。
4.根据下文中的"It started playing sounds"可知,机器开始运转,故此处是说医生启动机器。turn on打开。
5.根据下文可知,医生不断更换食物,此处是把鱼换成了水果和蔬菜。
6.根据上文可知医生将盘子里的鱼换成了水果和蔬菜,由下文可知传来了风声、鸟声和雨声,由此可见声音是随着盘里的食物的变化而变化的,所以当盘里的食物从鱼变成了水果和蔬菜时,海边的声音就停止了。
7.根据下文中的"and this time it was a dish of meat"可知,食物由水果和蔬菜换成了肉,医生再次更换了盘子。
8.根据倒数第三段中的"It comes from where the food was born, raised"可知,播放的声音跟食物之间有联系,而通常吃的肉都是来自农场养殖的动物,如牛和羊,因此用farm。
9.根据下文中的"noisy sounds", "The noise was so disturbing"可知,机器开始播放噪音,这种声音让人觉得机器仿佛坏了一样。break down坏掉;出故障。
10.噪音是从机器里传出来的,因此用came。
11.根据下文中的"The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy"可知,不断变换的是食物的种类。
12.根据设空处前的still可知,他们认为这声音是噪音,因此很糟糕。
13.根据上文可知,不同的食物在机器前发出不同的音乐,因此此处表示安娜能听懂每种食物自己的音乐。
14.安娜喜欢的食物都是来自大自然,由上文可知这些食物所蕴含的音乐是美妙的。
15.由语境可知前后句之间是因果关系,设空处后为原因,所以用since。
7.答案：greater; achievement; is; on; as; studies; regularly; a; to bring; make
解析：如果在工作中你感到了压力,如何解决 作者给出了几种实用的减压方式,可让你的身心得到放松。
①根据此句中less可知,应该用great的比较级和less并列。
②根据介词of可知,设空处应该填名词形式,a sense of achievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不可数名词。
③动名词做句子主语,谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实,故用is。
④句意:我们大多数人早展比一天中的晚些时候更集中注意力于我们的工作。根据句意,此处应填on。
⑤as...as possible 尽可能……。
⑥根据句中的谓语动词show可知,主语应该用复数形式,故填studies。
⑦此处应该用副词做状语。
⑧for a while是固定短语,意为“一会儿”。
⑨be likely to do sth.为固定短语,意为“有可能做某事”。
⑩但是无论是什么事,确保它是消除日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担心的事情。
8.答案：
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. As far as I can see, smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body. It can do terrible damage to your heart, and even cause cancer. Additionally, cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members. What's worse, you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life. You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
9.答案：
Every car in every direction did the same thing. They stopped at the same time. Everything seemed to freeze. Amazed, I looked at the cars around me, and noticed that everyone's attention was fixed on the blind couple while no one got mad and none was shouting and yelling.
Never noticing something different, the couple adjusted their route as they followed the coaching. Trusting their white walking stick, they finally made it. As they went across the road, one thing struck me—they were still arm-in-arm. I was surprised at the emotionless expressions on their faces and judged that they had no idea what was really going on around them. Yet I immediately sensed the sighs of relief of all the other drivers at that busy crossroads. So, taking a moment to see what is going on around you right now may award you something wonderful.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
LEG CRAMPS(痉挛) AT NIGHT
If muscle pains and cramps in your legs, back, feet or bottom are interrupting your sleep, you should know relief is available. Muscle Cramp Pain Reliever that contains eight active materials and has no known side effects can help relieve cramps and pains that are worse at night. It is sold at Rite Aid and CVS. Receive a free bottle when you order three (Limit 3 per order). Satisfaction guaranteed. Order now at www. .
STRONG FOOT PAIN
Do you suffer from burning or sudden and strong pain in your feet You should know help is available. Pain Relieving Foot Cream contains materials known to relieve sharp, burning and strong pain while also restoring skin that is quite dry, sensitive, or gets itchy (发痒的)or harmed. No known side effects. It is sold at Walgreens, CVS, Rite Aid, Target and Walmart. Get a free jar when you order above two ( Limit 3 per order). Get more details or order now at www. .
BACK OR LEG PAIN
Are pains down the back of your legs, or pain in your bottom or lower back making it uncomfortable to sit, walk or sleep Leg & Back Pain Relief Cream combines seven active materials to relieve burning pains and annoying feelings. This product is not intended to treat or cure pain, but can ease painful symptoms (症状).Stop using it and get medical help if any extra bad effects like an itch bother you. It is sold at CVS and Rite Aid. Get a free jar when you order three (Limit 3 per order). Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed! Get more details or order now at www. Leg .
1.Which is the function of Pain Relieving Foot Cream
A.Repairing damaged skin. B.Relieving pain in legs.
C.Preventing strong foot pain. D.Curing pain in lower back.
2.What do the three products have in common
A.They are sold at the totally same places.
B.They guarantee customer satisfaction.
C.They have no known side effects.
D.They offer a better deal when consumers order three.
3.Where does this text probably come from
A.A guide. B.A paper. C.An advertisement. D.A notice.
B
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
2.What advantage does race walking have over running
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s more effective in body building.
D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
3.What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking
A. Getting experts’ opinions.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.
D. Doing regular exercises.
4.Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
C
New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes will stay there for a much longer time.
In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non-smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7 ,000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is one-third of known human genes.
According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years. This means your body is trying to heal itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It's almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)—it will always be there, even when you've walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.
1.What's the function of Paragraph 1
A.To give an example. B.To arouse readers' interest.
C.To make an argument. D.To give the main idea of the passage.
2.What's the reason for most genetic changes
A.People's condition at birth. B.Environmental pollution.
C.People's bad living habits. D.Heart disease and cancer.
3.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to
A.The cement. B.The footprint. C.The harmful effects. D.The genetic change.
4.What do we know about the findings
A.The findings are the fruit of more than three years' research.
B.The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.
C.The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
D.The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused
D
As we all know, most animals only perform tricks when given treats. However, Kim, the world's first spider to learn a skill, needs no stimulus(刺激物) to do what she loves—jumping from different heights and distances—upon the instruction of a team of scientists from the University of Manchester.
While the idea of training a spider might sound evil, the researchers' motives were purely scientific. They tried to unlock the secrets behind the jumping spiders' extraordinarily high leaps to catch prey(猎物) or to escape their enemies. A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.
The scientists found that Kim could gather enough force in her legs to jump more than six times the length of her own body from a stationary position. What was even more amazing was that she always landed perfectly. For shorter distances, Kim used a lot of energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe probably increases her chances of catching fast-moving prey. The farther the distance was, the less extra energy was used, resulting in slower but precise leaps.
Previous studies have indicated that spiders use both their muscles and hydraulic(液压的) pressure—a mechanism by which blood is transferred to their extended legs—to push them off the ground. However, in Kim's case, her leg muscles alone appeared to be generating enough force for the lift-off. The researchers now intend to do further research to comprehend fully not just the spiders' jumping technique, but that of other insects as well. "We are familiar with robots that are aimed at taking over human functions, but there are millions of insects in the world that perform specific functions that we have interest in adapting to robotics," says Nabawy, the leading engineer of the researching team.
1.What is the purpose of scientists' researching the jumping spider
A.To have fun and relax. B.To help develop robots.
C.To get rid of spiders. D.To protect this species.
2.Why did Kim use a lot of energy for short distances
A.To jump high enough. B.To land more precisely.
C.To catch fast-moving prey. D.To increase chances of escape.
3.What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph refer to
A.Jumping technique. B.Leg muscle.
C.Further research. D.Energy for lift-off.
4.What can be a suitable title for this passage
A.Jumping Techniques Used by Spiders
B.Spiders' Leaps Inspired Experts to Create Robots
C.Animals Perform Tricks if Provided With Treats
D.The World's First Spider That Jumps on Demand
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to helping students learn and mature, there are several ways to increase their wellbeing. Although your children may be succeeding in the classroom, there are a few things that you still can do.
Encouraging physical activities is the first thing you can do. More and more children do not participate in sports after school. It's important for you to encourage mobility with sports that are played after class. You should find sporting equipment, basketball courts and play areas where kids can promote their well-being. ①_________
Secondly, you can provide proper nutrition for your children. It's important for your children to receive proper nutrition both inside and outside your home.
②_________ You'd better make it a point to provide enough nutrition for their proper development and growth.
③_________ Many parents fail to stop children from using smartphones and computers. There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach children or keep them entertained. You should help the children remain excited without sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.
Last but not least, monitoring bullying(欺凌) is also an essential part. Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools, making it important that the environment that your children grow in holds a high standard. ④_________
It's important to examine the school life to determine what factors are missing. ⑤_________ You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them.
A. You should provide kids with fresh food.
B. Besides, you'd better limit their screen time.
C. It will encourage children to focus on their study.
D. In addition, try your best to give them more freedom.
E. This will reduce the risk of health conditions that include obesity.
F. You can advise teachers to keep a practice of looking for bullying.
G. Parents play a significant role in children's growth and well-being.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna was very particular about food. She never ate the wonderful pizzas or ice creams her mother made, which were her parents' 1 . She just ate other things. Anna was slim, but her parents were both fat. Their likes were her dislikes. 2 , everyone wondered who she had taken after. Anna's parents thought she was ill.
One day, they went to see a 3 . He took them to a machine. Then he put a plate of fish in front of them, and 4 on the machine.
It started playing sounds: waves' relaxing sound and the songs of seabirds. After some time the doctor 5 the fish with fruit and vegetables. The sounds of the sea 6 and there came the sounds of gentle wind, birdsong, and rain. All of them enjoyed the beautiful sounds of nature, but the doctor 7 the plate again, and this time it was a dish of meat. The machine started making lively sounds: the sound of 8 animals. Still quite pleasant. Then the doctor brought a strongly smelling pizza. The machine seemed to 9 down. Instead of beautiful sounds, out 10 noisy sounds. The noise was so disturbing that the family had to ask the doctor to change the 11 of food. The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy… but they thought the sounds were still 12 . Finally Anna's parents asked the doctor to bring fruit back.
"Anna isn't ill," said the doctor. "She can understand each type of food's own 13 . It comes from where the food was born, raised, and prepared. Anna wants to eat the food whose music is 14 . That's why she's slim and healthy."
These days, they all look slim, 15 from then on, in the house pizzas, burgers, puddings, and ice creams were replaced by fruit, vegetables, and fish.
What did your dinner sound like today
1.A.ideal B.agreement C.favourite D.challenge
2.A.Suddenly B.Specially C.Sincerely D.Naturally
3.A.plate B.machine C.doctor D.girl
4.A.depended B.passed C.lived D.turned
5.A.compared B.helped C.covered D.replaced
6.A.stopped B.traveled C.began D.continued
7.A.dropped B.washed C.changed D.offered
8.A.farm B.pet C.forest D.sea
9.A.break B.lie C.burn D.sit
10.A.stood B.came C.spoke D.picked
11.A.amount B.colour C.type D.quality
12.A.terrible B.beautiful C.serious D.quiet
13.A.character B.music C.habit D.requirement
14.A.wonderful B.heavy C.original D.traditional
15.A.though B.since C.therefore D.if
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of ①__________(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ②__________ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ③__________ (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused ④__________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive ⑤__________ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent ⑥__________ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ⑦__________ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ⑧__________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ⑨__________ (bring) your work home. It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, ⑩__________ (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,你的澳大利亚笔友David在邮 件中透露,他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷,也想尝试一下,为此征求你的意见。请你根据以下提示,给David回一封邮件,劝他不要吸烟。要点如下:
1. 吸烟危害大,会影响自身及他人的健康;
2. 一旦上瘾,很难戒除;
3. 提倡健康、积极的生活方式。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We have all heard the expression: "Remember to stop and smell the roses." But, how often do we really take time out of our busy fast-paced lives to notice the world around us I have reflected back on one situation many times since it happened and have learned several powerful lessons from it.
I am as guilty as anyone of ignoring the world around in this manner, especially when I am driving on California's overcrowded streets. A short time ago, however, I witnessed an event that showed me how being wrapped up in my own little world has kept me from being fully aware of the bigger world picture around me.
I was driving to a business appointment and, as usual, I was planning in my mind what I was going to say. I came to a very busy crossroads where the stop light had just turned red. "All right," I thought to myself, "I can beat the next light if I race ahead of the pack." My mind and car were in autopilot, ready to go when suddenly my absent-minded state was broken by an unforgettable sight.
A young couple, both blind, was walking arm-in-arm across this busy crossroads with cars whizzing by in every direction. The man was holding the hand of a little boy, while the woman was holding something tightly in her hands that slung to her chest, obviously carrying a child. Each of them had a white walking stick extended, searching for clues to navigate them across the crossroads.
Initially I was moved. They were overcoming what I felt was one of the most feared handicaps—blindness. "Wouldn't it be terrible to be blind " I thought. Without realizing the danger they were in, they were walking right the path of oncoming cars. I was frightened for them because I didn't know if the other drivers understood what was happening.
However, as I watched from the front line of traffic, I saw a miracle unfold before my eyes.
Every car in every direction did the same thing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Never noticing something different, the couple adjusted their route as they followed the coaching. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-3.ADC
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"while also restoring skin that is quite dry, sensitive, or gets itchy(发痒的) or harmed"可知,Pain Relieving Foot Cream也可以修复非常干燥、敏感或发痒或者受损的皮肤。故选A。
2.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Receive a free bottle when you order three"可知,Muscle Cramp Pain Reliever买三赠一;由第二段中的"Get a free jar when you order above two"可知,购买Pain Relieving Foot Cream超过两罐就可以免费得到一罐;由第三段中的"Get a free jar when you order three"可知,Leg & Back Pain Relief Cream买三赠一。由此可知这三种产品的共同点是买三份就有优惠。故选D。
3.考查推理判断。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了三种产品,包括每种产品的功效和购买途径等信息。因此可推知这篇文章可能来自一则广告。故选C。
2.答案：1-4 CDAB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段,根据该段中的"But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触)with the ground at all times"可知,竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直,同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知,竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则,故C项正确。
2.考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers"可知,一些与跑步有关的损伤,如跑步者的膝盖(受伤),在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知,竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤,故D项正确。
3.考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique" 可知,Norberg博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询下教练或有经验的竞走者,以学习正确的技巧,故A项正确。
4.考查观点态度。根据全文内容可知,作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处,同时也指出它的一些危害,态度是客观的,故B项正确。
3.答案：1-4.DCBD
解析：1.意图推断题。通读全文可知,第一段是文章的主题段,点出主题:新的研究发现,即使戒烟,抽烟对基因造成的损害也会在身体里持续很长时间。下文通过实验说明这一问题和其具体的影响。故D选项正确。
2.细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,大多数人的基因变化是日常生活中的不良生活习惯导致的。故C选项正确。
3.代词指代题。由第四段最后一句可知,"it"是指“脚印”。此处表示,这几乎就像在湿水泥上留下一个脚印——即使你走了,水泥变干了,它也会一直在那里。故B选项正确。
4.细节理解题。由最后一段可知,这项发现可以帮助科学家发明药物来治疗吸烟造成的基因损伤,或者找到方法来判断哪些人患有心脏病或癌症。故D选项正确。
4.答案：1-4 BCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.可知, 科学家们研究蜘蛛的跳跃是为了帮助专家研发机器人。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的For shorter distances, Kim used a lot of energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe probably increases her chances of catching fast-moving prey.可知, 在较短的距离中, 金消耗大量的能量完成了快速跳跃, 研究人员认为这可能增加了她抓住快速移动的猎物的机会。故选C项。
3.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的The researchers now intend to do further research to comprehend fully not just the spiders' jumping technique, but that of other insects as well.可知, 研究人员现在打算做进一步的研究, 不仅要全面了解蜘蛛的跳跃技术, 还要了解其他昆虫的跳跃技术。not just...but (also)...连接的是并列成分, 结合句意可知, 此处that指代跳跃技术。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.和最后一段中的We are familiar with robots that are aimed at taking over human functions, but there are millions of insects in the world that perform specific functions that we have interest in adapting to robotics可知, 科学家们为了帮助专家研发更高效的飞行和跳跃机器人, 对蜘蛛的跳跃进行了细致的研究。B项"蜘蛛的跳跃激发专家们创造机器人"能够概括全文, 适合作为本文标题。
5.答案：EABFG
解析：在孩子的成长过程中,父母起着非常重要的作用。如何帮助孩子们成长呢 本文介绍了几条建议。
①根据本段第一句Encouraging physical activity is the first thing you can do.可知,本段主题是鼓励孩子们参加体育活动,这会改善孩子的身体状况。故E项(这会降低包括肥胖在内的健康问题的风险)符合语境。
②根据本段首句中的provide proper nutrition可知,本段与饮食有关。A项中的fresh food与之呼应,符合语境。
③根据本段中的stop children from using smartphones and computers可知,本段建议限制孩子们看手机或电脑的时间。故B项符合语境。
④根据本段首句中的monitoring bullying is also an essential part可知,本段主题是防治校园欺凌。F项中的looking for bullying与之呼应。
⑤根据设空处后的You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them and succeed in life.可知,此处重申家长在孩子的成长过程中起着非常重要的作用。G项中的play a significant role与之呼应。
6.答案：1-5.CDCDD; 6-10.ACAAB; 11-15.CABAB
解析：1.根据下文中的"her parents were both fat"可知,安娜的父母都很胖,由此推知此处表示这是安娜的父母喜爱的食物,故选favourite。
2.通常孩子都会像父母之中的一位,但安娜与她的父母都截然不同,所以人们很自然地就会想,安娜到底像谁。
3.根据倒数第三段第一句可知,此处表示安娜一家去看医生。
4.根据下文中的"It started playing sounds"可知,机器开始运转,故此处是说医生启动机器。turn on打开。
5.根据下文可知,医生不断更换食物,此处是把鱼换成了水果和蔬菜。
6.根据上文可知医生将盘子里的鱼换成了水果和蔬菜,由下文可知传来了风声、鸟声和雨声,由此可见声音是随着盘里的食物的变化而变化的,所以当盘里的食物从鱼变成了水果和蔬菜时,海边的声音就停止了。
7.根据下文中的"and this time it was a dish of meat"可知,食物由水果和蔬菜换成了肉,医生再次更换了盘子。
8.根据倒数第三段中的"It comes from where the food was born, raised"可知,播放的声音跟食物之间有联系,而通常吃的肉都是来自农场养殖的动物,如牛和羊,因此用farm。
9.根据下文中的"noisy sounds", "The noise was so disturbing"可知,机器开始播放噪音,这种声音让人觉得机器仿佛坏了一样。break down坏掉;出故障。
10.噪音是从机器里传出来的,因此用came。
11.根据下文中的"The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy"可知,不断变换的是食物的种类。
12.根据设空处前的still可知,他们认为这声音是噪音,因此很糟糕。
13.根据上文可知,不同的食物在机器前发出不同的音乐,因此此处表示安娜能听懂每种食物自己的音乐。
14.安娜喜欢的食物都是来自大自然,由上文可知这些食物所蕴含的音乐是美妙的。
15.由语境可知前后句之间是因果关系,设空处后为原因,所以用since。
7.答案：greater; achievement; is; on; as; studies; regularly; a; to bring; make
解析：如果在工作中你感到了压力,如何解决 作者给出了几种实用的减压方式,可让你的身心得到放松。
①根据此句中less可知,应该用great的比较级和less并列。
②根据介词of可知,设空处应该填名词形式,a sense of achievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不可数名词。
③动名词做句子主语,谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实,故用is。
④句意:我们大多数人早展比一天中的晚些时候更集中注意力于我们的工作。根据句意,此处应填on。
⑤as...as possible 尽可能……。
⑥根据句中的谓语动词show可知,主语应该用复数形式,故填studies。
⑦此处应该用副词做状语。
⑧for a while是固定短语,意为“一会儿”。
⑨be likely to do sth.为固定短语,意为“有可能做某事”。
⑩但是无论是什么事,确保它是消除日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担心的事情。
8.答案：
Dear David,
I have learned from your email that you want to try smoking as you think it is very cool. As far as I can see, smoking is a bad habit.
It is widely believed that smoking has harmful effects on one's body. It can do terrible damage to your heart, and even cause cancer. Additionally, cigarette smoking will affect the health of your family members. What's worse, you will find it hard to give up once you are addicted to cigarette smoking.
I suggest you live a healthy and active life. You'd better often take part in sports to build you up and develop some healthy hobbies to enjoy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
9.答案：
Every car in every direction did the same thing. They stopped at the same time. Everything seemed to freeze. Amazed, I looked at the cars around me, and noticed that everyone's attention was fixed on the blind couple while no one got mad and none was shouting and yelling.
Never noticing something different, the couple adjusted their route as they followed the coaching. Trusting their white walking stick, they finally made it. As they went across the road, one thing struck me—they were still arm-in-arm. I was surprised at the emotionless expressions on their faces and judged that they had no idea what was really going on around them. Yet I immediately sensed the sighs of relief of all the other drivers at that busy crossroads. So, taking a moment to see what is going on around you right now may award you something wonderful.