Unit 1 Science and Scientists Sentence pattern 课件（16张）2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

(共16张PPT)
Unit1
Science and Scientists
sentence pattern
例：专业人员的短缺在一些地方十分严重。
Shortages of professional staff are __________
_____________.
This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death.
1
句意：这种疾病会导致严重的腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡。
in some places
very severe
severe adj. causing sharp discomfort or distress;
extremely violent or intense; very serious.
【拓展】severe adj. unsparing or harsh, as in treatment of others; strict
例：要求苛严的教官已经出国, 你可以完全放心。
________________________________________________________.
The severe trainer has gone abroad. You can
breathe freely again
However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.
2
例1：大多数家庭现在至少有一辆汽车。
______________ now own at least one car.
household n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人
[pl.] households
adj. 家喻户晓的；家庭的
Most households
句意：但是，一些家庭(如布罗德街20号和21号，剑桥街8号和9号)没有死亡。
例2：今天，时装设计师是家喻户晓的人物。
_________________________________________.
Today, fashion designers are household names
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
3
句意：斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
例1：我觉得他们是正确的。
____________________.
例2：警方昨天逮捕了一名嫌疑犯。
______________________________.
例3：一个可疑包裹被发现后，代表们撤离了这栋大楼。
Delegates evacuated the building when _________
_______ was found.
suspect v. 怀疑；猜想
n. 嫌疑犯
adj. 靠不住的；可疑的
I suspect they were right
Police arrested a suspect yesterday
a suspect
package
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
3
例1：没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼。_________________________________________
________________________.
例2：公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。
______________________________.
No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police
You are not to drop litter in the park
be to blame 受到责备, 主动表被动
be+动词不定式, 可以表示该做或不该做的事情, 相当于must, should, ought to 等。
Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
4
句意：因此，他把泵的把手拿下来，使它不能使用。
例：我转动把手，发现门是开着的。
_______________________________________.
handle n. 柄, 把手
I turned the handle and found the door was open
What are other meanings of “handle”
1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company
handles the company's accounts.
2. The children are naughty that I can't handle them.
3. She handled a difficult argument skillfully.
4. This shop handles paper and stationery.
5. He learnt how to handle the axe.
管理
应付
控制
买卖
操作；运用
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the
threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
5
句意：通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅减少。
他做了大量的慈善捐赠。
_________________________________.
相当多的人支持这些改革措施。
_________________________________________.
substantial adj. 大量的；实质的；内容充实的
He made substantial donations to charity
例：大笔的钱 _____________________
重大变化 _____________________
Substantial numbers of people support the reforms
substantial sums of money
a substantial change
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the
threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
5
decrease vi. 减少，缩小 n. 减少，减少量
on the decrease 在减少中
decrease to 减少到……
decrease by 减少了……
例1：人口增长每年下降1.4%。
_________________________________________.
Population growth is decreasing by 1.4% each year
例2：独立公司的数量从198家减到了96家。
_________________________________________
____________.
The number of independent firms decreased from 198 to 96
no greater than “否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋ than”结构，表示最高级。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.
6
句意：也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
例：我从未读过比这更有趣的小说了。
_______________________________________.
I have never read a more interesting novel
【知识拓展】
表示最高级意义的其他常见结构：
never＋比较级
nothing/no＋as/so ＋原级＋as...
nothing/no＋比较级＋than...
impact相关短语
have (make) an impact on 对……（产生）影响；
an impact against 对……的冲击
例：
Nothing is __________________ practice.
Nothing is __________________ practice.
as/so important as
more important than
例1：她的讲话对每个人都有深远的影响。
Her speech ____________________________
everyone.
例2：数字技术的出现，对既有媒介的生存造成了重大的冲击。
Digital technology has brought tremendous ______
_______ the survival of existing media.
had (made) a profound impact on
impact
against
break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；
爆发
However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.
7
句意：然而，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。
例1: 在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。
Something unexpected always __________ in this area.
breaks out
例2：我正在熟睡中，这时突然发生了火灾，而且蔓
延得很快。
__________________________________________
____________________.
I was still sleeping when the fire broke out, and then it spread quickly
【拓展】break相关短语
break in　　 强行进入；打断
break through 突破；冲破
break up 破碎；解散；分手
break off 断开；中断；停顿
break into pieces 破成碎片
break into 强行闯入；突然开始
break down 出故障；垮掉
例：
1. He ________ my house and stole my money.
2. The computer system _________ suddenly while
he was searchinng for infomation on the Internet.
3. They decided to _________ the partnership.
4. It was a cloudy day but the sun at last _______
________.
5. The mirror fell to the ground and ____________
_______.
broke into
broke down
break up
broke
through
broke into
pieces
in charge of 主管；掌管
He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.
8
句意：他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。
例：这位厨师负责管理帮厨工。
_______________________________________.
The cook is in charge of the kitchen helpers
【拓展】free of charge 免费
take charge of　 掌管/负责……
in charge of 控制/管理……
in sb.'s charge＝in the charge of sb.
由……主管(含被动意义)
例：
①在她掌管之前，公司管理很差。
The company was badly organized until she _______________ it.
②演员们都愿意免费出演。
The performers have all offered their services ___
__________.
③当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。
The company is ___________ of Tom when the boss is away.
＝Tom is __________ the company when the boss is away.
took charge of
free
of charge
in the charge
in charge of
thanks