2023届高考英语二轮复习分词作状语课件（45张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习分词作状语课件（45张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 172.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-12 15:00:15 | ||
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(共45张PPT)
分词作状语
怎样区别现在分词与过去分词作状语
1现在分词的一般式doing,
现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与句中谓语动词同时发生。
Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.一看到猫，老鼠就跑了。
2 现在分词的完成式 having done
现在分词的完成式所表示的动作先于句中谓语动词发生。
The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.暴风雨离开了，给这个地区造成诸多破坏。
3 现在分词的被动式 being done
现在分词的被动式表示与谓语动作同时发生的被动动作。
Being protected by many guards, he felt safe.由于有很多警卫保护，他觉得很安全。
4 现在分词的完成被动式 having been done
现在分词的完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作。
Not having been invited, he felt very unhappy. 由于没有被邀请，他感到很不高兴。
5 现在分词的否定式在其前面加not
Not having completed the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. 由于没有完成计划，他们不得不在那里再呆两个星期。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
1）表示时间
Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street,…) 在街上散步的时候，我遇见了玛丽。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
2）表示原因
Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired,…)
因为疲劳，我停下来休息。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
3）表示条件
Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn to the left,…)
向左转，你就会找到那所学校。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
4）表示让步
Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. (=Though he knows where I live, …)
虽然他知道我的住址，但他从不来看我。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
5)表示伴随/方式
I stood there, waiting for her. (=…，and waited for her.)我站在那儿等她。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
6）表示结果:现在分词表示自然而然的结果
Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing a delay.他们的汽车遇上了交通堵塞， 因而耽搁了。thus 副词，修饰causing。
7 现在分词作状语表示分词动作的执行者（逻辑主语）就是句子的主语，有时候这类结构可以看作状语从句的省略。
When crossing the street,do be careful.过马路时，务必要小心。
As long as going into the reading room, you should keep quiet.只要进入阅览室，你就应该保持安静。
7 现在分词作状语表示分词动作的执行者（逻辑主语）就是句子的主语，有时候这类结构可以看作状语从句的省略。
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to the university. 尽管缺少钱，他的父母还是设法送他上了大学。
8 当现在分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，而是一个名词或代词时，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词是独立主格结构的一种。独立主格结构和分词一样，在句中作状语。有时也可使用从句。
Time permitting,we’ll come to see you.如果时间允许，我们就来看你。
All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。
9少数现在分词（短语）没有逻辑主语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。
Generally speaking一般来说 judging from/by由…来判断 seeing…/considering…考虑到 providing that…如果…
supposing即使；如果…… assuming…假使……
9少数现在分词（短语）没有逻辑主语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。
Generally speaking一般来说 judging from/by由…来判断 seeing…/considering…考虑到 providing that…如果…
supposing即使；如果…… assuming…假使……
二、过去分词短语作状语，可以修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况，如：
Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old.
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the room.
The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.
过去分词短语表示原因（相当于一个原因状语从句），如：
The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.
He soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey. (= as he was exhausted…)
过去分词短语有时可以表示时间（相当于时间状语从句）和条件（相当于条件状语从句），如：
United, we stand; divided, we fall. (=When / If we are united …)
Heated, water changes into steam. (=When / If water is heated …)
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.
如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）
Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子的主语保持一致；现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语为主谓关系；过去分词所表示的动作和句子的主语为动宾关系;例如:
1. Walking on the hill, she saw lots of wild plants she had never seen.
2.Written in simple English, his book is popular among children.
(1)句，she walk为主谓关系；(2)句 write his book 为被动关系；
现在分词与过去分词作状语的判断：
一：分析法
即根据分词所表示的动作与句子的主语的关系来判断，是主谓关系的就用doing;/having done; 是动宾关系的就用done/having been done 例如：
Having wasted a lot of time, the boy realized he had to work hard at his lessons.
Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
二：记忆法
1.常用doing的情况：judging by/from...(根据...来判断)，generally/Frankly speaking,及形容词化的现在分词表示令人...的（句子的主语通常为某物）：discouraging, interesting, inviting, puzzling, astonishing, shocking, surprising, exciting, confusing, disappointing,...。
Always confusing, the twins’ appearances were hard to tell apart.
2.常用done 的情况：compared to/with, given...;及短语 be seated, be dressed, be located, be situated, be lost( in),
be engaged (in), be addicted to, be occupied with, be devoted to...作状语时，保留其过去分词。
Engaged in his business, the man has not returned home for 3 weeks.
Practice
1.The prisoner(罪犯),____ the guard and run away, was caught the next days.
A killed B. killing
C having killed D being killed by
2. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless______ every day.
A watered B watering
C water D to water
B
B
3. He is a student at Oxford University,_____ for a degree in computer science.
A studied B studying
C to have study D to be studying
B
4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_____, he gladly accepted it.
A finished B finishing C having finished D was finished.
A
5. _____ the old houses, they built a beautiful garden in that area.
A Pulled down B Having pulled down C Pulling down D To pull down
increased
Key cabba bdcba
B
6.After seeing the (frighten) film, the boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark.
答案 frightening
7.Just under half of the fish we eat comes from wild animals (catch) in the oceans, with the rest coming from fish farms.
答案 caught
8.Those (range) from shampoo and toothpaste to ice cream and beer can all contain chemicals got from seaweed.
答案 ranging
9.By the 1920's, opera masters began using layers of masks (make) of oiled paper or dried pig bladders.
答案 made
10.There are many video clips(片段)on social media (show) interesting behavior of the animals along their path.
答案 showing
11.I was free to make the library a comfortable and exciting place (learn).
答案 to learn
12.A video (release) on the Internet showed how the construction workers connected three major railroads with the new one.
答案 released
13.This world has been finding excuses
(kill) wolves.
答案 to kill
14.He is a (retire) professor of archaeology(考古学) at the University of Cambridge.
答案 retired
15.The students are looking forward to having an opportunity (explore) society.
答案 to explore
16.We're having a meeting in half an hour. The decision (make) at the meeting will decide the future of our company.
答案 to be made
17.The ability (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
答案 to express
18.I have a lot of reading exercises (complete) before the end of this term.
答案 to complete
19.His first book (publish)next month is based on a true story.
答案 to be published
20.This is the only way we can imagine (reduce)the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
答案 to reduce
分词作状语
怎样区别现在分词与过去分词作状语
1现在分词的一般式doing,
现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与句中谓语动词同时发生。
Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.一看到猫，老鼠就跑了。
2 现在分词的完成式 having done
现在分词的完成式所表示的动作先于句中谓语动词发生。
The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.暴风雨离开了，给这个地区造成诸多破坏。
3 现在分词的被动式 being done
现在分词的被动式表示与谓语动作同时发生的被动动作。
Being protected by many guards, he felt safe.由于有很多警卫保护，他觉得很安全。
4 现在分词的完成被动式 having been done
现在分词的完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作。
Not having been invited, he felt very unhappy. 由于没有被邀请，他感到很不高兴。
5 现在分词的否定式在其前面加not
Not having completed the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. 由于没有完成计划，他们不得不在那里再呆两个星期。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
1）表示时间
Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street,…) 在街上散步的时候，我遇见了玛丽。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
2）表示原因
Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired,…)
因为疲劳，我停下来休息。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
3）表示条件
Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn to the left,…)
向左转，你就会找到那所学校。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
4）表示让步
Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. (=Though he knows where I live, …)
虽然他知道我的住址，但他从不来看我。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
5)表示伴随/方式
I stood there, waiting for her. (=…，and waited for her.)我站在那儿等她。
6现在分词作状语的基本用法
6）表示结果:现在分词表示自然而然的结果
Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing a delay.他们的汽车遇上了交通堵塞， 因而耽搁了。thus 副词，修饰causing。
7 现在分词作状语表示分词动作的执行者（逻辑主语）就是句子的主语，有时候这类结构可以看作状语从句的省略。
When crossing the street,do be careful.过马路时，务必要小心。
As long as going into the reading room, you should keep quiet.只要进入阅览室，你就应该保持安静。
7 现在分词作状语表示分词动作的执行者（逻辑主语）就是句子的主语，有时候这类结构可以看作状语从句的省略。
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to the university. 尽管缺少钱，他的父母还是设法送他上了大学。
8 当现在分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，而是一个名词或代词时，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词是独立主格结构的一种。独立主格结构和分词一样，在句中作状语。有时也可使用从句。
Time permitting,we’ll come to see you.如果时间允许，我们就来看你。
All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。
9少数现在分词（短语）没有逻辑主语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。
Generally speaking一般来说 judging from/by由…来判断 seeing…/considering…考虑到 providing that…如果…
supposing即使；如果…… assuming…假使……
9少数现在分词（短语）没有逻辑主语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。
Generally speaking一般来说 judging from/by由…来判断 seeing…/considering…考虑到 providing that…如果…
supposing即使；如果…… assuming…假使……
二、过去分词短语作状语，可以修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况，如：
Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old.
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the room.
The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.
过去分词短语表示原因（相当于一个原因状语从句），如：
The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.
He soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey. (= as he was exhausted…)
过去分词短语有时可以表示时间（相当于时间状语从句）和条件（相当于条件状语从句），如：
United, we stand; divided, we fall. (=When / If we are united …)
Heated, water changes into steam. (=When / If water is heated …)
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.
如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）
Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子的主语保持一致；现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语为主谓关系；过去分词所表示的动作和句子的主语为动宾关系;例如:
1. Walking on the hill, she saw lots of wild plants she had never seen.
2.Written in simple English, his book is popular among children.
(1)句，she walk为主谓关系；(2)句 write his book 为被动关系；
现在分词与过去分词作状语的判断：
一：分析法
即根据分词所表示的动作与句子的主语的关系来判断，是主谓关系的就用doing;/having done; 是动宾关系的就用done/having been done 例如：
Having wasted a lot of time, the boy realized he had to work hard at his lessons.
Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
二：记忆法
1.常用doing的情况：judging by/from...(根据...来判断)，generally/Frankly speaking,及形容词化的现在分词表示令人...的（句子的主语通常为某物）：discouraging, interesting, inviting, puzzling, astonishing, shocking, surprising, exciting, confusing, disappointing,...。
Always confusing, the twins’ appearances were hard to tell apart.
2.常用done 的情况：compared to/with, given...;及短语 be seated, be dressed, be located, be situated, be lost( in),
be engaged (in), be addicted to, be occupied with, be devoted to...作状语时，保留其过去分词。
Engaged in his business, the man has not returned home for 3 weeks.
Practice
1.The prisoner(罪犯),____ the guard and run away, was caught the next days.
A killed B. killing
C having killed D being killed by
2. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless______ every day.
A watered B watering
C water D to water
B
B
3. He is a student at Oxford University,_____ for a degree in computer science.
A studied B studying
C to have study D to be studying
B
4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_____, he gladly accepted it.
A finished B finishing C having finished D was finished.
A
5. _____ the old houses, they built a beautiful garden in that area.
A Pulled down B Having pulled down C Pulling down D To pull down
increased
Key cabba bdcba
B
6.After seeing the (frighten) film, the boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark.
答案 frightening
7.Just under half of the fish we eat comes from wild animals (catch) in the oceans, with the rest coming from fish farms.
答案 caught
8.Those (range) from shampoo and toothpaste to ice cream and beer can all contain chemicals got from seaweed.
答案 ranging
9.By the 1920's, opera masters began using layers of masks (make) of oiled paper or dried pig bladders.
答案 made
10.There are many video clips(片段)on social media (show) interesting behavior of the animals along their path.
答案 showing
11.I was free to make the library a comfortable and exciting place (learn).
答案 to learn
12.A video (release) on the Internet showed how the construction workers connected three major railroads with the new one.
答案 released
13.This world has been finding excuses
(kill) wolves.
答案 to kill
14.He is a (retire) professor of archaeology(考古学) at the University of Cambridge.
答案 retired
15.The students are looking forward to having an opportunity (explore) society.
答案 to explore
16.We're having a meeting in half an hour. The decision (make) at the meeting will decide the future of our company.
答案 to be made
17.The ability (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
答案 to express
18.I have a lot of reading exercises (complete) before the end of this term.
答案 to complete
19.His first book (publish)next month is based on a true story.
答案 to be published
20.This is the only way we can imagine (reduce)the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
答案 to reduce